BELLWORK 4/61. Describe how the U.S. got out of the Great

Depression.2. Why did the Allies win WWII in Europe?

(Think about the video)3. Who was Rosie the Riveter? What did she

represent?4. What was Executive Order 9066? Why did the

government/citizens support this?5. What was the outcome of Korematsu vs. U.S?6. THINKER: Do you ever think internment could

happen in our country again? Why or why not?

End of War in Europe

• What strategy did the Allied leaders develop at the Casablanca Conference?

• How were the allies gradually taking back Europe? Strategies?

• What were some important battles in Europe?

Battle of the Bulge

• Germany’s last offensive attack

• Invaded Belgium and created a “bulge” in Allied defense lines

• Germans lost and were pushed back

Yalta Conference• February 1945 - Roosevelt, Churchill, and

Stalin met at Yalta (Soviet Union) to discuss the postwar world

• Formed the United Nations

• Divide Germany and Berlin into four zones

• Stalin obtained Poland if he promised to allow free elections

• Stalin gained Pacific islands if he promised to declare war on Japan

KEEP IN MIND:

Stalin is gong to break these promises = COLD WAR!!!!

FDR’s Death• FDR was elected to

his 4th term in 1944; with a new VP

• After 12 years in office and four presidential terms, FDR died on April 12, 1945

• Died from a cerebral hemorrhage (stroke)

• Replaced by VP Harry Truman

"Men will thank God on their knees a hundred years from now that Franklin D. Roosevelt was in the White House”

Mussolini’s Death• Italian government wanted

to punish Mussolini for war crimes

• Tried to escape to Switzerland

• He was caught by soldiers and executed the next day

• April 28, 1945• Shot by firing squad, body

hung in city where civilians beat, kicked, spat, and stoned his dead body.

Death of Hitler

• The Allies surrounded Germany and it became clear the Axis powers would lose.

• Hitler committed suicide in an underground bunker on April 30, 1945

War in Europe is over!

• Berlin fell to the Allies on May 2, 1945

• Germany surrenders

• May 8th: V-E Day (Victory in Europe)

• Who is left?

War in Europe is over!!

WWII Animated Map

Effects of WWII

• Look at the graph on page 515

Effects in post-WWII Germany• Germany was totally

defeated, and the Nazi regime brought down. Its leaders were tried for crimes against humanity at Nuremberg.

• German cities were in ruins from a massive bombing campaign.

• Germany was divided into 4 zones of occupation by the victorious powers

Effects in post-WWII England• England was devastated

by the war, having experienced extensive bombing during the 1940 blitz by the Germans.

• The economy depended on recovery & aid from the United States.

• England rapidly phased out most of its remaining colonies in the years immediately following the war.

Effects in post-WWII France• France had not experienced

the enormous human losses sustained in the First World War, but would have to recover from the effects of Nazi occupation.

• Like England, France would be compelled to dismantle its colonial empire in the years following the war. This was a particularly traumatic and drawn out process for the French, in Algeria and in Vietnam where they fought prolonged and bitter wars in an attempt to maintain their colonial control.

• England and France no longer held a status of power comparable to the United States or the Soviet Union.

Effects in post-WWII Soviet Union• The Soviets had suffered

immeasurably during the war, and western SU was devastated by the land warfare which was primarily on Soviet territory.

• But, in the process of defeating the Germans, the Russians had built a large and powerful army, which occupied most of Eastern Europe at the end of the war.

• The great resources and population of SU assured that the Soviet Union would be, along with the United States, one of two super-powers.

Effects in post-WWII United States• The United States economy

was greatly stimulated by the war, even more so than in World War I.

• The depression was brought to an end, and new industrial centers were built all over the United States.

• By avoiding the physical destruction of war, the U.S. economy dominated the world economy.

• After 4 years of military buildup, the U.S. had also become the leading military power.

• The position of the United States as world leader was now more obvious than ever.