8-3-2000 1

8-3-2000 2

Decision Chart: Casing Problems

Determine depthand type of

casing failure.

SELECT:1. Impression Block2. RTTS Tool 3. Casing Inspection Log4. Down hole camera

SPLIT?

COLLAPSED?

To Cut & PullSELECT:1. Internal Cutter2. Chemical Cutter3. Jet Cutter

Use Casing Patch

SELECT:1. Swage & Safety Joint2. Casing Roller3. Tapered or String mill4. Csg. Alinghnment tool

YES

OR

YES

8-3-2000 3

Collapsed & Parted Casing

Collapsed Casing Parted Casing

8-3-2000 4

Casing Failure

• Caused by earth Shift or subsidence

• Probably not fishable

• Will shift again

• Try swaging out

8-3-2000 5

Corrosion

• Holes in Tbg. Or Casing

• Sand or shale present

• Marks on tubing

• Casing patch job

8-3-2000 6

Identify

• Casing inspection log

• Packer - find hole

• Lead impression block

• Down hole video camera

8-3-2000 7

Down Hole Video• Need clear fluid such as water

• In early days of down hole video, a rig was needed to continuously pump clear water to keep oil off the lenses.

• A specialized lens surfactant was developed to overcome this problem.

8-3-2000 8

Down Hole Video

• The lens surfactant is a milestone because a rig is not needed to continuously pump water.

• Two types of down hole video systems are available from D.H.V. International.

8-3-2000 9

Two Types Available

• These are the Fiber Optic Video System

and the Hawk Eye Video system.

• The fiber optic system uses the fiber optic cable for live, full motion video needed for fluid entry surveys.

8-3-2000 10

Portable

• The Hawk Eye system can be used with

almost any wireline unit already on

location.

• Images are displayed on a video

monitor and recorded on video tape

for late reference.

8-3-2000 11

Small Diameter Cable

• By developing a small 7/32 diameter fiber

optic cable, D.H.V. Int. provides real

time video surveys up to14,000.

• The tool diameter is 1-1/16 O.D. and has a

temperature limitation of

250°Fahrenheit. Movie File (MPEG)

8-3-2000 12

Swage Construction• Swages are made of 4140 grade heat

treated steel for hardness.

• They are used to open up or swage out

collapsed casing or to make a gauge

run to insure the casing I.D. is clear.

• The tool has a long tapered nose which

leads it through the damaged section.

8-3-2000 13

Casing Swage• A lead impression block should be run

first to determine what size swage to begin with.

• Often it is necessary to run a succession of swages so as to gradually force the casing back to the original size.

• Increase the O.D. on each run by 1/8.

8-3-2000 14

Casing Swage• Run one drill collar above the swage to

prevent hanging up in the mandrel of the jars on a casing shoulder.

• Do not lower the jars below the bad spot.

• Then run bumper and oil jars and sufficient drill collar weight to get a good downward blow on the swage.

8-3-2000 15

Swage Procedures

• Circulation slots are cut in the body of the swage. Circulate to prevent sand or debris from accumulating.

• May use a 5 long bumper jar far greater impact while jarring down.

• Make the O.D. of the swage drift I.D.of the casing on the last run.

8-3-2000 16

Swaging Tool

SuggestedBottom

HoleAssembly

DrillCollars

Oil Jar

BumperJar

1-DrillCollar

Sub

SwagingTool

8-3-2000 17

Bowen Casing Rollers

• The Bowen Casing Roller is very rugged yet simple in design.

• All moving parts are held in place on the mandrel by large ball bearings running in deep grooves.

• It is used to restore collapsed casing to it’s normal internal diameter.

8-3-2000 18

Construction of Roller

• The roller consists of an eccentric mandrel upon which are mounted a series of rollers and a tapered nose cone.

• The tapered nose cone locks all rollers in place on the mandrel.

• The design of the tool permits the use of interchangeable rollers.

8-3-2000 19

8-3-2000 20

8-3-2000 21

Running Procedure

• The roller and drill string are rotated and lowered slowly until the damaged area is located.

• Upon contact, increase the rotary speed to 50 to 75 R.P.M. and lower slowly with moderate weight.

• A high rotary speed with too little weight tends to wear the rollers without straightening the pipe.

8-3-2000 22

Running Procedures

• The best guide to the amount of weight and rotary speed to use is experience.

• As long as steady downward progress is being made, the weight-speed ratio is giving the proper results.

• Circulation must be maintained during the operation.

8-3-2000 23

Dressing Mill Run

• The inside mechanical cutter is used to cut casing that can be retrieved prior to running a casing patch.

• The internal cutter will leave a clean cut, however operators like to dress the top with a dressing mill prior to running a casing patch.

8-3-2000 24

Casing Patch• Make patch up on running string.

• As fish depth is reached, slowly rotate to right while lowering it.

• Continue lowering until you bump up on the grapple carrier.

• Set approximately 10,000# down to ensure good engagement.

8-3-2000 25

Patch Setting Procedure

• Pick up on the patch to engage the grapple and set the seal.

• See Bowen (or other manufacturer’s) instruction manual for the pick up load required to set the patch.

• Reduce pull to 40% of setting load and pressure test the patch to manufacturer’s recommendations.

8-3-2000 26

Casing Patch

• Once seals are set a minimum pull only is

required to maintain them in the

proper sealing position.

• The tensile load required to set the slips

to maintain the pipe is more than

adequate.

8-3-2000 27

No I.D. Restriction

• The Bowen Lead Seal Casing Patch does not reduce the I.D. in any manner.

• Once the patch is set, it becomes a permanent part of the string and is usually cemented in place.

• Patches are available for standard service or HS service.

8-3-2000 28

Bowl (1)

Grapple Carrier (3)

Grapple (4)

Control (5)Set Screws (9)

End Seal Ring (6)

Center Seal Ring (8)

Lead Seal (7)

End Seal Ring (6)

Lead Seal (7)

Guide (2)

Lead Seal CasingPatch in Engaging

Position

8-3-2000 29

Top Sub

Top Sub Seal

Bowl

Packer Protector

Packer

Basket Grapple

Basket Mill Control Packer

Guide

Bowen PackerType Casing Patches

8-3-2000 30

Top Sub

TopSub Seal

Bowl

Packer Protector

Packer

BasketGrapple

Basket MillControl Packer

Guide

Bowen PackerType Casing Patch

Exploded View

8-3-2000 31

Open Up With Mill

• Lace Joint, D.C., Mill

• Strap across connections

• Lite weight, fast R.P.M.

• Work back and forth

8-3-2000 32

Casing Parted at 3,450’

8-3-2000 33

Lace/kick JointDrill 3/4” Hole180° From Pointof Mule Shoe

Cut Off Pinon Joint ofDrill Pipe on45 ° Angleand Weld Plateon Bottomto Blank OffMule Shoe

Fluid PumpedThrough 3/4”Hole ForcesPoint of MuleShoe AgainstCasing WallAllowing Youto AttemptRe-Entry intoParted Casing

Parted Casing

8-3-2000 34

Enter & Dress Parted Casing

Work mule

shoe of drill pipe with aid of pump

into casing

Drill collars

Drill collar

Note: Do not pull mule shoe

joint from below parted casing until

ready for trip

String mill

dressed to bit size

Work mill back and forth

through parted casing until mill is free to move through area without drag

8-3-2000 35

Trip in the hole

with casing repair tool

below cement retainer on work string.

Set cement retainer with work string

after placing casing repair tool directly

across parted casing. Half of

repair tool should be located below the parted casing

point and half above. Cement

casing in place by pumping cement

through the bottom of the cement repair tool and back up the annulus and out into

the parted area.

After the cement has set

pickup a rock bit on

the drill collars and

drill out the cement

retainer and casing repair tool.

8-3-2000 36

Homco Internal Csg. PatchThe Homco Internal Casing Patch is designed to regain the integrity of the well bore permanently by sealing many types of leaks including:

• seal perforations • seal collar/thread leaks • seal casing wall splits • reinforce corrosion areas • reinforce areas with internal wear

8-3-2000 37

Internal Patch Design

• The casing patch is an internal steel liner that is corrugated longitudinally to provide clearance for placement inside casing. It is normally 20 long.

• Trained Weatherford personnel and specialized setting tools provide the installation of the casing patch.

8-3-2000 38

Standard Patch Features

• Low-carbon, 1010 annealed steel

• O.D. wrapped with fiberglass

• O.D. coated with epoxy resin

• Temperature rating of 325º F.

• Patch wall thickness = .120

• Drift I.D. reduced by .30

8-3-2000 39

Hole Preparation

• Locate and identify area to be patched

• Run casing scraper with tapered mill 1/16 larger than drift diameter

• A gage run to simulate the O.D. and length of the patch and setting tool is recommended in deviated holes.

• Circulate to clean well.

8-3-2000 40

Operating Procedures

• When in position, the patch is expanded by using a hydraulic cylinder assembly to pull a specially designed expander through the corrugated patch.

• When expanded, the patch forms symmetrically to the casing I.D. and is held permanently in place by radial compression.

8-3-2000 41

Operating Procedures

• The steel casing patch makes the seal and is not likely to crack or crumble.

• The epoxy resin extrudes into leaks and cavities in the casing wall, acting as a gasket and secondary sealing agent.

• Setting time normally requires less than 30 minutes for a 20 section.

8-3-2000 42

Time to Cure

• The epoxy resin on the patch is fully

cured in 24 hours.

• Although no testing can be performed

during that time, other well

operations can be carried out while the

epoxy is curing.

8-3-2000 43

Small I.D. Restriction

• Example of I.D. restriction for a 7x29# casing patch:

• Original I.D. = 6.184

• After patch I.D. = 5.759

• Internal pressure rating for a 1 hole or less is 9850 Lbs.

• External pressure rating is 1,100 Lbs.

8-3-2000 44

8-3-2000 45

Wireline - Open HoleDetermine Condition

of Wireline

StuckParted

Below3000’

Above3000’?

Cut & Strip Source?

Side DoorOvershot

Center Rope SpearSafety JointBumper Sub

JarsDrill Collars

AcceleratorNo

Yes

8-3-2000 46

Wireline - Cased HoleDetermine Condition

of Wireline

Stuck Parted

Below 3000’ Above 3000’ ?

Cut & Strip Source?

Side DoorOsvershot

Two/Three ProngSafety JointBumper Sub

Center Rope SpearSafety JointBumper Sub

Stop SubGuage Ring

Jars Drill Collars

Accelerator

NO

YES

8-3-2000 47

Types of Wireline Fishing

Stuck logging tool when the wireline has been removed or wireline when it has not.

• The two methods to fish wireline are:

• Cable guide method

• Side door overshot

• Cable guide method is preferred way

Shortcut to Cut and Strip Film.lnk

8-3-2000 48

Cable Guide Method

• Take 2,000 pound overpull on cable

• Attach T-Bar clamp, check liners

• Bump hanger on rotary to test

• Cut cable, leave 8 foot tail, well end

• Tie truck end, won’t jump crown

• Re-arrange sheaves in derrick

8-3-2000 49

Getting Started

• Attach rope socket slip assembly &

spearhead sub to well end of wireline.

• Insure slips and carrier are correct size.

• Use only new slips and use only once.

• Attach rope socket, sinker bar, knuckle joint,

sinker bar, swivel joint, and rope socket

overshot to truck end of cable.

8-3-2000 50

Perform Test Pull

• Latch up overshot leaving T-Bar

• Test pull with 5,000 pounds pull

• Hold for one minute

• If O.K., rest on T-Bar, unlatch rope socket overshot

8-3-2000 51CABLE-GUIDE FISHING ASSEMBLY

8-3-2000 52

CABLE-GUIDE FISHING METHOD

8-3-2000 53

TOOL CAUGHT IN OVERSHOT

8-3-2000 54

Dress Fishing Overshot

• Dress fishing overshot with correct size grapple

• Use Nitraloy grapple, plain control

• Make up mud saver sub and restricted I.D. sub to overshot

• Thread well end of rope socket through fishing overshot

8-3-2000 55

• Install hexagon spear head adapter

• Latch 1st. Stand drill pipe

• Stab rope socket O S in pipe

• Latch rope socket O S

• Make up fishing O S by hand

• Pick up wire line, remove T-bar

Operating Procedure

8-3-2000 56

• Set fishing overshot in slips/ tighten same.

• Bump up guide w/wrench and hammer.

• The winch operator must maintain 2,000 pounds over pull on the cable

• Run 1st. Stand in and set slips.

• Lower pipe at 2 minutes per stand.

Procedure

8-3-2000 57

• Place C plate in slot between rope socket and hexagon adapter.

• Slack off on winch resting W.L. on C plate.

• C plate rests on top of T.J. it is made to fit.

• Winch operator flag cable; same spot.

• Release overshot with special tongs.

Procedure

8-3-2000 58

• Run Blocks up, latch another stand D.P.

• Pull wireline tools up, stab into drill pipe.

• Drop down through pipe, latch up overshot.

• Insure rig personnel keep fingers from under the C plate.

• Go in hole the safe way; slow is best

Procedure

8-3-2000 59

• Urge people to be alert to prevent costly

mistakes and/or a serious accident.

• Maintain verbal contact between rig

floor and wireline truck.

• Continue this procedure until in hole or

line comes free.

Procedure

8-3-2000 60

Potential Hazards

1. Cable may be dropped if spear head O.S. or rope sockets fail.

2. Broken strand of wire may ball up.

3. O.S. may hit bridge and cut the cable.

4. Cable may double back around O. S. if in a key seat.

8-3-2000 61

Line Only Stuck• If the wireline only is stuck, and should

come free, the winch operator will know immediately;will loose extra weight

• Pull logging tool up several feet to prove it is free.

• Install circulating sub; pump to clean O S

8-3-2000 62

Install Circulating Sub

• With spear head on C plate, thread circulating sub over the rope socket O S

• Latch O S into spear head, remove C plate.

• Screw circulating sub into D P

• Place baffle around wire and drop in sub.

• Rest cable on top of baffle. Release O S

8-3-2000 63

• Make up kelly to string.

• Record slow pump rate.

• Circulate out, set kelly back, reconnect O S

• Pull fish into overshot with winch.

• Check for engagement by picking up string, tension on cable should decrease.

Procedure

8-3-2000 64

• Record tension at which break occurs.

• Cut both cables to remove rope sockets.

• Tie both ends cable in square knot.

• Pull to tighten knot; tape tail, pull cable

carefully over top sheave.

Procedure

8-3-2000 65

• Remove measuring devise while knot passes.

• Cable clamp must be installed to do this.

• Spool cable up on truck.

• Catch bridle, tie with rope. Pull over sheave and lower to floor.

Procedure

8-3-2000 66

Open Pump Out Sub

• Install kelly, blow disc out pump out sub.

• Pull out hole without rotating.

• Set slips on fish, secure with safety clamp.

• Release O S and turn job over to WL Co.

• Use extreme caution in all phases if radioactive source present; very dangerous and expensive.

8-3-2000 67

Pressure Required to Rupture Disks in Pump Out Sub

Disk Material Burst Pressure in P.S.I.

3/8” .010” thick bronze 3300 - 3500

7/16” " " " 2900 - 3200

1/2” " " " 2700 - 2800

9/16” " " " 2400 - 2500

5/8” " " " 2100 - 2200

11/16” " " " 1900 - 2000

3/4” " " " 1600 - 1700

13/16” " " " 1500- -1600

7/8” " " " 1300 - 1400

Control Washer I.D.

8-3-2000 68

Government RequirementsIf a radioactive source is left in the hole:

• Must go in hole with a gamma ray tool

to identify the depth of the source

• If the source is left below the freshwater

line it’s not a problem to life

• Source has a life of 24,000 years

8-3-2000 69

Government Requirements

• Set red cement plug

• Set a Whipstock[may use inflatable PKR]

• Set another red cement plug

• Metal sign permanently attached to well

indicating the kind of source,depth,

date it was left in the well

8-3-2000 70

Roller

Bowl

Side Door

Side Door Anchor Screw

Grapple

Control Screw

Control

Series 160Side Door Overshot

8-3-2000 71

Side Door Overshot

• The Bowen series 160 side door O S is

recommended for fishing in cased hole.

• These overshots are run on pipe.

• A side door in the bowl is removed to

allow the line to be feed into the tool.

8-3-2000 72

Make up to Line• The side door is held in place by four

counter sunk set screws.

• When in place the door forms part of the

wall of the bowl.

• The bowl is equipped with a roller on

which the cable rides.

8-3-2000 73

Inserting the Grapple• A spiral type grapple is used for larger

sizes and a basket grapple for smaller ones.

• The basket grapple has an enlarged slot which allows it to be made up around the line.

• The grapple control is held in place by set screws.

8-3-2000 74

Don’t have to cut Line• The side door overshot eliminates the

necessity of cutting the wireline.

• After the overshot is made up on the fishing string, apply normal tension on the cable and set the winch brake.

• Since the cable is riding in the rotary, a segment of the slips may have to be removed to avoid damage to the cable.

8-3-2000 75

Run in Slow • Go in hole slow and use caution when

setting the slips so as not to pinch the cable.

• Pipe tally will indicate when the overshot approaches the fish.

• Circulate to flush the overshot out prior to engaging the fish.

8-3-2000 76

Engaging the Fish

• As the overshot engages the fish, an increase in tension will be noted on the WL unit weight indicator.

• Pick up and watch for slack in cable.

• Pull out at weak point and spool up the cable.

• POH with fish. Do not rotate

8-3-2000 77

Side Door Overshot

• Radioactive logging tool

• Directional drilled well

• Stuck line situation

• Depth below 3,000’

• Large OD quick connect

8-3-2000 78

Parted Wire Line• Risky operation, use experienced people.

• Easy to ball up and junk well.

• Line will not fall more than 10%, less in smaller holes.

• Line conforms to curvature of drum and tends to stand up. Mud in hole also helps it to stand up.

8-3-2000 79

Parted Wire LineCan be retrieved by center prong rope spear, double prong rope spear, or crank shaft type spear. B.H.A. consist of:

> Rope spear > Stop ring > Drain sub > Safety joint > Bumper jar, oil jars,DC, accelerators

8-3-2000 80

ROPE SPEAR

8-3-2000 81

8-3-2000 82

Engagement With Spear

• Run in hole to app.depth of top with spear.

• Rotate only 3 or 4 rounds.

• Pull out a stand to allow for stretch in line.

• Watch for weight gain or any drag.

• If any encountered, pull out hole.

• If no recovery, go in hole one stand deeper.

8-3-2000 83

• If wire is caught, but tool stuck, WL must be pulled into at the weak point.

• Continue procedure until all wire is recovered.

• Logging tool recovered with usual methods.

• Be prepared to make several trips as the fishing process is one of trial and error.

Engagement With Spear

8-3-2000 84

Stop Rings

• In cased holes, always run a stop sub 1/8 less in O.D. than drift I.D. of casing.

• If the line can get by the spear, it will.

• Stop rings are never run in open holes due to washed out sections.

• If wire is caught with lots of it above the spear, it will ball up as pipe is pulled.

8-3-2000 85

• The ball will worsen; the string will stick.

• Barbs must be jarred off or the ball freed.

• Washpipe won’t help, wire will ball up.

• Watch for swabbing if wire is balled up.

• Use caution when pulling into bottom of casing, ball may not enter.

Balled Up Wire

8-3-2000 86

• Keep track of length of line recovered.

• If line too balled up to measure, weigh it.

• A 5-/16 line weighs 192 pounds per 1,000.

• If long fishing job occurs, open Bop's to check for wire line nested there.

• May interfere with BOP function.

Precautions

8-3-2000 87

Houston Engineering Reversing Tool Overview - When you complete this section you will be able to:

• Describe the H.E. reversing tool

• Describe the H.E. left hand overshot

• Determine the tool capacity

• Determine the amount of tension to pull

• List the requirements for tool use

• Make up the B.H.A.

• Function test the reversing tool at the surface

• Engage the fish

• Disconnect from the fish

8-3-2000 88

Topic See PageH.E. Reversing Tool 2H.E. left hand overshot 4Determining the tool capacity 7Requirements 11Making up the B.H.A 12Function testing at the surface 14Making the back-off 15Tool Specifications 18Torque capacity ratio at various tension levels 19Torque verses rounds/thousand feet for various pipe sizes 20

Table of Contents

8-3-2000 89

• Transmits right hand torque to left hand torque

• Plugged fish, hole is too crooked/cork screwed

• Hole friction too high

• Can’t run washpipe, or transmit torque for S.S.

• Multiplies torsional force, may run string shot

Purpose

8-3-2000 90

• Planetary gearing and anchoring system

• Right hand box and left hand pin

• All connections below tool must be left handed

• Turn top to the right, toggle wings open anchoring the tool

• The planetary gearing system reverses the torque, turning every thing below the tool to the left.

Description

8-3-2000 91

H.E. Reversing Tool

Fishing String

H.E. Reversing Tool

Left hand Safety Joint

Left hand Overshot

Left hand Bumper Jar

Left hand work stringif required

8-3-2000 92

Benefits• Engage fish externally, if not possible use left hand pin tap

• H.E. left hand O.S. specifically designed for reversing tool

• High torsional strength of 55,000 ft./lbs.

Description

• Top sub,bowl, cut lip guide, one set of 4 slips

• Right or left hand connection, right or left hand release

• Spring holds slips down in catch position

• Lugs between each slip locks for high torque use

• Release with slight down weight, 1/4 turn to right

8-3-2000 93

8-3-2000 94

Tool Capacity

• Maximum torque ratio is 1 to 1.78 with no extra tension on tool

• Capacity of # 8 tool is 22,000 ft./lbs. 22,000 x 1.78 = 39,160 ft./lbs.

• Exceeding tool capacity will tear up gear teeth

• Some tool joints may be too tight and exceed capacity of the tool

• A back-off is not guaranteed

• The tool capacity specifications chart is at the end of the chapter

8-3-2000 95

Rate of recovery/Effects of tension

• Pipe will back-off at the neutral point

• Back-off with 0 tension, you may recover only 1 or 2 joints

• With tension you may recover several joints

• As the amount of tension increases, the torque ratio decreases

• At 20,000 over pull the ratio decreases to one to one

• Cannot determine how much will back-off w/o a string shot

8-3-2000 96

Capacity of the Work String

• Another consideration is the capacity of the work string

• Count the rounds per/1,000 feet to determine this

• Example: new 4-1/2” 16.60# drill pipe will stand 2.25 rounds per/1,000 feet of depth

• Exceeding this amount will twist the drill pipe off

• The chart for torque Vs. rounds/thousand for various pipe sizes is located at the end of this chapter

8-3-2000 97

Requirements for the Tool and RigThe tool must be set inside the casing, and the casing must have a

good cement bond behind it

If top of fish is below the casing a left hand work string is needed

Rig requirements are:

• a good weight indicator

• a pump that is able to maintain 500 psi

• enough power to rotate to the maximum capacity of the work string and/or the reversing tool

8-3-2000 98

Making up the B.H.A.

• Attach a left hand engagement tool to the safety joint

• Attach the left hand safety joint to the bumper sub

• Attach the left hand bumper sub to the reversing tool

• Jars and drill collars are not necessary

• Tighten the string adequately to prevent down hole make up

8-3-2000 99

8-3-2000 100

Function Test at the Surface

• Rotate top section to the right to insure the toggle wings open and the bottom portion rotates to the left

• Rotate to the left to close the toggle wings

• Use a straight edge to insure all carbide points are of equal length

• Lock the rotary to prevent the pipe from turning

8-3-2000 101

Engage Fish/Make Back-Off• T.I.H. to top of fish and check the string weight

• If using an O.S., lower over fish and take a slight over pull

• If using a pin tap, set 1or 2 points of weight

• Rotate counting the rounds and watching the torque

• Continue turning to the right until one of the following occurs:

• The rotary spins rapidly to the right indicating a back-off

• 22,000 ft./lbs. Is reached ( # 8 tool )

• The maximum rounds/thousand for string size is reached

8-3-2000 102

Disconnection from the Fish

• If a back-off is made, rotate 3 or 4 rounds to the left to close wings

• Pull out of the hole with the fish. Do not rotate

• If unsuccessful, lock the tool so the entire string turns to the right

• Close toggle wings, drop ball (old style AH), maintain 500 psi and turn to right to release safety joint or overshot.

• IF using new (AJ model) it is not necessary to drop a ball

8-3-2000 103

Tool Specifications

Tool Specifications for AH and AJ Model Reversing ToolsNominal Tool Size OD No. 3 No. 4 No. 6 No. 8

Tool Model AH AJ AH AJ AH AJ AH AJ

Actual Tool OD 3-3/4” 4-1/16” 5-13/16” 7-3/4”

Actual Tool ID 5/8” 1” 1-1/8” 1-1/8” 1-1/8”

Maximum Yield TensileStrength

90,000 150,000 200,000 400,000

Input 4,000 ft/lbs 10,000 ft/lbs 14,000 ft/lbs 22,000 ft/lbs

Ratio 1-1/78

MaximumYield TorqueLoad*

Output 7,120 ft/lbs 17,800 ft/lbs 24,920 ft/lbs 39,160 ft/lbs

Maximum PumpPressure – Internal

5,000 psi

Minimum PumpPressure – Internal

200 psi 150 psi 150 psi 150 psi

Minimum Tool PressureTo Lock Tool in Hole

600 psi 500 psi

Hole Size for Top andBottom Circulation Plugs

¼” 3/8” ½” 5/8”

Locking Ball OD 9/16” N/A 1-1/16” N/A 1-3/16” N/A 1-3/16” N/A

*Also see Torque vs. Rounds/Thousand for Various Pipe Sizes.

8-3-2000 104

Torque Capacity Ratio at Various Tension Levels

Torque Multiplication Ration When Tension Is At:NominalTool Size

OD Zero ft/lbs 5,000 ft/lbs10,000ft/lbs

20,000ft/lbs

Maximum Right-HandTorque

Maximum Yield TensileStrength (90% Yield)

No. 3 1-1.78 1-1.60 1-1.40 1-1 4,000 ft/lbs 90,000 ft/lbs

No. 4 1-1.78 1-1.60 1-1.40 1-1 10,000 ft/lbs 150,000 ft/lbs

No. 6 1-1.78 1-1.60 1-1.40 1-1 14,000 ft/lbs 200,000 ft/lbs

No. 8 1-1.78 1-1.60 1-1.40 1-1 22,000 ft/lbs 400,000 ft/lbs

8-3-2000 105

8-3-2000 106

Experienced Fishing Supervisors Weatherford Baker

California 15 12

Rocky Mountain's 14 9

Mid Continent 36 14

Midland 15 5

South Texas-Corpus 15 4

Pearland 11 2

East Texas 9 5

Louisiana 25 26

140 77

8-3-2000 107

THE ENDTHE ENDQUESTIONQUESTIONSS