Best Management Practices for Carinata

Production

Ramdeo Seepaul

Emergence/seedling Vegetative Boltingestablishment

Flowering Seed development/ Seed maturation dessication

25 DAP 50DAP 70 DAP

90 DAP 125/165 DAP 190 DAP

Brassica carinata

Maximizing Yield Potential

Grain Yield

Crop improvement

Crop rotation

Plant nutrition

Tillage

Plant density

Planting Date

Harvest management

Weed control

Insect control

Disease control

Irrigation

Yield Protecting Factors Yield Building Factors

3500 lb seed/acre

200 gal oil/acre

Pod number, seeds per pod

Best Management Practices

High yielding genotypes

Value of variety or genotype testing –each evaluatedfor maturity, yield and oil content and quality

Jay

Quincy

Citra

Optimum planting date

Planting date

Oct. 21 Nov. 13 Dec. 13

Yie

ld (

lb/a

cre

)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Agrisoma 814

Agrisoma 994 Planting date

Variety

Optimum N application rate

N application rate (lb/acre)

0 40 80 120

Yie

ld (

lb/a

cre

)

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

Disk

Chisel

N uptake and removal

N timing and rate

N source

N Use screening

N and tillage method

Optimum seeding rate and row spacing

Row spacing (inches)

7 14 21 35

Yie

ld (

lb/a

cre

)

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

70002.7 lb/A

5.4

8.0

10.7

Seeding rate

Row spacing

Harvest management

Timing of chemical

desiccant

Timing of swathing

Timing of Swathing and Chemical Desiccation on Carinata Grain Yield (Quincy, FL)

Date of swathing/spraying

May 7 May 14 May 21 May 28

Yie

ld (

lb/a

cre

)

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000Swathing Chemical desiccationFinal harvest

Row spacing effects on carinata grain and oil yield and fatty acid composition

Row Spacing

Grain Yield Oil Yield Oil Protein Fatty acid composition (%)

cm kg/ha l/ha % C 16:0 C 18:0 C 18:1 C 18:2 C 18:3 C 20:1 C 22:1

18 4139 b 2156 b 42.1 a 28.3 ab 3.0 b 1.1 a 11.3 a 16.2 a 13.1 a 9.6 ab 37.3 b

36 6840 a 3557 a 41.7 a 28.3 ab 3.0 b 1.1 a 11.6 a 16.4 a 12.8 b 9.8 a 37.2 b

54 3724 b 1927 b 41.7 a 29.1 a 3.1 a 1.1 a 10.7 a 16.2 a 13.2 a 9.4 b 38.2 a

90 2497 c 1316 c 42.6 a 28.0 b 3.0 b 1.1 a 11.6 a 16.2 a 13.1 a 9.7 ab 37.7 ab

LSD 1066 524 1.17 0.92 0.07 0.03 1.11 0.61 0.27 0.35 0.82

Variety selection- yield, maturity

Fertility (soil test P, K, Ca, Mg, micros)

Soil moisture at plant

Rotations (winter crop before soybean,

sorghum, sesame, etc., ALS herbicides?)

Planting date (Nov. 1-30)

High quality treated seed (6-7 kg/ha)

Firm seedbed or conservation till

Weed control at plant without wild radish, be careful for residual herbicides

N applied at 20-40 kg/ha at plant followed by 70 kg/ha late Jan. early Feb.

Insect and disease control- scout and apply insecticides as needed

Timely harvest (8-10%) moisture

High impact production practices

Carinata Production in Florida

C.M. Bliss1, R. Seepaul

1, D.L. Wright

1, J.J. Marois

1, R. Leon

2, N. Dufault

3, S. George

1, S.M. Olson

1

Brassica carinata is a promising oilseed crop with

great potential for profitable cultivation in Florida. Its

high oil content and favorable fatty acid profile make

it suitable for the biofuel industry, especially as a

biojet fuel. The University of Florida’s North Florida

Research and Education Center (NFREC) in Quincy,

FL, has been working with Agrisoma Biosciences Inc.

to identify advanced carinata genotypes that are high

yielding (seed and oil), disease resistant, early

maturing, and adapted to Florida. Agrisoma

Biosciences Inc. has the world’s largest collection of

carinata germplasm.

B. carinata, commonly called Ethiopian mustard, is

native to the Ethiopian highlands. Carinata is a

member of the mustard family, Brassicaceae, and has

a high glucosinolate content. It is heat and drought

tolerant and can withstand weather extremes.

Figure 1. From field to flight

Planting —Potential yield reduction may occur with planting too early or late.

Frost/freeze damage—There is a potential of significant cold weather events damaging young plants or plants with early lush growth.

Diseases—Although significant losses due to disease in carinata have not occurred in Florida, scouting and control may be necessary.

Residual herbicide—Carinata is sensitive to certain residual herbicides, especially routine chemicals applied to cotton and peanuts. Significant crop damage may occur if planted before prescribed planting intervals.

Harvesting green, immature stems—Carinata stalks are tougher than canola or other mustards. Green stems will delay the harvesting process and use more energy.

Harvest losses—Allowing pods to dry beyond optimal maturity may result in excessive shattering while harvesting, resulting in considerable loss in yield.

Production Challenges