1

Beyond 3GLTE

Long Term Evolution

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Agenda

Cellular History Key Technologies 3GPP and LTE Networks Architecture

(GSM/GPRS/HSPA/LTE) Comparison Time Line of LTE

3

900 MHzVoice

1G

900 MHz1800 MHzVoice/Data

2G

900-1800-1900 MHzSmart Phone

Video, Internet…

3G

2007

900-1800 MHzVoice, Camera Tiny Internet

2.5GData Rate3G+

History

Fixed NetWorks

1984-1996+

1992-1998 1999 1999-2005+

2005+

4

Wireless Access Evolution

New ServicesNew Services

EfficiencyEfficiency

More Data More Data Services Services requiredrequired

Broadband

Subscribers

Voice

CoverageCoverage

MobilityMobility

Voice Voice QualityQuality

PortabilityPortability

CapacityCapacity

Data ServiceData Service

BroadbandBroadband

Network Network SimplificationSimplification

Cost of Cost of OwnershipOwnership

5

FDMA, TDMA & CDMA FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) Each user on a different frequency A channel is a frequency TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) Each user on a different window period in time slot. CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) Each user uses the same frequency all the time but

mixed with different distinguished code patterns.

6

1GAnalog Digital

Voice

2G

3G+2.5G

Voice

Greater Network Capacity

Improved Voice

Quality

Data Transmissio

n

Always-On Connectivity

via Packet Data Technology

GSM

EDGE

UMTS - WCDMA/HSDPA

GPRS

1984-1996+

1992-2000+

2001

Packet Data

Multimedia

Super High Speed Data

Increased

Capacity

2002-2005+

TDMA

7

Cellular GenerationFirst Generation (AMPS)

Few users , expensive , large size, and FM,FDMA

Second Generation (GSM)

Digital system, more user, improved to supply data (EDGE , GPRS). FDMA/TDMA ,GMSK

Third Generation (WCDMA)

Voice & data (CDMA),

improved to increase the speed 7Mbps(HSPDA).

WCDMA

Fourth Generation (LTE)

Super High Speed Data, Simple Network, Low Cost

OFDMA , 100 Mbps

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Key Technologies

9

Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless Broadband Requirements

802.11n(smart antennas)802.11Mesh extns.

Lo

cal A

rea

Fix

ed

Wid

e A

rea

Mo

bile

Co

vera

ge/

Mo

bili

ty

Met

ro A

rea

No

mad

ic

802.16(Fixed LOS)

802.16a/d(Fixed NLOS)

802.11b/a/g

Mobile Industry

Fixed Wireless Industry

4G Air Interfaces

Data Rates (kbps)100,000 +

GSM UMTS HSPAGPRS EDGE LTE 3GPP

MOBILE BROADBAND

DSL ExperienceDial Up

Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit

802.16e(Mobile WIMAX)

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Goal of LTE/Converge Networks

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How to achieve it ?

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What is 3GPP? 3GPP stands for 3rd Generation Partnership Project It is a partnership of 6 regional SDOs (Standards Development Organizations)

These SDOs take 3GPP specifications and transpose them to regional standards

Japan

USA

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Towards LTE

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3G Technologies Overview

3GPP : UMTS Phase 1 (3GPP release 5) : HSDPA service, Phase 2 (3GPP release 6):HSUPA Uplink high-speed data Phase 3 :(3GPP release 7) HSPA+ Capacity Improvements in

UL and DL, above 10 Mbps Next-Generation Cellular System (in about 2010) (LTE)

Release 8 100 Mbps DL and 50 Mbps UL full-mobility wide area coverage 1 Gbps low-mobility local area coverage

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LTE Access

LTE radio access Downlink: OFDM Uplink: SC-FDMA

Advanced antenna solutions

Diversity Beam-forming Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)

Spectrum flexibility Flexible bandwidth New and existing bands Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD

20 MHz1.4 MHz

TX TX

SC-FDMA

OFDMA

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Architectures’

GSM Basic Blocks GSM Voice Call GSM Data Call HSPA LTE

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GSM Architecture Overview A GSM system is made up of three subsystems:

The mobile station (MS) The Base station subsystem (BSS) The Network and switching subsystem (NSS)

The interfaces defined between each of these sub systems include:

“A” interface between NSS and BSS “Abis” interface between BSC and BTS (Within the BSS) “Um” air interface between the BSS and the MS

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MSC

OMO

PSTNFixed Network

BSC

BSC

GSM Voice Network

Only Voice Call

HSCS9.6 Kp/s

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GSM Architecture

Abis Interface

Interface

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GSM Voice and Data Call Architecture

Voice Calls Path

Data Calls Path

Packet Data14.4 Kp/s

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2G Towards 3G Networks

GGSN

IP networks

SGSN

IuGb

2G 3G

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR

PCRFGr

Gi

Iur

Gx

Only PS Domain shown

Gn Gn

•Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects

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GGSN

IP networks

SGSN

Iu CPGb

2G 3G

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR/HSS

PCRF

Iu UP

Gr

Gi

Iur

Gx

Only PS Domain shown

Gn

Optimizing the 3G/HSPA payload plane for Broadband traffic

HSPA (Higher Speed Packet Access)

10 Mb/s

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LTE Architecture

PDN GWServing GW

MME

S1-MME S1-U

LTE

IP networks

eNodeB

SGSN

Iu CPGb

2G 3G

S3

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR/HSS

PCRF

Iu UP

S11

Gr

S10

S6a

SGi

X2

Iur

S7

Non-3GPP access

S2a/b

S4PDN GW

Serving GW

”Gateway”

MMESGSN

”Mobility Server”

PCRF

HLR/HSS

”HLR/HSS”

EPC

eNode B

RBS

OSS

PA/DU Core & IMS

PA/DU Radio

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Main Nodes of LTE or EPC (Evolved Packet Core

· Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) - to provide connections for GERAN and UTRAN Networks

· Serving Gateway - to terminate the interface toward the 3GPP radio-access networks

· PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks

· Mobility Management Entity (MME) - to manage control plane context, authentication and authorization

· 3GPP anchor - to manage mobility for 2G/3G and LTE systems

· SAE anchor - to manage mobility for non 3GPP RATs

· Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects

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PDN GWServing GW

MME

S1-MME S1-U

LTE

IP networks

eNodeB

SGSN

Iu CPGb

2G 3G

S3

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR/HSS

PCRF

Iu UP

S11

Gr

S10

S6a

SGi

X2

Iur

S7

Non-3GPP access

S2a/b

The PDN and Serving GW may be separate nodes in some scenarios

(S5 in-between)Only PS Domain shown

S4

From 3GPP to LTE/SAE

PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks

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+ True high-speed mobile data

+ Full-motion HD video anywhere

+ Stream any content

+ Mobile peer2peer & Web 2.0

(Networking)

+ Triple play

EDGE

EVDO-AHSDPA

LTEFiber

ADSL-2+

ADSL

Mbps

40-100MbpsFiber like speed on mobile

Comparison with Speed

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+ Spectral efficiencyBetter utilization of spectrum available

+ Low frequency, Advanced Receivers and Smart AntennaFor improved coverage and reduced cost of ownership

+ Increased CapacityMuch higher user and sector throughput for lower individual cost service delivery

+ Simpler RAN, IP Core & Centralized service deliveryFewer nodes & interfaces (Node-B/RNC/Gateway) One Network & IMS for all access technologies

+ Connect to legacy coresExisting network asset investment protection

+ 3GPP/2 Market tractionEconomy of scale

LTE VoIP cost*

UMTS rel.99 voice call cost$

10%

3GPP subscribers 85% market share

Predicted LTE VoIP voice call cost* - Sound Partners Limited Research

Comparison Cost

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10-5msec latencyHighly Responsive Multimedia

+ Improved user experience

+ Fast VoIP call set-up

+ Instantaneous web pages

+ Streaming fast buffering

+ Online mobile gamingEDGE

EVDO-AHSDPA

LTEFiber

ADSL-2+

ADSL

Compassion Responsive

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LTE Time Line

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3G- R’993G- R’99HSPAHSPA

HSPA EvolutionHSPA Evolution

LTELTE

2002 2005 2008/2009 2009

384 kbps 3.6 Mbps 21/28/42 Mbps ~150 MbpsPeak rate

2007

7/14 Mbps

Mobile broadband speed evolution

LTE EvolutionLTE Evolution

2013

1 Gbps

Target

32

Thanks