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Rodriguez 1
Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources
“Apollo 13 30th anniversary.” www.wral.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2015.
This is a primary source. This photo helped me learn what the astronauts came down to
the Earth in. It also helped me learn on how the astronauts were saved by all the people
and how the event looked like.
“Apollo 13 Commander Remembers the Aborted Moon Mission.” NASA. gov. N.p., n.d. Web. 14
Oct. 2015. <http://sservi.nasa.gov/articles/apollo-13-commander-remembers-the-aborted-
moon-mission/>.
This is a primary source. It helped me learn that the memory of the flight is something
someone cannot forget. Jim Lovell said he was dealing with high pressure and fear, but
he had to have a positive attitude because there was nothing he can do.
“Apollo 13 Crew Receives Presidential Medal of Freedom.” Nasa.gov. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct.
2015. <http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/images/327604main_s70-15526_full.jpg>.
This is a primary source. This helped me learn how the astronauts dressed and how they
looked during the speech. This also helped me learn how Nixon looked and dressed, and
it helped me get an understanding of the amount of people there.
Apollo 13 emergency radio transmission. Film.
This is a primary source. This radio transmission helped me learn about what the crew
members said at the time. It also helped me hear the problem that occurred and I heard
the sergeant was also saying.
“Apollo 13 explosion.” Breaking news!; They’re alive!!! N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2015.
Rodriguez 2
This is a primary source. This helped me learn how the explosion looked like. This photo
made me surprised on how they survived and even though they didn’t make it to the
moon, on how it was a miracle on how they survived.
“Crew Arrives Back to Earth.” Red Orbit. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2015.
<http://media3.picsearch.com/is?bxGEfs9EHI46NKfl5Q0GMGZJuH-
yIiB52STi9nZFxdM&height=255>.
This is a primary source. This helped me learn how the crew members looked like, and
how happy they were to be back and alive. It also helped me learn what they wore when
they arrived back, and what they arrived back in.
“Detailed Chronology of Events Surrounding the Apollo 13 Accident.” history.nasa.gov. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2015. <http://history.nasa.gov/Timeline/apollo13chron.html>.
This is a primary source. It helped me learn the chronology during the accident, and
things that were being said.
“Explosion of Space Craft.” Solar Views. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2015.
<http://media3.picsearch.com/is?DZV0k6CfqujngEOhOutCYWZR-
al_O8rDlWVSBWaeu9k&height=236>.
This is a primary source. I learned how the damage off the explosion looks like. It also
helped me learn when the explosion happened, on how a side of the spaceship was
completely blown off.
Jim Lovell. Personal interview. N.d.
This is a primary source. It helped me learn about Apollo 13 from the astronauts
themselves and the people that were in the control room.
Lovell. Personal interview. N.d.
Rodriguez 3
This is a primary source. It helped me learn how it felt to be there and what happened in
the spaceship, like the noises or the lights that flashed. This interview was with a person
on the ship, so it was very interesting on just hearing on how it was on the ship.
“Newspaper articles of Apollo 13.” Apollo 13 Newspaper. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2015.
This is a primary source. It helped me learn how the newspapers looked like at the time.
It also helped me learn that people were shocked that the spaceship exploded.
Secondary Sources
“Apollo 13/NASA.”
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo13.html#.VghOQ7SFOP8.
N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2015.
This is a secondary source. This quote helped me learn what was being said in the
spaceship. It mentioned the problem and how the sergeant was going to work on the
problem.
Apollo (spacecraft). N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2015. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_
%28spacecraft%29>.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn about parts of the spaceship and what
they do.
“Apollo 13.” Apollo 13 NASA. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2015.
<https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo13.html#.VgLlmLTosaI>.
This is a secondary source. It helped me learn about how a tank busted and it said the
famous quote “Houston we have a problem.” It also mentioned how the sergeant was
gonna work on the problem while the oxygen level was going down to 0.
Rodriguez 4
“Apollo 13 Expert Livetweets Entire Mission on It’s 45th Anniversary.” The daily dot/ Apollo 13.
N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Oct. 2015.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn that the launch started at 1:13pm and
that the crew members were forced to abort the moon landing. It also helped me learn
that the astronauts involved were Jim Lovell, Fred Haise, and Jack Swigert, and that they
drifted back to the Earth over the course of the next five days.
“Apollo 13 Moon Mission.” moonconnection.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2015.
<http://www.moonconnection.com/apollo_13.phtml>.
This is a secondary source. It helped me learn that a crew member named Thomas K.
Mattingly, was exposed to German measles. Thomas then had to leave the mission due to
his sickness.
“Apollo 13 Picture.” Johnweeks.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.
<http://media4.picsearch.com/is?
67_679xw7PgzRPaFZvp1RKauGIpnEOLngFE30TTiE9Y&height=226>.
This is a secondary source. This photo helped me learn how the object that the astronauts
came back into Earth with looked like. It is a secondary source, because it wasn’t taken at
the actual time.
“Apollo 13 Roles.” nasa.gov. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2015.
<http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo13.html#.VjU04LTouP8>.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn the main crews names and their roles,
and the back up crews names and roles.
“Apollo 13 Summary.” history.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/apollo-13>.
Rodriguez 5
This is a secondary source. I learned that the explosion occurred on April 1970. I also
learned that the lunar module pilot was Fred Haise Jr.
Apollo 13- the Explosion. Film.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn how the bolt exploded through a visual
representation. It also helped me learn the reactions of both the astronauts and the people
back in the control room due to the incident.
“Apollo 13, This Is No Joke.” Space.about.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.
<http://space.about.com/od/spaceexplorationhistory/a/apollo13_2.htm>.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn the series of events that lead to the
explosion of the ships, and at first the crew members thought it was a joke, but then
realized that it was not a joke.
“Astronaut Jim Lovell: Apollo 13 Commander.” Space.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2015.
<http://www.space.com/20320-astronaut-jim-lovell-apollo-13-biography.html>.
This website is a secondary source. This helped me learn more about the commander and
crew member of Apollo 13 named Jim Lovell. It helped me learn about what he has been
before Apollo 13 and during Apollo 13.
“Encyclopedia>Apollo 13.” Apollo 13. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print.
This is a secondary source. It helped me learn that the astronauts had to abort the ship and
that they didn’t make it all the way to the moon. Also it helped me learn that even though
there was pressure on the crew members and pressure to the people back in the control
room , that they still made it back to Earth unharmed.
“The Flight of Apollo 13.” hq.nasa.gov. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Oct. 2015.
<http://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/apollo/apo13hist.html>.
Rodriguez 6
This is a secondary source. It helped me learn about some objects used on the flight such
as the oxygen tanks, and other tanks and what they do, and many other objects.
Houston, We Have a Problem - Apollo 13 (4/11) Movie Clip (1995) HD. Film.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn how the inside of the spaceship looked
like when all the lights were popping up and it gave me a visual representation of how the
reacted. It also helped me learn how they moved around the spaceship and show the
sergeant reacting to the problem.
“Omega Speed Master Professional, the Watch That Saved Apollo 13.” huckberry.com. N.p., n.d.
Web. 30 Oct. 2015. <https://huckberry.com/journal/posts/omega-speedmaster-
professional-the-watch-that-saved-apollo-13>.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn about an abject that helped the
astronauts time the trajectory adjustments.
“See a 1970 Explanation of What Happened to Apollo 13.” See a 1970 Explanation of What
Happened to Apollo 13. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Oct. 2015.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn that if the engine did not burn it would
have went around the moon. It also helped me learn that they landed in the Indian Ocean.
“13 Things That Saved Apollo 13.” universetoday.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2015.
<http://www.universetoday.com/63673/13-things-that-saved-apollo-13-part-10-duct-
tape/>.
This is a secondary source. It helped me learn about an object that saved helped save the
members from all dying.
Rodriguez 7
“What Happened on the Ground.” http://arstechnica.com/. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.
<http://arstechnica.com/science/2015/04/apollo-13-the-mistakes-the-explosion-and-six-
hours-of-live-saving-decisions/>.
This is a secondary source. I learned about how the tank exploded. I also learned that the
Apollo spaceship was composed of 4 distinctive segments.
What If NASA Failed. Space.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2015. <http://www.space.com/10316-
apollo-13-nasa-failed.html>.
This is a secondary source. This helped me learn the path the Apollo 13 ship took into
space and back. It also helped me learn how the ship broke up, so that the astronauts
could come back to Earth.