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Big Data – Application of Environmental Sensors for Building and Sustainable Environment
Dr. Zhi Ning
Deputy Director, Guy Carpenter Climate Change Centre
Assistant Professor, School of Energy and Environment
City University of Hong Kong
EMSD Summit 2016 Innovate HK
2School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Introduction
3School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Introduction
Sensor based Internet of Things as a solution for air
pollution and smart city application
4School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Issues with current practice
High interest by public for more personalized info and by
industry/government for more connected solutions as IoT
Traditional monitoring equipment
• High price and maintenance cost;• High precision but requires professionals.
“Professional "sensors
Lower cost but small, compact, easy for deployment;
Less precision but good performance in certain range.
Consumer grade sensors
• Cheap and small for personal and family usage;• Indication purpose, not scientifically reliable.
5School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Emerging technologies
Development of new materials
Advancement in MEMS
Nanotechnologies
More powerful computing in small size
Lighter, smaller and cheaper
Easy installation roadside to form network
Portable for easy application
Professional sensing technology
NO,NO2,O3,CO,SO2 ,CO2 and PM2.5/PM10
Benzene, VOC and others;
6School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Emerging technologies
Patents : PWG/PA/357/10/2013 (PRC,
US); PWG/PA/302/7/2012 (PRC).
Dispersive infrared absorption spectroscopy (DIRS)
for greenhouse gas (CO2) measurement
MEMS Febry-Perot
Interferometer
• 3900-5000 nm
• 10 nm resolution
• 8 seconds per scan
• +/- 0.8 ppm for 5 mins avg
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If you have any questions, please contact Dr. Zhi Ning at [email protected]
7School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
A paradigm shift in environmental sensing
“citizens’ observatories” to empower
citizens to contribute to and participate in
environmental governance,
8School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Energy and environment applications
Mobile
Outdoor
Indoor Personal
Fixed site
Roadside network
I o T I : How to connect things and
augment their impact to server energy
and environmental applications;
T: How to sense the environment
more accurately and in smaller size.
9School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Next generation sensor R&D
Flow chart of system development
Sensor selection
Sensor
tests
System design
Circuit design
OEMSystem
integrationSystem
tests
10School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Sensor test in lab
Specific test processes
– Precision & linearity
– Test limits
– Long term drift
– Temperature and RH
– Comparisons with
standard equipment
20 22 00 02 04 06 08 10
15
20
25
30
35
Sensor_Temp
Adj_CO_Diff_1
CO_step_V (mV)
Time
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
11School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
2015 HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL GREEN MARATHON AIR NETWORK
12School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Marathon and athlete health
Athletes are more sensitive to the surrounding
environment;
Air quality is a major concern of the media and
public;
Lack of information creates health concern among
participants.
13School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
2015 SC Green Marathon network
On the day of Marathon
14School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
2015 SC Green Marathon network
15School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
2015 SC Green Marathon network
16School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
3:07 4:19 5:31 6:43 7:55 9:07 10:19 11:31 12:43
CO
/ p
pm
TST COTST CO
Traffic control is
effective to keep air
pollution levels low
before and during the
race
After lifting traffic
control a clear
difference is shown in
the roadside.
0
100
200
300
400
500
NO
/p
pb
TST NONOx Concentration
before/after traffic control
Passing-by motorcycles
created spikes of CO
17School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Campus network in CityU
Indoor and outdoor monitoring with cloud display
• Temp/RH
• CO2
• PM2.5
• NO/NO2
• TVOC
• Formaldehyde
• Wifi/GSM/Zigbee
• Ethernet
18School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Network data for energy usage
Ventilation and air conditioning system diagnostics
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 2 3 4 5 6
Car
bo
n d
ioxi
de
(PP
M)
Day
week 1 week 2
26.5
27
27.5
28
28.5
29
29.5
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
tem
per
atu
re (
C)
carb
on
dio
ixd
e (p
pm
)
Hour
LT13_CO2
LT13_TEMP
19School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong19
• Bus mobile sensor platform
• Compact and multipollutant
solutions for PM2.5,NO2,SO2,CO2 (traffic pollutants)
• GPS, traffic speed, OBD data
synchronization and real time
transmission
Internal external
Bus platform for sensor network
20School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Kowloon Tong to HK island
Causeway Bay to Yuen Long
• Real time pollution map from two
routes
• Roadway network emission and
air quality modelling;• Hotspot identification and
evidence based policy making
Bus platform for sensor network
21School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Traffic data analysis
combined analysis
Certain streets have
different “pollutability”
with street canyons,
urban design features
Local transport policy
will be cost effective:
Impact of low emission
zone?21
Bar: traffic volume; Line: Pollutant
Bus platform for sensor network
22School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
OGV ship emission and port area air quality
23School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
UAV based sensing platform
Carbon balance for ship emissions
Vertical profiling
Path
Radio
Path and command
USB cable, SDK
Path and command
Programming
Data
UART
Wi-Fi Data
24School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
OGV ship emission and port area air quality
Will low sulfur fuel switch improve port and
area air quality? And how much?
SO2, NO2, PM2.5?
Is there any enforcement or evaluation tool
for such policy implementation?
25School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Development of Personal Exposure Kit (PEK)
Personalized air quality
Avoid health issues for susceptible population
26School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Personal health indicator
– PM sensor and NO2 sensor
– 3-axis accelerometer, noise sensor, light sensor
– Temp/RH sensor
– Encrypted Q-R code for online survey
27School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Personalized exposure assessment
28School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Hong Kong Technology
From local significance to global impact.
CityU sensors
We contribute to the preservation of
the World Heritage
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Last Supper in
Milan, Italy
29School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong
Ending remark
Internet of Things is powerful concept
Huge potential for application in smart city,
energy, environment;
Development of the sensing technology as
data source input for IoT;
Environmental and energy applications.
Thanks!