bell ringer! what does it mean to “reform”? what does it mean to “reform”? if you could...
TRANSCRIPT
Bell Ringer!
What does it mean to “reform”? If you could change one thing for the
better in our country, what would it be and why?
Explain your response in at least 3 lines
AbolitionMovement to ABOLISH (end)
slavery
1st protest:1688 - Germantown Quaker petition
against slavery
Johnson House - Germantown
http://www.johnsonhouse.org/
The mission continues… 1775 – Pennsylvania Abolitionist
Society is founded (PAS) Ben Franklin becomes President in 1787
The Pennsylvania Abolition Society& Mission for Black Education
Lucretia Mott (seated, second from right), the only female Quaker preacher in 1840s America, forced groups like this Philadelphia abolitionist society to admit women when most still
refused.
1793 – (1st) Fugitive Slave Act outlaws any effort to obstruct the capture of a runaway slave (harsher version passes in 1850)
1808 – Importation of slaves from Africa is outlawed
1831 – Nat Turner’s Rebellion – Slave preacher who led a two-day uprising against whites in Virginia Risks of rebellion? Is it worth the risk?? 60 whites and more than 100 blacks killed Enraged Southerners impose harsher
restrictions on their slaves
1712 New York Slave Revolt(New York City, Suppressed)
1733 St. John Slave Revolt(Saint John, Suppressed)
1739 Stono Rebellion(South Carolina, Suppressed)
1741 New York Conspiracy(New York City, Suppressed)
1760 Tacky's War(Jamaica, Suppressed)
1791–1804 Haitian Revolution(Saint-Domingue, Victorious)
1800 Gabriel Prosser(Virginia, Suppressed)
1805 Chatham Manor(Virginia, Suppressed)
1811 German Coast Uprising(Territory of Orleans, Suppressed)
1815 George Boxley(Virginia, Suppressed)
1822 Denmark Vesey(South Carolina, Suppressed)
1831 Nat Turner's rebellion(Virginia, Suppressed)
1831–1832 Baptist War(Jamaica, Suppressed)
1839 Amistad, ship rebellion(Off the Cuban coast, Victorious)
1841 Creole, ship rebellion(Off the Southern U.S. coast, Victorious)
1842 Slave Revolt in the Cherokee Nation
(Southern U.S., Suppressed)
1859 John Brown's Raid(Virginia, Suppressed)
1833 – American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS) founded by Garrison, and the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society (PFASS) founded by Mott
1833 - American Colonization Society
Believed free blacks should emigrate (move permanently) to Africa
Why is this solution problematic?
1857 - Supreme Court rules that Congress can never outlaw slavery in any territory (Dred Scott decision)
1865 – 13th amendment to the US Constitution outlaws slavery
Key People of Abolition
William Lloyd Garrison Grimké sisters Lucretia Mott Frederick Douglass
William Lloyd Garrison
"I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation. . . . I am in earnest -- I will not equivocate -- I will not excuse -- I will not retreat a single inch -- AND I WILL BE HEARD."
William Lloyd Garrison
Wrote “The Liberator” – anti-slavery newspaper (ran for 35 years, 1,820 issues)
Argued for immediate emancipation - unpopular view at time – argued for assimilation of blacks into white society
Seen as “radical” but believed in non-violent resistance Began first anti-slavery organization(American Anti-Slavery Society Saw Constitution as pro-slavery document
Angelina and Sara Grimké
Grew up on wealthy slave plantation in S. Carolina but rejected lifestyle – moved north to join anti-slavery organizations
Lectured against slavery and racial discrimination
Lucretia Mott
Formed Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society
Free produce movement - refused to use products produced by slaves
My nickname was the “Lioness”
Underground Railroad
Vast network of people who helped fugitive slaves escape to the North and to Canada
Not run by any single organization or person, rather, it consisted of many individuals – black and white
Moved hundreds of slaves northward each year -- according to one estimate, the South lost 100,000 slaves between 1810 and 1850 with the help of the URR
Railroad Terminology as codes
“Stations” = the homes and businesses where fugitives would rest and eat
“Stockholders” = those who contributed money or goods
“Conductor” = person responsible for moving fugitives from one station to the next
Harriet Tubman “MOSES” – most famous conductor on underground railroad
“Moses” with Runaway Slaves
Harriet Tubman helped over 300 slaves escape
Video!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XmsNGrkbHm4 (7 minute bio)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQ_gRFYgXMo (4 minute overview of work with UR)