best of luck to all the aspirants! express my deepest gratitude to i.e.s. sanskrit kendra, dadar for...

© Target Publications Pvt. Ltd. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, C.D. ROM/Audio Video Cassettes or electronic, mechanical

including photocopying; recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the Publisher.

Std. X

mebmke=Àle - cevoeefkeÀveer

(For Sanskrit Entire Course)

Based on New Paper Pattern of Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher

Secondary Education, Pune.

Salient Features :

• Coverage of Entire Syllabus in Activity Based Format

• Adequate Activities based on Vocabulary and Grammar

• Appropriate Translations of all the Lessons and Poems

• Separate Section on Writing Skills

Printed at: Jasmine Art Printers Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai

10185_10750_JUP

P.O. No. 22856

PREFACE Whenever you read a good book, somewhere in the world a door opens to allow in more light.

– Vera Nazarian.

Sanskrit is a language, so ancient and so full of history that it lies at the heart of India. It is in the very ebb and flow of Hinduism and Buddhism, old and culturally rich religions. Most Indian languages have their roots buried deep in Sanskrit. Upheld as the language of Gods, Sanskrit transcends and persists throughout history.

There is a popular belief, however, that Sanskrit is a challenging language to master. If you manage to overlook this, you will see the beauty of this historical language. Through Target Publication’s Std. X: Sanskrit-Mandakini, based on Maharashtra State Board’s new paper pattern, I have tried to ease the mammoth task of learing Sanskrit. It is critically analysed and extensively drafted to boost the student’s confidence.

The book is divided into six parts keeping in mind the new paper pattern. The textual extracts have been carefully translated and explained. A range of all possible questions concerning the text have been constructed and duly answered. This book comprises of extensive notes on all the sections of the new paper pattern. These notes are meticulously structured so that they cover every aspect of a question, providing students with answers to any type of question frameable. The book also includes uesKevekeÀewMeueced (Essays, Kathapurti, etc.) and

DeHeefþleced-DevegJeeokeÀewMeueced (Unseen Translations). Moreover, this book efficiently deals with sizeable explanations

of complex textual matter.

I express my deepest gratitude to I.E.S. Sanskrit Kendra, Dadar for their support and cooperation.

I’m thankful for the valuable insights of my ex co-author Vidnyapana Gokarnakar and Shreehari Gokarnakar. I am greatly indebted to Mrs. Ashwini Damle for her exemplary support in the making of this book. This book would not have come into being without her constant and unwavering assistance.

I also owe thanks to Mrs. Tarangini Khot for her moral support, encouragement and constructive guidance in the preparation of this book. She has bestowed all her knowledge in making this book preeminent.

And finally, I am thankful to all my dear students, who are my true inspiration for teaching Sanskrit.

A book affects eternity; one can never tell where its influence stops.

Best of luck to all the aspirants! Author,

Maithilee Potnis

PER ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe³ee: ÒeeªHeced DeJeefOe: nesje$e³eced~ iegCee : 80 ÒeLece: efJeYeeie:- ieÐeced~ (DeJeyeesOeveced, MeyomecHeefÊe:, He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced) ÒeMve 1. De. ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ De 1. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (kesÀçefHe 2 ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~) 2

(100-120 MeyoHeefjefcele: ieÐeebMe:~)

De 2. Meyo%eeveced~ (keÀe: DeefHe 3 ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~) 3 De 3. mJeceleÒekeÀìveb ceeO³eceYee<e³ee~ 2

ÒeMve 1. ye. ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ ye 1. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (kesÀçefHe 2 ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~) 2

(100-120 MeyoHeefjefcele: ieÐeebMe:~) ye 2. Meyo%eeveced~ (keÀe: DeefHe 3 ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~) 3 ye 3. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ (kesÀJeueb ¬eÀcemeb³eespeveced~) 2 ÒeMve 1. keÀ. ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ keÀ 1. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (kesÀçefHe 2 ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~) 2

(100-120 MeyoHeefjefcele: ieÐeebMe:~) keÀ 2. Meyo%eeveced~ (keÀe: DeefHe 3 ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~) 3 keÀ 3. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ (Je=#ejsKeeef®e$eced /peeuejsKeeef®e$eced / mlecYeHetjCeced~) 2 DeJeyeesOevem³e ke=Àle³e: i, ii, iii ke=Àle³e: Òe<ìJ³ee:~ i. Gef®eleb He³ee&³eb / keÀejCeb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ ii. keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle~ / HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ iii. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eb Jee Demel³eb / ³eesi³eb Jee De³eesi³eb efueKele~ Meyo%eevem³e ke=Àle³e: i, ii, iii, iv ke=Àle³e: Òe<ìJ³ee:~ i. meefvOeefJeûen:~ ke=Àle³e: - ®elegLe&Heob efueKele / HetJe&Heob efueKele / GÊejHeob efueKele~ Gef®eleb He³ee&³eb ef®elJee efueKele~ ii. He³ee&³eMeyoe: / efJeueesceMeyoe: / efYeVeeLe&keÀMeyoe:~ ke=Àle³e: - ®e³eveced / cesueveced / mecetnslejHeom³e / ®elegLe&Heom³e uesKeveced~ iii. efJeMes<eCe - efJeMes<³e - DeeqvJeefle:~ ke=Àle³e: - ®e³eveced / cesueveced / ®elegLe&Heom³e uesKeveced~ iv. OeelegmeeefOele - DeJ³e³eeveeb (lJeevle / u³eyevle / legcevle) / efJeYekeÌl³evleHeoeveeb ®e³eveced~

efÜleer³e: efJeYeeie:- HeÐeced~

(He=LekeÌkeÀjCeb, mHe<ìerkeÀjCeb, MeyomecHeefÊe:, DevJe³eHetefle&:, mcejCeb, Je=Êe%eeveced~) ÒeMve 2.De. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìs ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~ De 1. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ (Je=#ejsKeeef®e$eced / peeuejsKeeef®e$eced / mlecYeHetjCeced~) 2

(6-8 He*deqkeÌleHeefjefcele: HeÐeebMe:~)

De 2. leelHe³e&uesKeveced / mHe<ìerkeÀjCeced~ 2 ÒeMve 2. ye. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìs ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~ ye 1. Meyo%eeveced~ 2

(6-8 He*deqkeÌleHeefjefcele: HeÐeebMe:~) ye 2. DevJe³eHetefle&:~ 2

ÒeMve 2. keÀ. mcejCeced – ÍueeskeÀuesKeveced~ (kesÀJeueb 2) 4

ÒeMve 2. [. Je=Êe%eeveced~ 1 mHe<ìerkeÀjCeced – HeÐeebMem³e ceO³eJeefle&keÀuHeveeb / mebkeÀuHeveeb ceeO³eceYee<e³ee mHe<ìb kegÀ©le~ DevJe³eHetefle&: – DevJe³es efJeÐeceeveeefve ®elJeeefj efjkeÌlemLeeveeefve ÍueeskeÀle: Meyoeved ef®elJee Hetj³ele~ Meyo%eevem³e ke=Àle³e: i, ii SkewÀkeÀiegCem³e ke=Àles Òe<ìJ³es~ i. He³ee&³eMeyoew / efJeueesceMeyoew / efYeVeeLe&keÀMeyoew~ ke=Àle³e: - ®e³eveced / cesueveced / mecetnslejHeom³e / ®elegLe&Heom³e uesKeveced~ ii. efJeMes<eCe - efJeMes<³e-DeeqvJeefle:~ ke=Àle³e: - ®e³eveced / cesueveced / ®elegLe&Heom³e uesKeveced~ mcejCeced - 3 He³ee&³es<eg 2 ÍueeskeÀew Meg×ew HetCeez uesKeveer³eew~ Je=Êe%eeveced - Je=Êeveece ef®elJee uesKeveer³eced~

le=leer³e: efJeYeeie:- mLetue Jee®eveced~ (ieÐeced/HeÐeced – DeJeyeesOeveced, He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced)

(80-120 MeyoHeefjefcele: SkeÀ: ieÐeebMe: Jee 16-18 He*deqkeÌleHeefjefcele: SkeÀ: HeÐeebMe:~) ÒeMve 3. ieÐeebMeb / HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~ 3. De DeJeyeesOeveced~ ke=Àleer: i. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eb Jee Demel³eb / ³eesi³eb Jee De³eesi³eb efueKele~ 1 ii. SkeÀHeosve GÊejb efueKele~ 1

3. ye. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced – ke=Àle³e: - Je=#ejsKeeef®e$eced / peeuejsKeeef®e$eced / cesueveced (Meyoeveeced / ÍueeskeÀebMeeveeced~) 2

®elegLe&: efJeYeeie:- uesKevekeÀewMeueced~ ÒeMve. 4 ³eLeeefveoxMeb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (kesÀJeueb 3 GHeÒeMvee: uesKeveer³ee:~) De. keÀLeeHetefle&: / Heefj®ísoHetefle&:- ce_pet<eele: Gef®eleeved Meyoeved ef®elJee 5 efjkeÌlemLeeveeefve Hetjef³elJee keÀLeeb / Heefj®ísob Hegveefue&Kele~ (HeefjefMe<ìced 6) 5 ye. efveyevOeuesKeveced - 3 He³ee&³es<eg 1 efJe<e³eced DeefOeke=Àl³e 5 JeekeÌ³eelcekebÀ efveyevOeb efueKele~ (HeefjefMe<ìced 7) 5

keÀ. mebmke=ÀleevegJeeo: - 8 JeekeÌ³ess<eg 5 JeekeÌ³eeveeb mebmke=ÀleYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~ (HeefjefMe<ìced 2) 5 [. JeekeÌ³ej®evee - (HeefjefMe<ìced 1) i. Oeeletveeb Òe³eesie: - 4 Oeeleg<eg 3 Oeeletved Òe³egp³e 3 JeekeÌ³eeefve mebmke=ÀleYee<e³ee efueKele~ 3 ii. DeMegef×mebMeesOeveced – DeJ³e³eeefve Òe³egp³e jef®eles<eg 4 JeekeÌ³es<eg 2 JeekeÌ³e³ees: DeMegef×mebMeesOeveb kegÀ©le~ 2

Heáece: efJeYeeie:- J³eekeÀjCeced – Ghe³eespevekeÀewMeueced~ ÒeMve. 5 ³eLeeefveoxMeb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (kesÀJeueb 5 GHeÒeMvee: uesKeveer³ee:~) De. ef¬eÀ³eeHeoªHew: DeeJeefueHetjCeced~ (8 He³ee&³es<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:) 3 (ÒeeOeev³esve oMeceerkeÀ#ee³ee: ke=Àles efveOee&efjleeveeb ieCeeveeb keÀeueeLe&ªHeeefCe leLee efÜleer³eYeefJe<³elkeÀeuem³e,Hejes#eYetlekeÀeuem³e ®e

ªHeeefCe~)

ye. veece meJe&veecveeªHew: DeeJeefueHetjCeced~ (8 He³ee&³es<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:) 3 (ÒeeOeev³esve oMeceerkeÀ#ee³ee: ke=Àles efveOee&efjleeefve veeceeefve leLee Sleled, meJe&, Dev³e, Foced, Demceod, ³eg<ceod meJe&veeceeefve~) keÀ. OeelegmeeefOeleefJeMes<eCeeveeb He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ (keÀes<þkeÀHetefle&:~) (8 He³ee&³es<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) 3 (keÀle&.Yet.Oee.efJe., keÀce&.Yet.Oee.efJe., keÀ.efJe.Oee.efJe., Je.keÀe.Oee.efJe. – ÒeLeceeSkeÀJe®evem³e ªHeeefCe~) (Past Active Participle, Past Passive Participle, Potnetial Passive Participle, Present Active Participle, Nominative singular forms) [. meceemee:~ - (8 He³ee&³es<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) 3

ke=Àleer-mecemleHeoeveeb / efJeûenJeekeÌ³eeveeb meceemeveeceefYe: men cesueveced / keÀes<þkeÀHetjCeced~ F. JeekeÌ³eHeefjJele&veced~ (4 He³ee&³es<eg 3 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) 3 i. Òe³eesieHeefjJele&veced~ (Change the vocie) ii. meeflemeHleceerj®evee~ (Absolute Locative)

iii. Òe³eespekeÀj®evee~ (Causative Construction)

iv. lJeced YeJeeved Fefle HeefjJele&veced ~ (interchange lJeced YeJeeved) HeÀ. me*dK³eeJee®ekeÀe:~ (J³eekeÀjCeefJeJes®eveced 7) (4 He³ee&³es<eg 3 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) 3 ke=Àefle:- efjkeÌlemLeeveHetefle&:~

<e<þ: efJeYeeie:- DevegJeeokeÀewMeueced~ ÒeMve 6. ³eLeeefveoxMeb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ De. mebmke=ÀleieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~ (HeefjefMe<ìced 3) 4 ye. mebmke=ÀleHeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~ (HeefjefMe<ìced 4) 4 keÀ. mebmke=ÀleveeìîeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~ (HeefjefMe<ìced 5) 4

¬eÀ. Heeþ:~ He=<þ ¬eÀ.

ÒeLece: efJeYeeie: ieÐeced DeJeyeesOeveced~

1. DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:~ Story 1

2. Tpee&meáe³e: SJe Oevemeáe³e:~ (Dialogue) 16

3. efμeuHekeÀej: keÀjcejkeÀjceneso³e:~ Informative 29

4. DeeeqlcekeÀer mecHeod~ Story 46

5. Heef#eefce$ee YeJeece:~ Informative 63

6. jmeemJeeoveced~ (Dialogue) 81

7. %eevekeÀuHeJe=#e:~ Informative 93

8. Decetu³eb efJeÐeles meJe&ced~ Story 105

9. Üs keÀLes mJeeefceefJeJeskeÀevevom³e~ Story 118

efÜleer³e: efJeYeeie: HeÐeced DeJeyeesOeveced~

1. megYeeef<eleceeuee 1~ (For recitation) 134

2. efmekeÀleemesleg:~ 143

3. veceeefce je<ì^OJepeced~ 154

4. Devl³ee#ejer~ (For recitation) 162

5. yegNneCeHegjefμeueeuesKe:~ 170

6. megYeeef<eleceeuee 2~ (For recitation) 177

le=leer³e: efJeYeeie: mLetueJee®eveced DeJeyeesOeveced~

1. keÀueeveeb ÒeJejb ef®e$eced~ (Rapid Reading)

185

2. mebmke=Àlee JeekedÀ-Yeejleer³emebmke=Àlescet&ueced~

(Rapid Reading)

190

®elegLe&: efJeYeeie: uesKevekeÀewMeueced~

1 keÀLeeHetefle&:~ 197

2. efveyevOeuesKeveced~ 199

3. mebmke=ÀleevegJeeo:~ 205

4. JeekeÌ³ej®evee~

A. Oeeletveeb Òe³eesie:~ 207

B. DeJ³e³eeveeb Òe³eesie:~ 209

Heáece: efJeYeeie: J³eekeÀjCeced GHe³eespevekeÀewMeueced~

1 Grammatical Explanations 1, 2 and 3-Exercises

213

2. ef¬eÀ³eeHeoeefve~

A. Hejes#e-YetlekeÀeue: (Past Perfect Tense) 216

B. efÜleer³e-YeefJe<³ekeÀeue: (Second Future Tense) 217

C. eq®Je ªHeeefCe~ (eq®Je - Forms) 218

D. veeceOeeleg:~ (Nominal Root) 219

E. Important forms appeared in the text

book220

F. Table of Verb forms 222

3. meceemee:~ 223

4. me*dK³eeuesKeveced~ 236

5. JeekeÌ³eHeefjJele&veced~

A. Òe³eesiee:~ (Voice) 237

B. meefle-meHleceer ~ (Absolute Locative) 241

C. Òe³eespekeÀ:~ (Causal) 242

<e<þ: efJeYeeie: DeHeefþleced-DevegJeeokeÀewMeueced~

1. ieÐeebMee:~ 244

2. HeÐeebMee:~ 252

3. veeìîeebMee:~ 255

4. ÒeefleoMe& - ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe 260

Note: Questions of grammar like HeoHeefj®e³e:, meceemeHeefj®e³e:, met®eveevegmeejb HeefjJele&veb kegÀ©le that fall in the Heáece: efJeYeeie:

J³eekeÀjCeced are included in the ÒeLece: efJeYeeie: ieÐeced-DeJeyeesOeveced. This helps students for quick reference of these

words from the respective lessons. For the question ÍueeskeÀm³e leelHe³e¥/ mHe<ìerkeÀjCeb ceeO³eceYee<e³ee efueKele students have the liberty to answer the

question in their medium of education. Student can either use given translation to answer it.

1

01 : DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:~

ieÐeebMe: - 1 ®evêHegjveeeqcve veiejs..............................................................................Ye#eef³elJee mevleg<ìesçYeJeled~

(words 115) ®evêHegjveeeqcve veiejs meesceMecee& veece OeefvekeÀ: + JeefCeied efveJemeefle mce~ A rich merchant named Somasharma used to stay in the city named Chandrapur. lem³e vewkesÀ J³eJemee³ee: Deemeved~ He had many trades. GÐeesieJ³eûe: me: + ie®ílee keÀeuesve DemJeemL³eced + DevegYeJeefle mce~ Being engrossed in the work, over a period, he started feeling unhealthy. vewkesÀ GHe®eeje: + peelee:, Hejb meJex efJeHeÀuee:~ Many treatments were given but all were futile. SkeÀeqmceved efoves lemcew DevevleYeÆJewÐem³e efJe<e³es kesÀve + DeefHe keÀefLeleced~ One day, somebody told him about doctor Anantabhatta. lele: + leced + Deeveslegb lesve OeefvekesÀve melJejb mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ Then, a servant was immediately sent by that rich man to bring him (Anantabhatta). efkeÀvleg mesJekesÀve Deeveerles mevosMes efueefKeleced + Deemeerled , `YeJevleced + GHe®eefjlegb meevevoced + F®íeefce~ But it was written in the message brought by a servant, ‘I would like to treat you with pleasure. leLee + DeefHe ce³ee cece efve³eceeveeb Heeueveced + DeHes#³eles~ Still, I expect my rules to be followed. ef®eefkeÀlmeeced + DeefYeue<eved ©iCe: mJe³eced + SJe cece meceerHes Deeie®íleg~ Patient desiring treatment should come to me personally. ke=ÀHe³ee met³eexo³eeled + Devevlejb HeodY³eeced + SJe Deeie®íleg~' After the Sunrise, please come on foot’. Deefve®í³ee + SJe Dev³esÐeg: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Òeefle HeodY³eeced + SJe ieleJeeved~ Next day, Somasharma unwillingly walked to Anantabhatta. yeeuemet³e&m³e efkeÀjCes<eg HeodY³eeb ®euevesve ÒemeVe: meesceMecee&, ’ke=ÀHe³ee, YeJeeved melJejced + GHe®eejb keÀjesleg~ By walking in the rays of early sun, being delighted, Somasharma said, “Could you please treat(me) immediately. MeerIe´b ievleJ³eb ce³ee,“ Fefle + DeJeoled~ I have to go quickly.” DevevleYeÆ: + DeYee<ele, ’Yees:, YeJeeved Òeefleefoveb ÒeYeeles keÀjCeer³eeefve keÀe³ee&efCe meceeH³e GÐeevem³e efvekeÀìs ÒeJenle: + efvePe&jm³e peues mveelJee Òel³eeie®íleg~“ Anantabhatta said, “Oh!, having completed daily morning ablutions come back after taking a bath in the water of the stream flowing near the garden.” DevevleYeÆm³e + DeeosMesve GefÜive: meesceMecee& leled + mLeeveb ielJee mveeveb ke=ÀleJeeved~ Agitated due to the instructions of Anantabhatta, having gone to that place, Somasharma took a bath.

DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:~ÒeLece: efJeYeeie: - ieÐeced DeJeyeesOeveced~

01

2

Std. X : Sanskrit ‐ Mandakini

2

Megef®eYet&le: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆm³e ie=nb Òel³eeieleJeeved~ Refreshed Somasharma returned to the house of Anantabhatta. lele: + lem³e JewÐem³e Helv³ee HeefjJesef<eleb meeeqÊJekeÀced + DeuHeb ÒeelejeMeb Ye#eef³elJee mevleg<ì: + DeYeJeled~ Then he was contented, having eaten wholesome little breakfast served by the wife of that doctor. DeJeyeesOeveced~ A. SkeÀJeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ *1. JewÐem³e Helv³ee efkebÀ HeefjJesef<eleced? Ans: JewÐem³e Helv³ee meeeqÊJekeÀ: DeuHe: ÒeelejeMe: HeefjJesef<ele:~ *2. meesceMecee& kegÀ$e efveJemeefle mce? Ans: meesceMecee& ®evêHegjveeeqcve veiejs efveJemeefle mce~ *3. meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Òeefle keÀLeb ieleJeeved? Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Òeefle HeodY³eecesJe ieleJeeved~ 4. Dev³esÐeg: meesceMecee& kebÀ Òeefle ieleJeeved? Ans: Dev³esÐeg: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Òeefle ieleJeeved~ 5. DevevleYeÆm³e DeeosMesve GefÜive: meesceMecee& efkebÀ ke=ÀleJeeved? Ans: DevevleYeÆm³e DeeosMesve GefÜive: meesceMecee& lelmLeeveb ielJee

mveeveb ke=ÀleJeeved~ 6. Megef®eYet&le: meesceMecee& kegÀ$e Òel³eeieleJeeved? Ans: Megef®eYet&le: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆm³e ie=nb Òel³eeieleJeeved~ 7. ®evêHegjveeeqcve veiejs keÀ: efveJemeefle mce? Ans: ®evêHegjveeeqcve veiejs meesceMecee& efveJemeefle mce ~ 8. OeefvekesÀve keÀ: Òesef<ele:? Ans: OeefvekesÀve mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ 9. JewÐem³e Helv³ee HeefjJesef<eleb meeeqÊJekeÀceuHeb ÒeelejeMeb Ye#eef³elJee

keÀ: mevleg<ìessçYeJeled? Ans: JewÐem³e Helv³ee HeefjJesef<eleb meeeqÊJekeÀceuHeb ÒeelejeMeb Ye#eef³elJee

meesceMecee & mevleg<ìessçYeJeled~ B. ce¡et<eele: ³eesi³eb He³ee&³eb ef®elJee efjkeÌlemLeeveb Hetj³ele~ *1. ©iCe: mJe³ecesJe _______ meceerHes Deeie®íleg~

(cece, cenîeced, ceeced) Ans: ©iCe: mJe³ecesJe cece meceerHes Deeie®íleg~ *2. _______ efvekeÀìs ÒeJenlees efvePe&jm³e peues mveelJee

Òel³eeie®íleg~ (GÐeeves, GÐeeveeled, GÐeevem³e) Ans: GÐeevem³e efvekeÀìs ÒeJenlees efvePe&jm³e peues mveelJee Òel³eeie®íleg~ 3. lem³e _______ J³eJemee³ee: Deemeved~

(vewkeÀe:, vewkesÀ, vewkeÀeefve) Ans: lem³e vewkesÀ J³eJemee³ee: Deemeved~

4. ke=ÀHe³ee _______ Devevlejb HeodY³eecesJe Deeie®íleg~ (met³eexo³eced, met³eexo³eeled, met³eexo³em³e)

Ans: ke=ÀHe³ee met³eexo³eeled Devevlejb HeodY³eecesJe Deeie®íleg~ C. keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle? Fefle efueKele~ 1. `YeJevlecegHe®eefjlegb meevevoefce®íeefce~' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ 2. `MeerIe´b ievleJ³eb ce³ee~' Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Jeoefle~ 3. `efvePe&jm³e peues mveelJee Òel³eeie®íleg~' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ D. DeOeesefveefo&<ìb JeekeÌ³eb mel³eb Jee Demel³eced Fefle efueKele~ 1. meesceMecee& DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ Ans: mel³eced~ 2. lesve OeefvekesÀve melJejb mevosMe: Òesef<ele:~ Ans: Demel³eced~ 3. meesceMecee& lelmLeeveb ielJee mveeveb ke=ÀleJeeved~ Ans: mel³eced~ E. Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ 1. meesceMecee& DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ ³ele: _______

(me: Je=×: peele:~ / me: DeleerJe keÀe³e&J³eûe: Deemeerled~) Ans: meesceMecee& DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ ³ele: me: DeleerJe

keÀe³e&J³eûe: Deemeerled~ 2. _______ OeefvekesÀve melJejb mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~

(DevevleYeÆJewÐeced Deeveslegced / HeÀueeefve Deeveslegced) Ans: DevevleYeÆJewÐeced Deeveslegb OeefvekesÀve melJejb mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ 3. _______ meesceMecee& mevleg<ìesçYeJeled~

(GÐeeveb ielJee / meeeqÊJekeÀceuHebb ÒeelejeMeb Ye#eef³elJee) Ans: meeeqÊJekeÀceuHebb ÒeelejeMeb Ye#eef³elJee meesceMecee& mevleg<ìesçYeJeled~ ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejb efueKele~ 1. mesJekesÀve Deeveerles mevosMes efkebÀ efueefKeleced Deemeerled? Ans: This extract is from the lesson `DeveIee&:

<e[d JewÐee:~' in which the importance of six

naturally available precious doctors is described. If one pays attention to these

3

01 : DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:~factors in routine life then he can easily keep the real doctor away.

A very rich merchant Somasharma who was always engrossed in work started feeling unhealthy. All the treatments were futile. As somebody told him about doctor Anantabhatta, he immediately sent a servent to bring the doctor. But instead of coming to Somasharma’s house Anantabhatta sent him a message saying that he would like to treat Somasharma but he expects his rules to be followed. He also said that the patient desiring treatment should himself go to him after the sunrise and that he should walk to his house.

¬eÀcemeb³eespeveced~ 1. Ieìvee¬eÀceevegmeejsCe efueKele~ i. lesve mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ ii. lesve DevevleYeÆm³e efJe<e³es %eeleced~ iii. mesJekesÀve mevosMe: Deeveerle:~ iv. meesceMecee& DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ Ans: i. meesceMecee& DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ ii. lesve DevevleYeÆm³e efJe<e³es %eeleced~ iii. lesve mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ iv. mesJekesÀve mevosMe: Deeveerle:~ 2. DeOeesefueefKeleeefve JeekeÌ³eeefve Ieìvee¬eÀceevegmeejb Hegveefue&Kele~ i. JewÐem³e Helv³ee ÒeelejeMe: HeefjJesef<ele:~ ii. Megef®eYet&le: me: DevevleYeÆm³e ie=nb Òel³eeieleJeeved~ iii. me: DevevleYeÆb Òeefle HeodY³eecesJe ieleJeeved~ iv. meesceMecee& mveeveb ke=ÀleJeeved~ Ans: i. me: DevevleYeÆb Òeefle HeodY³eecesJe ieleJeeved~ ii. meesceMecee& mveeveb ke=ÀleJeeved~ iii. Megef®eYet&le: me: DevevleYeÆm³e ie=nb Òel³eeieleJeeved~ iv. JewÐem³e Helv³ee ÒeelejeMe: HeefjJesef<ele:~ 3. Ieìvee¬eÀceevegmeejsCe Hegveefue&Kele~ Ans:

Meyo%eeveced~ A. He³ee&³eMeyoeveeb ®e³eveced~ I. Heefj®ísos He³ee&³eJeeef®eMeyob ef®evegle~ *1. meOeve:, OeveJeeved, Oevee{îe: (Rich) = OeefvekeÀ:~ *2. efYe<ekedÀ, ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀ:, efYe<eiJej: (Doctor) = JewÐe:~ *3. MeerIeced, ®eHeueced, letCe&ced, DeeMeg (Quickly) = melJejced~ *4. meefJeOes, efvekeÀìs, Deotjs (Near) = meceerHes~ *5. Yee³ee&, pee³ee, keÀue$eced (Wife) = Helveer~ 6. Þesÿer, YeeC[Heefle:, meeLe&Jeen:,

DeeHeefCekeÀ: (Merchant) = JeefCekedÀ~

7. oeme:, Ye=l³e:, Heefjpeve: (Servent) = mesJekeÀ:~ 8. jesieer, DemJemLe: (Sick) = ©iCe:~ 9. meoveced, efvekesÀleveced (House) = ie=nced~ II. Heefj®ísoeled He³ee&³eMeyo³egieueb ef®evegle~ 1. melJejced = MeerIe´ced (Quickly)~ 2. meceerHes = efvekeÀìs (Near)~ 3. ÒemeVe: = mevlegä: (Pleased)~ 4. DeJeoled = DeYee<ele (Said)~ B. Heefj®ísos efJeueesceMeyob ef®evegle~ *1. Mevew:, cevoced (Slowly) melJejced, MeerIe´ced

(Fast, Quickly)~ *2. otjs (Far) meceerHes, efvekeÀìs (Near)~ 3. meHeÀuee: (Fruitful) efJeHeÀuee: (Futile)~ 4. oefjê:, DeOeve: (Poor) OeefvekeÀ: (Rich)~ 5. mJeemL³eced (Health) DemJeemL³eced (Sickness)~ 6. met³ee&mle: (Sunset) met³eexo³e: (Sunrise)~ 7. Demevlegä: (Unsatisfied) mevlegä: (Satisfied)~ C. mecetnslejb Heob ef®elJee efueKele~ 1. Deemeved, Deeie®íleg, Òel³eeie®íleg, keÀjesleg Ans: Deemeved~ 2. meceerHes, Òeefle, Òesef<ele:, efvekeÀìs Ans: Òesef<ele:~ 3. meceeH³e, mveelJee, ielJee, Ye#eef³elJee Ans: meceeH³e~ 4. Deemeerled, efveJemeefle, Deemeved, DeYeJeled Ans: efveJemeefle~ 5. ieleJeeved, ke=ÀleJeeved, Òel³eeieleJeeved, Òesef<ele: Ans: Òesef<ele:~

meesceMecee&

i. DevevleYeÆm³e DeeosMesve GefÜive:~ ii. DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ iii. ÒeelejeMeb Ye#eef³elJee mevleg<ì:~ iv. HeodY³eeb ®euevesve ÒemeVe:~

meesceMecee&

i. DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ ii. HeodY³eeb ®euevesve ÒemeVe:~ iii. DevevleYeÆm³e DeeosMesve GefÜive:~ iv. ÒeelejeMeb Ye#eef³elJee mevleg<ì:~

4


4

6. efueefKeleced, keÀefLeleced, ke=ÀleJeeved, Deeveerles Ans: ke=ÀleJeeved~ 7. ievleJ³eced, GHe®eefjlegced, keÀjCeer³eeefve, keÀe³ee&efCe Ans: Ghe®eefjlegced~ D. ³eesi³eb ®elegLe&Heob efueKele~ 1. Ans: 2. Ans: 3. Ans: 4. Ans: 5. Ans: 6. Ans: 7. Ans: 8. Ans: E. OeelegmeeefOele-DeJ³e³eeveeb ®e³eveced~ 1. ieÐeebMes Deeieleeefve HetJe&keÀeueJee®ekeÀ-OeelegmeeefOele-

DeJ³e³eeefve ef®elJee efueKele~ Ans: lJeevle-DeJ³e³eeefve- i. mveelJee ii. ielJee iii. Ye#eef³elJee u³eyevle-DeJ³e³eced- i. meceeH³e 2. ieÐeebMes Deeieles nslJeLe&keÀ-OeelegmeeefOele-legcevle-DeJ³e³es

ef®elJee efueKele~ Ans: i. Deeveslegced i. GHe®eeefjlegced F. meefvOeefJeûenb kegÀ©le~ *1. OeefvekeÀes JeefCekedÀ = OeefvekeÀ: + JeefCekedÀ~ *2. Fl³eJeoled = Fefle + DeJeoled~ *3. DevevleYeÆesçYee<ele = DevevleYeÆ: + DeYee<ele~ 4. ef®eefkeÀlmeeceefYeue<eved = ef®eefkeÀlmeeced + DeefYeue<eved~ 5. met³eexo³eeovevlejced = met³eexo³eeled + Devevlejced~

6. lelemleceeveslegced = lele: + leced + Deeveslegced~ 7. YeJevlecegHe®eefjlegced = YeJevleced + GHe®eefjlegced~ 8. ÒeJenlees efvePe&jm³e = ÒeJenle: + efvePe&jm³e~ 9. lelemlem³e = lele: + lem³e~ G. meefvOeb kegÀ©le~ 1. kesÀve + DeefHe = kesÀveeefHe~ 2. meevevoced + F®íeefce = meevevoefce®íeefce~ 3. leLee + DeefHe = leLeeefHe~ 4. mJe³eced + SJe = mJe³ecesJe~ 5. Deefve®í³ee + SJe = Deefve®í³ewJe~ 6. meeefÊJekeÀced + DeuHeced = meeefÊJekeÀceuHeced~ 7. mevleg<ì: + DeYeJeled = mevleg<ìesçYeJeled~ H. efJeMes<³e-efJeMes<eCe-DeefvJeefle:~ 1. meesceMece&Ce: ke=Àles Òe³egkeÌleeefve efJeMes<eCeeefve ef®elJee peeueef®e$eb

Hetj³ele~ Ans: 1. OeefvekeÀ: 2. GÐeesieJ³eûe:

3. ÒemeVe: 4. GefÜive: 5. Megef®eYet&le: 2. Heefj®ísomLeeefve efJeMes<³eeefCe efueKele~ i. OeefvekeÀ: JeefCekedÀ~ ii. keÀjCeer³eeefve keÀe³ee&efCe~ iii. meeefÊJekeÀced ÒeelejeMeced~ iv. ie®ílee keÀeuesve~ 3. Gef®ele ªHeb efueKele~

i. GÐeesieJ³eie: JeefCekedÀ~ GÐeesieJ³eûee DeO³eeefHekeÀe~ GÐeesieJ³eûeb efce$eced~ ii. mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ Heef$ekeÀe Òesef<elee~ HegmlekebÀ Òesef<eleced~

meesceMecee& JeefCekedÀ DevevleYeÆ: _______

meesceMecee& JeefCekedÀ DevevleYeÆ: JewÐe:

melJejced MeerIe´ced meceerHes _______

melJejced MeerIe´ced meceerHes efvekeÀìs

ielJee ieced – ie®íd Ye#eef³elJee _______

ielJee ieced – ie®íd Ye#eef³elJee Ye#ed

me: lem³e Denced _______

me: lem³e Denced cece

Òesef<ele: Òes<ed efueefKeleced _______

Òesef<ele: Òes<ed efueefKeleced efueKed

OeefvekeÀ: OeefvekeÀe: JeefCekedÀ _______

OeefvekeÀ: OeefvekeÀe: JeefCekedÀ JeefCepe:

meesceMecee& 34

25

1

efveJemeefle mce v³eJemeled DevegYeJeefle mce _______

efveJemeefle mce v³eJemeled DevegYeJeefle mce DevJeYeJeled.

Dee + veer Deeveslegced GHe + ®ejdd _______

Dee + veer Deeveslegced GHe + ®ejdd GHe®eefjlegced.

5


ieÐeebMe: - 2 Devevlejb me: DevevleYeÆsve ..............................................................................men<e¥ mJeie=nb v³eJele&le~

(words 150) Devevlejb me: DevevleYeÆsve men GÐeeves Deece´Je=#em³e + DeOe: oesuee³eeced + GHeefJe<ì:~ Then after, with Anantbhatta, he sat on the swing below the mango tree in the garden. Deew<eOeeveeb efJe<e³es Jeejb Jeejb meesceMece&Cee He=<ìs meefle DevevleYeÆ: + J³eeOe³e: keÀer¢Meb Heer[³eefvle Sleled mHe<ìerkegÀJe&ved + Deemeerled~ Being repeatedly asked by Somasharma, regarding the medicines, Anantabhatta was explaning that how diseases cause pain. oesuee³eeced + GHeefJe<ì: meesceMecee& Mevew: Mevew: efveêeOeerve: + peele:~ Somasharma being seated on the swing, gradually fell asleep. menmee ueIJeeIeelesve peeieefjle: meesceMecee& mebkeÀes®esve + DeJeoled , ’#ec³eleeced~ Suddenly, awakened by a small jerk, Somasharma embarasingly said, “excuse (me). efveêeHeeref[le: + Denb keÀoe megHle: Fefle ve peeves~ Being afflicted by sleep, I don’t know when I felt asleep. Dele: + ®eefkeÀle: + Denced~ So, I was surprised. ke=ÀHe³ee YeJeeved cece GHe®eejeved keÀLe³eefle efkeÀced?“ Could you please tell me about my treatment?” megnem³eJeove: DevevleYeÆ: + DeJeoled , ’YeJele: + GHe®eeje: ÒeejyOee: + SJe~ Having pleasant smile on the face, Anantabhatta said, “Your treatments have already started. cece <e[defYe: mene³ekewÀ: + JewÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe keÀe³e&ced + DeejyOeced~“ My six assistant doctors have started the work as healers.“ Sleled + efveMec³e ®eefkeÀle®eefkeÀle: meesceMecee& DeHe=®íled, ’<e[d JewÐee:?“ Having heard this, extremely astonished Somasharma asked, “Six doctors?” DevevleYeÆ: Òel³egJee®e ’met³e&ÒekeÀeMe:, megKeoJee³eg:, Meerleuepeueb, J³ee³eece:, meeeqÊJekeÀYeespeveb, efJeÞeece: + ®e + Fefle~ Anantabhatta replied, “Sunlight, pleasant breeze, cool water, exercise, wholesome food and rest. SlesY³e: + cenlleje: kesÀ + DeefHe mene³ekeÀe: JewÐee: + ve Jele&vles~ There are no other assistant doctors superior than these ones. YeJelme¢Mee: + efJeefJeOekeÀe³e&J³eûee: + pevee: + Sles<eg <eìdmeg JewÐes<eg ve + DeJeOeeveb ooefle + Fefle peeveeefce + Denced~ I know that, people like you who are busy in various works, don’t pay attention to these six doctors. Dele: + SJe YeJeeved ÒeYeeles HeodY³eeced + Deeie®íleg Fefle ce³ee keÀefLeleced~ That is why, I told you to come on foot in the morning. YeJevleced + Denb Meerleuepeues mveelegb meeeqÊJekeÀYeespeveb YeeskeÌlegb ®e ÒesefjleJeeved~ I motivated you to bath in cool water and eat wholesome food. Sles meJex + DevegYeJee: Deevevooe³ekeÀe: + Fefle YeJelee metef®eleced + SJe~ It was indicated by you that all these experiences were delightful. YeJeeved + Sleeved <e[dJewÐeeved Òeefle DeJeOeeveb oÊJee Deevevoced + DevegYeJeleg~ You experience happiness by paying attention to these six doctors. Sles<eeb <eCCeeb JewÐeeveeced + GHe®eeje: + Gllecee: + ve meefvle efkeÀced? Are not the treatments of these six doctors the best?

6


6

Fle: + DeefHe ³eefo YeJeeved + DeefOekebÀ meene³³eced + DeHes#eles leefn& meHlece: + JewÐe: + Denb menkeÀe³ee&Le¥ meoe + SJe efme×: + Deeqmce + Fefle~“ If at all, you expect further additional help, then myself, the seventh doctor is always ready to help.“ ye×e¡eefue: meesceMecee& meeojced + DevevleYeÆe³e DekeÀLe³eled ’meHlecem³e JewÐem³e DeeJeM³ekeÀlee ve m³eeled SleoLex + Denb meoe + SJe ³eLeeMeeqkeÌle Òe³eefle<³es~“ With folded hands, Somasharma said with due respect to Anantabhatta, “I will always strive to the best of my capability, so that there should not be the need of seventh doctor.“ lele: + JewÐejepee³e Oev³eJeeoeved Òeoe³e meesceMecee& men<e¥ mJeie=nb v³eJele&le~

Then after giving thanks to the great doctor, Somasharma happily returned to his home. DeJeyeesOeveced~ A. SkeÀJeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ *1. meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆsve men kegÀ$e GHeefJe<ì:? Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆsve men GÐeeves Deece´Je=#em³e DeOe:

oesuee³eeced GHeefJe<ì: ~ *2. meesceMecee& kegÀ$e efveêeOeerve: peele:? Ans: meesceMecee& oesuee³eeb efveêeOeerve: peele:~ *3. efJeefJeOekeÀe³e&J³eûee: pevee: efkebÀ kegÀJe&eqvle? Ans: efJeefJeOekeÀe³e&J³eûee: pevee: <eìdmeg JewÐes<eg DeJeOeeveb ve ooefle~ 4. efveêeHeeref[le: keÀ: megHle:? Ans: efveêeHeeref[le: meesceMecee& megHle:~ 5. kewÀ: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe keÀe³e&ceejyOeced? Ans: DevevleYeÆm³e <e[defYe: mene³ekewÀJezÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe

keÀe³e&ceejyOeced ~ 6. <e[d JewÐee: kesÀ? Ans: met³e&ÒekeÀeMe:, megKeoJee³eg:, Meerleuepeueb, J³ee³eece:,

meeeqÊJekeÀYeespeveb, efJeÞeece: ®e Fefle <e[d JewÐee:~ 7. DevevleYeÆ: efkebÀ mHe<ìerkegÀJe&vveemeerled? Ans: DevevleYeÆ: J³eeOe³e: keÀer¢Meb Heer[³eeqvle Sleled mHe<ìerkegÀJe&vveemeerled~ 8. meowJe menkeÀe³ee&Le¥ efme×: meHlece: JewÐe: keÀ:? Ans: meowJe menkeÀe³ee&Le¥ efme×: meHlece: JewÐe: DevevleYeÆ:~ 9. meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆsve men keÀm³e DeOe: oesuee³eeced GHeefJe<ì? Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆsve men Deece´Je=#em³e DeOe: oesuee³eeced

GHeefJe<ì~ 10. meesceMece&Cee Jeejb Jeejb keÀm³e efJe<e³es He=<ìced? Ans: meesceMece&Cee Jeejb Jeejb Deew<eOeeveeced efJe<e³es He=<ìced~ 11. <e[defYe: mene³ekewÀJezÐew: kesÀve ªHesCe keÀe³e&ceejyOeced? Ans: <e[defYe: mene³ekewÀJezÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe keÀe³e&ceejyOeced~

12. DevevleYeÆ: efkebÀ YeeskeÌlegb ÒesefjleJeeved? Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meeefÊJekeÀYeespeveced YeeskeÌlegb ÒesefjleJeeved~ 13. DevevleYeÆ: efkeÀceLe¥ meowJe efme×: Deeqmle? Ans: DevevleYeÆ: menkeÀe³ee&Le&ced meowJe efme×: Deeqmle~ 14. keÀmcew Oev³eJeeoeved Òeoe³e meesceMecee& mJeie=nb v³eJele&le? Ans: JewÐejepee³e Oev³eJeeoeved Òeoe³e meesceMecee& mJeie=nb v³eJele&le~ 15. meesceMecee& men<e¥ kegÀ$e v³eJele&le? Ans: meesceMecee& men<e¥ mJeie=nced v³eJele&le~ B. ³eesi³eb He³ee&³eb ef®elJee efjkeÌlemLeeveHetefle¥ kegÀ©le~ *1. Sles<eg _______ JewÐes<eg veeJeOeeveb ooleerefle~

(<e[defYe:, <eìdmeg, <e[d) Ans: Sles<eg <eìdmeg JewÐes<eg veeJeOeeveb ooleerefle~ 2. cece _______ mene³ekewÀJezÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe

keÀe³e&ceejyOeced~ (<e[defYe:, <eCCeeced, <eìdmeg) Ans: cece <e[defYe: mene³ekewÀJezÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe

keÀe³e&ceejyOeced~ 3. _______ cenÊeje: kesÀçefHe mene³ekeÀe: JewÐee ve Jele&vles~

(Sles<eeced, SlesY³e:, Slew:) Ans: SlesY³e: cenÊeje: kesÀçefHe mene³ekeÀe: JewÐee ve Jele&vles~ 4. me: _______ men GÐeeves DeeceJe=#em³eeOe: oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì:~

(DevevleYeÆe³e, DevevleYeÆsve, DevevleYeÆm³e) Ans: me: DevevleYeÆsve men GÐeeves Deece´Je=#em³eeOe:

oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì:~ 5. YeJeevesleeved _______ Òeefle DeJeOeeveb oÊJee DeevevocevegYeJeleg~

(<e[dJewÐesY³e:, <e[dJewÐeeveeced, <e[dJewÐeeved) Ans: YeJeevesleeved <e[dJewÐeeved Òeefle DeJeOeeveb oÊJee DeevevocevegYeJeleg~ 6. Sles<eeb _______ JewÐeeveecegHe®eeje GÊecee ve meeqvle efkeÀced?

(<eCCeeced, <eìdmeg, <e[defYe:) Ans: Sles<eeb <eCCeeb JewÐeeveecegHe®eeje GÊecee ve meeqvle efkeÀced?

7


7. meesceMecee& meeojced _______ DekeÀLe³eled~ (DevevleYeÆs, DevevleYeÆced, DevevleYeÆe³e)

Ans: meesceMecee& meeojced DevevleYeÆe³e DekeÀLe³eled~ 8. _______ Oev³eJeeoeved Òeoe³e meesceMecee& men<e¥ mJeie=nb v³eJele&le~

(JewÐejepesve, JewÐejepee³e, JewÐejepeced) Ans: JewÐejepee³e Oev³eJeeoeved Òeoe³e meesceMecee& men<e¥ mJeie=nb v³eJele&le~ C. keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle? Fefle efueKele~ 1. `efveêeHeeref[leesçnb keÀoe megHle: Fefle ve peeves~' Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Jeoefle~ 2. `Dele½eefkeÀleesçnced~' Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Jeoefle~ 3. `ke=ÀHe³ee YeJeeved cece GHe®eejeved keÀLe³eefle efkeÀced?~' Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Jeoefle~ 4. `YeJele GHe®eeje: ÒeejyOee SJe~' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ 5. `cece <e[defYe: mene³ekewÀJezÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe keÀe³e&ceejyOeced~' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ 6. `<e[d JewÐee:?' Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Jeoefle~ 7. `SlesY³ees cenÊeje: kesÀçefHe mene³ekeÀe: JewÐee: ve Jele&vles~' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ 8. `YeJeevesleeved <e[dJewÐeeved Òeefle DeJeOeeveb oÊJee DeevevocevegYeJeleg~' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ 9. `Sles<eeb <eCCeeb JewÐeeveecegHe®eeje GÊecee ve meeqvle efkeÀced?' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ 10. `meHlecees JewÐeesçnb menkeÀe³ee&Le¥ meowJe efme×esçmceerefle~' Ans: DevevleYeÆ: meesceMecee&Ceb Jeoefle~ 11. `meHlecem³e JewÐem³e DeeJeM³ekeÀlee ve m³eeled SleoLexçnb meowJe

³eLeeMeeqkeÌle Òe³eefle<³es~' Ans: meesceMecee& DevevleYeÆb Jeoefle~ D. mel³eb Jee Demel³eced~ 1. meesceMecee& pecyetJe=#em³eeOe: oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì:~ Ans: Demel³eced~ 2. oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì: DevevleYeÆ: Mevew: Mevew: efveêeOeervees peele:~ Ans: Demel³eced~ 3. efJeefJeOekeÀe³e&J³eûee: pevee: Sles<eg <eìdmeg JewÐes<eg DeJeOeeveb ve ooefle~ Ans: mel³eced~

4. Sles<eeb <eCCeeb JewÐeeveecegHe®eeje GÊecee ve meeqvle~ Ans: Demel³eced~ F. Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ 1. oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì: meesceMecee& megHle:~ ³ele: _______

(me: efveêeHeeref[le: Deemeerled~ / jeef$e: peelee~) Ans: oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì: meesceMecee& megHle:~ ³ele: me: efveêeHeeref[le:

Deemeerled~ 2. _______ DevevleYeÆJewÐe: meesceMecee&Ceb HeodY³eeceeievlegb

keÀefLeleJeeved~ (pevee: <eìdmeg JewÐes<eg veeJeOeeveb ooleerefle %eelJee /

lem³e meceerHes Jeenveb veemleerefle %eelJee) Ans: pevee: <eìdmeg JewÐes<eg veeJeOeeveb ooleerefle %eelJee

DevevleYeÆJewÐe: meesceMecee&Ceb HeodY³eeceeievlegb keÀefLeleJeeved~ ceeO³eceYee<e³ee mJeceleÒekeÀìveced~ 1. kesÀ DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:? Ans: Sunlight, pleasant breeze, cool water,

exercise, wholesome food and rest are the six naturally available precious doctors. They can help to keep everybody mentally and physically fit. They never ask for anything in return as their fees. They do not discriminate between people. Some of them available in nature. And everybody has to take care of their body by eating wholesome food at proper times and exercising regularly. One must also rest at proper timings. This helps us to keep fit and live long healthy life. And one can surely keep a real doctor at bay.

2. <eCCeeb JewÐeeveeb mene³³esve Je³eb keÀLeb Deevevosve peerefJelegb MekeÌvegce:? Ans: In the lesson `DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:~' we

know about six naturally available precious doctors, which keep the real doctor away.

‘Sound mind in a sound body’ leads to happy life. Sunlight, pleasant breeze, cool water, exercise, wholesome food and rest are the six valuable doctors that give us both physical and mental health.

Walking in the early sun gives vitamin D. Cool breeze removes fatigue. Taking bath in cool water activates functioning of the body. Wholesome food at proper time helps in energyzing the body. Exercise stimulates the whole body and mind and keeps the body in shape. Rest regulates all internal functioning of the body. In this way six doctors help us to live a long, healthy and happy life.

8


8

He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ 1. DeOeesefveefo&<ìb peeuejsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~ Ans: 1. met³e&ÒekeÀeMe: 2. megKeoJee³eg: 3. Meerleuepeueced 4. J³ee³eece: 5. meeeqÊJekeÀYeespeveced 6. efJeÞeece: 2. ³eesi³eeefve efJeMes<eCeeefve ef®elJee peeuejsKeeef®e$es Hetj³ele~ efveêeOeerve:, megnem³eJeove:, ®eefkeÀle®eefkeÀle:, meHlecees JewÐe:,

efJeefJeOekeÀe³e&J³eûe:, JewÐejepe:, ye×e¡eefue: Ans: ¬eÀcemeb³eespeveced~ 1. DeOeesefueefKeleeefve JeekeÌ³eeefve ¬eÀceevegmeejb Hegveefue&Kele~ i. ®eefkeÀle®eefkeÀle: meesceMecee& DeHe=®íled, ’<e[d JewÐee:?“ ii. meesceMecee& men<e¥ mJeie=nb v³eJele&le~ iii. meesceMecee& Mevew: Mevew: efveêeOeerve: peele:~ iv. me: Deece´Je=#em³eeOe: oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì:~ Ans: i. me: Deece´Je=#em³eeOe: oesuee³eecegHeefJe<ì:~ ii. meesceMecee& Mevew: Mevew: efveêeOeerve: peele:~ iiii. ®eefkeÀle®eefkeÀle: meesceMecee& DeHe=®íled, ’<e[d JewÐee:?“ iv. meesceMecee& men<e¥ mJeie=nb v³eJele&le~ Meyo%eeveced~ A. He³ee&³eMeyoeveeb ®e³eveced~ *1. efJeÞeeeqvle:, efJejefle:, efJejece: (Rest) = efJeÞeece:~ *2. Decetu³e:, cetu³eJeeved (Priceless) = DeveIe&:~ 3. efveêeOeerve: (Asleep) = megHle:~ 4. jmeeuele©:, menkeÀejJe=#e: (Mango tree) = Deece´Je=#e:~5. mevlees<e:, ceeso: (Happiness) = Deevevo:~

6. mene³elee, menkeÀe³e&ced, meenîeced (Help) = meene³³eced~7. jesiee:, ieoe:, ©pee: (Diseases) = J³eeOe³e:~ B. efJeueesceMeyoeveeb ®e³eveced~ *1. GHeefj (Above) DeOe: (Below)~*2. melJejced, MeerIe´ced (Quickly) Mevew: Mevew: (Slowly)~ *3. peeieefjle: (Awakened) efveêeOeerve:, megHle:

(Asleep)~ 4. meceeHlee: (Finished) ÒeejyOee: (Started)~5. meceeHleced (Finished) DeejyOeced (Started)~6. DeveJeOeeveced (Inattention) DeJeOeeveced

(Attention)~7. og:Keoe³ekeÀe:

(Giving pain) Deevevooe³ekeÀe:

(Giving happiness)~8. DeOecee:, DeJeje: (Inferior) GÊecee: (Great)~ C. efue*die%eeveced ~ 1. ®elegLe&Heob efueKele ~ Ans: 2. efjkeÌlemLeeveHetefle¥ kegÀ©le ~ megnem³eJeove : DevevleYeÆ :~ _______ efMeef#ekeÀe ~ _______ efce$eced ~

Ans: megnem³eJeove : DevevleYeÆ :~ megnem³eJeovee efMeef#ekeÀe ~ megnem³eJeoveb efce$eced ~ D. mecetnslejb Heob ef®elJee efueKele~ 1. DeJeoled, DeHe=®íled, Òe³eefle<³es, v³eJele&le Ans: Òe³eefle<³es~ 2. efveêeOeerve:, peeieefjle:, efveêeHeeref[le:, megHle: Ans: peeieefjle:~ 3. met³e&ÒekeÀeMe:, J³ee³eece:, keÀe³e&J³eûelee, meeefÊJekeÀYeespeveced Ans: keÀe³e&J³eûelee~ 4. me:, menmee, keÀoe, SJe Ans: me:~ 5. peele:, megHle:, efme×:, J³ee³eece: Ans: J³ee³eece:~ 6. Jele&vles, DevegYeJeleg, peeveeefce, Deeqmce Ans: DevegYeJeleg~

6 1

2

3 4

5 <e[d JewÐee:~

DevevleYeÆ

megnem³eJeove:

meHlecees JewÐe:

JewÐejepe:

meesceMecee&

efveêeOeerve:

®eefkeÀle®eefkeÀle:

ye×e¡eefue:

oesuee oesuee³eeced YeieJeodieerlee _______

oesuee oesuee³eeced YeieJeodieerlee YeieJeodieerlee³eeced.

9


7. oÊJee, mveelegced, YeeskeÌlegced Ans: oÊJee~ 8. oÊJee, mveelegced, Òeoe³e, efveMec³e Ans: mveelegced~ E. ³eesi³eb ®elegLe&Heob efueKele~ 1. Ans: 2. Ans: 3. Ans: 4. Ans: 5. Ans: 6. Ans: F. OeelegmeeefOele-DeJ³e³eeveeb ®e³eveced~ 1. ieÐeebMes Deeieleeefve HetJe&keÀeueJee®ekeÀ-OeelegmeeefOele-

DeJ³e³eeefve ef®elJee efueKele~ Ans: lJeevle-DeJ³e³eced- i. oÊJee u³eyevle-DeJ³e³es- i. efveMec³e ii. Òeoe³e 2. ieÐeebMes Deeieles nslJeLe&keÀ-OeelegmeeefOele-legcevle-DeJ³e³es

ef®elJee efueKele~ Ans: i. mveelegced ii. YeeskeÌlegced G. meefvOeefJeûenb kegÀ©le~ *1. SleefVeMec³e = Sleled + efveMec³e~ *2. mene³ekewÀJezÐew: = mene³ekewÀ: + JewÐew:~*3. efme×esçeqmce = efme×: + Deeqmce~

4. Dele½eefkeÀleesçnced = Dele: + ®eefkeÀle: + Denced~ 5. efJeÞeece½esefle = efJeÞeece: + ®e + Fefle~ 6. meJexçvegYeJee: = meJex + DevegYeJee:~ H. meefvOeb kegÀ©le~ *1. ooefle + Fefle = ooleerefle~ *2. JewÐe: + Denced = JewÐeesçnced~ *3. peeveeefce + Denced = peeveec³enced~ 4. mebkeÀes®esve + DeJeoled = mebkeÀes®esveeJeoled 5. efveêeHeeref[le: + Denced = efveêeHeeref[leesçnced~ 6. kesÀ + DeefHe = kesÀçefHe~ 7. Fle: + DeefHe = FleesçefHe~ I. efJeMes<³e-efJeMes<eCe-DeefvJeefle:~ 1. efjkeÌlemLeeves ³eesi³eb Heob efueKele~ GHe®eeje: ÒeejyOee:~ _______ ÒeejyOeew~ _______ ÒeejyOe:~ Ans: GHe®eeje: ÒeejyOee:~ GHe®eejew ÒeejyOeew~ GHe®eej: ÒeejyOe:~ 2. ®elegLe&Heob efueKele~ Ans: 3. cesueveb kegÀ©le~

A B i. <e[defYe: a. JewÐee:~ ii. <eCCeeced b. JewÐes<eg~ iii. <e[d c. JewÐeeveeced~ iv. <eìdmeg d. JewÐew:~

Ans: i. <e[defYe: - JewÐew:~ ii. <eCCeeced - JewÐeeveeced~

iii. <e[d - JewÐee:~ iv. <eìdmeg - JewÐes<eg~

ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe³ee: Heáece: efJeYeeie: - J³eekeÀjCeced-GHe³eespevekeÀewMeueced~ HeoHeefj®e³e:~

OeeleJe:~ (Roots) Jele&ceevekeÀeue:~ (ueìd - uekeÀej:~) (Present Tense)

¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced keÀeue: / DeLe&: Heg©<e: Je®eveced*1. peeves %ee 9 G.He. here Dee.He. Jele&ceevekeÀeue: ÒeLece: SkeÀJe®eveced*2. peeveeefme %ee 9 G.He. here He.He. Jele&ceevekeÀeue: efÜleer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced

efve Meced efveMec³e Òe oe _______

efve Meced efveMec³e Òe oe Òeoe³e

kesÀ DeefHe kesÀçefHe: meJex DevegYeJee _______

kesÀ DeefHe kesÀçefHe: meJex DevegYeJee meJexçvegYeJee:

mene³ekeÀe: JewÐee: mene³ekewÀ: _______

mene³ekeÀe: JewÐee: mene³ekewÀ: JewÐew:

<e[defYe: JewÐew: <eCCeeced _______

<e[defYe: JewÐew: <eCCeeced JewÐeeveeced

YeJele: YeJeeved cece _______

YeJele: YeJeeved cece Denced.

mvee mveelegced Yegped YeeskeÌlegced mvee mveelegced Yegped _______

keÀLed keÀefLeleced met®ed _______

keÀLed keÀefLeleced met®ed metef®eleced

10


10

*3. ooefle oe 3 G.He. here He.He. Jele&ceevekeÀeue: le=leer³e: yengJe®eveced 4. Heer[³eeqvle Heer[d 10 G.He. here He.He. Jele&ceevekeÀeue: le=leer³e: yengJe®eveced 5. peeveeefce %ee 9 G.He. here He.He. Jele&ceevekeÀeue: ÒeLece: SkeÀJe®eveced 6. DeHes#eles DeHe F&#ed 1 Dee.He. Jele&ceevekeÀeue: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced

ÒeLeceYetlekeÀeue:~ (ue*d - uekeÀej:~) (Imperfect Past Tense) *7. DeHe=®íled Òe®íd – He=®íd 6 He.He. ÒeLeceYetlekeÀeue: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced *8. v³eJele&le efve Je=led – Jele&d 1 Dee.He. ÒeLeceYetlekeÀeue: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced 9. DeYee<ele Yee<ed 1 Dee.He. ÒeLeceYetlekeÀeue: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced

Dee%eeLe&:~ (ueesìd - uekeÀej:~) (Imperative Mood) *10. keÀjesleg ke=À 8 G.He. here He.He. Dee%eeLe&: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced 11. DevegYeJeleg Deveg Yet – YeJed 1 He.He. Dee%eeLe&: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced 12. Deeie®íleg Dee ieced – ie®í 1 He.He. Dee%eeLe&: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced

keÀce&efCe-ef¬eÀ³eeHeoe:~ (Passive Verbs) 13. #ec³eleeced #eced 1 Dee.He. keÀce&efCe-Dee%eeLe&: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced 14. DeHes#³eles DeHe F&#ed 1 Dee.He. keÀce&efCe-Jele&ceevekeÀeue: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced

YeefJe<³ekeÀeue:~ (ue=ìd - uekeÀej:~) (Second Future Tense) 15. Òe³eefle<³es Òe ³eled 1 Dee.He. YeefJe<³ekeÀeue: ÒeLece: SkeÀJe®eveced

Hejes#eYetlekeÀeue:~ 16. Òel³egJee®e Òeefle Je®ed 2 He.He. Hejes#eYetlekeÀeue: le=leer³e: SkeÀJe®eveced

Òeefle ye´t 2 G.He. here He.He. HetJe&keÀeueJee®ekeÀ – OeelegmeeefOele – DeJ³e³eeefve~ (Gerunds)

¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced HetJe&keÀeueJee®ekeÀ-OeelegmeeefOeleced 17. oÊJee oe - ³e®íd 1 He.He. lJeevle - DeJ³e³eced

oe 3 G.He. 18. mveelJee mvee 2 He.He. lJeevle - DeJ³e³eced 19. Ye#eef³elJee Ye#ed 10 G.He. lJeevle - DeJ³e³eced 20. efveMec³e efve Meced 4 He.He. u³eyevle - DeJ³e³eced 21. Òeoe³e Òe oe 1 He.He., 3 G.He. u³eyevle - DeJ³e³eced 22. meceeH³e meced DeeHed 5 He.He. u³eyevle - DeJ³e³eced

nslJeLe&keÀ – OeelegmeeefOele – legcevle – DeJ³e³eeefve~ (Infinitives) ¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced nslJeLe&keÀ – OeelegmeeefOeleced

*23. Deeveslegced Dee + veer-ve³ed 1 G.He. legcevle - DeJ³e³eced 24. GHe®eefjlegced GHe + ®ejd 1 He.He. legcevle - DeJ³e³eced 25. YeeskeÌlegced Yegped 7 G.He. legcevle - DeJ³e³eced

keÀce&efCe-efJeO³eLe&keÀ-OeelegmeeefOele – efJeMes<eCeeefve~ (Potential Passive Participles) ¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced keÀce&efCe-efJeO³eLe&keÀced efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced

26. ievleJ³eced ieced – ie®íd 1 He.He. keÀce&efCe-efJeO³eLe&keÀ-Oee-efJe.

Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee SkeÀ®eJeveced veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ÒeLecee,

efÜleer³ee SkeÀ®eJeveced

11

01 : DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:~27. keÀjCeer³eeefve ke=À 8 G.He. keÀce&efCe-efJeO³eLe&keÀ-Oee-

efJe. veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ÒeLecee,

efÜleer³ee, mecyeesOeveced

yengJe®eveced

keÀce&efCe – YetlekeÀeueJee®ekeÀ – OeelegmeeefOele – efJeMes<eCeeefve~ (Past Passive Participles) ¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced keÀce&efCe-

YetlekeÀeueJee®ekeÀced efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced

28. keÀefLeleced keÀLed 10 G.He. keÀce&efCe Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ÒeLecee,

efÜleer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced

29. efueefKeleced efueKed 6 He.He. keÀce&efCe Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced

veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ÒeLecee, efÜleer³ee

SkeÀJe®eveced

30. He=<ìs Òe®íd – He=®íd 6 He.He. keÀce&efCe Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced, veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced

meHleceer SkeÀJe®eveced

31. ÒeejyOee: Òe Dee jYed 1 Dee.He. keÀce&efCe Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced

ÒeLecee, mecyeesOeveced

yengJe®eveced

m$eerefue*dieced ÒeLecee, efÜleer³ee, mecyeesOeveced

yengJe®eveced

32. Òesef<ele: Òes<ed 10 He.He. keÀce&efCe Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced 33. Deeveerles Dee veer-ve³ed 1 G.He. keÀce&efCe Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced,

veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced meHleceer SkeÀJe®eveced

34. metef®eleced met®ed 10 G.He. keÀce&efCe Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ÒeLecee,


keÀle&efj – YetlekeÀeueJee®ekeÀ–OeelegmeeefOele – efJeMes<eCeeefve~ (Past Active Participles) ¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced keÀle&efj -

YetlekeÀeueJee®ekeÀced efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced

*35. ke=ÀleJeeved ke=À 8 G.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced 36. Òel³eeieleJeeved Òeefle Dee ieced

– ie®íd 1 He.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced

37. megHlee: mJeHed (Intransitive)

2 He.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee, mecyeesOeveced

yengJe®eveced


yengJe®eveced

38. peelee: peved –pee (Intrasitive)

4 Dee.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee, mecyeesOeveced

yengJe®eveced


yengJe®eveced

12


12

39. DeejyOeced Dee jYed 1 Dee.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ÒeLecee,


40. efme×: efmeOed

(Intransitive) 4 He.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced

41. GHeefJe<ì: GHe efJeMed (Intransitive)

6 He.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced

42. mevleg<ì: meced leg<ed (Intransitive)


43. ÒemeVe: Òe meod (Intransitive)


44. Yetle: Yet – YeJed 1 He.He. keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®evecedÒe³eespekeÀced~ (Causal)

¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced Òe³eespekeÀced keÀle&efj -YetlekeÀeueJee®ekeÀced

efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced

*45. HeefjJesef<eleced Heefj efJe<ed 1 He.He., 3 G.He. Òe³eespekeÀced keÀce&efCe-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee SkeÀJe®evecedveHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ÒeLecee,


46. ÒesefjleJeeved Òe F&jd 2 Dee.He. Òe³eespekeÀced keÀle&efj-Yet-Oee-efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®evecedJele&ceevekeÀeueJee®ekeÀ – OeelegmeeefOele – efJeMes<eCeeefve~ (Present Participles)

¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced Je. keÀe. Oee. efJe. efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced 47. DeefYeue<eved DeefYe ue<ed 1 He.He. keÀle&efj-Je-keÀe-Oee-efJe Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced 48. ÒeJenle: Òe Jend 1 G.He. keÀle&efj-Je-keÀe-Oee-efJe Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee yengJe®eveced

Heáeceer, <e<þer SkeÀJe®eveced 49. ie®ílee ieced – ie®íd 1 He.He. keÀle&efj-Je-keÀe-Oee-efJe Hegbefue*dieced le=leer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced 50. meefle Demed 2 He.He. keÀle&efj-Je-keÀe-Oee-efJe Hegbefue*dieced,

veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced meHleceer SkeÀJe®eveced

eq®Je – ªHeeefCe~ (eq®Je -Forms) ¬eÀ. ªHeced cetueOeeleg: ieCe:, Heoced eq®Je-ªHeced efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced 51. mHe<ìerkegÀJe&ved mHe<ì ke=À 8 G.He. here He.He. keÀle&efj Je. keÀe. Oee. efJe. Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced

veeceeefve~ (Nouns) ¬eÀ. ªHeced ÒeeefleHeefokeÀced ÒekeÀej: efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced

*52. JeefCekedÀ JeefCeped pedkeÀejevleced Hegbefue*dieced ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eveced *53. efoefMe efoMed MedkeÀejevleced m$eerefue*dieced meHleceer SkeÀJe®eveced 54. HeodY³eeced Heeo DekeÀejevleced Hegbefue*dieced le=leer³ee efÜJe®eveced

(JewkeÀequHekeÀ ªHeced)

55. Helv³ee Helveer F&keÀejevleced m$eerefue*dieced le=leer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced 56. oesuee³eeced oesuee DeekeÀejevleced m$eerefue*dieced meHleceer SkeÀJe®eveced

meJe&veeceeefve~ (Pronouns) ¬eÀ. ªHeced ÒeeefleHeefokeÀced Heg©<e: efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced 57. Sles<eeced Sleod le=leer³eHeg©<e: Hegbefue*dieced, veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced <e<þer yengJe®eveced

13

01 : DeveIee&: <e[d JewÐee:~58. lemcew leod le=leer³eHeg©<e: Hegbefue*dieced, veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced ®elegLeea SkeÀJe®eveced 59. YeJevleced YeJeled le=leer³eHeg©<e: Hegbefue*dieced efÜleer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced 60. lJe³ee ³eg<ceod efÜleer³eHeg©<e: ef$e<eg efue*dies<eg meceeveced le=leer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced 61. ce³ee Demceod ÒeLeceHeg©<e: ef$e<eg efue*dies<eg meceeveced le=leer³ee SkeÀJe®eveced

mebK³eeJee®ekeÀ – efJeMes<eCeeefve~ (Numerical Adjectives) ¬eÀ. ªHeced ÒeeefleHeefokeÀced efue*dieced efJeYeeqkeÌle: Je®eveced *62. <eCCeeced <e<ed ef$e<eg efue*dies<eg meceeveced <e<þer yengJe®eveced63. <e[defYe: <e<ed ef$e<eg efue*dies<eg meceeveced le=leer³ee yengJe®eveced64. <eìdmeg <e<ed ef$e<eg efue*dies<eg meceeveced meHleceer yengJe®eveced65. SkeÀeqmceved SkeÀ Hegbefue*dieced, veHegbmekeÀefue*dieced meHleceer SkeÀJe®eveced

meceemeHeefj®e³e:~ (Compounds)

¬eÀ. mecemleHeoced efJeûen: efJeYeeqkeÌle: meceeme veece DeJ³e³eerYeeJe:~

*1. Òeefleefoveced efoves efoves~ (Everyday)

– DeJ³e³eerYeeJe:~

*2. ³eLeeMeeqkeÌle MeeqkeÌleced Devegme=l³e / Deveefle¬eÀc³e~ (To the best of ones power)

– DeJ³e³eerYeeJe:~

efJeYeeqkeÌle – lelHeg©<e:~ *3. efveêeHeeref[le: efveê³ee Heeref[le:~

(Afflicted by sleep)– le=leer³ee-lelHeg©<e:~

*4. met³e&ÒekeÀeMe: met³e&m³e ÒekeÀeMe:~ (Light of the Sun)

– <e<þer-lelHeg©<e:~

*5. GÐeesieJ³eûe: GÐeesies/GÐeesies<eg J³eûe:~ (Engrossed in work)

– meHleceer-lelHeg©<e:~

6. YeJelme¢Mee: YeJelee me¢Mee:~ (Like you)

– le=leer³ee-lelHeg©<e:~

7. menkeÀe³ee&Le&ced menkeÀe³ee&³e Foced~ (For the help)

– ®elegLeea-lelHeg©<e:~

8. JewÐejepee³e JewÐeeveeb jepee~ (King of doctors )

lemcew <e<þer-lelHeg©<e:~

9. met³eexo³eeled met³e&m³e Go³e:~ (Rise of the Sun)

lemceeled <e<þer-lelHeg©<e:~

10. mJeie=nced mJem³e ie=nced~ (Own house)

– <e<þer-lelHeg©<e:~

ve_ed – lelHeg©<e:~ ¬eÀ. mecemleHeoced efJeûen: efJeYeeqkeÌle: meceeme-veece *11. DemJeemL³eced ve mJeemL³eced~

(Unhealthiness)– ve_ed-lelHeg©<e:~

*12. Deefve®í³ee ve F®íe~ (No desire)

le³ee ve_ed-lelHeg©<e:~

keÀce&Oeej³e:~ *13. meeeqlJekeÀYeespeveced meeeqlJekebÀ Yeespeveced~

(Nutritious food)– efJeMes<eCe – HetJe&Heo-keÀce&Oeej³e:~

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14

*14. Meerleuepeueced Meerleueb peueced~ (Cold water)

– efJeMes<eCe – HetJe&Heo-keÀce&Oeej³e:~

15. ueIJeeIeelesve ueIeg: DeeIeele:~ (Small jerk)

lesve efJeMes<eCe – HetJe&Heo-keÀce&Oeej³e:~

16. <e[dJewÐeeved <e[d JewÐee:~ (Six doctors)

leeved efJeMes<eCe – HetJe&Heo-keÀce&Oeej³e:~

17. megKeoJee³eg: megKeo: Jee³eg:~ (Pleasant breeze)

– efJeMes<eCe – HetJe&Heo-keÀce&Oeej³e:~

yengJeérefn:~ *18. ye×e_peefue: ye×: De_peefue: ³esve me:~ – meceeveeefOekeÀjCe-yengJeérefn:~ *19. meevevoced Deevevosve men ³eLee m³eeled leLee~

(Happily) – ef¬eÀ³eeefJeMes<eCe-men-yengJeérefn:~

*20. meeojced DeeojsCe men ³eLee m³eeled leLee~ (Respectfully)

– ef¬eÀ³eeefJeMes<eCe-men-yengJeérefn:~

*21. men<e&ced n<exCe men ³eLee m³eeled leLee~ (Happily)

– ef¬eÀ³eeefJeMes<eCe-men-yengJeérefn:~

22. megnem³eJeove: megnem³eb Jeoveb ³em³e me:~ (one who is having pleasant smile on face)

– meceeveeefOekeÀjCe-yengJeérefn:~

23. ®evêHegjveeeqcve ®evêHegjb veece ³em³e leled~ (one whose name is ®evêHegj)

leeqmceved meceeveeefOekeÀjCe-yengJeérefn:~

24. DeveIe&: ve efJeÐeles DeIe¥ ³em³e me:~ (priceless), (valuable)

– ve_ed-yengJeérefn:~

25. efJeHeÀuee: efJeieleb HeÀueb ³esY³e: les~ (Futile)

– Òeeefo-yengJeérefn:~

26. melJejced lJej³ee men ³eLee m³eeled leLee~ (Quickly)

– ef¬eÀ³eeefJeMes<eCe-men-yengJeérefn:~ met®eveevegmeejb JeekeÌ³eHeefjJele&veb kegÀ©le~ *1. lesve OeefvekesÀve melJejb mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ (Òe³eesieHeefjJele&veb kegÀ©le~) Ans: me: OeefvekeÀ: melJejb mesJekebÀ Òesef<eleJeeved~ Note meJe&veece keÀlee& keÀce& keÀce&efCe Yet.Oee.efJe = keÀce&efCe Òe³eesie: 3 3 1 1 lesve OeefvekesÀve melJejb mesJekeÀ: Òesef<ele:~ me: OeefvekeÀ: melJejb mesJekebÀ Òesef<eleJeeved~ 1 1 2 1 meJe&veece keÀlee& Doesn’t keÀce& keÀle&efj Yet.Oee.efJe = keÀle&efj Òe³eesie: Change *2. meesceMecee& veece OeefvekeÀes efveJemeefle mce~ (`mce ' efve<keÀeme³ele~)

Ans: meesceMecee& veece OeefvekeÀes v³eJemeled~ Note Drop mce Change the verb in ÒeLeceYetlekeÀeue: Keep Heg©<e: and Je®eveced of the verb as it is.

15


*3. meesceMece&Cee He=<ìs meefle DevevleYeìdìes J³eeOe³e: keÀer¢Meb Heer[³eefvle Sleled mHe<ìerkegÀJe&vveemeerled~ (meeflemeHleceerj®eveeb efve<keÀeme³ele~)

Ans: ³eoe meesceMece&Cee He=<ìced Deemeerled leoe DevevleYeìdìes J³eeOe³e: keÀero=Meb Heer[³eefvle Sleled mHe<ìerkegÀJe&vveemeerled~ Note Identify the subordinate clause

Use `³eoe .... leoe' (when .… then) on either side of it.

Change words in the subordinate from meHleceer to ÒeLecee efJeYeeqkeÌle: Rearrange the words if required. 7 7

( meesceMece&Cee He=<ìs meefle ) DevevleYeìdìes J³eeOe³e: keÀer¢Meb Heer[³eefvle Sleled mHe<ìerkegÀJe&vveemeerled~

³eoe meesceMece&Cee He=<ìced Deemeerled leoe DevevleYeìdìes J³eeOe³e: keÀero=Meb Heer[³eefvle Sleled mHe<ìerkegÀJe&vveemeerled~ 1 1 *4. cece ______ mene³ekewÀJezÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe keÀe³e&ceejyOeced~ (`<e<ed 'me*dK³eeJee®ekeÀm³e ³eesi³eb ªHeb efueKele~)

Ans: cece <e[defYe: mene³ekewÀJezÐew: ef®eefkeÀlmekeÀªHesCe keÀe³e&ceejyOeced~ Note Numerical Adjective <e<ed follows the noun JewÐew: JewÐew: le=leer³ee yengJe®eveced <e<ed le=leer³ee yengJe®eveced is <e[defYe: *5. YeJeeved Sleeved <e[d JewÐeeved Òeefle DeJeOeeveb oÊJee DeevevocevegYeJeleg~ (`DevegYeJeleg' Heom³e mLeeves `DevegYeJe' Fefle Òe³egp³e JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~) Ans: lJeced Sleeved <e[d JewÐeeved Òeefle DeJeOeeveb oÊJee Deevevoced DevegYeJe~ Note YeJeeved is used with le=leer³eHeg©<e: SkeÀJe®eveced of Verb form.

lJeced is used with efÜleer³eHeg©<e: SkeÀJe®eveced of Verb form. *6. Sles<eeb _______ JewÐeeveecegHe®eeje GÊecee ve meefvle efkeÀced? (`<e<ed' me*dK³eeJee®ekeÀm³e ³eesi³eb ªHeb efueKele~)

Ans: Sles<eeb <eCCeeb JewÐeeveecegHe®eeje GÊecee ve meefvle efkeÀced? Note Numerical Adjective <e<ed is applicable for the noun JewÐeeveeced JewÐeeveeced is <e<þer yengJe®eveced <e<þer yengJe®eveced of <e<ed is <eCCeeced. *7. YeJeeved melJejcegHe®eejb keÀjesleg~ (`YeJeeved' Heom³e mLeeves `lJeced' ³eespe³ele~) Ans: lJeb melJejcegHe®eejb kegÀ©~ Note YeJeeved is used with le=leer³eHeg©<e: SkeÀJe®eveced of Verb form

lJeced is used with efÜleer³eHeg©<e: SkeÀJe®eveced of Verb form. *8. me ie®ílee keÀeuesve DemJeemL³ecevegYeJeefle mce~ (`mce' efve<keÀeme³ele~) Ans: me ie®ílee keÀeuesve DemJeemL³ecevJeYeJeled~ Note Drop mce Change the verb to ÒeLeceYetlekeÀeue: Keep Heg©<e: and Je®eveced of the verb as it is. *9. YeJeeved ÒeYeeles HeodY³eeceeie®íleg~ (`YeJeeved ' Heom³e mLeeves `lJeced ' ³eespe³ele~) Ans: lJeb ÒeYeeles HeodY³eeceeie®í~ Note YeJeeved is used with le=leer³eHeg©<e: SkeÀJe®eveced of Verb form

lJeced is used with efÜleer³eHeg©<e: SkeÀJe®eveced of Verb form.

255

03 : veeìîeebMee:~

mebJeeoebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~ 1. Òeeflenej: : pe³eleg Yeespejepe:~ osJe keÀef½eled HeefC[le: meHeefjJeejb Üejs Òeleer#eles~ Door keeper : May king Bhoj be victorious! Your Majesty, a certain scholar along with his family, is

waiting at the door. jepee : melJejb ogiOeHetCe¥ Hee$eceskeÀceeve³e HeefC[lee³e ®e osefn~ (Òeeflenej: Dee%eeHeeueveb keÀjesefle~) King : Bring a vessel full of milk, immediately, and give (it) to the scholar. (Door keeper follows the order) HeefC[le: : (¢<ìdJee) Deef³e Heg$eJeOeg ! efkeÀefáeled Meke&Àjeb osefn~ (Meke&Àje ogiOes efceÞeef³elJee) Yees: Fob Hee$eb Yeespejepee³e Òel³eHe&³eleg~ Scholar : (Having seen) O daughter in law! Give some sugar. (Having mixed the sugar in the milk)

O, return this vessel to king Bhoj. jepee : (¢<ìdJee) (men<e&ced) efJe®e#eCe: Keueg De³eb HeefC[le:~ King : (Having seen) (happily) This scholar is clever indeed. 2. cev$eer : cenejepe ! ogiOeHetCe¥ Hee$eb oÊJee ce³ee metef®eleb ³eled DemceekebÀ jepemeYee HeefC[lew: HetCee&~ le$e Dev³em³e DeLex mLeeveb

veemleerefle~ Minister : Your Majesty! Having given the vessel full of milk, it was suggested by me that our

assembly is full of scholars. There is no place for anybody else. jepee : DeLe ye´eïeCem³e GÊejb efkeÀceemeerled? King : Then what was the reply of the brahmin? cev$eer : lesve GÊeefjleb - ³eLee ogiOes Meke&Àje efJeueervee YeJeefle lem³e ceeOeg³e¥ ®e JeOe&³eles~ leLewJeenb HeefC[les<eg efveueer³e mLeem³eeefce,

meYee³ee: ceeOeg³e¥b ®e JeOe&ef³e<³eeefce~ Minister : He repliedas the sugar dissolves in milk and increases its sweetness, similarly I will get

fused in the scholars and will increase the sweetness of the assembly. jepee : Denes ! DeodYetleb lem³eesÊejced~ King Ah! His answer is wonderful. 3. otle: : osJe ! keÀef½eod oefjê: YeJelees oMe&veÒeeLeea~ Messanger : Your Majesty! A certain poor man wants to meet you. jepee : lJeefjleb meeojceeve³e leced~ (oefjê: ÒeefJeMeefle jepee He=®íefle) kegÀle: Deeie®íefme Yees:? King : Bring him immediately with honour. (The poor man enters. King asks) Where have you

come from? oefjê: : kewÀueemeeod Deeie®íeefce osJe~ Poor man : Your Majesty, I came from Kailasa. jepee : ye´tefn DeefHe ve YeieJeeved efMeJe: mekegÀMeue:? King : Tell (me), is that Lord Shiva doing well?

veeìîeebMee:~ 03

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256

oefjê: : lem³e kegÀMeuelee³ee: ÒeÍve SJe ve Gosefle~ me leg efoJebiele:~ Poor man : The question of his well-being does not arise. He indeed has gone to heaven. (literaly-

died). jepee : efkebÀ efoJebiele:? keÀLeced~ DemceeefYe: vewJe Þegleced~ King : What? Has (he) gone to heaven? (died?) How? It is not heard by us at all. 4. oefjê: : jepeved ! efMeJem³e cejCeb Je<e&MelekeÀeled HetJe&ceejyOeceemeerled~ DeOegvee Deef®ejcesJe meceeeqHleced Deie®íled~ Poor man : O king! The (procedure of) death of Lord Shiva had started before a century. Now

recently it has accomplished. jepee : Dee½e³e&ced ! keÀLeb leled mecYeJeced? King : Surprising! How is that possible? oefjê: : Me=Ceesleg jepeved ! me efkeÀue nefjnjªHe:~ Dele: DeOe¥ Mejerjb nefj: DeLee&led YeieJeeved efJe<Ceg: Denjled~ Poor man : Listen, O King! He indeed is the combination of Hari (Lord Vishnu) and Har (Lord

Shiva). Therefore half of the body was taken away by Hari (i.e. Lord Vishnu). jepee : Dev³eled DeOe&ced? King : Remaining half? oefjê: : me Hegve: DeOe&veejeréej: DeefHe lemceeled Dev³eoOe¥ HeeJe&leerosJeer Deve³eled~ Poor man : Moreover he is Ardhanareeshwar (DeOe&veejeréej = the god with half body of a woman).

Therefore Goddess Parvati took away the remaining half. 5. oefjê: : efoJebielem³e efMeJem³e Deue¹eje: ®evê: ie²e meHe&jepe: JeemegefkeÀ: DeekeÀeMesve veerlee:~ Poor man : The ornaments (in the form of) the moon, Ganga, Vasuki the King of snakes, of Lord

Shiva who has gone to heaven were taken away by the sky. jepee : lele: Hejced~ King : then what is it. oefjê: : lele: Hejceemeved lem³e iegCee:~ leeved Dev³es efJeYep³e Deve³eved~ Poor man : Then there were his virtues. Having distributed (them), others took them. jepee : kesÀ? King : Who (took them)? oefjê: : oeveMeerueleeb Goejleeb Jeerjleeb ®e YeJeeved Deve³eled~ Devles DeJeefMe<ì SkeÀ: SJe iegCe: lecesJe ie=nerlJee Denb YetueeskesÀ

Ye´ceeefce~ efYe#eeìveb keÀjesefce meoe~ Poor man : Your Majesty took away generosity, benevolence and valour. At the end, having taken

the only one remaining virtue, I am wandering on the earth. I am always wandering for alms.

6. (Devev³eceevemeb efJeef®evle³evleb efvepemegHeg$eceJeOee³e& ceefn<eer ®evêceefle: He=®íefle~) (Having seen her own son being engrossed in thinking with undivided attention, Queen Chandramati asks,) ®evêceefle: : Jelme ef®ejb peerJe ~ kesÀve keÀejCesve cueevecegKe: meef®evle: ¢M³emes? Chandramati : Long live, dear child! Why do you seem dejected and worried? ³eMeesOej: : (mJeieleced) keÀLeefceoeveeR ËodMeu³eb efveJeso³eeefce~ efveJeso³es³eced~ YeJeleg (ÒekeÀeMeced) Decye ÒeeHlee³eeceg<eefme

mJeHveceskeÀceHeM³eced~ Yashodhar : (To himself) Now, how do I narrate my agony? I shall tell. Let it be. (Loudly), Mother, I

saw a dream at the time of dawn. ®evêceefle: : lesve efn melJejb keÀLe³e~ Chandramati : Then tell (that) immediately.

257


³eMeesOej: : Me=Ceesleg keÀ½eve efveMee®ej: cece Je#eesosMes efve<eCCe:~ me Deen jep³eYeejb Heg$es efveOee³e ³eefleYet&lJee leHeesJeveceeÞe³e Fefle~ Yashodhar : Listen, some demon had sat on my chest. He said, having shouldered the responsibility of the

kingdom to the son, becoming an ascetic, resort to a penance grove. 7. (cevees©iCe: efceefuevo: - ÒeYeeles ÒeefleJesefMeveb Òeefle ielJee G®®ew: Dee¬eÀesMeefle~) (Psychologically ill Milind-Having gone to the neighbour in the morning, shouts loudly) efceefuevo: : meKes Heefj$ee³emJe Heefj$ee³emJe ceeced~ je$eew cece cegKeÜejsCe ceepee&jMeeJekeÀ: Gojs ÒeefJe<ì:~ Me=Ceg iegieg&je³eles~ Milind : O friend; save me, save me! At night a kitten entered my stomach through my mouth.

Listen, (it is) purring. efveveeo: : Je³em³e ve ceepee&jMeeJekeÀ: Hejces<e JeeleefJekeÀej:~ efYe<eiedJejb Òeefle ie®íeJe~ Ninad : Friend, it’s not a kitten but it is gas trouble. Let us both go to the doctor. efceefuevo: : ve ve efYe<eiJejb Òeefle Hejb Meu³eef¬eÀ³eeefJeMeejob Òeefle ievleJ³eced~ Milind : No, not to the doctor but (we should) go to a surgeon. efveveeo: : mel³eb Keueg ve cetKe&peveef®eÊeb meceejeOes³eled~ ®eue lJej³ee~ Ninad : Indeed (it is) true (that) the mind of a fool can not be pleased. Come on quickly. 8. efYe<eiJej: : efkebÀ Jeoefme Gojs ceepee&jMeeJekeÀ: iegieg&je³eles? Doctor : What do you say, a kitten is purring in stomach? efceefuevo: : Hejb je$eew efkebÀ keÀjJeeefCe Denced? Miling : But what should I do at night? efYe<eiJej: : Sleod iegefìkeÀeÜ³eced~ SkeÀe lJelke=Àles SkeÀe ceepee&jMeeJekeÀm³e ke=Àles Me³evemegKecevegYeefJelegced~ (Dev³esÐeg: ©iCeeue³es) Doctor : These are two pills. One is for you and one for the kitten, in order to experience the

pleasure of sleep. (Next day in the hospital) efYe<eiJej: : Deef³e efceefuevo, GefÊe<þ~ Mem$eef¬eÀ³ee meHeÀueerYetlee~ HeM³e S<e ceepee&jMeeJekeÀ: leJe Gojs Deemeerled~ DeOegvee efveef½evlees

YeJe~ Doctor : O Milind, get up! The operation is successful. See this kitten was in your stomach. Now

be at ease. efceefuevo: : (©efolemJejsCe) Hejb cece Gojs leg ke=À<Ceceepee&j: ÒeeefJeMeled, S<e leg éesle:~ Milind : (With a cranky voice) But the kitten entered my stomach, was black and this is white. 9. jepee : (mecevleeoJeueeskeÌ³e) metle, DekeÀefLeleesçefHe %ee³ele SJe ³eLee³eceeÞeceeYeesiemleHeesJevem³esefle~ (mleeskeÀcevevlejb ielJee)

leHeesJeveefveJeeefmeveecegHejesOees cee Yetled~ SleeJel³esJe jLeb mLeeHe³e ³eeJeoJelejeefce~ King : (Having seen around) Charioteer, though untold only, it is but understood that this is an

environment, of the penance grove. (Having gone a little inside), There should not be inconvinience to the residents of the penance grove. Therefore stop the chariot just here so that I (can) get down.

metle: : Oe=lee: Òeûene:~ DeJelejlJee³eg<ceeved~ Charioteer : The reigns are held. Let the long lived one alight. jepee : (DeJeleer³e&) metle, efJeveerleJes<esCe ÒeJes<ìJ³eeefve leHeesJeveeefve veece~ Fob leeJeod ie=¿eleeced~ (Fefle metlem³eeYejCeeefve

Oeveg½eesHeveer³eeHe&³eefle~) King : (Having stepped down) Charioteer, one should enter the penancegroves as it is known in

a modest attire. Therefore take this. (Thus hands the ornaments and bow over to the charioteer.)

From the play `DeefYe%eeveMeekegÀvleueced' written by `keÀeefueoeme'

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258

10. Yeerce: : Dee³e&, cegáeleg ceeb #eCeceskebÀ YeJeeved~ Bheem : O noble one, leave me for a moment. ³egefOeefÿj: : efkeÀceHejceJeefMe<ìced? Yudhishthir : What else has remained? Yeerce: : Dee³e&, megcenoJeefMe<ìced~ meb³e®íeefce leeJeosve og³eexOeveog:Meemeve©efOejesef#elesve HeeefCevee Heeáeeu³ee og:MeemeveeJeke=À<ìb

kesÀMenmleced~ Bheem : Noble one, the most important has remained. I shall tie up the hair of Panchali, dragged

by Dusshasan, with this hand smeared by the blood of Duruyodhan and Dusshasan. ³egefOeefÿj: : melJejb ie®íleg YeJeeved~ DevegYeJeleg leHeeqmJeveer JesCeermebnejceneslmeJeced~ Yudhishthir : You should go immediately. Let that wretched lady experience the celebration of

binding up of the braided hair. Yeerce: : YeJeefle HeeáeeuejepekeÀv³es efo<ìîee JeOe&mes efjHegkegÀue#e³esCe~ Bheem : O princess of Panchal, congratulations for the distruction of the family of enemy.

From the play `JesCeermebnejced' written by `Yeìdìveeje³eCe' 11. keÀáegkeÀer : (menmee ÒeefJeM³e) Fob Jeemees³egieueced~ Chamberlain : (Having entered suddenly) This is a pair of clothes. vee³ekeÀ: : (¢<ìe men<e&ceelceieleced) efo<ìîee efme×ceeefYeJeeeq_ílecevesveeleefke&ÀleesHevelesve jkeÌleebMegkeÀ³egieuesve~ Hero : (Having seen, with joy to himself) Fortunately my desire is fulfilled by this pair of red

clothes, brought unexpectedly. keÀáegkeÀer : osJ³ee, efce$eeJemegpevev³ee Òesef<eleced~ leoslelHeefjOeÊeeb kegÀceej:~ Chamberlain : (This is) Sent by the Queen, mother of Mitravasu. May the prince wear this. vee³ekeÀ: : keÀáegefkeÀved GHeve³e~ (keÀáegkeÀer jkeÌleJemeveÜ³ecegHeve³eefle~ ie=nerlJee Deelceieleced~) meHeÀueerYetlees ces ceue³eJel³ee:

HeeefCeûen:~ (Heefj¬eÀc³e ÒekeÀeMeced) keÀáegefkeÀved iec³eleeced~ ceÜ®eveeoefYevevoveer³ee osJeer~ Hero : Chamberlain, bring (that) here, (Chamberlain brings the pair of red garments close.

Having taken them, to himself) My marriage with Malayvati has borne fruit. (Having moved around, loudly) Chamberlain, you may go. May the queen be saluted on my behalf.

From the play `veeieevevoced' written by `Þeern<e&' 12. MeefJe&uekeÀ: : ceoefvekesÀ ! meceeéeefmeefn~ Sharvilaka : O Madanika! Take courage. ceoefvekeÀe : (meceeéem³e) meenefmekeÀ ! ve Keueg lJe³ee cece keÀejCeeefoocekeÀe³e¥ kegÀJe&lee leeqmceved iesns keÀesçefHe J³eeHeeefole: Heefj#elees

Jee? Madanika : (Recovering breath) O adventurous one! Have you not indeed killed or injured anybody

in that house while doing this improper act for me. MeefJe&uekeÀ: : ceoefvekesÀ ! Yeerles megHles MeefJe&uekeÀ: ve Òenjefle~ levce³ee ve keÀef½eod J³eeHeeefolees veeefHe Heefj#ele:~ Sharvilaka : O Madanika! Sharvilaka does not strike the one who is frightened or asleep. So

anybody is neither killed nor injured by me. ceoefvekeÀe : efÒe³eb efÒe³eced~ Madanika : Very good! Very good! MeefJe&uekeÀ: : Dee: ogjelceved ®ee©oÊenlekeÀ~ De³eb ve YeJeefme~ Sharvilaka : O wicked Charudatta! You will be no more.

From the play `ce=®íkeÀefìkeÀced' written by `MetêkeÀ'

Je

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13. Yejle: : DeLe legu³es Heg$eefJeÒeJeemes keÀLecencejC³eb ve Òesef<ele:~ Bharat : When the seperation of son was considered the same then why wasn’t I sent to the

forest? kewÀkesÀ³eer : peele ! ceeleguekegÀues Jele&ceevem³e Òeke=ÀefleYetmles efJeÒeJeeme:~ Kaikayi : O child! Your seperation as you were staying with your maternal uncle’s family, was

habituated. Yejle: : DeLe ®elego&MeJe<ee&efCe efkebÀ keÀejCeceJesef#eleeefve~ Bharat : Then why were fourteen years planned (observed)? kewÀkesÀ³eer : peele ! ®elego&Me efoJemee Fefle JekeÌlegkeÀece³ee He³ee&kegÀueËo³e³ee ®elego&MeJe<ee&Ceerl³egkeÌleced~ Kaikayi : Child! Fourteen years were uttered by (me) who was perplexed, desirous to say

fourteen days. Yejle: : Deefmle HeeefC[l³eb mec³eied efJe®eejef³elegced~ Bharat : There is cleverness to think properly.

From the play `Òeeflecee' written by `Yeeme' 14. efÒe³ebJeoe : ne efOekedÀ ne efOekedÀ! DeefÒe³ecesJe mebJe=Êeced~ keÀeqmceVeefHe HetpeenxçHeje×e Metv³eËo³ee MekegÀvleuee~ (HegjesçJeueeskeÌ³e)

S<e ogJee&mee: megueYekeÀesHees cenef<e&:~ leLee MeHlJee ogJee&j³ee iel³ee ÒeefleefveJe=Êe:~ Priyamvada : Oh alas! Oh alas! Indeed unpleasant has happened. Absent minded Shakuntala has

offended somebody worthy of reverence. (Having looked forward). This is Durvasa, the quick tempered (easily irascible) great sage. Having cursed in that manner (he) has returned with the irresistible gait.

Devemet³ee : keÀesçv³ees ngleJeneÎiOegb ÒeYeJeefle~ ie®í Heeo³ees: ÒeCec³e efveJele&³ewveb ³eeJeonceIeexokeÀcegHekeÀuHe³eeefce~ Anasuya : Who else but the fire is able to burn. Go (and) having bowed to his feet persuade him to

return while I (will) arrange the water for offering a respectful reception (to him) efÒe³ebJeoe : leLee~ (Fefle efve<¬eÀevlee~) Priyamvada : Alright (goes out).

From the play `DeefYe%eeveMeekegÀvleueced' written by `keÀeefueoeme' 15. jepee : lesve efn Òemlet³eleeb efJeJeeo:~ King : Then let the debate commence. osJeer : ³eefo ceeb He=®íefme Sle³eesefJe&Jeeo SJe ces ve jes®eles~ Queen : If you ask me, I don’t at all like the debate between both of these. ieCeoeme: : osefJe ve ceeb meceeveefJeÐele: HeefjYeJeveer³eced DeJeievlegcen&efme~ Ganadas : Your Ladyship, you should not consider me likely to be defeated by the one having

similar knowledge. efJeot<ekeÀ: : YeJeefle HeM³eeefce GjYemebHeeleced~ efkebÀ cegOee Jesleveoevesve~ Jester : Your Highness, I (will) watch the collision (fight) of rams. Why pay them salary for

nothing? osJeer : veveg keÀuenefÒe³eesçefme~ Queen : Indeed you are fond of quarrel.

From the play `ceeueefJekeÀeeqiveefce$eced' written by `keÀeefueoeme'

260

260


ÒeefleoMe& - ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe mece³e: 3 nesje$e³eced~ SketÀCe iegCe: 80

ÒeLece: efJeYeeie: – ieÐeced~ (DeJeyeesOeveced, MeyomecHeefÊe:, He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced)

ÒeMve 1.De. ieÐeebMe HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ De 1. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (kesÀçefHe 2 ke=Àleer kegÀ©le) [1]

i. Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ mewyesefj³eeosMele: ¬eÀewáee: Deeie®íefvle~ ³ele: _______. le$e Jemevleleg&: Deefmle~ / le$e Meerleleg&: Deefmle~ ii. HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ keÀ: Heef#eefJeMes<e: veeceMes<eleeb iele:? [1] iii. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eb Jee Demel³eefceefle efueKele~ kesÀJeueosJeje<ì^er³eesÐeeveb ÒeeefCeveeceYe³eejC³eced~ [1] SleeJeod efJeMeeueb Jeveb ê<ìgb efÜ$ee: efovee: ve He³ee&Hlee:, ³eleesçm³e #es$eb efJemleerCe¥ JewefJeO³eHetCe¥ ®e~ efJeefJeOemJeªHeeCeeb Keieeveeb ke=Àles

efJeefJeOeÒekeÀejkeÀeefCe mLeueeefve De$e efveefce&leeefve~ mLeueHeef#eCeeb Meg<keÀe JevemLeueer peueefJeneieeLe¥ peuemLeueer, DeevetHeb Jee mLeueceefHe ®e Je=#eKeieeveeceefOeJeemeYetlee: ceneJe=#ee: DeefHe De$e efJeÐevles~ vewkeÀe: meej*dieeieeje: efJeefJeOeJeCez: Keiew: DeeJeemeeLe&ce*dieerke=Àlee: De$e~ Je=#eHeef#eCe: peueHeef#eCe: DeefHe ®e le=CeHeef#eCeesçefHe De$e yengmebK³e³ee Jemeefvle~ les<eeb ef$eMele<eìd<eef<ìefceleeM®e Òepeele³e: megKesve Jemeefvle ¬eÀer[efvle ®e~ efleefÊejme¢Mee: le=CeHeef#eCe: ¬eÀer[vle: ¢M³evles~ Je=#es<eg ef®e$eyeueekeÀeveeb kegÀueeefve keÀuekeÀueb kegÀJe&efvle He³e&ìkeÀeveeb ®esleebefme njefvle~ efJeefJeOeÒekeÀejkeÀe: ¬eÀewáee: le=Ces<eg Ye#³eb ieJes<eceeCee: otjle: ve³eveHeLecee³eeefvle~ peues<eg Keieeveeb yenJe: peeefleefJeMes<ee: efJenjvle: ¢M³evles~ MJesle: ®eceme®eáet: Fefle Heef#eefJeMes<e: meefJeMes<eb ue#³eles~ Dev³esçefHe Heef#eCeesç$e MeerleJeemeeLe¥ osMeevlejeoefHe Dee³eeefvle~ mewyesefj³eeosMeeled Deeie®ívle: Meerleleez Jemevle: ¬eÀewáee: DeOegvee veeceMes<eleeb ielee: Fefle leg og:KekeÀjb ueppeemHeoceefHe~ ueÎeKeÒeevleeoefHe vewkesÀ Keiee Deeiel³e efncemece³es Jemeefvle~ Sles<eg mLeueevleefjleeved Keieeved ê<ìbg les<eeb efJe<e³es DeefOekebÀ %eelegb He³e&ìkeÀe: leLee DeY³eemekeÀe: yengmebK³e³ee De$e Deeie®íefvle osMeefJeosMesY³e:~ les<eeceO³e³eveeLe¥ Jeue³ee*dkeÀveceefHe ke=Àleb Jele&les Heef#eefce$ew:~

De 2. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (keÀe: DeefHe 3 ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~)

i. efjkeÌlemLeeveHetefle¥ kegÀ©le~ [1] 1. Dev³esçefHe = _______ +_______ ~ (Dev³e: + DeefHe / Dev³es + DeefHe / Dev³ee + efHe) 2. Heef#eCeesç$e = _______ +_______ ~ (Heef#eCe: + De$e / Heef#eCes + De$e / Heef#eCee + De$e) ii. mecetnslejb Heob ef®evegle~ [1] 1. ®esleebefme, ceveebefme, ñeesleebefme~ 2. DeeJeeme:, menJeeme:, efveJeeme:~ iii. ce¡et<eele: Gef®eleb efJeMes<eCeb ef®elJee cesueveb kegÀ©le~ [1]

efJeMes<eCeced efJeMes<³eced _______ ceneJe=#ee:~ _______ Keieeved~

(Deeie®ívle:, KeieeveeceefOeJeemeYetlee:, ieJes<eceeCee:, mLeueevleefjleeved)

iv. ieÐeebMes Deeieles nslJeLe&keÀ-OeelegmeeefOele-DeJ³e³es _______, _______ ~ [1] De 3. mJecele-DeefYeJ³eeqkeÌle:~ [2] YeJeleeb Heefjmejs Heef#emebj#eCeb keÀLeb keÀle&J³eced Fefle efJe<e³es 30/40 Meyow: ceeO³eceYee<e³ee efueKele~

261

ÒeefleoMe&- ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe

ÒeMve 1.ye. ieÐeebMe HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ ye 1. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (kesÀçefHe 2 ke=Àleer kegÀ©le) [1]

i. Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ _______ mJeeceer Heueeef³elegceejYele~ (keÀefþveesç³eb Òeme²:Fefle celJee / J³ee³eece: DeeJeM³ekeÀ: Fefle celJee) ii. keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle? [1] `efveYe&³ele³ee leeved Jeevejeved DeefYecegKees YeJe~' iii. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eb Jee Demel³eefceefle efueKele~ [1] Jeeveje: ³ee®ekebÀ Heer[³eefvle~ YeejleYe´ceCemece³es SkeÀoe mJeeceer efJeJeskeÀevevoceneso³e: JeejeCemeeR ÒeeHe~ le$e DeVeHetCee&³ee: ceefvojb ielJee ÒeCec³e ®e me leeb

mcejved efveJele&ceeve: ceeiex efkeÀceefHe efJemce³epevekeÀcevJeYeJeled~ ceeie&m³e SkeÀle: Deemeerled keÀM®eve le[eie: DeHejle: ®e GVelee efYeefÊekeÀe~ lesve ceeiexCe ie®ílee mJeeefcevee %eeleb ³eled kesÀ®eve Jeeveje: lem³e He=<þle: Devegie®ívleerefle~ ³eoe mJeeceer efle<þefle leoe lesçefHe Jeeveje: efle<þefvle~ ³eoe me ®eueefle leoe Jeeveje: lecevegie®ívleerefle %eeleb mJeeefcevee~

leeved ceeiee&od otjerkeÀleg¥ mJeeefcevee HeoÒenejm³eeefYeve³e: ke=Àle: leoe les ob<ìgceOeeJeved~ keÀefþveesç³eb Òeme*die: Fefle celJee Yeerle: me: lJej³ee Heueeef³elegceejYele~ Jeeveje DeefHe leced DevJeOeeJeved~ mebYeevleb mJeeefceveb Heuee³eceeveb ¢<ìdJee ceeiex Deemeerve: keÀesçefHe ³ee®ekeÀ: G®®ewjYee<ele, `Dejs mebv³eeefmeved, Deueb Heuee³evesve~ efveYe&³ele³ee leeved Jeevejeved DeefYecegKees YeJe~ lesve les Jeeveje: Yeerlee: ve lJeeb Heer[ef³e<³eefvle~'

leoekeÀC³e& efveM®e³eb ke=ÀlJee mJeeceer efveM®eue: DeefYecegKe: peele: lesve les Yeerlee: Jeeveje: otjb Heueeef³elee:~ ye 2. Meyo%eeveced~ (keÀe: DeefHe 3 ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~) keÀ. mebJeeoebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ keÀ.1. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (kesÀçefHe 2 ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~) i. Gef®eleb He³ee&³e ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ [1] DeJee&®eerve ceneje<ì^m³e Yeei³ejs<ee Deefmle _______ ~ (keÀesje[er-Deeweq<CekeÀer Tpee&ÒekeÀuHe:, keÀes³evee-peueefJeÐeglÒekeÀuHe:) efvemeiee&led ÒeeHle Tpee& veece _______ Tpee&~ (DeHeejcHeefjkeÀer / HeejcHeefjkeÀer) ii. HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ [1] ieÐeebMes GefuueefKeleeefve ceneYetleeefve efueKele~ iii. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eb Jee Demel³eefceefle efueKele~ meewj-Tpee& DeHeejcHeefjkeÀer Tpee&~ [1]

i. meefvOeefJeûenb kegÀ©le~ leoekeÀC³e& = _______ +_______ ~ [1] ii. efJeueesceMeyoew ef®evegle~ [1] He=<þle: - _______ ~ (Hegjle:, meceerHele:, GYe³ele:) DeefYecegKe: - _______ ~ (meccegKe:, Heje*dcegKe:, DeOeescegKe:) iii. ieÐeebMes Deeieles efJeMes<eCes efueKele~ [1]

³ee®ekeÀ: _______~ efYeefÊekeÀe _______ ~ iv. ieÐeebMes Deeieles Üs HetJe&keÀeueJee®ekeÀOeelegmeeefOelelJeevle-DeJ³e³es~ [1]

_______~, _______ ~

ye 3.He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ ³eLee¬eÀceb Ieìveeb efueKele~ [2]

i. JeevejeCeeced DevegOeeJeveced~ ii. DeeHeo: efvejekeÀjCeced~ iii. ceefvojoMe&veced~ iv. ³ee®ekeÀÜeje GodyeesOeveced~

262

262

Std. X : Sanskrit ‐ Mandakini Þes³ee efvemeiee&led ÒeeHlee DeHeejcHeefjkeÀer Tpee& leg Dece³ee&oe YeJeefle~ HeeLe&: met³e&:, HeJeve:, peueefcel³esleeefve ceneYetleeefve~ Sleeefve DeHeejcHeefjkeÀeefve Tpee&meeOeveeefve DeefHe Tpee¥ efvecee&legb meceLee&efve~

ieesce³eeled, HeCee&JeMes<eeod, DeJekeÀej®®e pewefJekeÀJee³eg: ÒeYeJeefle leLee SjC[yeerpeevceOegkeÀyeerpeeoer#eggoC[eJeMes<ee®®e pewefJekeÀlewueb efveceea³eles~ DeCegY³eesçefHe Tpee& ueY³eles~ Þes³ee leLeeefHe Sles<eg meewjb ñeesle: DeHeefjefceleced De#e³eb, Òeot<eCecegkeÌleb ®e~ keÀesje[er Fl³e$e Deewef<CekeÌ³ee: Tpee&³ee: ÒekeÀuHe: leLee

ì^e@cyesleejeHegjmLeew Üew DeCegefJeÐegled-ÒekeÀuHeew Òeefme×ew~keÀes³evee-peue-efJeÐeglÒekeÀuHemleg DeJee&®eerveceneje<ì^m³e Yeei³ejs<ewJe~ keÀ 2. Meyo%eeveced~ (keÀe: DeefHe 3 ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~)

i. ®elegLe&Heob efueKele~ [1] DeCegY³eesçefHe = DeCegY³e: + DeefHe:: DeJekeÀje®®e = _______ + _______~ ii. He³ee&³eMeyo:~ [1] Yeeveg:, Jee³eg: Fl³eLex ieÐeebMes ³eesefpeleew Meyoew efueKele~ iii. efjkeÌlemLeeves Üs efJeMes<eCes efueKele~ [1] _______, _______meewjb ñeesle:~

iv. ieÐeebMes Deeieles <e<þîevleHeos _______, _______~ [1] keÀ 3. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ ceneje<ì^s efJeÐeceeveeved Tpee&ÒekeÀuHeeved peeuejsKeeef®e$es efueKele~

efÜleer³e:: efJeYeeie: – HeÐeced~ (He=LekeÌkeÀjCeb, mHe<ìkeÀjCeb, MeyomecHeefÊe:, DevJe³eHetefle&, mcejCeb, Je=Êe%eeveced~)

ÒeMve 2.De. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ De 1. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~

ce¡et<eele: Gef®eleeved Meyoeved ef®elJee Gef®ele mlecYes efueKele~ [2]

MekeÌ³eced DeMekeÌ³eced

(efmekeÀleeefYe: meslegyevOeveced, DeO³e³evesve efJeÐeeÒeeeqHle:, HeÀuekesÀ ef®e$ejsKeeìveced, J³eeseqcve ef®e$ekeÀuHevee)

efveye&vOeHe=<ì: me ®e leb Me¬eÀesçJeeoerled efÜpeeke=Àefle:~ meslegb yeOveeefce ie*diee³eeb leeje³e ÒeeefCeveeefceefle~~1~~ leleesçye´Jeerled leHeesolle: mesleg: efkebÀ cetKe& yeO³eles~ ie*diee³eeceesIene³ee&efYe: efmekeÀleeefYe: keÀoe®eve~~2~~

le®í¦lJee lecegJee®ewJeb Me¬eÀesçLe efÜpeªHeOe=kedÀ~ ³eÐewJeb Jeseqlme leod efJeÐeeb efJevee Heeþb efJevee Þegleced ~~3~~ keÀmceeod Je´leesHeJeemeeefoefYemlJeb meeOeef³elegcegÐele:~ F³eb MeMeefJe<eeCes®íe J³eeseqcve Jee ef®e$ekeÀuHevee~~4~~

De.2. mHe<ìerkeÀjCeced~ `MeMeefJe<eeCes®íe' Dem³ee: keÀuHevee³ee: mHe<ìerkeÀjCeb ceeO³eceYee<e³ee efueKele~ [2]

ceneje<ì^s Tpee&ÒekeÀuHee:

leejeHegjced .

keÀesje[er

peueefJeÐegled.ì^e@cyes

263


ÒeMve 2. ye. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìs ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~ ye.1. Meyo%eeveced~ i. efJeueesceMeyoew efueKele~ [1] DeOeescegKe: - _______~ keÀoeef®eled - _______~ ii. Üs efJeMes<eCes efueKele~ megke=Àefleve: - _______, _______~ [1] ye. 2. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efjkeÌlemLeeveeefve Hetjef³elJee ÒeLeceÍueeskeÀm³e DevJe³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ [2] keÀoefLe&lem³eeefHe Oew³e&Je=les: _______ Òecee<ìg&ced _______ MekeÌ³eles~ DeOeescegKem³eeefHe ke=Àlem³e JeÚs: _______ keÀoeef®eosJe

_______ ve ³eeefvle~ ÒeMve 2. keÀ. DeOeesoÊes<eg megYeeef<eles<eg Üs megYeeef<eles Meg×s HetCex ®e efueKele~ [4] ÒeMve 2. [. Je=Êeveece ef®evegle~ [1] Dem³e ÍueeskeÀm³e Je=Êeveece _______ Fefle~ (FvêJeýee / GHesvêJeýee / ieerefle:)

le=leer³e: efJeYeeie: mLetueJee®eveced~ (ieÐeced DeJeyeesOeveced, He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~)

ÒeMve 3. ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ De. DeJeyeesOeveced~ i. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eb Jee Demel³eefceefle efueKele~ j*dieJ³eeflekeÀjw: ef®e$em³e MeesYee ve JeOe&les~ [1] ii. SkeÀHeosve GÊejb efueKele~ YeeJeeveeb ef®e$eCeb keÀLeb keÀle&J³eced? [1]

ye. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ ce_pet<eele: 4 Gef®eleeved Meyoeved ef®elJee mlecYeHetjCeb kegÀ©le~ [2]

1. keÀoefLe&lem³eeefHe efn Oew³e&Je=les - ve& MekeÌ³eles Oew³e&iegCe: Òecee<ìg&ced~ DeOeescegKem³eeefHe ke=Àlem³e JeÚs- vee&Oe: efMeKee ³eeefvle keÀoeef®eosJe~~

2. meoe meodûevLeeveeb ÞeJeCeceveves ³es efJeoOeles ve³evles Jee keÀeueb keÀefJeke=ÀleefJeveesow: Òecegefolee:~ Yećeb otjerkegÀJe&efvle ®e meogHeosMesve kegÀefOe³eeb

mJe³eb efveYeé&vlelJeeled ÒeYegHeojleemles megke=Àefleve:~~

1. ³em³e ve _______ ye=nmHeefle:~~ 2. ³eLee íe³eeleHeew _______ lejced~~3. DeCegHetJe¥ _______ kegÀ©~~

ie=”vleg meJex ³eefo Jee ³eLes<ìb veeefmle #eefle: keÌJeeefHe keÀJeeréejeCeeced~jlves<eg meJex<eg yeng<Jecel³ezjÐeeefHe jlveekeÀj SJe efmevOeg:~~

ef®e$ekeÀuee³eeb JeCe&efJev³eemes SJeb ef®e$ekeÀejm³e Hejer#ee YeJeefle vewHegC³eb ®e DeeefJe<ke=Àleb YeJeefle~ MJesle:, jkeÌle:, Heerle:, ke=À<Ce;, nefjleM®ewles He_®eÒeOeeveJeCee&: efJeefolee:~ efÜ$eeCeeb meeqcceÞeCesve DeJeevlejJeCee&veeb me*dK³ee DeieefCelee Jele&les~ Hejb mebefceÞeCeeLe¥ M³eeceieewjJeCeez DeleerJecenÊJeHetCeez~ j*dieJ³eeflekeÀjw: ef®e$em³e MeesYee JeOe&les~ Hejceeqmceved efJe<e³es ef®e$ekeÀejm³e keÀuHekeÀlee SJe DeeJeM³ekeÀer~ ef®e$emet$eefJeJejCemece³es ceeke&ÀC[s³ecegefvevee Dee³eecees®íê³eceeveJeCe&veb ke=Àleced~ ef®e$es m$eerHeg©<e³ees: owI³e&ced, Godielelee leLee ®e Mejerjm³eDe*dieÒel³e*dieced Fl³esles<eeb ef®e$emet$eced Fefle meb%ee~ Fob meJe¥ ÒeceeefCeleb YeJesled~ ³elees efn HeefjceeCesve efJevee ef®e$eceekeÀ<e&kebÀ ve YeJeefle~ DeefHe ®ekeÀeJ³eMeem$es ³es Me=*dieejJeerjkeÀ©Ceeo³e: veJejmee: JeefCe&lee: les SJe ef®e$es ÒekeÀefìlee: YeJes³eg~ jmeeveeb ef®e$eCebef®e$es ®ewlev³eb efvecee&efle~De*dieefJeYe*diew: Ëo³em³e YeeJee: ÒekeÀefìlee: YeJeefvle~ YeeJeeveeb ef®e$eCeb veJejmeevegketÀueb keÀle&J³eced~ YeeJe³egkeÌleb ef®e$eb ÒeYeeJekeÀeefj YeJeefle~

ÒeOeeveJeCeez mebefceÞeCeeLe¥ cenÊJeHetCeez JeCeez________

________

________

________

(nefjle:, keÀ<ee³e:, ieewj:, keÀHeesle:, Heerle:, M³eece:)

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®elegLe&: efJeYeeie: uesKevekeÀewMeueced~ ÒeMve 4. ³eLeeefveoxMeb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (kesÀJeueb 3 GHeÒeMvee: uesKeveer³ee:~) De. Heefj®ísoHetefle&:~ [5] ce_pet<eele: Gef®eleeved Meyoeved ef®elJee efjkeÌlemLeeveeefve Hetjef³elJee Heefj®ísob Hegveefue&Kele~ DeÐelJes ne@keÀer¬eÀer[e peveeveeb ueeskeÀefÒe³ee ¬eÀer[e Jele&les~ MeleceerìjHeefjefceles efJeMeeues ________ SkeÀeqmceved He#es

SkeÀeoMe ¬eÀer[keÀeveeced DeHejeqmceved He#es ®e ________ Flemlele: OeeJeleeb ¢M³eced DeleerJe ceveesneefj~ ³eoe efveHegCe¬eÀer[kesÀve veer³eceeve: keÀvogkeÀ: HejHe#eieesues ÒeefJeMeefle leoe oMe&keÀe: keÀjleueOJeefveb kegÀJe&vle: ________ Glmeenb JeOe&³eefvle~ ³e: oue: DeefOekeÀeved ieesuekeÀeved keÀjesefle me efJepe³eer YeJeefle~ ________ ne@keÀerÒeefle³eesefieleeveeb mecee®eejeved DeveskesÀ pevee: Me=CJeefvle DeLe ®e otjoMe&ve³ev$esY³eesçefHe ue#eMe:oMe&keÀe: ¬eÀer[keÀeveeb Kesue®eeleg³e¥ ¢<ìdJee Òemeeroefvle~ ne@keÀer¬eÀer[e Yeejleer³eeveeb jeef<ì³ee ¬eÀer[e~ Yeejlesve Dee@efueefcHekeÀÒeefle³eesefieleemeg mJeCe&HeokebÀ ________~

(ueyOeced, DeekeÀeMeJeeefCe³ev$eeled, ¬eÀer[e*dieCes, efJepeef³eHe#em³e, SkeÀeoMe¬eÀer[keÀeveeced) ye. efveyevOeuesKeveced~ [5] 3 He³ee&³es<eg 1 efJe<e³eced DeefOeke=Àl³e 5 JeekeÌ³eelcekebÀ efveyevOeb efueKele~ Je=ÊeHe$eeefCe, efJepe³eeoMeceer, J³ee³eecem³e cenÊJeced~ keÀ. mebmke=ÀleevegJeeo:~ [5] 8 JeekeÌ³es<eg 5 JeekeÌ³eeveeb mebmke=ÀleYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~

i. {ie HeeTme Hee[leele. i. Clouds rain. i. yeeoue Heeveer yejmeeles nQ~ ii. mecegêe®es HeeCeer Keejì Demeles. ii. Sea-water is salty. ii. meeiej keÀe peue vecekeÀerve neslee

nw~ iii. legP³ee YeeJee®es veeJe meebie. iii. Tell your brother’s name. iii. DeeHekesÀ YeeF& keÀe veece yeleeFS~iv. ns leguee keÀesCeer meebefieleues? iv. Who told you this? iv. ³en legcns efkeÀmeves yelee³ee? v. ner HegÀues DeeCeueer Deensle. v. These flowers are brought. v. ³es HetÀue uee³es nQ~ vi. JeeIe ieJele Keele veener. vi. A tiger does not eat grass. vi. yeeIe Ieeme veneR Keelee nw~ vii. let leer yeeleceer Jee®eueerme keÀe? vii. Have you read that news? vii. letves Jen mecee®eej Heæ{e keÌ³ee?viii. v³ee³eeOeerMeeves DeHejeO³eeuee

Meemeve keÀjeJes. viii. The judge should punish

the offender. viii. v³ee³eeOeerMe ceneso³e DeHejeOeer

keÀes Meemeve keÀjs~ [. JeekeÌ³ej®evee~ i. Oeeletveeb Òe³eesie: - ®eleg<eg& Oeeleg<eg 3 Oeeletved Òe³egp³e 3 JeekeÌ³eeefve mebmke=ÀleYee<e³ee efueKele~ [3] 1. ©®ed 1 Dee. He. 2. oe 1 He. He 3. efJe jced 1 He. He. 4. keÀLed 10 G. He. ii. DeMegef×mebMeesOeveced - DeJ³e³eeefve Òe³egp³e jef®eles<eg 4 JeekeÌ³es<eg 2 JeekeÌ³e³ees: DeMegef×mebMeesOeveb kegÀ©le~ [2] 1. lemcew ieCeHeefleb vece:~ 2. ceneceeie&m³e GYe³ele: Je=#ee: meefvle~ 3. jesoveeod Deueced~ 4. ceelee men yeeefuekeÀe Meeueeb ie®íefle~

Heáece: efJeYeeie: J³eekeÀjCeced-GHe³eespevekeÀewMeueced~ ÒeMve 5. ³eLeeefveoxMeb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (kesÀJeueb 5 GHeÒeMvee: uesKeveer³ee:~) De. ef¬eÀ³eeHeoªHew: DeeJeefueHetjCeced~ (8 He³ee&³es<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) [3] meJee&efCe ªHeeefCe le=leer³eHeg©<e-SkeÀJe®evem³e uesKeveer³eeefve~

Oeeleg: efÜleer³eYeefJe<³elkeÀeue: Hejes#eYetlekeÀeue: Jele&ceevekeÀeue: ÒeLeceYetlekeÀeue: Dee%eeLe&: efJeO³eLe&: ke=À 8 Dee.He. _______ ®e¬esÀ _______ _______ kegÀ©leeced _______

ieced 1 He.He _______ _______ ie®íefle _______ _______ ie®ísled

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ye. veece + meJe&veecveebªHew: DeeJeefueHetjCeced~ (8 He³ee&³es<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) [3]

efJeYeeqkeÌle: Case SkeÀJe®eveced efÜJe®eveced yengJe®eveced meHleceer Locative Þeerceefle _______ _______ le=leer³ee Instrumental _______ JeeiY³eeced _______

®elegLeea Dative _______ _______ DemceY³eced / ve: <e<þer Genetive meJe&m³ee: _______ _______

keÀ. OeelegmeeefOeleefJeMes<eCew: keÀes<þkeÀHetefle&~ (8 He³ee&³es<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) [3]

keÀce&. Yet. Oee. efJe., Past Passive

Participle

keÀ. efJe. Oee. efJe., Potential Passive

Participle

keÀle&. Yet. Oee. efJe., Past Active Participle

keÀle&. Je. keÀe. Oee. efJe., Present Active Participle

(ÒeeHlee, DeeveerleJeeved, ievleJ³e:, ke=Àl³e:, Yee<eceeCe:, efueKevleer, oÊeced, HeerleJeleer~)

[. meceemee:~ (8 He³ee&³e<eg 6 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) [3]

efJeûenJeekeÌ³eeveeb meceemeveeceefYe: men cesueveced~

i. megKeb ®e og:Keb ®e~ keÀce&Oeej³e:~

ii. Guueemesve men ³eLee m³eeled leLee~ ve_ed lelHeg©<e:~

iii. MeeqkeÌleced Devegme=l³e~ yengJeérefn:~

iv. ef®evleves ceive:~ Òeeefo lelHeg©<e:~

v. ve efÒe³eced~ FlejslejÜvÜ:~

vi. Decyejced SJe De*dieCeced~ meHleceer lelHeg©<e:~

vii. efJeMes<esCe K³eele:~ DeJ³e³eerYeeJe:~

viii. veerue: keÀCþ: ³em³e me:~ ef¬eÀ³eeefJeMes<eCe men yengJeérefn:~ F. JeekeÌ³eHeefjJele&veced~ (4 He³ee&³e<eg 3 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) [3]

i. ce³ee ®eerJejced Ghe³eesefpeleced~ (Òe³eesieHeefjJele&veb kegÀ©le~) (Change the voice.) ii. veäs keÀejCes kegÀle: keÀe³eexlHeefÊe:~ (³eefo - leefn& Ghe³egp³e JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~) (Use ³eefo- - leefn& and rewrite the sentence.) iii. jeäÔJepe: ceeb keÀerefle&keÀLee: mceej³eefle~ (keÀle&=mLeeves Denced Ghe³egp³e JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~) (Rewrite the sentence using Denced as the subject.) iv. YeJeeved meÊJejced Ghe®eejb keÀjesleg~ (YeJeeved Fl³em³e mLeeves lJeced Ghe³egp³e JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~) (Rewrite the sentence using lJeced in place of YeJeeved) HeÀ. me*dK³eeJee®ekeÀe:~ efjkeÌlemLeeveHetefle&:~ (4 He³ee&³e<eg 3 He³ee&³ee: uesKeveer³ee:~) [3] i. veJeje$eb veece _______ je$eerCeeb meceenej:~ (9) ii. HeeC[Jes<eg Depeg&ve: _______~ (3je) (3rd) iii. _______ HegjeCeeefve Òeefme×eefve~ (18) iv. efHeleecener efovem³e _______ Yeespeveb keÀjesefle~ (SkeÀoe once)

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<eÿ: efJeYeeie: DevegJeeokeÀewMeueced~ ÒeMve 6. ³eLeeefveoxMeb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le ~ De. mebmke=ÀleieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~ [4] jeF&ìdyevOJees: Òe³eesieeod DeäJe<e&HetJe¥ YeejÜepecegefvevee efueefKelem³e `³ev$emeJe&mJeced' veecve: ûevLeeOeejsCe efMeJekeÀj-yeeHetpeer-leUHeosveecvee kesÀveef®eod Jew%eeefvekesÀve efiejieeJemecegêleìs meHeÀuele³ee efJeceeve-G·eve-Òe³eesie: ke=Àle:~

Òe³eesiemece³es ye@. pe³ekeÀj:, cenejepe: me³eeefpeje³e-iee³ekeÀJee[: Fl³eeo³e: ceev³eJeje:GheefmLelee:~ ogozJesve S<ee cenÊJeHetCee& Ieìvee ogue&ef#ele peelee~ leUHeosceneso³esve efJeceevem³e FvOevelJesve jme: (mercury) leLee met³e&MeeqkeÌle: (solar energy) Ghe³eesefpeles~ mecÒeefle veemee (NASA) mebmLeeefHe lem³ee: DeJekeÀeMe³eeveeveeb ke=Àles leosJe FvOeveced Ghe³eespe³eefle~

ye. mebmke=ÀleHeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le ~ [4] F#eesjûeel¬eÀceMe: HeJe&efCe HeJe&efCe ³eLee jmeefJeMes<e: ~ leodJelmeppevecew$eer efJeHejerleeveeb leg efJeHejerlee ~~1~~ Me$egYeeJeefmLeleeved ³emleg keÀjesefle JeMeJeefle&ve: ~ Òe%eeÒe³eesiemeeceL³ee&led me Metj: me ®e HeefC[le: ~~2~~

keÀ. mebmke=ÀleveeìîeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee DevegJeeob kegÀ©le ~ [4] jepee - lesve efn Òemlet³eleeb efJeJeeo: ~

osJeer - ³eefo ceeb He=®íefme Sle³eesefJe&Jeeo SJe ces ve jes®eles~ ieCeoeme: - osefJe, ve ceeb meceeveefJeÐele: HeefjYeJeveer³eced DeJeievlegcen&efme ~ efJeot<ekeÀ: - YeJeefle, HeM³eeefce GjYe´mebHeeleced~ efkebÀ cegOee Jesleveoevesve ? osJeer - veveg keÀuenefÒe³eesçefme~

efJeYeeiee: efJekeÀuHejefnleced meefJekeÀuHeced ieÐeced 21 27

HeÐeced 13 15

mLetueJee®eveced 04 04

uesKeveced 15 20

J³eekeÀjCeced 15 18

DeHeefþleced 12 12

SkeÀef$elee: iegCee: 80 96

mebefJeOeeve lekeÌlee

efJeYeeieevegmeeefj iegCeefJeYeepeveced GefÎäevegmeeefj iegCeefJeYeepeveced ÒekeÀejevegmeeefj iegCeefJeYeepeveced ieÐeced 21 %eeveced 10 Jemlegefveÿ 37 HeÐeced 13 DeekeÀueveced 09 ueIetÊejer 17 mLetueJee®eveced 04 Ghe³eespeveced 31 oerIeexÊejer 26 uesKeveced 15 keÀewMeueced 30 80 J³eekeÀjCeced 15 80

DeHeefþleced 12 80

best of luck to all the aspirants! express my deepest gratitude to i.e.s. sanskrit kendra, dadar for...

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