KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2(114

BENH VIEM VU H BO SffA NUOI TAI THANH PHO CAN THU Trdn Ngoc Bich, Nguyen Hoang Shan,

I Nguyen Phuc Khdnh, Pham Hoang Dung Khoa Nong nghiep vd SHlfD-Truong Dai hoc Cdn Tha

TOM TAT 271 mau siia thu tir 72 bo siJa tai hgp tac xa nuoi bo sira Long Hoa, thanh pho Can Tha da dugfc

kiem tra bang phuang phap CMT. Ket qua kiem tra cho thay 25,09% thiiy vii bi viem a the tiem an va 51,39% bo bi viem vii a the tiem an. Cac yeu to co anh huong ro ret den viem vii tiem an nhu hinh thuc vat stla, thang cho siia, lua de. Cac yeu to khac it co anh huong hem nhu quy mo dan, nhom bo lai, san lugng sUa.

Tir khoa: Bo siia, Viem vii tiem an, CMT, Thanh pho Can Tha

Mastitis in dairy cattle raising at Can Tho city Tran Ngoc Bich, Nguyen Hoang Nhan,

Nguyen Phuc Khanh, Pham Hoang Dung

SUMMARY 271 milk samples collecting from 72 dairy cattle in Long Hoa dairy cattle raising cooperative,

Can Tho city were tested by using CMT method. The testing result showed that 25.09% of cow udder lobes and 51.39% of cows were infected with latent mastitis. The factors such as: the methods of collecting milk, month of lactating and farrows affected significantly to the rate of latent mastitis. Other factors such as: herd size, cross-breed and milk yield were less influenced to the rate of latent mastitis.

Key words: Dairy cattle, Latent mastitis, CMT, Can Tho city

I. DAT VAN DE Trong cac loai benh thuong xay ra tren bo

siJa, benh viem vii la benh pho bien, de lay lan va gay thiet hai ve kinh te rat lan vi no Iam giam san lugng siJa va chat lugng siJa. Tai Viet Nam, trong thcfi gian gan day, benh vi8m vii tren dan bo siia bat dau dugc quan tam. Nhieu khao sat cho thdy ty le b?nh viem vu tren dan bo siia la vao khoang 30 -50% dan bo sOa bi mac benh, dac biet la benh viem vii a the tiem an. Tuy khong gay chet ngay cho bo mac benh, nhung thi^t hai vd kinh ti la kha Ion, tham chi phai loai thai vat nuoi. Benh co the a dang lam sang hoac can Iam sang tuy thuoc vao mire do cua qua trinh viem nhiem. Nghien ciru gan day cho th3y b?nh viem vii chi6m 26% tong so chi phi

tat ca benh tat ciia bo sura, no dac biet nghiem trong vi sir thiet hai tir benh viem vii da cao gap hai Ian thiet hai do vo sinh va benh sinh san.

Benh viem vii tren bo s&a, mSc dii da dugc nghien ciiu nhieu tren the gioi cung nhu a mot so vimg ciia Viet Nam, tuy nhien van chua c6 mgt nghien cuu tong the nao danh gia cac yeu to nguy ca (con giong, cham s6c-nu6i duong, ve sinh-sat triing chuong trai, dung cu chan nuoi,...) lienquandenbenh viem vii tren bo sita tai nong ho (hgp tac xa) viing Dong bang song Ciiu Long. Do do, chiing toi tien hanh thuc hien nghien curu nay nham khao sat cac yeu to nguy ca lien quan den benh viem vii tren bo siia de tir do de ra cac bien phap phong chong hiiu hieu.

KHOA HOC KY THUAT T H C Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

II. NOI DUNG,VAT LIEU VA PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU 2.1. Noi dung nghien cihi

- Khao sat ty le viem vii bo siia the lam sang va can Iam sang (tiem an).

- Phan tich cac yeu to lien quan den benh viem Vli ciia bo sira: nhom mau lai (FI, F2, F3); san lugng siia/bo/ngay (< 14kg; 14-18kgva>18 kg sura/bo/ngay); lira de (I liia, 2-3 liia va > 4 lua de); Hinh thurc vSt siia; Quy mo dan (1-5 con/hg, 6-lOcon/hg, 11-15 con/hg).

2.2. Vat lieu nghign cuu

271 mSu sua cua 72 bo dang cho siia dugc thu thap tai hgp tac xa bo siia Long Hoa - TP. Can Tha

2.3. Phuong phap nghign cuu Dieu tra hoi cuu dua tren so lieu ghi chep

cua HTX va dieu tra cat ngang bang each khao sat thuc dia va idy mlu siia dem ve kiem tra o

phong thi nghiem Vi sinh - Mien dich, Bg mon thii y, truong Dai hgc Can Tho.

Phuffngphdp xdc dinh viem vu ldm sdng - Kilm tra bSng cam quan theo TCVN 7405:

2009. - Kiem tra bang bien phap so nan bau vii

(Nguyin Van Thdnh, 2010) Phuffng phdp xdc dinh viem vu tiem an

(can Idm sdng) bSng CMT (California Mastihs test) theo do siia c6 vdn de se co so lugng bach cm tren 800.000 t6 bao/ml siia (Nguyin Van Thanh, 2010). Theo ket qua nay nhiing bau vii thil CMT tir (2+) tra len dugc xem la viem vii tiem an.

-So lieu duac tong hgp bSng phan mem Excel (2003) va so sanh cac ty 16 bang phuang phap Chi Square Fixer's exact test, Chi Square Test cua phdn mem Minitab 16.0.

III . K E T Q U A - T H A O L U ^ N

Bang 1. Ty le bo viem vu the lam sang va the can lam sang (n = 72) The viem Lam sang

Can lam sang P - Value

Tong

S6 bo khao sat (con)

72

So bo viem (con) 2 37

39

Tyl#(%) 2,78" 51.39" 0,00

54,17

Cdc ky tu-a, b trong citng mot cot khdc nhau thi khdc nhau co y nghia thong ke (P

KHOA HOC KY THUAl THU Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

Bang 2. Ket qua thip miu sira theo phu'cng phap CMT (n = 271) MCFC do CMT

O(-)

1() 2 ( t ) 3(++)

4 (+++)

Tong

So m lu i

KHOA HOC KY THUAT THC Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

Bang 4. Su* lien quan giiFa quy mo dan den viem vu the can lam sang

Quy mo dan {con/ho)

1 -5 6 -10 11 -15

P - Value Tong

So bo khao sat

9 18 45

72

So thiiy vu khao sat

30 66 175

271

So thiiy viJ viem

6 13 50

68

Ty le (%) 16,67 19,70 28,57 0,19

25,09

Qua bang 4 cho thay ty le vii viem the can lam sang cao nhat a quy mo dan 11-15 con/hg (chiem 28,57%)) va thap nhat 6 dan 1 - 5 con/ hg (chiem 16,67%)). Tuy nhien khac biet nay khong CO y nghia ve mat thdng ke (P = 0,19). Dieu nay c6 the giai thich la do cac hg chan nuoi voi quy mo dan 11-15 con/hg cao hon quy mo dan 1 - 5 con/hg, nhung each bo tri mat do hop ly va CO chil y ky ve mat ve sinh, mgt so hg con trang bi he thong lam mat cho bo khi thai tiet nong va day la nhiing hg nuoi lau nam nen co each kiem soat viem vu tot. Ket qua ciia chiing

toi giong voi nghien ciru cua Tran Thanh Xuan (2005) cho rang ty Ie vu viem tiem an tang theo quy mo dan, cao nhat a quy mo dan >I0 con/hg (50%) va thdp nhdt adan I - 5 con/hg (13,22%). Nguyin van Phat (1999) cho rang quy mo d^ n 1 - 4 con/hg co ty le vii viem tiem an 7,75% va quy mo dan tren 4 con co ty Ie la 13,85%.

3.5 Nhom mau lai voi viem vu the cSn lam sang

Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 5.

Bang 5. Sir Hen quan giO'a nhom mau lai va viem vu the c^n lam sang

Nhom mau lai F1 F2 F3

P - Value Tong

So bo khao sat 18 27 27

72

So thiiy vu khao sat 63 104 104

271

So thijy vu viem 21 22 25

68

Ty ie(%) 33,33 21,15 24,04 0,20

25.09

Qua bang 5 cho thay ty Ie thiiy vii viem thi can lam sang cao nhdt a nhom mau lai Fl (33,33%o), thap nhat a nhom mau lai F2 (2I,I5%i). Tuy nhien sir khac biet nay khong co y nghia thong ke (P = 0,20). Nhom mau lai khong anh huong den viem vii tiem an. Nhom mau lai Fl tuy cho san lugng siia thdp ban nhom mau lai F2 va F3

nhimg thich ung voi moi truong tot hon nhom mau lai F2 va F3 (6 cung do tuoi).

3.6 San luong sira va viem vii the can lam sang

Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 6.

KHOA HQC KY THUAT THU Y T^P XXI SO 1 - 2014

Bang 6. SLP lien quan giCra san lu>o-ng su'a va viem vu the can lam sang San iifang sipa (kg/con/ngay)

18 P - Value

Tong

So bo khao sat

32 23 17

72

So thiiy vu khao sat

116 89 66

271

So thiiy vu viem

34 20 14

68

Ty ie (%) 29,31 22,47 21,21 0.38

25,09

Khac biet khong co y nghia thong ke ve ty le thiiy vu viem the can lam sang theo san lugng sira (P = 0,38). Tuy vay viem vii the can lam sang vin co phan nao Iam giam san lugng su'a. Ty I? thiiy vii viem the can Iam sang cao nhdt d san lugng sua < 14kg/con/ngay (29,31 %) va thdp nhdt >I8kg/con/ngay (21,21%). Kit qua cua chiing toi phii hgp voi nghien cuu ciia Nguyin Minh Tri (2008) khi nhan dinh bo bi benh viem

Vli the can lam sang lam giam san lugng sua. Ty Ie Vli viem a san lugng sira 15kg/ con/ngay (18,18%). Souto va ctv (2010) cung cho rang viem vii se lam giam san lugng siia.

3.7 Lira de vdi viem vti the can lam s^ng Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 7.

Bang 7. Viem vu the can lam sang theo lu'a de

Lu-a 66 (iLFa) 1 2 3

4 - 8 P - Value

T6ng

So bo khao sdt 30 15 9 18

72

So thiiy vu khao sat 118 57 35 61

271

So thuy vu viem 19 15 12 22

68

Ty if (%) 16.10b

26.32ab 34.29a 36.07a 0.01

25.09

Cdc ky lira, b trong ciing mot cot khdc nhau thi khdc nhau co y nghia thong ke (P< 0,05)

Qua bang 7 chiing toi nhan thay co su khac bi^t CO y nghia thong ke ve ty le viem vii the can lam sang giiia cac lira de (P = 0,01). Ty le vii viem the can Iam sang cao nhat a Iiia de thii 4 - 8 (36,07%) va thdp nhdt a lira de thir 1 (16,10%). Ty I? vii viem a Ilia de thii 2 va lira de thii 3 lan lugt la 26,32% va 34,29%. Ty le vii viem the can lam sang tSng dan theo lua de. Ket qua ciia chiing toi tuang tu vai nghien cuu cua mgt so tac gia: Tran Thanh Xuan (2005) cho rang ty I? vii viem tiem an thap nhat a lua de thii I (23,22%) va cao nhdt a lira de >7 (62,22%), Nguyin van Phat (1999) cho biet ty le vii viem thap nhat a lira de thir 1 (5,97%i) va sau do tang

dan den Iiia de >4 (13,20%). Theo Nguyen Ngoc Dien (1999), ty Ie vii viem thap nhat a lua de thii 1 (34,51%) va cao nhdt a Iiia de >12 (100%). Ket qua nay ciing phii hop vai tac gia Tainturier (1997), cho rang ty le vii viem the can Iam sang tang dan theo liia de ciing nhu theo tuoi, do gia siic ldn tuoi, ca vong dau vii giam tinh dan hoi nen vi sinh vat de xam nhap vao bau vii va gay viem Vli. Detilleus va ctv (1997), cho rang so lugng te bao than tang Ien theo lira de, dieu nay CO the giai thich rang do ty le viem vii tang theo lira de dan den so lugng te bao than cung tang theo. Skrzypek va ctv (2004), cho rdng so lugng te bao than tang theo lira de.

KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

3.8 Thang cho sua va viem vu the can ISm s^ng

Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 8.

Bang 8. SLP lien quan giira thang cho sira va viem vu the c|n lam sang Thang cho sij'a

1 - 2 3 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 8 >8

P-Value T6ng

So bo khao sat 15 20 12 10 15

72

So thiiy vu khao sat 56 79 45 39 52

271

So thiiy vij viem 12 10 12 13 21

68

TJ 1$ (%) 21.43" 12.66 26.67" 33,33 40,38' 0.00

25,09

Cdc ky tu a, b. c trong cung mot cot khdc nhau thi khdc nhau co y nghia thong ke (P8. Kit qua cua chung toi phii hgp vai nhan dinh cua mpt so tac gia nhu Kennedy (1982), Radostits (2000) cho rang so lugng tl bao than giam nhanh trong suot hai thang cho siira dau tien sau do tang dan len cho din khi can siia, su tang len ciia te bao than nay thuong la do anh huong cua tinh trang viem vii.

Ket qua ciia chiing toi cung phii hgp vai nghien ciiu ciia mgt so tac gia khi nhan dinh rang ty le so vii viem the can lam sang tang dan theo thang cho sua: theo Nguyin Van Phat (1999) ty le thdp nhdt a thang cho sua thir I - 3 (4,62%)) va cao nhat a thang cbo siia >6 (11,76%). Theo Nguyin Ngoc Diln (1999), ty le nay thdp nhdt a thang cho siia thii 2 (13,29%) va cao nhdt a thang thii 12 (75%). Tran Thanh Xuan (2005), cho rang ty le vii viem thi cSn Iam sang thdp nhdt a thang cho sua thii 3 - 4 (20,65%) va cao nhdt a thang thii >7 (53,64%). Theo Nguyin Minh Tri (2010), ty le vu viem thap nhat a thang cho siia 4 - 6 (10,42%) va cao nhdt a thang thii >9 (58,33%).

IV. KET LUAN Qua kiem tra 271 mlu s&a ciia 72 bo dang

cho sira bang phuong phap CMT da xac dinh 25,09%) thuy vii viem the tilm dn va 51,39% bo kiem tra bi viem vii 6 the tiem an. Yeu td hinh thirc vat siia, thang cho sua, liira de c6 anh huong ro ret din viem vii tiem an. Cac yeu to quy mo dan, nhom mau lai, san lugng siia it co anh huong hon.

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Abdel - Rady A., Sayed M. (2009),

Epidemiological studies on subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in Assiut Govemorate, Veterinary World, 2(10):373-380

2. Kennedy B. W., Sethar M. S., Tong A. K. W., Moxlay J. E. and Downey B. R. (1982), Environmental factors influencing test - day somatic cell counts in Holsteins, Journal of Dairy Science, 65:275-280.

3. Ly Thi Lien Khai (2010), "Phan lap va kilm tra tinh nhay cam cua khang sinh dii v6i vi khuan E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus trong sua va moi truong vdt sua a mgt s6 hg chSn nuoi bo sfta thuoc thanh phi Cdn Tho", Ky yeu hoi nghi khoa hgc, tr. 401 - 410.

KHOA HOC KY THUAT THO Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

Nguyin Minh Tri (2008), Kilm soat benh viem Vli tren dan bo siia nuoi tap trung tai trung tam giong nong nghi?p Thanh Pho Can Tha, Luan van thae sT Khoa hgc Nong nghiep, trucmg Dai Hgc Can Tha.

Nguyen Ngoc Diln (1999), Dieu tra tinh trang viem vu tiem an tren dan bo siia tai quan 12 - TP.HCM, Luan van thae sT Khoa hgc N6ng nghiep, Dai Hgc Nong Lam, TP.HCM. Nguyin Nggc Thanh Ha (2004), Dilu tra tinh hinh chan nuoi, nuoi cay, phan lap va thu khang sinh dl mgt s6 loai vi khuan gay viem vu tiem an tren dan bo sua Thanh Pho Can Tha, Lu^n van th?c sT Khoa hgc Nong nghiep, Truong Dai Hgc Can Tho. Nguyin Thi H6ng Chau (2004), Dilu tra mgt so yeu to chan nuoi va benh viem vu tren dan bo siia tai thi xa Tan An, Huyen Chau Thanh va Thii Thira, tinh Long An, Luan van thae si Khoa hgc Nong nghiep, Truong Dai Hgc Can Tha.

8. Nguyen Van Phat (1999), Dieu tra benh viem Vli tren dan bo sira khu vuc TP.HCM, Luan van thae sT Khoa hgc Nong nghiep, Dai Hgc Nong Lam - TRHCM.

9. Nguyin Van Thanh (1998), "Khao sat dilu tri benh viem vu tren dan bo sua". Tap san khoa hoc ky thuat Nong Ldm Nghiep, so 12, tr 77-79.

10. Skrzypek R., Wojtowski J. and Fahr R. D. (2004), Factors affecting somatic cell count in cow bulk tank milk: A case study from Poland, J. Vet. Med A, 51:127-131.

11. Trdn Thanh Xuan (2005), Khao sat tinh trang viem vii bo va thir nghiem bien phap phong tri tai khu vuc xi nghiep bo siia An Phuoc - tinh Dong Nai, Luan van thae sT Khoa hgc Nong nghiep, Dai Hgc Nong Lam - TPHCM.

Nhan ngay 4,8.2013 Phan bien ngay: 20.10.2013

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