Biology 212Anatomy & Physiology I

Dr. Thompson

Blood Vessels

Pulmonary Circuit

Systemic Circuit

Arteries:

Veins:

Elastic (Large) Arteries: Aorta, pulmonary trunk, & their close branches

Muscular (Medium) Arteries: Distribute blood to head, limbs, & organs

Arterioles: Distribute blood within organs & tissues

Capillaries:Primary site for exchange of gases, nurients, ions, wastes, hormones, cells, etc.

Venules:Gather blood from capillaries. Also some exchange of same materials as capillaries

Small Veins:Gather blood from tissues

Medium Veins:Gather blood from head, limbs, & organs

Large Veins:Return blood to heart

Distributing (Small) Arteries: Distribute blood within organs and tissues

Pathway Variations:

Entire circulatory system (heart, all vessels) lined by simple squamous epithelium called endothelium

Capillaries consist only of epithelium and very thin layer of areolar connective tissue.

Larger vessels, either veinous or arterial, also have layers of connective tissue and/or smooth muscle surrounding this endothelium.

Contraction of right ventricle provides force to drive blood through pulmonary circuit & contraction of left ventricle provides force to drive blood though systemic circuit,

But: not entire story:

Contraction of right ventricle provides force to drive blood through pulmonary circuit & contraction of left ventricle provides force to drive blood though systemic circuit,

But: not entire story:

During systole,

During diastole

Arterioles

Deep Veins

Superficial Veins

Deep Veins

Superficial Veins

You should be able to identify the following arteries, know from where each artery receives blood, and know to where each artery delivers blood.

Aorta Pulmonary trunkBrachiocephalic artery Pulmonary arteriesSubclavian arteries Common carotid arteriesAxillary arteries Internal carotid arteriesBrachial arteries External carotid arteriesRadial arteries Vertebral arteriesUlnar arteries Basilar arteryCommon iliac arteries Renal arteriesInternal iliac arteries Celiac trunkExternal iliac arteries Hepatic arteryFemoral arteries Splenic arteryPopliteal arteries Left gastric arteryAnterior tibial arteries Superior mesenteric arteriesPosterior tibial arteries Inferior mesenteric arteriesGonadal arteries Coronary arteries

Example: Each external iliac artery receives blood from the common iliac artery on that side and delivers blood to the femoral artery on that side

You should be able to identify the following veins, know from where each vein receives blood, and know to where each vein delivers blood.

Superior vena cava Hepatic portal veinInferior vena cava Splenic veinBrachiocephalic veins Inferior mesenteric veinSubclavian veins Superior mesenteric veinAxillary veins Common iliac veins Brachial veins Internal iliac veins Radial veins External iliac veins Ulnar veins Femoral veinsCephalic veins Popliteal veinsBasilic veins Anterior tibial veinsMedian cubital veins Posterior tibial veinsVertebral veins Greater saphenous veinsInternal jugular veins Lesser saphenous veinsExternal jugular veins Gonadal veins

Example: Each external iliac vein receives blood from the femoral vein on that side and delivers blood to the common iliac vein on that side