biol 105 s 2013 midterm exam 1 qa 130311.5c.docnapavalley.edu/people/briddell/documents/bio...

Biology 105 – Human Biology

Practice Midterm Exam 1 PMTX 1

Session 2017:Sections:

Class Location:Days / Time:

Instructor:

Fall70650 4 Units2210 / 2030.T Th 8:00 AM – 9:15 AM LECT 9:30 AM – 12:20 PM LABRIDDELL

Fall: 201770651 4 Units2210 / 2030.T Th 8:00 AM – 9:15 AM LECTh 9:30 AM – 12:20 PM LABRIDDELL

TopicsBiologyBlood TypesCardio VascularCardiovascular SystemCellGeneral AnatomyGreek / Latin LexiconMedical HistoryMotions and PositionsMuscle GroupsOrgan SystemsReproductive AnatomyReproductive HistologyRespiratory SystemSkeleton

BEGIN EXAM

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General Anatomy – Levels of Complexity / Structure and Function / Relationships

1. What is a characteristic of living things sets them apart from the nonliving? A) respond to a stimulus B) grow and reproduce C) adaptation to a way of life D) All of these are characteristics of living things.

E) anatomy.

Match the specialty discipline with its correct definition

Definition CODE Discipline

Anatomy & Physiology of CellsPhysiology od Cell DiseasePhysiology of Bone TissuePhysiology of DiseasePhysiology of Diseased TissuesPhysiology of HormonesPhysiology of the Nervous SystemStudy of Organs and Organ System FunctionsStudy of Organs and Organ Systemsstudy of the first two months of development

ABCDE

ABACADAEBC

2. Anatomy3. Cytology4. Cytopathology5. Embryology6. Endocrinology7. Histopathology8. Neurology9. Osteology10. Pathology11. Physiology

Discovery Inventor / Discoverer / Philosopher12. Father of Medicine13. Father of Anatomy & Physiology14. Father of Accurate Illustrated Anatomy15. Father of Cells16. Father of Microscopy17. Father of CV Circulatory System

A) Theodore SchwannB) GalenC) Aristotle.D) van LeeuwenhoekE) HippocratesAB) VesaliusAC) Harvey

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18. Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most COMPLEX to the SIMPLEST?A) cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organismB) molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismC) tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, system, organismD) organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, systemE) organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular

19. The right ring finger is ________ to the carpals.A) lateraB) medialC) posteriorD) proximalE) distal

20. The olecranon is ________ to the acromion.A) proximalB) distalC) lateralD) medialE) horizontal

21. Physiology is to ________ as anatomy is to ________.A) function; formB) form; structureC) function; structureD) structure; formE) structure; function

22. What is a characteristic of living things sets them apart from the nonliving? A) respond to a stimulus B) grow and reproduce C) adaptation to a way of life D) All of these are characteristics of living things.

23. Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most COMPLEX to the SIMPLEST?A) cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organismB) molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismC) tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, system, organismD) organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, systemE) organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular

24. The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termedA) positive feedback.B) homeostasis.C) negative feedback.D) effector control.E) integration.

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25. A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in theA) supine position.B) prone position.C) anatomical position.D) frontal position.E) sagittal position.

26. The heart is ________ to the lungs.A) lateralB) medialC) posteriorD) proximalE) distal

27. The wrist is ________ to the elbow.A) proximalB) distalC) lateralD) medialE) horizontal

28. Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?A) proximalB) frontalC) orthogonalD) transverseE) sagittal

29. A midsagittal section would pass through theA) kidney.B) lung.C) heart.D) spleen.

30. Anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________.A) function; formB) form; structureC) structure; functionD) structure; formE) growth; form

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General Anatomy – Organ Systems

Match the name of the ANATOMICAL SYSTEM that best fits the list of functions.

Definition CODE SYSTEM31. Teeth, liver, pancreas, and anus32. tonsils, thymus, and spleen33. thyroid, pancreas, ovary, and pituitary34. uterus and prostate35. ligaments and articulations36. ureters, urethra and bladder37. nails and hair38. larynx, pharynx, trachea, and bronchioles39. tendons40. Chemical control of growth, development, homeostasis, reproduction and sexual dimorphism41. Consciousness, and homeostasis42. External defense, thermal homeostasis43. Gametogenesis and copulation44. Infectious and metatataic defense and fatty acid transport45. Maceration, salivation, and absorption46. Micturition / voidance and control of blood volume and blood pressure47. Gas and nutrient transport48. Support, movement and blood formation

ABCDE

ABACADAEBCBDBECDCEDE

ABCABDABEACDACEADEBCDBCEBDECDE

ABCDABCEABDEACDE

ABCDE

CardiovascularConnectiveCytologicDigestiveEmbryonicEndocrineEpithelialExcretoryGenitalHistologicHolisticHydrologicIngestiveIntegumentaryJointsLimbicLipidLymphatic / ImmuneMeningealMuscularNervousNeuromuscularReproductiveResuscitationRespiratorySkeletalSupplementalUrinaryVascularYorMyFireWurks

.

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Skeletal System49. The axial skeleton consists of ________.

A) the skull B) the vertebral column C) the hyoid bone and rib cage D) all of the above

50. The _________ bone of the leg is the longest and strongest of the body. A) tibia B) fibula C) humerus D) femur

51. ________ is a term that refers to either finger or toe bones. A) Processes B) Plates C) Sphenoids D) Phalanges

52. Most joints are freely movable, but these joints in the adult are not?. A) fibrous B) synovial C) cartilaginous D) suture

53. Which of following is a function of the skeletal system?A) body supportB) calcium homeostasisC) protection of internal organsD) blood cell productionE) all of the aboveD) Phalanges

54. The vertebral column contains ________ thoracic vertebrae. A) 4 B) 5 C) 7 D) 12 E) 31

55. The ribs articulate with the ________ of the vertebrae. A) spinous processesB) transverse processesC) laminae D) pedicles E) auric arches

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56. Which of the following bones is not part of the appendicular skeleton? A) scapula B) tibiaC) sacrum D) coxal bones E) metacarpals

IDENTIFICATION: Select the correct anatomical term from Appendix Bones

57. Name each one of these bonesSome example are provided

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Identify the bone with it appropriate code. Enter ABCDE if Not Indicated.

58. Superior Accommodating Curve59. Iliac60. L Carpals61. L Metacarpals

62. L Pollex63. L Radius64. R Humerus65. R Ischium

66. Scapula67. Sternum68. Thoracic Vertebrae69. Inferior Compensatory Curve

70. BE is a member of which division of the skeletal system. See Membership in the Appendix E

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Reproductive System

71. The testes of the adult male lie within the ______ although they first begin development in the ______. A) abdomen; scrotum B) scrotum; abdominal cavity C) testicles; vas deferens D) vas deferens; epididymus

72. The ductus deferens empties sperm into the _______. A) urinary bladder B) urethra C) penis D) prostate gland

73. The female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, are produced by the: A) oocyte. B) follicle cells. C) endometrium. D) cervix.

74. The fertilized egg is initially called the ______.

A) oocyte B) ovum C) zygote D) embryo

75. The reproductive systemA) produces gametes. B) stores and transports gametes. C) nourishes gametes. D) all of the above E) A and B only

76. The reproductive system includes A) gonads and external genitalia. B) ducts that receive and transport the gametes. C) accessory glands and organs that secrete fluids. D) all of the above E) B and C only

77. Sperm production occurs in the A) ductus deferens. B) seminiferous tubules. C) epididymis. D) seminal glands (seminal vesicles). E) rete testis.

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The following is a list of anatomical strictures associated with the male reproductive system1. ductus deferens2. urethra3. ejaculatory duct4. epididymis

78. Arrange the four structures listed above into the order in which sperm pass from the testis to the vagina of the female

A) 1, 3, 4, 2B) 4, 3, 1, 2C) 4, 1, 2, 3D) 4, 1, 3, 2E) 1, 4, 3, 2

79. The testes of the adult male lie within the ______ although they first begin development in the ______. A) abdomen; scrotum B) scrotum; abdominal cavity C) testicles; vas deferens D) vas deferens; epididymus

80. The ductus [vas] deferens empties sperm into the _______. A) urinary bladder B) urethra C) penis D) prostate gland

81. The female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, are produced by the: A) oocyte. B) follicle cells. C) endometrium. D) cervix E) Uterus.

82. The fertilized egg is initially called the ______. A) oocyte B) ovum C) zygote D) embryo

Identify the journey of the gametes. Fill in the missing structures

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See COLUMN XI an XII for Answer Choices

Male Gametogenesis w/o Fertilization Female Gametogenesis w/o Fertilization

83. Seminiferous tubules in the ____84. ____85. ____Ejaculatory Duct86. ____External or other environment

87. Follicle in the ____88. _____89. _____90. _____91. _____External or another environment

92. The inferior portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina is the A) isthmus B) fornix. C) glans D) body. E) cervix

93. The thick muscular layer of the uterus is the A) endometrium. B) perimetrium. C) myometrium. D) uterometrium. E) sarcometrium.

94. The clitoris A) is derived from the same embryonic structures as the penis in males. B) engorges with blood during sexual arousal. C) is topped by a small erectile glans. D) contains erectile tissue comparable to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. E) all of the above

95. Which of the following descriptions best matches the term myometrium?A) thick layer of smooth muscle cellsB) supports the uterus anteriorlyC) supports the uterus laterallyD) consists of stratum basalis and stratum functionalisE) after ovulation, the ovum is captured by it

96. Testosterone is needed _____________.

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A) to stimulate growth of male reproductive organs. B) to promote functioning of male reproductive organs. C) for development of male secondary sexual characteristics D) All of these are correct

97. Male gametes are the _____ and the female gametes are the _____. A) testes; ovaries B) sperm; egg C) testosterone; estrogens D) scrotum; uterus

98. The site of fertilization within the female body is the _________. A) uterine tube B) ovary C) cervix D) uterus

99. The reproductive systemA) produces gametes. B) stores and transports gametes. C) nourishes gametes. D) all of the above E) A and B only

100. The reproductive system includes A) gonads and external genitalia. B) ducts that receive and transport the gametes. C) accessory glands and organs that secrete fluids. D) all of the above E) B and C only

101. Sperm production occurs in the A) ductus deferens. B) seminiferous tubules. C) epididymis. D) seminal glands (seminal vesicles). E) rete testis.

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The following is a list of anatomical strictures associated with the male reproductive system1. ductus deferens2. urethra3. ejaculatory duct4. epididymis

102. Arrange the four structures listed above into the order in which sperm pass from the testis to the vagina of the female

A) 1, 3, 4, 2B) 4, 3, 1, 2C) 4, 1, 2, 3D) 4, 1, 3, 2E) 1, 4, 3, 2

103. The surge in luteinizing hormone that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers A) follicle maturation. B) menstruation. C) ovulation. D) menopause. E) atresia.

104. During the menses A) progesterone levels are high.B) a new uterine lining is formed. C) secretory glands and blood vessels develop in the endometrium. D) the old functional layer is sloughed off. E) the corpus luteum is most active.

105. The clitoris A) is derived from the same embryonic structures as the penis in males. B) engorges with blood during sexual arousal. C) is topped by a small erectile glans. D) contains erectile tissue comparable to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. E) all of the above

106. The portion of the uterine tube that ends in fingerlike fimbriae is the A) ampulla. B) distal segment. C) infundibulum. D) proximal segment. E) isthmus.

107. Which of the following descriptions best matches the term myometrium?A) thick layer of smooth muscle cellsB) supports the uterus anteriorlyC) supports the uterus laterallyD) consists of stratum basalis and stratum functionalisE) after ovulation, the ovum is captured by it

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108. The primary organ(s) of the male reproductive system is(are) the ________.A) prostateB) testesC) bulb-urethral glandsD) epididymisE) glans

109. What is the function of the gonads?A) secrete fluids into the reproductive system ducts or other excretory ductsB) connect the uterus with the exteriorC) receive and transport the gametesD) produce the gametes and hormonesE) enclose and support a developing embryo

110. ________ are produced at the end of the meiotic divisions in the seminiferous tubules.A) SpermatogoniaB) Primary spermatocytesC) SpermatidsD) Secondary spermatocytesE) Spermatozoa

111. In males, meiosis involves ________ cycle(s) of cell division and produces ________ cells, or gametes, each containing 23 individual chromosomes.

A) one; fourB) two; fourC) one; sixD) two; twoE) four; four

112. The anterior surface of the flaccid (nonerect) penis covers two cylindrical columns of erectile tissues called (the)

A) glans penis.B) prepuce.C) corpus spongiosum.D) corpora cavernosa.E) penile urethra.

113. The portion of erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra is theA) prepuce.B) glans.C) corpus spongiosum.D) corpora cavernosa.E) corona radiate

114. 2The tubular gland that produces a secretion that contains fructose, is slightly alkaline, and contributes about 60 percent to the volume of the semen is the

A) prostate gland.B) bulbourethral gland.C) corpus cavernosum.D) seminal vesicle.

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E) preputial gland.

115. The following is a list of structures of the male reproductive tract.1 - ductus deferens2 - urethra3 - ejaculatory duct4 - epididymis

The correct order in which spermatozoa pass through these structures from the testes to the penis isA) 1, 3, 4, 2.B) 4, 3, 1, 2.C) 4, 1, 2, 3.D) 4, 1, 3, 2.E) 1, 4, 3, 2.

116. The female structure that is derived from the same embryonic structures as the penis in males is the

A) vagina.B) clitoris.C) vestibule.D) labia minora.E) labia majora.

117. The hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics is

A) estrogen.B) progesterone.C) LH.D) FSH.E) gonadotropin.

118. The tubular structure of the uterus that projects a short distance into the vagina is called theA) urethra.B) ejaculatory duct.C) cervix.D) perimetrium.E) isthmus.

119. The shallow recess surrounding the cervical protrusion is known as theA) isthmus.B) fornix.C) fundus.D) body.E) os.

120. The anterior enlargement of erectile tissue in females is known as theA) fornix.B) vestibule.

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C) hymen.D) clitoris.E) isthmus.

121. The process of oogenesis produces ________ viable ovum/ova.A) oneB) twoC) threeD) fourE) eight

122. The average length of the uterine (menstrual) cycle is ________ days.A) 5B) 14C) 20D) 28E) 37

123. During the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, LH levels remain elevated for ________, long enough to stimulate the formation of a functional corpus luteum.

A) 5 daysB) 24 hoursC) 7 daysD) 2 daysE) 6 hours

124. Oogenesis beginsA) by age 5.B) at puberty.C) by age 10.D) at birth.E) during embryonic development.

125. The ________ is a layer of follicle cells that surrounds the oocyte on day 14 of a 28-day cycle.A) antrumB) zona pellucidaC) corona radiataD) corpus albicansE) isthmus

126. In females, mammary glands are specialized organs of the ________ system that are controlled by hormones of the reproductive system.

A) endocrineB) nervousC) integumentaryD) muscularE) skeletal

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127. The ovary does not release a mature gamete. Instead, a ________ is released.A) oocyteB) oogoniaC) primary oocyteD) secondary oocyteE) zygote

128. The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum, which prepares the uterus for pregnancy, is

A) LH.B) FSH.C) progesterone.D) estradiol.E) estrogen.

129. The time in which ovulation and menstruation cease is called ________.A) oogenesisB) menarcheC) andropauseD) menopauseE) climacteric

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Fall70651 4 Units2210 / 2030.T Th 8:00 AM – 9:15 AM LECTh 9:30 AM – 12:20 PM LABRIDDELL

Match the indicated term with its designation on the following illustrationName each one of these structures

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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM BLOOD

130. The process of blood clotting is an example of which function of blood?A) stabilizing body temperatureB) transporting dissolved gases, nutrients, hormones, and metabolic wastesC) defending against toxins and pathogensD) regulating the pH and ion composition of interstitial fluids throughout the bodyE) restricting fluid losses at injury sites

131. Plasma and interstitial fluid account for most of the volume of ________ in the body.A) serumB) lymphatic fluidC) whole bloodD) extracellular fluidE) packed blood

132. Red blood cells result from the process od sequential _______divisions of multipotent stem cells.A) hemocytopeniaB) mitosisC) meiosisD) differentiationE) progenitor cells

133. In adults, the stem cells responsible for the production of red and white blood cells originate primarily in the

A) liver.B) thymus.C) spleen.D) red bone marrow.E) yellow bone marrow.

134. The average life span of a red blood cell is aboutA) 10 daysB) 60 days.C) 120 daysD) almost a yearE) about ½ of a year

135. The function of hemoglobin is toA) bind and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.B) protect the body against infectious agents.C) aid in the process of blood clotting.D) carry nutrients from the intestine to the body's cells.E) absorb and neutralize the acids generated by active tissues.

136. ________ are the most abundant cell population of the formed elements of blood.A) ErythrocytesB) PlateletsC) NeutrophilsD) LymphocytesE) Monocytes

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137. A person's blood type is determined by theA) Genes that specify presence of specific surface antigens on the plasma membrane of the white blood cells.B) shape of the red blood cells.C) chemical character of the hemoglobin.D) Genes that specify presence of specific surface antigens on the plasma membrane of the red blood cells.E) number of specific molecules on the plasma membrane.

138. Agglutinogens of the various blood types are examples ofA) surface antibodies.B) channel proteins.C) leukocytes.D) surface antigens.E) agranulocytes.

139. Type AB blood containsA) A agglutinins on the red blood cells.B) agglutinogen A and agglutinogen B.C) B agglutinogens on the red blood cells.D) B agglutinins in the plasma.E) agglutinin A and B.

140. Raul wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A serum and anti-Rh serum, but not with the anti-B serum. This means

A) Raul could receive type B blood in a transfusion.B) Raul could donate blood to an individual with type AB blood.C) Raul is Rh-negative.D) Raul's plasma would cross-react with type O negative red blood cells.E) Raul's plasma contains anti-B antibodies.

141. The primary function of white blood cells is toA) remove carbon dioxide from active cells.B) clump together and stick to the blood vessel walls.C) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells.D) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells.E) help defend the body against infectious organisms.

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Identify the following cells by name

Photomicrograph of White Blood Cells Choices

142. Basophil

143. Eosinophil

144. Lymphocyte

145. Macrophage

146. Monocyte

147. Neutrophil

13 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM VESSELS

148. Thick-walled vessels, which are large and extremely resilient, are called ________ arteries.A) coronaryB) pulmonaryC) elasticD) muscularE) arteriolar

149. The external carotid artery would be classified as an example of a(n) ________ artery.A) anastomoticB) elasticC) conductingD) largeE) muscular

150. The vessels that permit exchange of materials between the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluid are termed

A) capillaries.

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B) arterioles.C) arteries.D) venules.E) veins.

151. The instrument used to measure blood pressure is the ________.A) stethoscopeB) thermometerC) endoscopeD) sphygmomanometerE) hydrostatic pressure cuff

152. As blood travels through the venous system toward the heart, why do the veins become larger in diameter?

A) The transition causes the resistance to increase further so that the flow rate of blood increases.B) The transition causes the resistance to drop further so that the flow rate of blood increases.C) The transition causes the resistance to decrease further so that the flow rate of blood decreases.D) The transition causes the resistance to increase further so that the flow rate of blood decreases.E) The transition reflects no change in the resistance, but causes the flow rate of blood to increase.

153. As blood travels from the aorta toward the capillaries,A) cardiovascular pressure decreases.B) vascular resistance decreases.C) vascular flow increases.D) viscosity decreases.E) both cardiovascular pressure and vascular flow increase.

154. How do the arteries of the pulmonary circuit differ from those of the systemic circuit?A) They branch more than those of the systemic circuit.B) Their vessels' diameters are narrower.C) The tunic composition of their vessel walls is generally thicker.D) They carry oxygen-poor blood.E) There are valves in the branching arteries of the pulmonary circuit.

155. The ________ divides the aorta into a superior thoracic aorta and an inferior abdominal aorta.A) pericardiumB) mediastinumC) diaphragmD) peritoneumE) pleura

156. The vessel that receives most of Oxygen poor blood from organs inferior to the diaphragm is theA) internal jugular vein.B) external jugular vein.C) superior vena cava.D) inferior vena cava.E) coronary sinus.

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157. The two common iliac veins form theA) femoral vein.B) popliteal vein.C) inferior vena cava.D) lumbar vein.E) great saphenous vein.

158. The vessel that passes deep to the clavicle and supplies blood to the arm, shoulder, chest wall, back, and spinal cord is called the ________.

A) internal thoracic arteryB) vertebral arteryC) thyrocervical trunkD) subclavian arteryE) brachial artery

159. The strong pulse that is felt by pressing gently along either side of the trachea usually indicates the location of the ________.

A) internal jugular veinB) vertebral arteryC) external carotid arteryD) vertebral veinE) cephalic vein

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Name these Vessels, Valves and Chambers

160. Name each of these structures

Schematic CODE Choices

ABCDE


ABCABDABEACD

Abdominal Inferior Vena CavaAbdominal Superior Vena CavaAortic ArchAortic ValveAscending AortaCoronary ArteryCoronary SinusDescending Abdominal AortaDescending Thoracic AortaDescending Vena CavaHead and neckInterventricular SeptumL AV ValveLower LimbsPulmonary ValveR AV ValveThoracic Inferior Vena CavaThoracic Superior Vena CavaUpper Limbs

CARDIOVASCCULARSYSTEM HEART

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161. The heart and periardium are located within the by theA) pleural cavity.B) peritoneal cavity.C) cardiac skeleton.D) mediastinum.E) coronary sinus.

162. The wall between the atria is called theA) ventricle.B) coronary sinus.C) coronary sulcus.D) auricle.E) interatrial septum.

163. The loose-fitting sac around the heart is lined by theA) parietal pericardium.B) epicardium.C) endocardium.D) parietal myocardium.E) parietal endocardium.

164. The innermost layer of the heart wall is theA) mediastinum.B) parietal pericardium.C) epicardium.D) myocardium.E) endocardium.

165. Blood returning directly from the systemic circulation enters theA) right atrium.B) right ventricle.C) left atrium.D) left ventricle.E) pulmonary trunk.

166. The tricuspid valve is locatedA) in the opening of the aorta.B) in the opening of the pulmonary trunk.C) where the vena cavae join the right atrium.D) between the right atrium and right ventricle.E) between the left atrium and left ventricle.

167. The left and right coronary arteries supply blood to the muscle tissue of theA) intestines.B) head.C) brain.D) heart.E) liver.

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168. The heart is surrounded by the ________ cavity.A) peritonealB) valvularC) cardiacD) coronaryE) pericardial

169. The ________ circuit carries blood to and from all parts of the body except the lungs.A) pulmonaryB) coronaryC) systemicD) systolicE) diastolic

170. The muscle layer of the heart is the ________.A) epicardiumB) myocardiumC) endocardiumD) visceral pericardiumE) endothelium

171. ________ permit the exchange of nutrients, dissolved gases, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues.

A) VeinsB) ArteriesC) Arterial trunksD) CapillariesE) Vena cavae

172. The right ventricle pumps blood to theA) left atrium.B) left ventricle.C) lungs.D) systemic circuit.E) right atrium.

173. The first blood vessels to branch from the pulmonary trunk are theA) pulmonary arteries.B) bronchial arteries.C) circumflex arteries.D) carotid arteries.E) subclavian arteries.

174. The pulmonary arteries carry blood to theA) heart.B) lungs.C) brain.D) kidneys.E) pancreas.

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The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart.1. right atrium2. left atrium3. right ventricle4. left ventricle5. vena cavae6. aorta7. pulmonary trunk8. pulmonary veins

175. What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation?A) 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 4, 6, 5B) 1, 7, 3, 8, 2, 4, 6, 5C) 5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6D) 5, 3, 1, 7, 8, 4, 2, 6E) 5, 1, 3, 8, 7, 2, 4, 6

176. The first heart sound ("lubb") is produced as the atrioventricular valves ________ and the semilunar valves ________.

A) open; closeB) close; openC) open; openD) close; closeE) The actions of the valves do not contribute to the heart sounds.

177. The type of muscle tissue that is controlled voluntarily is called _____________ A) smooth muscle B) cardiac muscle C) skeletal muscle D) All of these are under conscious control

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MUSCULAR SYSTEM

178. We know that muscles permit us to move, but which of the following is/are also a function(s) of the muscles?

A) protect internal organs and stabilize joints B) maintain constant body temperature C) assists movement of lymph in lymphatic vessels D) All of these are correct.

179. A muscle fiber contains many contractile portions called _____ that run the length of a muscle fiber.

A) actin filaments B) myosin filaments C) sarcolemma D) myofibrils

180. Microfilaments are ____ strands composed of the proteins ____A) thin; myosin B) thick; actin C) thin; actin D) thick; myosinAB) A and BAC) A and CAD) A and DBC) B and CBD) B and DCD) C and D

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Identify the muscle group that:

181. Flexes the head182. Extends the toes183. Flexes the torso184. Flexes the upper leg185. Flexes the lower arm186. Abducts the arm187. Flexes the hand188. Adducts the pollex

189. Extends the foot190. Flexes the lower leg191. Extends the entire leg192. Hyper extends the head193. Hyper extends the thorax194. Extends the lower arm195. Extends the hand

Illustration of the Muscles

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Muscle Anatomical Architecture

Match the definition with its TERMDEFINITION CODE TERM

196. Bundles of fibrils197. Bundles of filaments198. Bundles of Fibers199. Bundles of Cells200. Bundles of Fascicles201. Connects bone to bone202. Connects Muscle to Bone203. Muscle Cell204. Contraction of filaments205. Cytoplasm

ABCDEABACADAEBCBDBECD

EndomysiumEpimysiumFascicleLigamentMuscleMyofiberMypfibrilPerimysiumPeriosteumSarcolemmaSarcomereSarcoplasmTendon

Reference Muscle Illustration

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Match the name of the primary motion / position indicated by its reference definition in the following photographs.

Dancer in Motion Dancer at Rest

206. Name this motion L phalanges207. Name the position of the R Phalanges208. Name this motion R brachium209. Name this motion of cervicis / cephalos210. Name the position of both upper brachia211. Name the motion of both feet212. Name the position of both sets of manual phalanges213. Name the position of all toes

214. Name this motion R and L phalanges215. Name this motion R & L Leg216. Name this motion L Foreleg217. Name the position of both sets of manual phalanges

Answer Choices

CODE Motion / Movement PositionABCDE


ABCABDABEACDACEADE

AbductionAdductionCircumductionDepressionDorsiflexionElevationEversionExtensionFlexionHyperextensionHyperflexionInversionLateral flexionPlantar flexionPronationProtractionRotationSupination

AbductedAdductedDepressedElevatedEvertedExtendedFlexedHype-rextendedHyper-flexedInvertedOpposedPronatedRotatedSupinated

See following page for reference.

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Dancer in Motion Dancer at Rest

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Respiratory System

218. Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by theA) upper (conducting) portion of the respiratory tract.B) lower (respiratory) portion of the respiratory tract.C) lungs.D) alveoli.E) bronchioles.

219. Functions of the respiratory system includeA) protecting respiratory surfaces from dehydration, and temperature changes.B) producing leukocytes.C) generating neurotransmitters.D) providing erythrocytes.E) melanin synthesis and utilization.

Of the structures listed, list the structures in anatomical order for a Carbon Dioxide Molecule exiting the pulmonary capillaries and returning to the external environment.

PathwayStructure / Organ

CODE STRUCTURE / ORGAN

Pulmonary Capillary220. __

Bronchiole221. __

Secondary Bronchus222. __223. __224. __

Oro-Pharynx225. __226. __

Nasal PassagesExternal Nares

227. __

ABCDE


ABCABD

AlveoliBronchioleBronchusCervicisEpiglottisEsophagusExternal environmentExternal NaresInternal NaresLarynxNasopharynxPharynxPulmonary CapillarySecondary BronchusTertiary BronchusThoracisTrachea

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RESPIRATORY MICROANATOMY / HISTOLOGYMatch the term with its indicated structure.

228. Alveolar Duct229. Alveolar sac230. Alveoli231. Blood flow toward the heart232. Bronchiole

233. Pulmonary Arteriole234. Pulmonary Artery235. Pulmonary capillaries236. Pulmonary venule237. Smooth muscle

RESPIRATORY TREE

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Match the term with its indicated structure.

238. Bronchus239. Clavicle240. Costal241. Esophagus242. External Nares243. Larynx244. Left Thorax

245. Mouth246. Nasopharynx247. Nasal Conchae248. Oropharynx249. Secondary bronchus250. Tertiary bronchus251. Thyroid cartilage252. Trachea

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Anatomy terminology / Lexicon Match the Term with its derivation in the Greek or Latin.

Common Term CODE Greek / Latin Greek / Latin253. Above normal254. Ankle255. Arm256. Away from the heart257. Back258. Backward259. Begin260. Below / underneath261. Brain262. Breast263. Cartilage264. Cell265. Chest266. Close Formation,267. Closer to268. Clot269. Different270. Disease271. Elbow272. Female273. Finger274. Front275. Further from276. Group of like cells277. Head278. In between279. Inside280. Joint281. Know / Study282. Male283. Neck284. Other side285. Outside

286. Pelvis287. Red288. Rib289. Same290. Scale / Flat291. Self292. Shape / Form293. Shoulder294. Single295. Skull296. Sword297. Stone298. Thigh299. To Cut300. To see301. To the side302. Toe303. Toward the center304. Toward the feet305. Toward the head306. Toward the heart307. Up and away308. Upon309. White310. Within

ABCDEABACADAEBCBDBECDCEDEABCABDABEACDACEADEBCDBCEBDECDEABCDABCEABDEACDEABCDE

AcromionAnaAntArtArthroAutoBrachiCalcCephalCerebroCervicChondroContraCoronaCostalCoxalCraniCytoDistalEctoEndoEpiErythroFeminFemoralGenGlossoHeteroHistoHomo

HyperHypoInferiorInfraInterIntraIpsiLateralLeukoMamilMasculusMedialMonoMorphoOlecranonOlogySquamousOpticPathosPhalanxPostProximalRetroSquamSuperiorTarsThromboTomosVeneXiph

END OF EXAM

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Appendix / Answer Choices

CODE Organization / Complexity

Organ Systems Histology Histology cont. Metabolites

ABCDE


ABCABDABEACDACEADEBCDBCEBDECDE

ABCDABCEABDEACDEBCDE

ABCDE

AtomsBiosphereCellsCommunityEcosystemElectrolytesEnergyLife CycleMetabolismMoleculesOrgansOrgan SystemsOrganellesOrganismPlanetPopulationTissues

CardiovascularConnectiveDigestiveEmbryonicEndocrineEpithelialExcretoryIngestionIntegumentaryJointsLimbicLymphatic / ImmuneMeningealMuscularNervousNeuromuscularReproductiveRespiratorySkeletalUrinaryVascularWater BalanceYou and You aloneZygoclastic

AdiposeAreolarAstrocyteBasophilBloodBoneCardiacCartilageCellsCentralCiliatedColumnarCompactConnectiveCuboidalDenseEosinophilElasticEpendymalEpithelialErythrocytesFibrousFluidHyalineIrregularKeratinizedLeukocytesLoose

LymphLymphocyteMacrophageMicrogliaMonocyteMuscleNerveNeurogliaNeuronNeutrophilNon-ciliatedNon-keratinizedOligodendrocytesPeripheralPlateletsPseudostratifiedRegularReticularSatelliteSchwannSimpleSkeletalSmoothSpongySquamousStratifiedSupportiveTranstional

CarbohydratesElectrolytesLipidsNucleic AcidsProteins

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CARDIOVASCULAR

CODE IX CODE X

ABCDE


ABCABDACD

AortaAortic Semi-Lunar ValveAscending NodeBicuspid ValveBrachiocephalic TrunkCarotid ArteriesCoronary ArteriesCoronary VeinsHepatic Portal VeinInterventricular SeptumLeft AtriumLeft VentricleLungOxygenatedRight AtriumRight VentricleRight Answer on a different ExamRight to Know

ABEACEADEBCDBCEBDECDE


ABCDE

Pulmonary Artery Semi-lunar ValvePulmonary ArteriesPulmonary CapillariesPulmonary TrunkPulmonary VeinsSubclavian ArteriesSubclavian VeinsSystemicSystemic ArteriesSystemic CapillariesSystemic VeinsTricuspid ValveVena Cava

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REPRODUCTIVE

CODE XI ♂ CODE XII ♀

ABCDE

ABACADAEBCBDBECD

BladderCorpus cavernosumCorpus spongiosumDuctus deferensEjaculatory DuctEpididymisGlansProstateSeminal vesicleSeminiferous tubulesTestisUrethra

ABEACEADEBCDBCEBDECDE


ABCDE

BladderCervixClitorisEndometriumFimbriaeFollicleLabiaOocyteOvaryUrethraUterine tubeUterusVagina

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SKELETON

CODE Cranium Cranial Sutures / Articulations Face Accessory Thorax Ant

A Ethmoid Coronal Inf Nasal Conchae Auditory Ossicles Manubrium

B Frontal Frontal Maxillary Lacrimal Incus Costal False

C Occipital Lambdoid Mandible Malleus Costal Floating

D Parietal Frontonasal Maxilla Stapes Costal True

E Sphenoid Nasomaxillary Medial Nasal Conchae Hyoid Sternum Body

AB Temporal Sagittal Nasal Xiphoid Process

AC Squamous Palatine

AD Temporalzygomatic Vomer

AE Zygomatic

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

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CODE Vertebral Column Shoulder Upper Limb Pelvis Lower Limb

A Body Clavicle Capitate Coxal Calcaneus

B Canal Acromion Carpals Iliac Carpals

C Cervical Coracoid Distal Digits Ischium Cuboid

D Coccyx Scapula Hamate Pubic Distal Digits

E Column Spine of Scapula Humerus Femur

AB Costal Facet Lunate Fibula

AC Dens Metacarpals Hallux

AD Facet Mid Digits Intermediate Cuneiform

AE Foramina Pisiform Lateral Cuneiform

BC Inferior Articular Facet Pollex Medial Cuneiform

BD Inferior Costal Facet Proximal Digits Metatarsal

BE Inferior Notch Radius Mid Digits

CD Lamina Scaphoid Navicular Bone

CE Lateral Sesamoid Patella

DE Lumbar Trapezium Proximal Digits

ABC Pedicle Trapezoid Sesamoid

ABD Sacrum Triquetrum Talus

ABE Spinous / Spine Ulna Tarsals

ACD Sulcus Tibia

ACE Superior Articular Facet

ADE Superior Costal facet

BCD Thoracic

BCE Transverse

BDE Transverse Costal Facet

CDE Transverse Foramen

ABCD Transverse Process

ABCE Tubercle

ABDE Vertebrae

ACDE Vertebral Arch

BCDE Vertebral Body

ABCDE Vertebral Foramen

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Appendix continued

CODE Number / Count Relationship / Membership

Relationshipcontinued

Features / Processes / Fossa

Features / Processes / Fossa

continued

A 1 Accomodating Medial Acromion Neck

B 2 Anterior Posterior Angle Notch

C 3 Anterior Lateral Posterior Lateral Ant Cranial Olecranon

D 4 Anterior Media Postreior Medial Base Orbit

E 5 Appenducular Proximal Body Perpendicular Plate

AB 6 Axial Right Border Post Cranial

AC 7 Compensatory Right Hypochondriac Condyle Process

AD 8 Distal Right Inguinal Coracoid Pterygouid

AE 9 Epigastric Right Lumbar Crista Galli Ramus

BC 10 Hypogastric RLQ Dens Sacral Crest

BD 11 Inferior RUQ Diaphysis Sacral Foramina

BE 12 Inferior Lateral Superior Epicondyle Sella Turcica

CD 14 Inferior Medial Superior Lateral Epiphysis Sinus

CE 16 Lateral Superior Medial Facet Spine

DE 18 Left Umbilical Fossa Styloid

ABC 20 Left Hypochondriac Fovea Subscpaular

ABD 22 Left Inguinal Glenoid cavity Sulcus

ABE 24 Left Lumbar Head Supraspinatus

ACD 26 LLQ Infraspinatus Surface

ACE 28 LUQ Intercondylar fossa Temporal

ADE 30 Interosseous membrane Trochanter

BCD 33 Lacrimal Canal Tubercle

BCE 80 Lacrimal Groove Tuberosity

BDE 126 Lateral malleolus Zygomatic

CDE 206 Linae Aspera

ABCD 208 Mastoid

ABCE Medial malleolus

ABDE Mid Cranial

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

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Appendix continued

CODE Articulations Sutures Movement / Position Foramen / Orifice / Ovale Skeletal

Histology

A Acetabulum Ethmoid-Lacrimal Abduction Canal Bone

B Amphiarthrotic Frontal / Coronal Adduction Carotid Calcium Hydroxy Apetite

C Anterior Frontomaxillar Circumduction Cribiform Plate Canaliculi

D Ball & Socket Frontozygomatic Depression External Acoustic Cartilage

E Capsule Infero-Temporal Dorsiflexion Fissure Central Canal

AB Cartilaginous Intermaxillary Elevation Hypoglossal Chondroblast

AC Diarthrotic Internasal Eversion Infraorbital Chondrocyte

AD Elastic cartilage Lambdoidal Extension Intermnal Acoustic Chondroitin

AE Fibrocartilage Nasomaxillary Flexion Intervertebral Circumferential lamellae

BC Fibrous Occipitomastoidal Hyperextension Jugular Collagen

BD Fossa Parietomastoid Hyperflextion Lacerum Compact

BE Glenoid Sagittal Inversion Magnum Connective

CD Gomphoses Sphenofrontal Lateral extension Meatus Elastic cartilage

CE Hinge Sphenoparietal Lateral flexion Mental Endochondral

DE Hyaline Cartilage Sphenozygomatic Lateral rotation Obturator Fibrocartilage

ABC Inferior Squamosal Medial extension Pelvic Inlet / Outlet Hyaline cartilage

ABD Inter-Osseus Membrane Supra-Temporal Medial flexion Rotundum Intramembranous

ABE Intervertebral disc Suture Medial rotation Sacral Lacunae

ACD Lateral Temporal Opposition Sacral Canal Ossification

ACE Medial Temporozygomatic Plantar flexion Sacral Hiatus Osteoblast

ADE Meniscus Zygomaticomaxillary Pronation Spinosum Osteoclast

BCD Planar Protraction Transverse Osteocyte

BCE Sacroiliac Retraction Vertebral Osteon

BDE Symphyses Supination Spongy Trabecular Cancellous

CDE Synarthrotic Supportive

ABCD Synchondroses

ABCE Syndesmoses

ABDE Synostosis

ACDE Synovial

BCDE Synovial fluid

ABCDE

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