biology test 1

1

Biology Test 1- Chapters 1-5 1.-gnw4k 1-15 -A good hypothesis must:

A. -be theoretical. -- -

B. -be true. -- -

C. -lead to a question. -- -

D. -be falsifiable. -100% - -

E. -be false. -- -

2.-gnw4k 1-13 -Which scientist proved that the theory of spontaneous generation is untrue?

A. -Pasteur -100% - -

B. -Pauling -- -

C. -Crick -- -

D. -Watson -- -

E. -Einstein -- -

3.-gnw4k 1-20 -The students in a classroom could be considered which of the following?

A. -a community -- -

B. -a biosphere -- -

C. -a population -100% - -

D. -a niche -- -

E. -an organism -- -

4.-gnw4k 1-10 -A scientific explanation that is tentative and that requires more investigation is termed a/an:

A. -control. -- -

B. -observation. -- -

C. -hypothesis. -100% - -

D. -theory. -- -

E. -fact. -- -

5.-gnw4k 1-21 -Living things inherit information from their parents encoded in:

A. -proteins.-- -

B. -molecules.-- -

C. -atoms.-- -

D. -DNA.-100% - -

6.-gnw4k 1-19 -Which of the following is the most complex level of organization?

A. -the circulatory system -- -

B. -a water molecule -- -

C. -a rainforest -100% - -

D. -a heart -- -

7.-gnw4k 1-25 -Tissues are:

A. -organisms. -- -

2

B. -compartments within cells. -- -

C. -cells. -- -

D. -proteins. -- -

E. -a group of cells that serve a common function. -100% - -

8.-gnw4k 1-12 -The difference between a theory and a hypothesis is that:

A. -a theory must be supported by evidence. -100% - -

B. -a theory must be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt. -- -

C. -a hypothesis must be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt. -- -

D. -a hypothesis must be supported by evidence. -- -

9.-gnw4k 1-7 -Scientific observations:

A. -can be made by instrumentation. -- -

B. -can be made directly by humans. -- -

C. -are limited to available equipment used to record a natural phenomenon. -- -

D. -all of the above -100% - -

10.-gnw4k 1-39 -A theory must be supported by evidence.

True -100% -True

11.-gnw4k 2-45 -When you put sugar into your morning coffee or tea, the sugar is the ________, and the tea or coffee is the ________.

A. -solution, solute-- -

B. -solvent, solute-- -

C. -solvent, solution-- -

D. -solute, solvent-100% - -

E. -solute, solution-- -

12.-gnw4k 2-6 -Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their:

A. -number of neutrons.-100% - -

B. -number of protons.-- -

C. -number of electrons.-- -

D. -ionic charge.-- -

13.-gnw4k 2-28 -In a bottle of water, hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen of one atom and:

A. -a hydrogen atom in a different molecule.-- -

B. -an oxygen atom in a different molecule.-100% - -

C. -an oxygen atom in the same water molecule.-- -

D. -a hydrogen atom in the same molecule.-- -

14.-gnw4k 2-2 -The mass within an atom comes from:

A. -electrons only.-- -

B. -protons and neutrons.-100% - -

C. -protons, neutrons, and electrons.-- -

D. -protons only.-- -

3

15.-gnw4k 2-36 -Water is a polar molecule because:

A. -oxygen has more electrons than hydrogen.-- -

B. -hydrogen has more neutrons than oxygen.-- -

C. -oxygen has more neutrons than hydrogen.-- -

D. -oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.-100% - -

E. -hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen.-- -

16.-gnw4k 2-11 -Isotopes have been used to:

A. -determine the age of fossils.-- -

B. -detect bone cancer.-- -

C. -create new elements.-- -

D. -A and B-100% - -

E. -A, B, and C-- -

17.-gnw4k 2-47 -You mix sugar in water and stir until it's completely dissolved. In this system, the water is the ________, the sugar is the ________, and the end result is a ________.

A. -solvent; solute; solution-100% - -

B. -solute; solvent; solution-- -

C. -solute; solution; solvent-- -

D. -solvent; solution; solute-- -

E. -solution; solvent; solute-- -

18.-gnw4k 2-17 -Which of the following results from the making of a bond?

A. -Electrons are destroyed.-- -

B. -Atoms become more stable.-100% - -

C. -Molecules are broken down.-- -

D. -Atoms become more reactive.-- -

19.-gnw4k 2-52 -Neutrons are negatively charged.

False -100% -False

20.-gnw4k 2-9 -Which of the following are found in the nucleus of an atom?

A. -neutrons-- -

B. -protons-- -

C. -electrons-- -

D. -A and B-100% - -

E. -A, B, and C-- -

21.-gnw4k 2-4 -An atom whose atomic number is 10 has how many electrons in its outermost energy level?

A. -three-- -

B. -two-- -

C. -ten-- -

D. -eight-100% - -

E. -five-- -

4

22.-gnw4k 2-46 -Hydrophobic molecules tend to be ________ by water.

A. -absorbed-- -

B. -attracted-- -

C. -repelled-100% - -

D. -mixed-- -

23.-gnw4k 2-8 -Which of the following is not a component of atoms?

A. -electrons-- -

B. -protons-- -

C. -neutrons-- -

D. -molecules-100% - -

24.-gnw4k 2-44 -Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific reactions within a cell. For catalysis to occur, they require a starting substance to bind directly to the enzyme. What must be true for this binding to happen correctly?

A. -The enzyme must be acidic, and the starting substance must be basic.-- -

B. -Both the enzyme and the starting substance need to have matching shapes.-100% - -

C. -Both the enzyme and the starting substance must be hydrophilic.-- -

D. -The starting substance must be larger than the enzyme.-- -

25.-gnw4k 2-60 -Ionic bonds occur through a sharing of electrons.

Student Response-Value-Correct Answer

False -100% -False

26.-gnw4k 3-16 -Chitin and cellulose are polymers of:

A. -nucleic acids.-- -

B. -amino acids.-- -

C. -fats.-- -

D. -glucose.-100% - -

27.-gnw4k 3-35 -You love to eat potato chips, but you realize they contain many trans fats. Eating too many potato chips will negatively effect your health because it can:

A. -cause you to have no LDL.-- -

B. -cause you to have more LDL than HDL.-100% - -

C. -cause you to have more HDL than LDL.-- -

D. -cause you to have no HDL.-- -

28.-gnw4k 3-60 -Some proteins function as enzymes, but others don't.

True -100% -True

29.-gnw4k 3-27 -Which of the following is/are true of steroids?

A. -Cholesterol is a steroid.-- -

B. -If people inject male steroid hormones, they can build muscle mass, but they can have side effects.-- -

5

C. -They exist naturally in humans as hormones.-- -

D. -A and B are true.-- -

E. -A, B, and C are true.-100% - -

30.-gnw4k 3-48 -Nucleotides are the building blocks for:

A. -lipids.-- -

B. -ATP and RNA.-100% - -

C. -proteins.-- -

D. -steroids.-- -

E. -disaccharides.-- -

31.-gnw4k 3-57 -Glycogen is the carbohydrate found in plant cell walls.


False -100% -False

32.-gnw4k 3-19 -Which of the following is true of cellulose?

A. -Plants' cell walls are made up of cellulose.-100% - -

B. -Animals store glucose as cellulose.-- -

C. -Plants store glucose as cellulose.-- -

D. -Plants store amino acids as cellulose.-- -

33.-gnw4k 3-47 -DNA is made up of:

A. -nucleotides.-100% - -

B. -proteins.-- -

C. -amino acids.-- -

D. -steroids.-- -

E. -sugars.-- -

34.-gnw4k 3-63 -A nucleotide is a polymer of nucleic acids.


False -100% -False

35.-gnw4k 3-15 -What do polysaccharides, such as cellulose; nucleic acids, such as DNA; and proteins, such as keratin, have in common?

A. -They are all amino acids.-- -

B. -They are all built of chemically linked monomers.-100% - -

C. -They are all carbohydrates.-- -

D. -They are all lipids.-- -

E. -They are all nonpolar.-- -

36.-gnw4k 3-25 -What do wax and testosterone have in common?

A. -They are both hormones.-- -

B. -They are both lipids.-100% - -

6

C. -They are both proteins.-- -

D. -They are both steroids.-- -

37.-gnw4k 3-10 -Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

A. -deoxyribose-- -

B. -cellulose-100% - -

C. -fructose-- -

D. -glucose-- -

38.-gnw4k 3-45 -Proteins are made up of:

A. -amino acids.-100% - -

B. -lipids.-- -

C. -steroids.-- -

D. -nucleotides.-- -

E. -sugars.-- -

39.-gnw4k 3-13 -Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by:

A. -plants.-- -

B. -animals.-100% - -

C. -fungi.-- -

D. -monera.-- -

40.-gnw4k 3-36 -It is recommended to include fish as part of a healthy diet because it contains ________, which lead to a reduction in LDL.

A. -omega-3 fatty acids-100% - -

B. -monounsaturated fats-- -

C. -trans fats-- -

D. -polyunsaturated fats-- -

41.-gnw4k 3-21 -Glycogen is used to store ________ in the ________.

A. -glucose, liver-100% - -

B. -glucose, spleen-- -

C. -protein, liver-- -

D. -nucleic acids, liver-- -

E. -protein, muscle-- -

42.-gnw4k 3-28 -Which of the following is a type of lipid?

A. -oils-- -

B. -triglycerides-- -

C. -steroids-- -

D. -all of the above-100% - -

43.-gnw4k 3-3

7

-Carbon is such an important molecule for life because:

A. -it can hydrogen bond to so many molecules.-- -

B. -it is part of the water molecule.-- -

C. -it can be bonded ionically.-- -

D. -it can form chemical bonds with a maximum of four other atoms.-100% - -

E. -it can form isomers.-- -

44.-gnw4k 3-43 -________ are the very heart of life, allowing cells to do such things as build structures, speed chemical reactions, and move.

A. -Carbohydrates-- -

B. -Lipids-- -

C. -Proteins-100% - -

D. -Sterols-- -

E. -Nucleic acids-- -

45.-gnw4k 3-1 -Sugar is an organic molecule because it contains:

A. -carbon and oxygen.-- -

B. -carbon and nitrogen.-- -

C. -water.-- -

D. -carbon dioxide.-- -

E. -carbon and hydrogen.-100% - -

46.-gnw4k 3-34 -Saturated fats are usually found in:

A. -a beef steak.-- -

B. -canola oil.-- -

C. -safflower oil.-- -

D. -coconut oil.-- -

E. -both A and D-100% - -

47.-gnw4k 3-26 -Which of the following lipids is the primary component in cell membranes?

A. -steroids-- -

B. -glycerol-- -

C. -phospholipids-100% - -

D. -triglycerides-- -

48.-gnw4k 3-37 -You eat a steak. This meal contains mostly of:

A. -glucose.-- -

B. -starch.-- -

C. -protein.-100% - -

D. -nucleic acids.-- -

49.-gnw4k 3-20 -Which of the following is the indigestible (at least for humans) glucose polysaccharide that is found in plants?

8

A. -glycogen-- -

B. -starch-- -

C. -cellulose-100% - -

D. -chitin-- -

50.-gnw4k 3-42 -Proteins may function as:

A. -transport molecules.-- -

B. -hormones.-- -

C. -structural building materials.-- -

D. -enzymes.-- -

E. -all of the above-100% - -

51.-gnw4k 4-49 -Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.


True -100% -True

52.-gnw4k 4-43 -The large central vacuole of plants:

A. -replaces the nucleus.-- -

B. -produces proteins.-- -

C. -allows the plant to produce its own food.-- -

D. -may make up as much as 90 percent of the internal volume of the cell.-100% - -

53.-gnw4k 4-34 -The cytoskeleton is composed of:

-Student Response-Value-Correct Answer-Feedback

A. -microfilaments, cilia, and intermediate filaments.-- -

B. -microfilaments, microtubules, and lysosomes.-- -

C. -microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.-100% - -

D. -microtubules, intermediate filaments, and cilia.-- -

E. -microfilaments, mitochondria, and intermediate filaments.-- - 54.-gnw4k 4-19 -Which of the following is the correct order of events in a cell?

A. -RNA makes protein; protein makes DNA.-- -

B. -Protein makes DNA; DNA makes RNA.-- -

C. -RNA makes DNA; DNA makes protein.-- -

D. -DNA makes protein; protein makes RNA.-- -

E. -DNA makes RNA; RNA makes protein.-100% - -

55.-gnw4k 4-10 -The boundary of a cell is the:

A. -cell membrane.-100% - -

B. -cytoskeleton.-- -

C. -cytosol.-- -

D. -nucleus.-- -

56.-gnw4k 4-37 -Both cilia and flagella are involved in which of the following functions?

A. -division of the cell-- -

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B. -movement of materials-100% - -

C. -expelling waste-- -

D. -energy production-- -

E. -production of proteins-- -

57.-gnw4k 4-26 -Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to one another in that:

A. -both have their own DNA and are surrounded by a double membrane.-100% - -

B. -both capture the energy of the sun during photosynthesis and store it as sugar.-- -

C. -both convert the energy of the sugar into ATP for use by the cell.-- -

D. -both are present in all eukaryotic cells.-- -

58.-gnw4k 4-61 -Ribosomes are found only with eukaryotic cells.


False -100% -False

59.-gnw4k 4-2 -Which of the following is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

A. -nucleus-- -

B. -chloroplast-100% - -

C. -mitochondria-- -

D. -ribosomes-- -

E. -lysosomes-- -

60.-gnw4k 4-1 -The basic building compartments of life on this planet are called:

A. -phospholipids.-- -

B. -proteins.-- -

C. -energy.-- -

D. -cells.-100% - -

E. -organelles.-- -

61.-gnw4k 4-59 -Plant cells often contain large central vacuoles and chloroplasts.


True -100% -True

Score:-1/1

62.-gnw4k 4-5 -Which of the following describes a prokaryotic cell?

A. -A human cells are an example.-- -

B. -A plant cells is an example.-- -

C. -It would have mitochondria.-- -

D. -It would not have a nucleus.-100% - -

E. -It would contain endoplasmic reticulum.-- -

63.-gnw4k 4-4 -Which of the following is not considered an organelle?

10

A. -DNA-100% - -

B. -a lysosome-- -

C. -a mitochondrion-- -

D. -a ribosome-- -

64.-gnw4k 4-63 -Plasmodesmata allow plant cells to actually be connected to each other.


True -100% -True

65.-gnw4k 4-6 -Which of the following is an example of a eukaryotic cell?

A. -a bacterium-- -

B. -a plant cell-100% - -

C. -a virus-- -

D. -an archaea-- -

66.-gnw4k 4-3 -Prokaryotic cells lack:

A. -internal compartmentalization.-100% - -

B. -DNA.-- -

C. -proteins.-- -

D. -ribosomes.-- -

67.-gnw4k 4-40 -You owe your very life to chloroplasts. The reason is that:

A. -chloroplasts produce all the water and carbon dioxide essential for life.-- -

B. -like the ancestors of mitochondria, the ancestors of chloroplasts were once bacteria taken up by a eukaryotic cell.-- -

C. -chloroplasts supply all the ATP needed by living organisms.-- -

D. -chloroplasts produce the oxygen we breathe and ultimately are the source of most nutrients we consume.-

100% - -

E. -when we eat plants, it is the chloroplasts that are the nutritious part of plant cells.-- -

68.-gnw4k 4-27 -Mitochondria require which of the following in order to function?

A. -carbon dioxide-- -

B. -ATP-- -

C. -water-- -

D. -oxygen-100% - -

69.-gnw4k 4-44 -An important by-product of photosynthesis is:

A. -water.-- -

B. -glucose.-- -

C. -starch.-- -

D. -oxygen.-100% - -

E. -protein.-- -

70.-gnw4k 4-33 -What maintains cell shape, anchors organelles in place, and moves materials within a cell?

11

A. -cytoskeleton-100% - -

B. -cilia-- -

C. -Golgi complex-- -

D. -hydrogen bonds-- -

71.-gnw4k 4-41 -Which of the following is a characteristic of plant cells and not animal cells?

-Student Response-Value-Correct Answer-Feedback

A. -lysosome-- -

B. -a central vacuole-100% - -

C. -microtubule-- -

D. -mitochondrion-- -

72.-gnw4k 4-21 -The function of ribosomes is to synthesize:

A. -DNA.-- -

B. -polysaccharides.-- -

C. -lipids.-- -

D. -RNA.-- -

E. -proteins.-100% - -

73.-gnw4k 4-58 -Eukaryotic animal cells are surrounded by a cell wall.


False -100% -False

74.-gnw4k 4-18 -The function of the nucleus is to:

A. -contain the cytoplasm.-- -

B. -add sugars to proteins.-- -

C. -organize the cytoskeleton.-- -

D. -produce proteins.-- -

E. -contain and replicate the DNA.-100% - -

75.-gnw4k 4-62 -Without photosynthesis, humans could not survive.


True -100% -True

Score:-1/1

76.-gnw4k 5-4 -A purpose of the plasma membrane is to:

A. -produce proteins.-- -

B. -allow no contact with other cells.-- -

C. -keep the contents of a cell together.-100% - -

D. -form ribosomes.-- -

E. -keep harmful substances within the cell.-- -

77.-gnw4k 5-13 -The fatty-acid tails of a phospholipid are:

12

A. -polar.-- -

B. -hydrophilic.-- -

C. -hydrophobic.-100% - -

D. -carbohydrate.-- -

E. -protein.-- -

78.-gnw4k 5-52 -The polar region of the phospholipid bilayer faces to the interior of the plasma membrane.


False -100% -False

79.-gnw4k 5-69 -Water moves freely through a semipermeable membrane.


True -100% -True

Score:-1/1

80.-gnw4k 5-33 -Diffusion is a process by which a substance:

A. -goes down the concentration gradient.-100% - -

B. -is at equilibrium.-- -

C. -goes from lesser to greater concentration.-- -

D. -goes up the concentration gradient.-- -

81.-gnw4k 5-80 -The most up-to-date explanation of the structure of the plasma membrane is called the fluid-mosaic model.


True -100% -True

82.-gnw4k 5-58 -The "backbone" of the plasma membrane is the phospholipid bilayer.

True -100% -True

83.-gnw4k 5-7 -The area of the cell membrane where two layers of fatty acid tails face each other is called the:

A. -hydrophobic region.-100% - -

B. -glycocalyx.-- -

C. -integral proteins.-- -

D. -hydrophilic region.-- -

84.-gnw4k 5-6 -Short chains of sugars attached to recognition proteins in the cell membrane make up the:

A. -glycocalyx.-100% - -

B. -phospholipid bilayer.-- -

C. -communication proteins.-- -

D. -cholesterol.-- -

85.-gnw4k 5-10 -Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

A. -protection of the membrane-- -

B. -maintaining fluidity of the membrane-- -

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C. -creating the basic bilayer of the membrane-- -

D. -controlling the passage of substances into and out of the cell-100% - -

86.-gnw4k 5-16 -What is the role of transport and channel proteins within the fluid mosaic of a plasma membrane?

A. -They prevent the passage of amino acids through the membrane.-- -

B. -They may set off cellular changes, such as cell division or hormonal secretion.-- -

C. -They allow movement of water through the plasma membrane.-- -

D. -They identify the cell.-- -

E. -They allow movement of salts and sugars through the plasma membrane.-100% - -

87.-gnw4k 5-34 -A type of passive diffusion in which water moves down the concentration gradient through a semipermeable membrane is:

A. -equilibrium.-- -

B. -simple diffusion.-- -

C. -active transport.-- -

D. -osmosis.-100% - -

E. -facilitated diffusion.-- -

88.-gnw4k 5-22 -Which type of proteins are involved in nutrient transport and why?

A. -both integral and peripheral proteins, because they can both span the membrane and thereby are able to carry nutrients across the membrane-- -

B. -integral proteins, because they are smaller and can travel across the membrane, thereby carrying nutrients across the membrane-- -

C. -integral proteins, because they span the membrane and thereby are able to carry nutrients across the

membrane-100% - -

D. -peripheral proteins, because they span the membrane and thereby are able to carry nutrients across the membrane-- -

E. -peripheral proteins, because they are smaller and can travel across the membrane, thereby carrying nutrients across the membrane-- -

89.-gnw4k 5-12 -Phospholipids are:

A. -both polar and nonpolar.-100% - -

B. -only nonpolar molecules.-- -

C. -oil.-- -

D. -only polar molecules.-- -

90.-gnw4k 5-18 -Which of the following is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

A. -serving as the main component of the phospholipid bilayer-- -

B. -transporting nutrients into the cell-- -

C. -providing structural support of the cell, by attaching to the cytoskeleton-- -

D. -identifying the cell to other cells-- -

E. -helping to maintain fluidity in the membrane-100% - -

91.-gnw4k 5-19 -Which statement below is true?

A. -All internal membranes of a cell are just giant invaginations from the plasma membrane.-- -

B. -All internal cell membranes are similar in structure to the plasma membrane.-100% - -

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C. -Vesicle membranes degrade as they fuse with the plasma membrane during exocytosis.-- -

D. -The only internal membrane of a cell that is similar to the plasma membrane is the nuclear membrane.-- -

92.-gnw4k 5-32 -Which statement about diffusion is correct?

A. -Diffusion can occur only through a membrane.-- -

B. -Diffusion causes movement of materials toward equilibrium.-100% - -

C. -Diffusion of water cannot occur.-- -

D. -Diffusion requires a protein channel.-- -

93.-gnw4k 5-35 -If you go to the hospital and require IV fluids, the fluids they give you should be:

A. -either hypertonic or isotonic.-- -

B. -hypotonic to your cells.-- -

C. -hypertonic to your cells.-- -

D. -isotonic to your cells.-100% - -

E. -either hypertonic or hypotonic.-- -

94.-gnw4k 5-9 -Which of the following would be least likely to diffuse through a phospholipid bilayer?

A. -carbon dioxide-- -

B. -oxygen-- -

C. -sodium ions-100% - -

D. -water-- -

E. -the small, nonpolar molecule of butane-- -

95.-gnw4k 5-70 -Osmosis is an example of passive transport.

True -100% -True

Score:-1/1

96.-gnw4k 5-27 -Diffusing molecules move ________ until they are ________.

A. -up their concentration gradients; unevenly distributed-- -

B. -down their concentration gradients; evenly distributed-100% - -

C. -down their concentration gradients; unevenly distributed-- -

D. -up their concentration gradients; evenly distributed-- -

E. -through channels of active transport proteins; evenly distributed-- - 97.-gnw4k 5-21 -Which of the following is a function of proteins in cells?

A. -maintains fluidity-- -

B. -gives plant cells their shape-- -

C. -acts to hold phospholipids together within the bilayer-- -

D. -transports nutrients into a cell-100% - -

E. -produces vesicles for transport-- -

98.-gnw4k 5-14 -A phospholipid has ________ fatty acids attached to it.

A. -five-- -

B. -two-100% - -

C. -four-- -

D. -three-- -

15

99.-gnw4k 5-36 -Plants stay standing upright because of turgor pressure caused by:

A. -solutes rushing into the cells, keeping the cells tight.-- -

B. -water rushing into the cells, keeping the cells tight.-100% - -

C. -bones that run through the plant, holding it upright.-- -

D. -their cell walls' supporting the plant and keeping the plant standing upright.-- -

100.-gnw4k 5-47 -Phagocytosis is a type of ________ in which a cell engulfs another cell.

A. -facilitated diffusion-- -

B. -endocytosis-100% - -

biology test 1

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