biol 1050-001 general biology i - fall 2019 of... · biol 1050-001 general biology i - fall 2019...
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BIOL1050 Dr.M.M.Gerson
BIOL1050-001GENERALBIOLOGYI-Fall2019
Instructor:Dr.MarinaM.GersonPronouns:she/her/theyOffice:N-272 OfficeHours:M/W12-12:30,T/Th9:30-10:30,andbyappointmentContactInformation:myoffice(best)[email protected](good)or(209)664-6547(worst)AboutDr.Gerson:IgrewupinSouthernCalifornia,andIhavehadapassionforlearningaboutlittlecritterssinceIwas
little,myself.IwasreallyluckytobeabletoattendUCSantaCruzforadegreeinEnvironmentalStudiesandBiology.Ifyouhavenevervisitedthatbeautifulcampus,Irecommendthetriptowalkamongsttheredwoods.Aftercollege,becauseofmyvolunteerworkduringthepreviousschoolyear,IhadapaidsummerinternshipinS.F.Zoo’sInsectZoo.Then,afterastintdoingofficetempwork(myhighschooljobexperiencepaidoffhere),IworkedasatechnicianinacardiovasculardevelopmentlabatUCSanFrancisco;thelabusedzebrafishasamodelorganism.Twoyearslater,ImovedontoUniversityofTexasatArlingtontoearnaPh.D.inQuantitativeBiology.Myresearchcentersonthebehaviorandecologyoflizards,withafocusondesertlizardsoftheAmericanwest.IlovetravelingandworkinginCentralandSouthAmerica,birdwatching,SCUBAdiving,snorkeling,hiking,andreading.
Texts&Materials:Allrequiredandrecommendedmaterialsareavailableinthecampusbookstore.Youmaybeabletofindthesamebooks(exceptforthelabmanual!)forbetterpricesbyshoppingonlinesellers.
1.Loose-leafCampbellBiologyinFocus,3rdeditionbyUrrayetal.,ISBN9780134895727
- Studentswhobringthebooktoclassfollowalongbetter.Pleasepurchasealoose-leafcopyofthistext.- Iselectedthistextastheprimarybookforthiscoursebecauseitiscomprehensivewithoutexcessivedetail,
relativelyeasytoread,hasexcellentfigures,isastandardinthefield,andhasgoodonlineresources.- YouwillusethisbookinGeneralBiology2,aswell,soyouwillgetagoodreturnonyourinvestment.- Youmayalsousethe2ndeditionofthisbook.Itshouldbeinexpensivetopurchaseausedcopy.- YoudonotneedtheonlineMasteringBiologyaccess.
2.Thei>Clickerisrequiredforthiscourse.Anyversionofi>clickerwillwork,exceptforthesmartapp.
- Usingclickersinclasshelpstomakelecturemoreinteractive.Itkeepsyouawake,allowsyoutoearnparticipationpoints,andithelpsmetogaugehowwellfolksintheclassunderstandtheconcepts.
- YoucanpurchaseausediClickerandre-registeritunderyourownname.- Pleasedonotpayextratoregisterausedclicker.Wecandothisforfreeinclass.
3.YouwillneedtousetheBlackboardcoursesiteforthisclass.
- Gotohttp://my.csustan.eduandclickonthe“Blackboard”linkatthebottomofthepage.- LoginandentertheBiology1050-001coursesitetofindcoursecontent.Notethatyouhaveaseparatecourse
pageforyourlabclass(yourlabinstructormayormaynotusethispage).- Therearemanystudentcomputerlabsavailableoncampus;youdonotneedtoownacomputer.
4.Biology1050LabManualavailableonlyinthecampusbookstore(ISBN9781269663267)
BIOL1050 Dr.M.M.Gerson
COURSEDESCRIPTIONANDOBJECTIVES
CourseRequirementsPrerequisite:GradeofAorBinhighschoolbiology,orBIOL1010.Co-requisite:Youmustbeenrolledinanassociatedlabsection(W11-2,W2-5,orF12-3).PurposeofCourseThepurposeoftheintroductoryseriesistwofold:(1)tointroducestudentstothebreadthofthebiologicalsciencesand(2)tohelpbeginningbiologymajorsmasterthefundamentalfactsandtheoriesneededforsuccessinsubsequentcourses.
Thiscourseisthefirstinthetwo-courseseriesandwillfocusoncellularandmolecularbiology,genetics,andmicroevolution.ThelearningobjectiveswillbemetthroughacombinationofLecture(LE)&Lab(LA)experiences.AgradeofC-orbetterisrequiredtomoveforwardintoGeneralBiology2(BIOL1150).
CourseObjectivesStudentswillbeintroducedtofoundationalprinciplesinbiology:1. Alllivingthingscomefromacommonancestor.2. Biologicalstructuresexistatalllevelsoforganization,frommoleculestoecosystems.3. Astructure'sphysicalandchemicalcharacteristicsinfluenceitsinteractionswithotherstructures,and
thereforeitsfunction.4. Biologicalmolecules,genes,cells,tissues,organs,individuals,andecosystemsinteracttoformcomplex
systems.5. Cells/organs/organismshavemultiplemechanismstoperceiveandrespondtochangingenvironmentalconditions.6. Energyandmatterflowbetweenorganismsandtheabioticenvironment.7. Organismshavecomplexsystemsthatintegrateinternalandexternalinformation,incorporatefeedbackcontrol,andallow
themtorespondtochangesintheenvironment.8. Organismsinheritgeneticandepigeneticinformationthatresultsintheirphysicalandbehavioralcharacteristics.9. Speciesevolveovertime,andnewspeciescanarise,whenallelefrequencieschangeduetomutation,naturalselection,gene
flow,andgeneticdrift.
StudentLearningOutcomes:Successfulstudentswillbeableto:¨ Describethepropertiesthatunitethethreedomainsoflivingthings.(LE)¨ Identifyrelationshipsbetweenstructureandfunctionatalllevelsofbiologicalstudy.(LE,LA)¨ Describethemajorgroupsofbiologicalmacromoleculesandexplaintheirimportanceofeachtocellularstructuresand
functions.(LE)¨ Identifystructuresofprokaryoticandeukaryoticcellsandexplainthefunctionstheyperform.(LE,LA)¨ Describehowthecellintegratesintothehierarchicalorganizationoflivingsystems.(LE)¨ Explainhowandwhycellscommunicatetocoordinatetheiractivities.(LE)¨ Explainhowenergyandmaterialsflowwithinandbetweencells,andbetweencellsandtheenvironment.(LE,LA)¨ Identifytheprocessesbywhichthecellobtainsandproducesneededresources.(LE,LA)¨ Explainthestagesinthecell’slifecycleinsinglecelledandmulticellularorganisms,includinggrowth,cellreproduction,and
apoptosis.(LE,LA)¨ Describetheprocessbywhichcellspassongeneticinformationtotheiroffspringandexplainhowsexualreproduction
resultsingeneticdiversity.(LE,LA)¨ Describehowgenesencodeinformationandexplainhowthisresultsinthestructureandfunctionoforganisms.(LE)¨ Identifytheprocessesthatresultinchangesingenomes,resultinginuniqueindividuals,populationsandspecies.(LE,LA)¨ Explainthescientificmethodanddescribespecifictechniquesusedtoscientificallystudylivingthings.(LE,LA)Studentswillalso:¨ Practiceself-assessmentandreflectionwhiledevelopingthenecessarystudyskillsforsuccessinsciencecoursework.(LE,LA)¨ Practiceusingtheprocessofscientificinquiryasameansofunderstandingthenaturalworld.(LE,LA)¨ Makeconnectionsbetweenthefactualinformationprovidedbyscienceandtherelevanceofbiology
tobroadersocietalissues.(LE,LA)¨ Demonstrateaprofessionalandrespectfulmannerwhencommunicatingandworkingwithpeers,
instructors,andstaff,aspracticeforsuccessintheworkplaceandcommunity.(LE,LA)
BIOL1050 Dr.M.M.Gerson
AssessmentMethods,Grades,andGradingThemostpracticalassessmentmeasureforcontent-heavycoursesistheobjectiveexam.Mostofyourgradeforthelectureportionofthecoursewillbebasedonlectureexams.Participationpointswillbeavailabledailyinlecture,throughparticipationwithyouriClicker.Questionswillincludepre-testquizquestions,comprehensionquestions,andsummary/reviewquestions.Thus,youhavetheopportunitytoearnparticipationpointsthroughtheentireclassperiod.Therewillberegularopportunitiestoearnextracreditinlecture,butyouwillneedtobepresenttoparticipate.Labpointsareaddedtolecturepointstocalculateyourtotalgradeinthecourse.Idonotuseacurve.Thiscourseisgradedplus/minus,andthereisaCR/NC(Credit/NoCredit)option.
Anyhomeworkorextracreditassignmentmustbeturnedinonthedayandtimeitisdue.Undernormalcircumstancesnoextracreditwillbeacceptedaftertheduedate.Therearetypicallynomake-upassignmentsinthiscourse.
ThelastdaytodropaclassisSeptember19.ThelastdaytoapplyfortheCR/NCgradingoptionisWednesday,Nov27,beforetheThanksgivingbreak.Tochangeyourgradingoption,youwillneedmysignatureonaRegistrationOptionsForm(availableonlinefromtheEnrollmentServiceswebsite).
CourseComponent PossiblePoints %ofGradeSyllabusexercise 5 0.5%Exam1 120 12%Exam2 125 12.5%Exam3 125 12.5%FinalExam 125 12.5%GroupPresentation 100 10%ClassParticipation 100 10%Lab 300 30%TOTALPOINTSPOSSIBLE 1000 100%
ExpectationsofStudents• Berespectfulofothersbyarrivingontime,givingyourattentiontowhoeverispresenting,listeningtotheideasofyour
classmates,turningoffcellphones,andgenerallybeingpolite.Thisalsomeansnotext-messaging(yes,thepersonatthefrontoftheroomcantellwhatyouaredoing)andnointernetsurfing(it’sdistractingtothosesittingaroundyou).
• Engagethecoursematerialthroughparticipationinclass,readingthetext,andthinkingaboutbiologyoutsideofclass.• Studentsareexpectedtotakeexamsduringthescheduleddatesandtimes.Ifyouhavealegitimateexcusetomissalecture
exam,Ineedtoknowthereason,inwriting,atleastaweekbeforetheexamdate.Arrangementsfortakingtheexamatanothertimemustbemadeatthetimeofthewrittenrequest.Ifyouhaveanemergencylessthanaweekbeforeanexam,youmustletmeknowoftheemergencypriortotheexamtimeifpossible.Youmustprovideavalid,writtenexcuseonorbeforethenextclassperiodaftertheexamdate,inordertobeabletotaketheexamatanalternatetime.Iftheemergencylastsbeyondthenextclassperiodaftertheexam,youmustatleastletmeknowaboutthesituation,andyoumustbringavalid,writtenexcuseassoonasyoureturntoschool.Iwilldeterminetheappropriatenessoftakingthemissedexaminthiscase.
• Maintainyouracademicintegrity.Yourintegrityisyourmostvaluableassetasastudentandinyourfuturecareerasaneducatedperson.Inlinewiththis,itisthepolicyoftheDepartmentofBiologicalSciencesthatanyonecaughtcheatingorplagiarizingwillreceiveagradeofFforthecourse.Ireservetherighttorequestanystudentsuspectedofcheatingtotakeasecond,differentexamonthematerial.Pleaseprotectyourselfbymakingyourintegrityobvious.
ExpectationsoftheInstructor• Sameasthoseforstudents,intermsofrespectforparticipantsandengagementinthecourse.Protectingyourprivacyand
maintaininganenvironmentinwhichyoucanlearnaremytoppriorities.• Beopentofeedbackonthecourseandbeflexibleinordertomakeappropriatechangestomeetstudentneeds.• Befairandconsistentinassessmentofstudentlearningandprovideappropriatefeedbacktofacilitateimprovement.• Beavailabletostudentsoutsideofclasstimetoanswerquestionsanddiscussclassmaterial.
Specialcircumstances:Iunderstandthatunusualcircumstancescantemporarilyalteryouravailabilityforourclass.Ifyouknowaheadoftimethatyouwillhaveaconflictonanimportantday,pleasegetintouchwithmeassoonaspossible.Ifanunforeseenincidentcausesyoutomissanexamoryourpresentation,getintouchwithmeassoonasyourcircumstancesallow.Ifyoumissaregularclassday,pleasegetthenotesfromafriend,reviewthepostedlecturenotes,andcometomyofficehourswithanyquestionsyoumayhave.
Learningstylesandneeds:Asaninstructor,Ibelievethatpartofmyjobistointentionallyfacilitatethesuccessofstudentswithdifferentlearningstylesandneeds,andIdomybesttoincorporatemultiplewaysoflearningintomycoursesandassignments.Pleasemeetwithmeprivatelyassoonaspossibleifthereareparticularaccommodationsthatwillfosteryourindividualsuccessinthiscourse.
PointRange GradeEarned930-1000 A900-929 A-875-899 B+830-874 B800-829 B-775-799 C+730-774 C700-729 C-675-699 D+630-674 D600-629 D-<600 F
BIOL1050 Dr.M.M.GersonLectureRecordingPolicy:Audioorvideorecording(oranyotherformofrecording)ofclassesatStanislausStateUniversityisnotpermittedunlessexpresslyallowedbythefacultymemberasindicatedinthecoursesyllabusorasaspecialaccomodation(8/AS/10/FAC--FacultyPolicyonStudentRecordingofClasses).Recordingsaretakenoutofcontextoftheclassroomsetting,andwhiletheymaydocumenttheexactwordsspoken,theydonotfullydocumenttheexchangeofinformationandunderstandingthatoccurredduringtheclasssession.Ifyouhaveaparticularreasonwhyyouwouldliketomakeanaudiorecordingoflectures,pleasediscussthiswithmeinmyoffice.
TentativeCourseOutlineDATES TOPICS Readings
Aug 23 Syllabus & Course Introduction 1
Aug 26, 28, 30 Chemistry of Life Carbon and Organic Material
2 3
Sep 2 Labor Day Holiday – No classes all day --
Sep 4*, 6 Carbon and Organic Material 3
Sep 9, 11, 13 Carbon and Organic Material Membrane Structure and Function
3 5
Sep 16, 18** Sep 20
Membrane Stucture and Function Midterm 1
5 1-3 & 5
Sep 23 Let’s go HYBRID – LECTURE WILL BE ONLINE Cell Communication 5
Sep 25*** Sep 27
A GROUP PRESENTATIONS – TOUR OF THE CELL Metabolism
4 6
Sep 30, Oct 2, 4 Cellular Respiration 7 Oct 7 Oct 9 Oct 11
Cellular Respiration Catch up and Review Midterm 2
7 -- 4, 5, 6, 7
Oct 14, 16, 18 Photosynthesis 8 Oct 21*** Oct 23, 25
B GROUP PRESENTATION – CELL LIFE CYCLE Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
9 10
Oct 28, 30 Nov 1
Mendelian Genetics Chromosomal Inheritance
11 12
Nov 4, 6, 8 Molecular Basis of Inheritance (DNAàDNA) 13 Nov 11 Veteran’s Day Holiday – No classes all day -- Nov 13 Nov 15
Catch up and Review Midterm 3
-- 8-13
Nov 18, 20, 22 Gene Expression (DNAàRNAàPolypeptide) 14 Nov 25*** Nov 27G
C GROUP PRESENTATIONS - VIRUSES Population Genetics
17 21
Nov 29 Thanksgiving Holiday – No classes all day -- Dec 2, 4 Dec 6
Descent with Modification Speciation and Evolution
19 22
Dec 9 Catch up and Review All chapters Dec 11 Reading Day – No More Classes -- FINAL EXAM Monday, December 16, 8:30-10:30 am All chapters
*Click-daysbegin**DropdeadlineisSept.19***GroupPresentationDates
GLastdatetochangegradingoption(mustturninsignedformonthisdate)
BIOL1050 Dr.M.M.Gerson
TUTORINGONCAMPUS–Freetutoringandwritinghelpservicesareavailabletoassistyouinmostdisciplines,includinginbiology!LibraryAnnexLX14;Phone(209)667-3642;Webhttp://www.csustan.edu/Tutoring
CAMPUSCOUNSELINGSERVICES–Overwhelmedbythestressofjugglingclassesandyourhomelife?Ourcampusoffersexcellentcounselingservicestohelpsupportyou!NewlocationnearStudentServicesSSX1.1;Phone(209)667-3381;Webhttp://www.csustan.edu/Counseling/
STUDENTHEALTHCENTER–Youhavealreadypaidforaccesstohealthcareoncampus.Servicesinclude:birthcontrol,flushots,immunizations,pharmacy,check-ups,HIVtesting,TBtests,anddoctor’snotesforwhenyouaresick!Phone(209)667-3396;Webhttp://healthcenter.csustan.edu
LIBRARY–Eveninthetemporarybuildings,referencelibrariansenjoyhelpingyoutofindoutallkindsofthings!YoucangethelpinpersonattheReferenceDeskinLX25,orbyphoneorchat(scanleftsideoflibrarymainwebpage).Phone(209)667-3233;Webhttp://library.csustan.edu
HowyouEarnyourGradeinLecture
AsIcompletegradingforeachassignmentorexam,youwillbeabletocheckyourscoreonBlackboard.Youhaveoneweekfollowingreturnofanyexamorassignmenttomeetwithmetoworkoutanyreasonablechangesingrading.
ParticipationYouwilluseyourclickertorespondtoin-classquestions.Thishelpsmegaugeyourlevelofcomprehensionandwillhelpmewiththepacingofthematerial.Italsoallowsmetorewardyouforbeingdedicatedinyourlectureattendance.Youearnyourhighestgradebychoosingthecorrectanswers.Iknowthingscomeup,andyoumightmissadayortwoofclass;don’tworry,itwillbesafetomisstwodayswithoutpenalty.Additionally,youcanearnbonusparticipationpointsforattendanceongrouppresentationdays.Hint:putthreesparebatteriesinyourbackpackincaseyouri>Clickerfails.
AskinganotherstudenttoclickforyouORclickingforsomeoneelseischeating.AnyoneusingmorethanoneclickerwillreceiveanFforthecourse.
ExamsTherewillbethreemidtermsandarequiredcomprehensivefinal.Midtermswillconsistof50questionstobeansweredonaScantron(bringyourScantronandpencil).Therewillalsobeonepage(frontandback)ofshortanswer/identifyapicturefromthetext/label-a-processquestions.Questionswillcovermaterialthatisassociatedwithlecture.Iencourageyoutostudythematerialmoredeeplythatwecoverinclass,inordertoperformwellatthelevelofthetest.Scantronquestionswillbevaluedat80pointsoneachexamandshortanswerat20points.
Therequiredcomprehensivefinalwillconsistof100multiplechoicequestionsandonepage(backandfront)offreeresponsequestions.Somequestionsmaybethesameasthoseusedonthemidterms,butotherswillbedifferent.
TipsforlearningthematerialInmyexperience,manybrightstudentsaresimplynotchallengedduringhighschool.Asaresult,smartandcapablepeoplehaven’thadtheopportunitytodevelopthestudyskillsneededforsuccessintheuniversity.Don’tletmyfirstexamcatchyoubysurprise!Thiscourseiscontent-heavy,andyouwillnotbeabletocramwithmuchsuccessformyexams.Makeyourstudytimeadailyhabit.
• Youneedtostudythematerialmoredeeplyinthetextthaniscoveredinlecture,inordertobeabletoreadilyanswerquestionsontheexams.
• Everylabpointcancountinyourfavor,ornot.Makesureperformingwellinlabispartofyourplanforsuccess.• Skimthewholechapterbeforeyoucometoclass.Carefullyreadandinterpretthefiguresandtablesandcarefullyread
eachvocabularyterm.• Beearlytoclassforspecialstudytips,sneakpreviewsforlab,andtoengagewithyourInstructor.• Takenotesinclassbasedonwhatyouhear.Donotspendtheclassperiodcopyingeverywordoffmyslides.Thesesame
wordscanbefoundinyourtextandinthepostedlectureslides.• Afterclassreviewyournotes.Gobackandreadthetextbooktofillingapsinyourunderstanding.Somestudentshave
beenverysuccessfulbycopyingouttheirnotesontoflashcardsforstudy.• Afterclass,write7-10examquestionsforthematerial.Thiswillgiveyouastudysheetforbeforetheexam.• ThePreview-ReviewQuestionsassociatedwitheachlecturechapterareyourStudyGuide.Besureyoucanthoroughly
answereachonewithoutreferringtothetextbookornotes.• Whenyoustudy,don’tfoolyourself!Whenyoupagethroughthetextbook,everythingwilllookfamiliar.Thisdoesn’tmean
thatyoupersonallyowntheknowledgeyourself.Makeityours!Aftereachclassday,withoutlookingatyournotesorthebook,writedownalistofthetopicsandsubtopicscovered.Writedownkeywordsandtheirdefinitions.Makeyourbest
BIOL1050 Dr.M.M.Gersonsketchofthefigures/illustrationspresented.Afterthis,openyourtextandseehowwellyoudid.Thepartsyoumissedentirelyarethepartsyouneedmosttostudy,thepartsyoupartiallyrememberedalsoneedsomeattention.Thepartsyouknowperfectlyarepartofyourownknowledgeset.
GroupPresentation–CheckonBlackboardfortheGradingRubricsforthisproject.
Tofosteryourconfidenceinexploring,discussingandsharingscientificinformation,youwillworkinagrouptoprepareoneshort,ten-minutepresentation.Yourmainobjectiveistoprovideamemorablelessonthatwillhelpyourclassmatestomasterthematerial.Youwillneedtomeetoutsideofclasstimestoprepareyourpresentation.
GroupStructure:Groupswillconsistofstudentsfromthesamelabsection.Dr.Gersonwillfacilitategroupformation.PresentationDatesandTopics:Fourgroupswillpresentondifferentsubtopicsofthemainthemeoneachpresentationday.Yourindividualevaluationofyourgroupisdueoneclassdayafteryourpresentation.
Date Theme Group Subtopic
Sep25 ATouroftheCellSection003(Wed11-2)
A1A2A3A4
ProkaryoticCells(IncludeoutsideresourcestoanswerPre/ReQs)ATouroftheEukaryoticCell1–>ATouroftheEukaryoticCell2–>ATouroftheEukaryoticCell3–>
Oct21 TheLifeandTimesofaNormalCellSection004(F12-3)
B1B2B3B4
Function/use/purposeofmitosisImportanceofCheckpointsinG1andG2ofInterphaseMitosis:Prophase,Metaphase,AnaphaseMitosis:Telophase&Cytokinesis&compareinanimals&plants
Nov25 LivingorNot:VirusesSection002(Wed2-5)
C1C2C3C4
DiversityofViruses:OverviewofStructures;&Arevirusesalive?TheBacteriophageLysogenicCycle&LyticCyclesIntroductiontoRetroviruses(example:HIV)Vaccines&ImmuneResponse(hint:seepp.745-746onvaccines)
PresentationGuidelines:• Yourgoalistoprovideyourclassmatesavaluablelearningopportunity.• Thepresentationcanbenomorethantenminutes!Youwilllosepointsifyougoovertime.• Sticktoyourassignedsubtopicandbeawareoftheothersubtopicsinyoursession(soyoudon’twasteyourtimeonsomeone
else’sproject).• Yourgroupwillneedtodecideonrolesforeachmemberandeachmembermusttakepartinthepreparationand/or
presentationofyourproject.Somesuggestedrolesare:groupchairperson,secretary,textbookresearch,internetresearch,illustrations/graphics,presenter,videographer,audio-visualtechnician.Yourassignedrolesareduetomeoneweekbeforeyourpresentation.
• Yourpresentationcanbecreative!Youarewelcometomakeuseofanyresourceswehaveavailable,includinglaptop,internet,documentcamera(overheadprojector),andanymaterialsyouwishtobringwithyou.Youcanprovideastraightforwardpresentationoftheinformation,oryoucanperformaskit,song,orpuppetshow,youcanshowavideooranimationproducedbyyourgroup,oryourcanuseanyothercreativemeansyoucanthinkoftoshareinformation.
• Yourclassmateswillgradeyouaccordingtothevaluetheyreceivefromyourwork,sorememberthatcontentdeliveryiskey.• Besuretopractice!Ifyoucannotcompleteyourlessonintenminutes,yourscorewillsuffer!
Whenyourgroupisnotpresenting:• Beattentiveandpoliteinsupportofyourpeers!Thisisabigclass,anditcanbeintimidatingtopresenttoalargegroup.• Youearnonebonusparticipationpointforattendingclassongrouppresentationdays.• Youareresponsibleforjudgingtheworkofyourpeers.Yourmaincriterionis:“Howwelldidthepresentationhelpmetolearn
thematerial?”
ExtraCredit?Yes!Regularextracreditopportunitieswillariseinlectureclass.Youmustattendclasstoearnthesepoints!
See BlackBoard for your group’s assigned organelles!