BERFIKIR SEBAGAI BERFIKIR SEBAGAI KEGIATAN SEORANG KEGIATAN SEORANG

MUSLIMMUSLIM

ISLAM UNTUK DISIPLIN ILMU KEDOKTERANISLAM UNTUK DISIPLIN ILMU KEDOKTERAN

DualismDualismMultiplicityMultiplicityContextual relativismContextual relativismCommitment to relativismCommitment to relativism

Perry’s and Syech Utsaimin’s Perry’s and Syech Utsaimin’s developmental modeldevelopmental model

DualismDualism

World is viewed in absolute either/or termsWorld is viewed in absolute either/or terms Truth is assumed to be knownTruth is assumed to be known Information is processed into one of two Information is processed into one of two

categories (right/wrong; god/bad, etc)categories (right/wrong; god/bad, etc) Authorities hold truth, so rely on experts Authorities hold truth, so rely on experts

instead of one’s own ideas (just accept instead of one’s own ideas (just accept everything without asking)everything without asking)

Tasks that require thinking about options Tasks that require thinking about options or many points of view are confusingor many points of view are confusing

MultiplicityMultiplicity

More tolerance for diverse viewpoints but More tolerance for diverse viewpoints but temporary in areas where authority hasn’t temporary in areas where authority hasn’t found the answer yetfound the answer yet

Questions can legitimately have multiple Questions can legitimately have multiple answersanswers

Those that hold different beliefs are no Those that hold different beliefs are no longer seen as simply wronglonger seen as simply wrong

Unable to adequately evaluate points of Unable to adequately evaluate points of view and question the legitimacy of doing view and question the legitimacy of doing soso

Contextual RelativismContextual Relativism Knowledge is relativeKnowledge is relative Uncertainty replaces absolutismUncertainty replaces absolutism Begin to have more faith in own experiences and Begin to have more faith in own experiences and

ideasideas Begin to differentiate between an unconsidered Begin to differentiate between an unconsidered

belief and a considered judgmentbelief and a considered judgment Authorities are no longer resisted, but can be Authorities are no longer resisted, but can be

valued for their expertisevalued for their expertise Differing expertise or not merely acknowledged, Differing expertise or not merely acknowledged,

but even sees as pieces of larger wholebut even sees as pieces of larger whole

Commitment within Commitment within RelativismRelativism

Knowledge and authorities are viewed Knowledge and authorities are viewed in much the same way, but students in much the same way, but students have deliberately-through have deliberately-through critical critical reflectionreflection - chosen a particular - chosen a particular viewpoint, value or belief as their ownviewpoint, value or belief as their own

Committed relativism recognizes that Committed relativism recognizes that other perspectives may have validity; other perspectives may have validity; differing viewpoints are tolerated as differing viewpoints are tolerated as long as such positions are supported long as such positions are supported with evidence and sound reasoning.with evidence and sound reasoning.

Perry’s development as a modelPerry’s development as a model

In relation to Perry’s modelIn relation to Perry’s model

Where do you stand in general?Where do you stand in general?

Best Way to Do the Personal Best Way to Do the Personal PhilosophyPhilosophy

Relate it to all key areas in medical educationRelate it to all key areas in medical education Where one stands in terms of teaching and Where one stands in terms of teaching and

learning, or assessment, or curriculum, etclearning, or assessment, or curriculum, etc Might have to acknowledge that in some areas Might have to acknowledge that in some areas

one has come further that in some other areasone has come further that in some other areas It’s all about the ‘pilgrimage of the journey’ in It’s all about the ‘pilgrimage of the journey’ in

medical educationmedical education Address each key areas, and then have overview Address each key areas, and then have overview

in general (inter-relationship) or use one key in general (inter-relationship) or use one key areas as an entry to other key areasareas as an entry to other key areas

Where you stand and why you stand thereWhere you stand and why you stand there Bearing own soul on the development of paperBearing own soul on the development of paper