biological chemistry zoom 200 the chemical basis of life
TRANSCRIPT
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Biological Chemistry
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The Chemical basis of Life
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Biological Chemistry
Chemistry is the study of matter (and the changes it undergoes)Matteranything with mass and volume"stuff"
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Biological Chemistry
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Atoms: the simplest form of elementsElements vital for life:
hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), carbon (C), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N)
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Biological Chemistry
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Compounds: atoms bonded togetherExamples:
H2O CO2, HNO3 C6H12O6 N2
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Biological Chemistry
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Macromolecules: = polymers. Chains of smaller moleculesExamples:
carbohydrates lipidsproteinsnucleic acids
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Biological Chemistry
Mixtures: = substances stirred togetherExamples:
salt water airbanana splitblood
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Mini-Quiz
Classify as matter or not.bananaairCO2heatpaperideas
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Mini-Quiz
Classify element, compound or mixture.bananaairCO2carbonaluminumwater
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Nitrogen
Necessary for life. Important component of proteins and nucleic acidsMakes of 78% of air, but is unusable (N2)Bacteria are vital for making nitrogen available and for cycling nitrogen in and out of living systems. NITROGEN CYCLE.
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Nitrogen cycle video
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Chemical Summary for Nitrogen
Importance:largest proportion of the atmospherein proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, some hormones
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Chemical Summary for Nitrogen
Cycle Highlights:bacteria are vitalnitrates and ammoniaamino acids and proteinslegumes and nodules
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Chemical Summary for Nitrogen
Environmental Problems:eutrophicationacid rain
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Environmental problem:
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Environmental problem:
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*Backbone of all organic moledule(carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
* Photosynthesis, respiration, combustion* Seashells and limestone* fossil fuels
*Climate change
4/5ths of atmospherein proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, some hormones
* bacteria vital* nitrates, ammonia, amino acids, proteins, legumes, nodules
* acid rain* eutrophication
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Phosphorus
Important for organisms and industry. Found as phosphates in nature in all fertile soils and waterImportant component of:bonenucleic acids (DNA and RNA)ATP (an energy transferring molecule)phospholipids (make up cell membranes)
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* Bones* Nucleic acids* Phospholipids
* Found as phosphate* weathering* sedimentation
* Eutophication
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* Solvent *moderates temperature *needed for photosynthesis
* Evaporation and transpiration* condensation and perculation* aquifers
* Aquifer depletion* Pollution
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*Backbone of all organic moledule(carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
* Photosynthesis, respiration, combustion* Seashells and limestone* fossil fuels
*Climate change
molecules
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C, H, O
Pass on hereditary infoDNA, RNAC, H, O, N, P
* Energy storage.* Cell membranes (phospholipid)
Fats, oils, steroids (including cholesterol)
C, H, O
Involved in all cell activities. Enzymes speed up reactions. Hormones coordinate body processes
Muscle, hair, nails, enzymes, hormones
C, H, O, N(sometimes S)
Energy source.Sugars, starches, cellulose
Plant support (cellulose)
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: exact opposite
reactants products
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Attachments
The_Cycle_Series__The_Nitrogen_Cycle.asf