beneficial insects
TRANSCRIPT
BENEFICIAL INSECTS
Amal (158190), Hafizh (156666), Aza (156519), Beth (156178)
What are beneficial insects?
Are they considered beneficial insects?
Definition:
•Beneficial insects are insects that play major roles in
reducing and controlling populations of both plants and
insects pests by acting as both predators and parasites
to these detrimental organisms
•They pollinate plants, contribute to the decay of
organic matter and the cycling of soil nutrients, and
attack other insects and mites that are considered to be
pests
•completely prevent or greatly limit pest problem
Why insects are beneficial?•Decomposers / Recyclers•Pollinators•Pest Controller •Food sources for another animal•Provide products for human •Help to maintain balanced levels of insect populations through parasitism and predation• Attacking weeds and reducing the plant’s ability to spread and to withstand diseases•Pollination of flowering plants, including honey, beeswax, silk, shellac, dyes and drugs
Example of beneficial insects
Weaver ants (Oecophylla atavina)
Green lacewing(Chrysoperla rufilabris)
Ladybug(Vibidia duodecimguttata)
Paper wasp(Polistes fuscatus)
Tachinid fly(Tachina fera)
Dragon fly(Sympetrum Flaveolum)
Firefly(Photuris lucicrescens)
Elephant beetle(Megasoma elephas)
Honey bee(Apis mellifera)
Function of Beneficial insects helps to keep the population size and density
of other insects within reasonable limits Predators are generally active in seeking out
their prey and they usually consume many individual during their lifetime
A parasitic insects on the other hand, generally attached to the body of a single host.
A more extreme form of parasitism, common in many insects, is where the parasitizing insects is attached to or within the body of a host and grows along with the host to a certain point, eventually killing the host
Predation
and
Parasitic
Insects
Function of Beneficial insects
Decomposers and
Nutrient Cycling
Dead logs and branches are attacked by termites, boring beetle larvae, and as assortment of other insects, millipede, and assorted invertebrate relatives. The nutrient recycling by insects often takes a more direct role
insects play an important role in the degradation and ultimate consumption of plant material falling into headwater streams
Scarabaidae consume great amounts of dung, up to 10 or 12 times their own weight per day, and also roll their eggs in balls of dung, so that the emerging larvae can feed on it. Usually the egg-bearing ball is rolled to a suitable location and buried by the scarab
Insects also ‘create forest gaps’
Function of Beneficial insects
InsectPollination
Sexual reproduction in the higher plants is made possible by the process of pollination
pollen being transferred from the stamens to the sigma; from the sigma a pollen tube grows down the style to the female germ cell
Without the pollinating services of bees and other insects, we would have few vegetables, few fruits, little or no clover, no coffee, no tobacco, few flowers
Function of Beneficial insects
Weed Management
feed on weed plants that are undesirable from our point of view
beneficial by destroying noxious weeds, cacti, or certain undesirable deciduous plants
weed control has been the use of insects in controlling water plants that clog streams, ponds, and lakes thereby ruining boating, fishing and swimming
Function of Beneficial insects
Commercial
Products
Honey and Beewax Honey is used extensively as a food and in the
manufacture of many products Beewax is used extensively by industry in making
candles, sealing wax, polishes, certain types of ink, models or various kinds, dental impressions, cosmetic and other products
Silk- Silk, spun by larvae of the silkworm moth , was the “ultrasheer” fabric, used primarily for hose and a wide array of garment materials
Shellac - Shellac is produced from the secretions of the lac insect, a type of scale insect occurring on fig and banyan
Dyes – Insects have been the source of dyes and drugs, but synthetic products have essentially replaced them. The cochineal insect, Dactylopius coccus Costa , a scale insect somewhat similar to the mealybugs, is used for the production of cochineal dyes
Conclusion:
• Beneficial insects are great indicators in determining the forest health
•To determine whether the insects are directly beneficial or indirectly beneficial are left to human to decide so that they can be appreciated and conserved.
Reference:1.http://pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-2329/EPP-7307web.pdf2.http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/insect/05550.pdf3.http://lancaster.unl.edu/pest/resources/339_BeneficialBugs.pdf4.http://www.uaf.edu/files/ces/publications-db/catalog/anr/PMC-10075.pdf5.http://ipm-dd.orst.edu/potato/bigeyedbug.pdf6.http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN83100.pdf7.http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN85900.pdf8.http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN00200.pdf