Space does not permit the enumeration of all the Much remains to be discovered, and chemists who aid chemical facts known about Yellowstone. Nor is i t to in the solution of the many unsolved problems will con- be imagined that the knowledge we already have can tribute to a better understanding and greater apprecia- fully explain all the chemical phenomena found there. tion of this remarkable region.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

(1) ALLEN, E. T. AND A. L. DAY, "Hot springs of the Yellowstone University Press. New Yark City, 1938, 64 pp. National Park." Carnexie Institute of Washinaon. D. C.. (4) KEARNS. W. E.. "Death Gulch in 1888. 1897. and in 1936." . ~ ~ . . Washington, D. C., 19% 525 pp. Ycllmrtonc Nature N o h , 13, Nos. 9 and 10, 52 (1936).

(2) BAUER, C. M., "A preliminary paper on the geology of the (5) KNOWLTON. F. H., "The fossil forests of the Yellowstone Na- Yellowstone National Park." U. S. Deot. of the Interior. tional Park." U. S. Government Printine Office. Washinc- - ~ ~ ~ ~- ~~~~ " ~ - - ~ . ~ ~ - -~-" ~ a t i o n a i park ServiceT ~eliow&one ~ & k . Wyoming. (A ton. D.C., '1929, 29 pp. preliminary paper for the use of ranger naturalists.) 15 pp. (6) OBBRHANSLBY, F. R., YeZlovlstonc Nalurc Notes, 15, Nos. 9 and

(3) Howhno, A. D., "Yellowstone through the ages." Columbia 10.49 (1938).

BIBLIOGRAPHY for GENERAL CHEM- ISTRY from SEVERAL PERIODICALS*'t

111. FORTUNE MAGAZINE$

Volume 1 (19110) through 18 (19118)

HUBERT N. ALYEA

Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey

IWI. Sand into #ass Forfunr. 1. 69. 1930 i f e b r u o r y ) . Chcmieal com. position ol elnrr rsra mefctial rourecr, mnnufacture. art;-tie illnrr- r h r e . 8 lpicturcs. Pogrhr: rou motrriolt. prrrrrrrr, Wodunr. 20 m8"

602. Diamond r. emerald, ruby, and sapphire. Farlunr, 1. 49, 1930 (March). Diamond Jim Bmdy, emerald, ruby, sapphire, Diamond syndicate, prices. 8 colored plates. Popular: propartier, economics. 25 mi".

603. Aluminum Co. of America. Fortunr. I, 68. 1930 ( b l o r r h ) . Ilall'r process cnrly orpnniraliau. Aluminum Co. e o l v a fabnraltog field.

604. Petroleum. Fonunc. 1. 47. 1930 fA4r i lL Oil resources. the re- . . . . . finer., over-produetioo, restriction. ~ h c Texas carioration. Ibid., 1, 49. Corporate history, production etatirtics. Prospecting. IUd.. 1. 51. Location ol oil. Drilling for oil. Ibid., 1. 62. Dtib, -

* Contribution from the Frick Chemical Laboratom of Prince- tan University.

t The purpme of this bibliography and its methcd of compila- tion are outlined in Part I, J. CHEM. Eouc., 13.76-81 (1936). See also Part 11. ibid.. 13. 540-544 (1936).

f All of the artides from Fortune Manazifline are ~ooular: and some contain very little textbook chemisiry. But the-author has found them invaluable as sourw-material both fur himself and for the student interested in the geological, geographical, eco- nomic. and financial aswcts of industrial chemisuv. I n addition. the photographs and chared plates are superb.

$ Numbers 1-300 are res&wl lor C h i m t w l b .Ue lo l lu r&d Engrneenng; numbers 301600, for I ndur l r io l und E n y i n t r r i q Chrmislry; numbers 601-900, for Forfume .\fagozinc.

mechanics of drilling, rejuvenating. ReBning. Did. , 1. 55. Dis- tillation, cracking, condensation of natural gas, hydrogenation. Shipping. Pipink 13 pictures, 2 portraits, 2 colored maps* of oil wells and dirttibution. Pa9ul.x hislow, row molnial. ~rocrrscr.

Copper briefly considered. F m u n r . 1. 70, 1930 (Apr i l ) . Copper before the war, cost and ptiee, Africa" copper. World'. Record Hill. Ibid.. 1, 71. Formation of Utah Copper land, discovery, or- ganization of Utah Copper Co.. production, miners. Daniel Jack- l i n ~ . Life. financine. war service in uolo=ives. interest in A f t i r ~ -. . ~ ~~. ~ ~~~~~~ ~- ~-~~~-.. 6 pieturns, bneeolored plate*of the Brigham open pit mine. Populor: hisloricnl, row molrrinl$. cconomicr. 35 mi". Gold, metal, and money. Fovlurr, 1, 38, 1930 (Mar). East Afti"ao miner, indu~ttial usas , other source., necessity for gold reserves, position taken by the United States. Emropean action. ID pictures, 2 colored plate . Popular: proparliar, rconomicr, Iuroncr, no chcminry. 35 mi*. Paper and power. F a l m e , 1.65, 1930 (Marl . International Paper Company timber, activities, paper power, steps io making newaptint. 10 picture.. Po9ulor: mu malariolr, processes, economics, no chcm- i rny . 25 min. A bovrgeois engine. Forlunc, 1, 64, 1930 (June). Diesel engine, advantages. limitations, marine engines, electric power. semistatloo. ary power, aircraft, lommotives, automobiles. 2 pictures, 1 por- trait, 1 diagram* of cylinders in action. Papulor: h%r~oricol, proper- t k . z o m i n . Allied shemicaland dye. Fo'arluna. 1.81. 1930 (June). Unrommuni- cative, its leaders, 192C~30, almf, allied products, nitrogen fixation details and statistics, Allied forcer. Mevcr and Weber. PoDulac hisloricol, procesrrr, groduor, ecanomirs, fmonciol. Chemical: rc search. 30min. Properties r. principles. Forl%nc. 1. 84, 1930 Lfun4. Pure vs. applied science. Lavoisier, Frary phmgene, Langmvir tungsten.

nraenntc sprays, soybean, pest-resistant crop, farm by-products, quacks, some common cancers. 6 pictures. Populor: hislaricol, Department organization. 25 pictures. 6 colored plates. Popwinr: proparfirs. Biological. I hr. praducfr, prapmics. 50 mi". 719. Koppers. Forlure, 15. 66, 1937 ( A w i l ) . W i d d u n g coal by- Colgate-Palmolive-Poet. F a l m c . 13, 120. 1936 (APliO. Firencia1 products, coke's progress, war, changing interests, Sovthern mining. comeback, extensive products, rise of Colgnte, Pdmolive soap, soap engineering utilities. Rust succeeded by Tierney, coal, coke, gas, tar production costs, advertising, competitive markets for soaps and derivatives. 11 pictures, 5 colored plates, 4 portraits. Populor: creams. world markets. 17 oictures. PoOulor: Oloducts. cronomirs. hirlmicnl. mw molbriolr. Oror~ssds. Omduls. aconomirr. lilllc cham- . . . . Bnonciol, no chmirlry. 40 mi*. ishy. 40min. The U. S. Steal Corporation: n. Fortune, 13. 126, 1836 (Apr i l ) . 720. Armstrong cork. Forrunr, IS, 102, 1937 (Mny) . Lancaater, Penn- Soeial interest. ~ r i e e and labor oolideo have affected national sylvania: cork from S ~ a i n . linseed oil. comonnv's develooment. economy, current history, npedal demands of zutomohile industry, government action. 2 pictures. 4 graphs showing price movemeots. Popular: cmromim, no rhamis1ry. I h*. 20 min. Tho wonders of diet. P m L n r , 13.86, 1936 (Mar) . Motley human diets, reactions of the stomach, dietary fads, reducing, vitamins. Ap- pendix: diet primer, the 5 foods, food into weight, digestion, allergy. 9 pietures. 6 colored plates, 3 portraits. 1 exeellent colored chart' showin. caloric value of common foods. PoOulor: OroOerties. . . Biolapical. 40 mi%. The U. S. Stssl Corporation: Ill. Foriunr, 13, 92, 1936 ( M a y ) . Employees, corporate philosophy, welfare and warfare, bark wage of national importance, breakdown of the system, ncddent prevention, housing. 9 pictures. Popular: aranomics. no chnnirhy. 1 h ~ . Name, Sshenley; age, three. Forlxrc, 13,99, 1936 ( M a y ) . Policy, management, making whiskey, history, costs. 7 pictures, 3 colored plater, 4 portrait% Populnr: proccsrcs, reanomirr, fmoncc, no rham- irlry. 50 min. Owens a&, and why. Forlsnr, 13. 112, 1936 ( M a y ) . Glau bottler, r i r of Owenr-Illinois, construction blocks, glau fiber bats. 6 pietures, 2 colored plates.* Populnr: procrrrcs, groducls, no charnixfry. 30 mi". $57,0oO,OoO for valves. Forlunc, 13, 76, 1936 (June). Crane valvco, their use in chemical industry. 16 pictures.* 4 portraits. F o p d m : Produrrs, economics, no chamisfry. Enninccrinn: cguip- m n l dcsian. 30 min. U. S. Steel Carooration. N. F a n u n . 13. 113. 1936 (June). TNhv . . . . . u. s. steel has pleased neither stockholders, customers, nor em- ployers: will present olanr sdve its dilemma. M v o n Tnvlar. 4 iictures. 18 p i r t ra i t s . Popular: fmoncrol, no rhcm&y. 1 hr. Men, yen, and -shines. F a l m r , 14, 67. 1936 (Seplmmbd. Japrnerc efficiency, geography, monopolintie industtie% Mitsui con- trol, natural rerourrca. ehcap labor, fiosx$clnl eonlml Japan's industries cotton. raw *ilk, rayon. v,uulcns. rheminlr, crrrmic, 3 ~.irlurrs 10 ourtrait% 6 excellent mlorcd chart. ' I'obulor: row . . morniols, produas, cronomirs, fmnnrc. 45 min. The proof of the pudding. F m l m r , 14, 76. 1936 ( S e m d c r ) . Japanese profits 1935, efficiency balancer Lack of raw matetiall, yen depredation, export baom, trade restriction%, Mnnehukuo, national budget. 7 pictures. Popular: row molcriolr, economics. f iwnrc, no chmmirfry. 45 min. Element nvmber forty-two. Forlunc, 14, 105. 1936 (Oclob~r). Climax Molybdenum owns 95 per cent. of all in sight, discovery, mining, history, compositions of special pteel., monopoly. 10 picture., 3 portraits. Fapulor: row molrriols, produclr. pmpwlirr, ccanamicr. firanre. *om# rhamistrv. 50 mi". . . "I Am What Mr. Roosevelt Calls pn Economic Royalist." E. T. W m x Forlunc. 14, 118, 1936 (Orrobn). Financial problems in managing the National Steel Corporation. 2 pictures, 3 superb colored plated showing steel factories. Populov: finance, M chcm- i s W . 40 mi". The rolling tire. Falunr . 14.98, 1936 (Nosembar). Rubber profit^. Commerce Clause effects, Akron, tire men, price cutting, cotton, plantation, better tires, management and labor. 12 pictures, 3 por- traits, one colored. Papwlol: hiaorirol, propcnics, cronomira.fmonc~, no chcmialn. I hr. 3 0 mi%. Anaconda: I. Farunc, 14, 82, 1936 (Dcrcmb~r). Copper statistier, international Anaconda, Butte prorpuity, smelters, refinen, dis- covery of copper a t Butte, use of Anaconda, Chile, mergers, end to exoansion. Comer: world sommoditr. Ibid.. 94. Prices.

marks, propaganda, cheap, mars terror. g-r, developmentof ma=ks, phydalogieal effect. 22 pictures, 1 diagram of mask Populor: drodudr. O,od8*l.rs. Chnni~al . 50 mi". .. . Anaconda: n. Palunr . 15, 70. 1087 ( lonuor)) . Aonmnda mcr- gcrr. b r a s market, modern alloya. maoazrmmf. r a l c ~ drvelub,menf d uiclurcs. I s u w b colored olatcs of cooocc fsbnration. P,orlor:

Pioneer withut profit. F a l u r r , 15. 83, 1937 (Pelnuary). E. G. Budd bvilds all steel avtomohile bodies and stainless steel trains. expansionin Europe, depression, r i r of stainleusfeel. Budd personnel. 9 pictures, 6 portraits. PoPulor: fnnncc, no chamisfry. 50 mi*. Cancer: tho weat dlrlmssa. Falrmr, 15. 112, 1937 (March). Doctor-patient problemo, r-areh fuodr, histmy of cancer, death rates, normal tissue, tumors nod cancer eella, noninfectious, virus or not, heredity, irritation, eaoeereauoing agents, treatment by X ray.

Scrap is an issue. Faiunc, 15, 119. 1937 ( M o y ) . Value of scrap Iron, u r in furnaces, types of junk dealers' scrap, history, finanrial handling 6 excellent pictures,* 3 portraits. Popular: hidoricol, OroOnlics. cconomics. t inoxrid. 25 mi". . . . . . Tho benevolent St. Joe. Forlunr. 15.92, 1937 (June). St. Joseph Lead Co. price slash, lead bclt geology, production, rise, price rtrue- ture, Appendix: zinc and gold economics. Ibid., page 146. Pay, s t . Joseph labor, lead poisoning 10 picture., 2 portraits. Popalor: row ma*rialr, e c a m m i c s , f i n o ~ i n l . 45 min. Smoke. Forlune, 15, 100, 1937 (Jurc) . Some chemical smokes, world smokes, smoke survey in U. S. A.. damages. smoke eliminators. abatement, London smoke. 3 pictures. Populor: proprrlirr. Chrmi- cal. 2 0 n i n . Mmtery: The American Viscose Corp. Forlrrc. 16, 38. 1937 (July) . Biggest rayon producers. London owned, financial history. manvfaetvring details, American promotion, competition, research development. 10 pictures. Also "And who will weave it?" Ibid., page 44: Burlington Mills rayon fabric. financial development. profits, %uceero. 4 eolored plates. 1 por fdf . Fopulor: hisrorirol, raw morrriolr, prorcssrr, products, cconomics, fnanrc. Chemical. I lrr r0 mi.

~ .... "Cryhg and crying" (oil). Forhnr, 16, 60, 1937 (July) . Oil well supply man, location of wells, National Supply Company, distributor of oil well equipment, climbs phenomenally, tough competition, sell- ing practices, deeper wells, unit pumps. 17 pictures. Populor: ~ ~ a d u d r . bnoncial. nochamislrr. 55 min. Grand Coulee. Forrurr, 16. 79, 1937 (July) . Statistics on the Grend Coulee Dzm. 17 pictures, 1 colored plate. 1 map. See also: APortfolia of AcwDePl Reconstmction. Ibid., 14, 76. 1936 (Novem- bar). Other government eoostruetions. 13 pictures. Union Bag and Paper Corp. Faluna. 16. 46. 1937 ( A u z u n ) . Bag markets. financial mismanaaement and rucmu. 1930 orerident. other personnel, Southern pilp, cost of production, machines, th; future. 7 pietures. 2 colored plater, 1 portrait. Fopulnr: mw mo- Icrinls, cronomicr, pnoncio1, no rhrmiary. M mi*. Theymag hare neededolygen. Fmlunr. 16.61.1937 (Augun) . For- frnc prapore~ and defends theory that pilots' emon a t high altitudes are caused by oxygen deficiency. 3 pictures. Chemical: properties, rrrcnrrh. 30 m i l . Gvlf Oil. Forixnr. 16, 78. 19.17 ( O r m b r r , . I'm col~rptiwr, .\lclloo 081 yruvlh ol Ctrlf Oll.Sjentifi..~,rulpn.ting. 1)mkr scrroglhcn. mar- kcungaod rcformsGulf Oil. m South Amcnm 20 pictures. I colored t h t c . I onn nit. I cvlorcd ma^' ul Gulf 0.1 in thr wurld. P o ~ u b r : . . . m w molarinlr, rc&omirr, no c h h i r l r y . 45 n i n . Economics of paper. Fonunr. 16,110,1937 (October). Tremendous consum~tion. ~roblemr, timber, ~of fwwd rdr, hi3torv and modern diseou&es, iniegrnted mills. kinds of pap& &tom&. Paper U. Piftasn Paper Companies, Ibid., 132, 1937 (Nosember). No arsipn- m a t . 4 pictures. 1 diagram of papcr-making machine. 3 colored maps* showing world forests nnd paper capacities. PoPulor: raw malniolr. drocrssrs. broduclr. cconomirs. no chrmirlw. 40 mix. . . . .

*731. Painting restoration. Forlunr, 16, 127, 1937 ( N o a r d d . Paor restorations, preservation of martcrpieerr; use of X-my, infm-red. ultra-violet, chemical analysis, photomicrography; some delicate rc~forationn. 3 pictures, 6 excellent eolored phtcr.* 3 portraits. PoOulor: 9roccsrcs. 35min. Chemical industry. Forlunr, 16, 82, 1937 (Dcrmmbrr). Modern research methods: Midgley, Kettering, I. Ctit. Tables. LeBlane Soda: cheap necessity. contemporarieo of LeBlane, industries revo- lutionized by its di&ovay, now outmoded. Chemical industry: creates bettcr-than-nature products from common substance>. knows whither it goes. Chemical industry: its youth, growth by demand, rise in U. S. A. Chemical indvstry policies: shift in products, effi- ciency, lower price% co6peration. products on demand, legal impetus, fashions, does not want war. Industrial chemistry n. Ibid., page 162. First synthetic dye discovered, Solvay process for alkali super cede^ LeElane's. petroleum ir distilled, electrolysis gsinr im- portance. Prasch mines sulfur, sulfuric neid, chlorine, ammonia and nitrozeo. hvdroen. 3 oietures. 2 colored dates. 1 chart* of orindoal . . . - . . . . raw materials. Papulnr: hirioricol, maw nzolwinls, ~ o c c s r c r , products. W o t n l i c s . economics. Chcmicol: rescorch. I hr. 20 win. ~ ~

733. South America U. Peru. Forlwzr, 17.48, 1938 (January). Minin- fure South America, trade balance; life in Sicmar, mountains, e a s t ;

&Reprints of this article may still he obtained, st fifteen cents apiece, from Porlunr. 135 East 42nd Street, New York City.

economies. U. S. capital, foreign capital: politics, improvement.. Popdor: row molerials, economics, no rhcmirlry. I hr. 30 mi". Sonth American I: The Continent. Ibid.. 16. 92, 1937 (Dccrmbn). NO alrignmln,. Coal at e profit: Island Creek. F a n n r , 17, 88, 1938 (March). Wert Virginia mine, profits, coal demand, poor location, gwd coal, history of mine, prices, problems. government regulntioo. 3 pie- tures. 6 colored dates. Pobulo*: row moleriols. economicr. lillk chamistry. I hr. South America llI: Chile. Porlrmc. 17.74, 1938 (Moy). Crmtem- poreneous picture, war collapse, the people, atandard of living, social problem, Guggenheim copper, industry, foreign investments, re- organization of the nation, agriedture, wages, politic$. future. 9 pictures, 3 colored plates, 1 colored portrait. Popular: row molrrialr, ~ronomirr. I h,. IS mi". Blintabbatey Plonatim, B P ~ . Fml%m, 17.53, 1938 (Juna). Hudson

.. . - . . cadmiu&, fellu&m, selenium.; world prices, future. 4 pictures. 10 colored plate.. 3 portraits. Po9ular: hislorical, row molrrinlr, p o c - rrr,r rmnnmirr rhrmirnl 4s mix -. . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , The deepest holein the world. Ibrlune. 18.50.1938 (July). Statir- ticson oil wdl K. C.L. A-2 inCalifornia, possibility of 25.000 feet wells. oil prospecting methods, digging technic, progress in drilling K. C. I,. A-2. 1 picture, exeellent e m u - ~ b i o n * of the hole. Popular: proccrrcr, economics. Enpinecrinp: ryuipmanl &sign. 20 mi". Corn Products. Forrwc. 18, 55. 1938 (Scplanrbefl. Biggest re- fining industry, rtatirticr, evolution of Corn Products Refining Co.. overseas bu=iness, the procesn,* price of corn and tapioca, candy, earnings. 9 pictures, 1 colored ehsn* of corn products. ~apwlor: wocrssra. 4rodurls. rronomics. 50 mi". . . In the light of Polaroid. Falunr , Is, 74, 1938 (Scphmber). Vnrt outlet for Polaroid, objects viewed through Polaroid, history of its development, haw i t works, headlights, prospects. 6 picture., 1 colored plate. 1 diagram. Popular: hislmical, mducrs, firopnlicr. cronamim. 3omin.

740. Inland Steel. Porrunc, 18. 40, 1938 (Onobr). Mills at Inland Harbor, Indiana, 1938 price cut starts ofeel war. growth of Inland Steel, subridiaries, business, eosfr of steel,* extras, basic rules, 1938 prices, future. 1 pieture, 7 colored plates,* 1 colored map* on the strategy of steel. Papuler: hiaaricol, row molerialr, rcoromici, financial. so mi".

SUBJECT INDEX Starred (*) articles are recommended. Articles in parentheses

() furnish incidental information only.

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Arranged arcording to the Periodic Table)

Group 0 Jmrt gases.-(*654). He,-(*610, 634).

11

I b

n a

n b I n b N b

Vb

VIa Vlb

M b m

HI--*732 (*023). N 1 , 4 1 2 , (-32. 834. 883, 670). K,- %48. Cu,-805, 627, 9 1 4 (645, 823, 735, 736). Ag.461, 656, $689 (*838, 'I%). Au ,406 , %33, %53,672, 690, %96, *716, (722, 730). Be,-(602, 623, 631). M&',-(621. 668). Ca,--29, 844, (*097). Ra.465. Znr(*889, 722. 736). Cd.-(730). 8.-$046. A1.403. 074. (002, 645, 088). Si,-(*%lo, $612, *669). Glassr*601, 617, 620, 637, 666, 063, 708, 739. Csramiw.-709. Silicates.424, 071, 684. (668). Sn,-439, 070. Pbr722. (678, %89, 700). Ammonia,-%15, -43, 062, -32, (*609). HNO2,-(634). Bertilizers,-*643, (735). Nlhsto crploslress%15. -43, -92, (-78. 735). P.-(634). As,-(700). 0 - 7 W,-(*6lO). 0,-728, (-54). S,-*616, '732. HISOI,--732, ('618, 034). Se,-(730). Te,-(738). Halogens,-821. CI .412. "132, (*610, 834, 676). 8 , 4 2 1 . Be,--010. 622, 823. 824, *628, 640. 657. 062. 694, *698, 704. 708. 712, 717, 721, 740. N i 7 Special *Lloys.-622, 640, 711. 717, 740, (603, '648, 673, 702).

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Carbon, oxides, and carbonates. C .402 , *810. 688. 887, 718, (*623).

COI-%42. 18341. Carbonates.-*629. 644. 1663. -32).

-..-.. .... ..., .... me. waxes, soaps, and oil*. 032. 701, (635, 720). Boods. 703, (*610, *023, '842. -48. 070). See General Organic. Fuels. 826, 877, 719. Cod-418 . 635. 659, 734. Diesel.408, *680.

Oil,404,019.835.847,725,729. *732,737. General Oraanic. Alcohals.493. (*610, $854). Beverages.430. W65,

060. 088. 693, 895, 705. Coal-tar derivatives (-91. 719). Cork.-720. Corn products.-738. Hydrocarbons,-(%23, '054). Paints,-603. '681, (-78). Plaatien,-*699, ('610. 623. -91). Rubber .414, 664, 713, (016). Textiler.478. 082. Tohaeeo,493.

MISCELLANEOUS Art. 601, '817,731. Biographical. 075, 681, (810). Branches of chemistry. Biochemistry-%I, *841, 601, 718. 722. 728.

Photocheminm,-*038, *641. 739, (620. '731). General Inorganic. Apparatus,-707. Cement.-%84, (726). Shelter,-

(668, 624). Smoke.-723. Water,--&% Natural resources. United State=,-004, 018, 622, 624. '833, W47, *848,

650, 658, 659, *689. 722, 729. Other countr ie~.414. 619, 836, *6.53, *709,710.733,736. (006, *627,631, *843,673,686.729.736),

War. 056, 867,879. 683. '115.

MAGIC and SCIENCE of NATURAL HEALING WATERS

OSKAR BAUDISCH

State Research Institute, of the Saratoga Spa, Saratop Springs, New York

"Es ist immer schon, wenn man das Unbegreifliche als wirklich vor sich sieht."-Xoethe.

"It delights us whenever the inconceivable becomes reality before our very eyes."

(Translation by Professor C. F. Schreiber, Yale University.)

T HE writer has been assigned the task of discussing the nature and application of natural healing waters. I am fully aware that this is not only a

diicult but also a rather thankless undertaking., since - - Presented before a meeting of Sigma Xi a t Rensselaer Poly-

technic Institute, Troy, N. Y., December 9, 1938.

natural healing waters are not very highly esteemed in this country. I have one advantage, however, in that I write not as a physician, but only as a simple chemist. Since inorganic and analytical chemistry have profited remarkably by the interest and the ex- perimental work put into natural mineral waters by the founders of modem chemistry (Scheele, Berzelius, Liebig, Fresenius) the chemist has nothing to be ashamed of. Let me just mention the discovery of caesium and rubidium in the waters of Diirkheim (Ger- many) by Bunsen in 1860. It is not without sign& came that the analysis of a natural water is still one of