big bang, black holes, no mathtobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/lectures/this... · 2020. 8....

IntroductionTopic 2: Going Big

Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math

1


ASTR/PHYS 109Dr. David TobackLectures 2 & 3



Prep For Today (is now due) – L3• If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension. All this is posted in the lecture notes!!• Reading:

– BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1-4): Was due already – Recommended Reading (not required): BHOT: Chap. 1-3, SHU: Chap. 1-2, TOE: Chap. 1

• eCampus Stuff– Read Course Organization description on the main course page

• http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/CourseOrganization.pdf– Read eCampus Instructions on the main course page: Was due already

• http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help.pdf– Warm-up Quizzes

• Extensions granted if needed. [email protected]• Warm-up Quizzes Part 1: Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I: Was due already• Warm-up Quizzes Part 2, Quiz 1-6: Was due before class• Warm-up Quizzes Part 3, single Quiz: Will assign today

– If you need additional attempts, follow the instructions or fill out the worksheet• http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/RequestingAttemptsWorksheet.xlsx• How to get to your old submission information

http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help.pdf#page=4• Pre-Lecture Reading Questions:

– Read Instructions on the main course page: Reading was due already• http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines.pdf

– PLRQ Unit 1 quiz• Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1-3. Two parts A & B. • Will assign today

• End-of-Chapter Quizzes:– Nothing assigned (Will assign EOC 2 when we finish Chapter 2)

• Honors Section:– Start working on Stage 0, send an email this week 3



How the course is organized

Next few slides are on course organization,

grades etc…http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/CourseOrganization.pdf

(page 2-35) Andhttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/ClassSchedule.pdf

• Overview: Grades, Course website, FAQ• Other Stuff• eCampus Quizzes• PLRQ Reading• Warmups

5



How the course is organized

Next few slides are on course organization,

grades etc…http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/CourseOrganization.pdf

(page 37-44) Andhttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/ClassSchedule.pdf

• More on eCampus Quizzes and how to get help• Grades Late Penalties

6

Big Bang & Black Holes Course Organization Document

Pre-Lecture Reading Questions (PLRQ)

21


Pre-Lecture Reading Questions• It is important to learn how to ask good science questions (or tell if a question is good scientifically), and to be well prepared for Lecture

• For these reasons we will have a number of PLRQ Assignments– Quizzes

• In the “Quizzes” folder, then go to “PLRQ Quizzes”

• Ten questions per Unit, 6 Units (First quiz is broken into two parts)

– Written assignment to be submitted (more on this later)

• Guidelines for what we are looking for at

22

http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines.pdf


How can I tell if a question is well asked?

1.Is it obvious the question-asker read the Unit (or rather, is it not obvious that they didn't read)?

2.Is the question relevant to this unit's reading?

3.Is the question clear and well-phrased? 4.Does it reflect critical thinking? 5.Is it relevant to the science of the

reading?23


Two Types of PLRQ Assignments1. Quizzes, Units 1-6

– Each Unit has a quiz with 10 questions where you evaluate the quality of each question• Quiz 1 is actually broken into two pieces

– Designed to help you decide if it’s a good question– Feedback will help you learn about whether it is

good, and contain some physics answers– Won’t get the same questions for each quiz– The grades for each are just the highest grade

you achieve. Unlimited attempts, but need to ask for more after Attempt 5

2. Submit your own questions for Unit 2– Pass/Revise until you get 4 excellent questions– You write your own questions and submit to the

PLRQ Unit 2 Written Assignment Quiz in the same folder (will be graded by hand)

24


End-of-Chapter Quizzes• There are End-of-Chapter quizzes for each chapter– Helps ensure you have a good knowledge of

some of the important FACTS for each chapter

– Will be done online, using eCampus– Need 50% any quiz to move to later quizzes– Are assigned AFTER we finish the chapter

in lecture, and due before the next lecture– If you need more attempts, follow the

standard instructions38


EOC Quizzes Continued• When you are finished with Warmups 1-3, the End-Of-Chapter Quizzes folder becomes available– In the “Quizzes” folder, then go to “End-

of-Chapter Quizzes” folder– The Chapter 1 is actually a reminder

“How to ask for more attempts Quiz”– After you are done with that you move to

Chapter 2– EOC quiz due AFTER we finish the

chapter in lecture39


More Stuff About Grades

41


More Detail on Grades, Revisions and Pass/Revise/Fail

• For the online eCampus quizzes:– Warmup Quizzes (including AMS):

• These are not counted as part of your grade. • All except AMS are Pass/Revised. You must keep taking them until you get a

100%. AMS only gets one try (just do the best you can)• You will have unlimited attempts to pass for all quizzes excluding AMS (again, just

one try, do the best you can). If you need more than 5 attempts you will have to do a Request for Additional Attempts following the instructions at http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help.pdf#page=3

– EOC quizzes are not Pass/Revise. You will get unlimited attempts to get the grade you want for each quiz. If you need more than 5 attempts you will have to do a Request for Additional Attempts following the instructions above• There is a second AMS quiz which is not part of your grade before EOC 20 opens

– For the PLRQ:• Main quizzes you get unlimited attempts to get the grade you want (can get a 0%)• Written assignment is pass/revise (4 excellent questions = 100%)

• For Papers: – Papers 1-4 will have grades on a curve. You can do revisions. Not pass/revise

• Late penalties– There are late penalties for all assignments

42


Regrades and Revisions•If you think you were misgraded on ANY assignment, send an email to [email protected]•Revisions, resubmissions, additional attempts are allowed for many assignments, and we are here to help you do better

44



7

Going Big – Chapter 2• You have to get started somewhere

• Start by looking at the various things in the universe –Go from sizes we know to the VERY big

• After that we’ll do the very small–Chapter 3



11

Bigger still…

The Statue of Liberty in New York

10 meters (or about 30 feet)



12

Keep going…

100 meters or about a football field, or 102 meters



13

Starting to get out there…

1 kilometer or 103 meters

Manhattan and the Hudson river



14

Even bigger… use an airplane•Can see the grid structure of Manhattan

• Important to the story?Yes! Can tell us a LOT about how New York City was constructed!

10 kilometers or 104 meters



Go to Drawings

15

• Manhattan• Statue of Liberty

• Atlantic ocean

100 kilometers or 105 meters



16

Yet bigger…•The eastern coast of the U.S.

• If we looked at photos we would see no evidence of human life except for lights at night

1000 km or 106 meters (1 Megameter)



17

The Earth from SpaceNow we can see most of the Earth, but we can’t see the streets

107 meters!



18

More Earth

The Earth is a ball (sphere) in space

108 meters!



19

More Drawings

109 meters, a billion meters (a gigameter), a million miles

The Earth

Orbit of the Moon (27.3 days)



20

The Earth orbiting the Sun• The Earth on its trajectory around the sun

• The Moon going around the Earth

1010 meters!



21

Earth around the Sun

• Orbit of the Earth– Yellow circle is the Moon’s orbit

• Orbit of Venus1011 meters!



22

The Inner Planets• Mars, Earth, Venus

and Mercury orbiting the Sun

• All the planets move in the same direction (counterclockwise in this picture)

• A clue that something important is/was going on?

1012 meters!~A billion miles!



Prep For Next Time – L3• If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension.

All this is posted in the lecture notes!!• Reading:

– BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1-4): Was due already – Recommended Reading (not required): BHOT: Chap. 1-3, SHU: Chap. 1-2,

TOE: Chap. 1• eCampus Stuff

– Warm-up Quizzes• (Warm-up Quizzes Parts 1 & 2)• Warm-up Quizzes Part 3, single Quiz: Due before next class

• Pre-Lecture Reading Questions:– Read Instructions on the main course page

• http://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines.pdf– Unit 1 quiz, parts A & B: Due before next class

• Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1-3• End-of-Chapter Quizzes:

– If we finished Chapter 2 then End-of-Chapter quizzes 1 & 2 (else just above)• Honors Section:

– Need to be working on Stage 0, send an email this week 42



Useful Links• Course Websitehttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109• Course Organizationhttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/CourseOrganization.pdf• Class Schedulehttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/ClassSchedule.pdf• eCampus Instructionshttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help.pdf

• PLRQ Instructionshttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines.pdf• Lecture Noteshttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/Lectures/• Papers and Peerceptivhttp://tobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/WritingAssignments/Papers_and_Peerceptiv.pdf

44



45

Full Set of Readings So Far•Required: BBBHNM: Chap 1-4•Recommended:–BHOT: Chap. 1-3–SHU: Chap. 1-2–TOE: Chap. 1

big bang, black holes, no mathtobackgroup.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/lectures/this... · 2020. 8....

Documents