biodiversity. learning objectives define biodiversity and explain its value. identify current...
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Biodiversity
Learning Objectives Define biodiversity and explain its value. Identify current threats to biodiversity. Describe how biodiversity can be preserved.
The Value of Biodiversity
The total of all genetically based variation in all organisms in the biosphere
Types of biodiversity:
• ecosystem diversity
• species diversity
• genetic diversity
Valuing Biodiversity
• Contributes to medicine and agriculture• Maintains ecosystem goods and services• Enables organisms and ecosystems to adapt
Biodiversity and Medicine
Many medicines were first discovered in wild species.
information carried by diverse species is like a “natural library.”
Genetic
Biodiversity and Agriculture
Genetic diversity is important in agriculture.
Wild plants may carry useful genes.
Biodiversity and Ecosystems
Biodiversity can influence an ecosystem’s: • stability• productivity• value to humans
The presence or absence of a single can completely change an ecosystem.The presence or absence of a single can completely change an ecosystem.
keystone species
Threats to Biodiversity
• Altered habitats• Hunting• Invasive species• Pollution in food webs• Climate change
Parks Area
Hunting and Wildlife Product Demand
• Meat• Commercial value • Body parts • Sale as pets
Introduced Species, Pollution, Climates
Organisms introduced to new habitats can become invasive.
Many pollutants threaten biodiversity.
Climate change is a threat to:
biodiversity
ecosystem stability
Conserving Biodiversity
Conserving biodiversity includes:• Protecting individual species• Preserving habitats and ecosystems• Enabling human neighbors to benefit from conservation
Protecting Individual Species
The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) oversees plans to protect roughly 200 threatened and endangered species.
Ecological Hot Spots
Ecology and Local Interests
• Nature reserves as ecotourist attractions• Payment or tax incentives• Carbon credits
Overview
1. Areas that benefit from biodiversity include
, , and the stability and adaptability of ecosystems.
2. Humans reduce biodiversity by altering
.
3. Conserving biodiversity includes protecting
, preserving habitats and
ecosystems, and involving local .
medicinehabitatsspecies
ecosystemscommunitiesagriculture
medicine agriculture
habitats
ecosystems
communities