Bell Ringer

•Why is it important for people in a hospital to get the right blood type when they need if for a transfusion?

History

• 1901 Austrian Karl Landsteiner discovered human blood groups

• blood transfusions became safer

• Awarded Noble Prize in 1930.

Blood Type

• Determined by proteins called antigens on the surface of your blood.

•With different antibodies• Ex: Type A blood has A antigens but B

antibodies. • A antibodies would attack A blood.

Human Blood Types

Phenotype(Blood Type)

GenotypeAntigen on

Red Blood Cell

Safe Transfusions

To From

ABO Group

• O – universal donor• No antigens

• AB – universal recipient• No antibodies

• Important in blood transfusions and paternity suits

ABO Blood Group

• Single gene I - has 3 different alleles• Multiple Alleles

• Blood type A genotype IA IA IA i• Blood type B genotype IB IB IB i• Blood type AB genotype IA IB (codominant)

• Blood type O genotype ii (recessive)

Rh Group

• Determined by single gene with 2 alleles

• Rh positive (Rh+/Rh+ or Rh+/ Rh-)• Rh negative (Rh-/Rh-)

• Rh+ can never be given to Rh- people

• Can cause a mother’s body to attack a fetus.