Bell Ringer

Quick QuizWhile you answer the

questions. Answer the roll call question:

Would you rather scuba dive or go skiing?

Warm Up- Accessing Prior Knowledge

• Brainstorm! List as many facts as you can about the American Revolution.

• Causes-

• People-

• Battles-

Civics Unit 1.2

“Birth of a Democratic Nation” (ch. 2.4)

I. Colonial ResistanceA. British Control

1. Mercantilism is the economic theory that a country’s power depends on its wealth

2. Great Britain needed the colonies to be a source of cheap, raw materials and a market for manufactured goods

3. Navigation Acts- (1651-1765)forced colonies to get manufactured goods only from GB

B. Growing Tensions1. Albany Plan of Union (1754) was a

failed plan to unify colonies for mutual defense led by Benjamin Franklin

2. 1st attempt at a united American gov’t

3. Salutary neglect – until 1765, GB did not enforce its laws in the colonies, including most taxation

4. French and Indian War (1754-1763)

a. GB and colonists vs. French and Native Americans fight for control of eastern land in North America

b. Effects: GB wartime debt, colonial resentment, GB control over most of N. America

c. Proclamation Line of 1763- colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains

5. To pay off war debts, Britain placed taxes on the colonists

a. The Stamp Act of 1765 required colonists to attach tax stamps to newspapers and documents

b. Quartering Act required colonists to provide living quarters and supplies for British troops

C. Worsening Relations1. Colonists decided to boycott (refuse

to buy) British goods2. Stamp Act Congress (1765)- nine

colonies met sent a declaration against British actions to kinga. First time a majority of the colonies

joined together to oppose British rule

b. GB gov’t repealed (cancelled) the Stamp Act

3. Townshend Acts (1767)- taxes of variety of goods and allowed British customs officers to search homes for smugglinga. Colonists began to cause trouble for

officialsb. The Boston Massacre (1770)- British

soldiers fired into a crowd, killing five people

Warm Up1.Describe

the action taking place in the picture

2.Whose side do you think the artist is on? Why?

D. Open Resistance1.“No taxation w/out

representation”- slogan of Patriots because they had no representatives in Parliament

2. The Boston Tea Party (1773)- colonists dumped tea in Boston harbor in rebellion of Tea Act

3. Parliament responded with the Intolerable Acts- punished city of Boston and restricted colonists’ civil rights including trial by jury

II. IndependenceA. First Continental Congress (1774)

1. Met to demand that rights be restored, boycott all British goods

2. Wrote letter to king, swore to meet again

3. Lexington and Concord (April 1775)a.Increased British troop

presence to find the Patriots, minutemen stood up to them first in Lexington and then Concord

b.First battle of the American Revolution

B.Second Continental Congress (1775 on)1.Met to decide what to do

about the open fighting b/w the British and colonists- divided opinion

2.Thomas Paine’s Common Sensea.Made the case for

American Independenceb.Swayed public opinion

3.Moved closer to independence despite military failures

C. Declaration of Independence1. Written primarily by Thomas

Jefferson2. Borrowed ideas from John Locke3. Purpose

a. Argue legitimacy of cause to Parliament

b. Troop morale, support the cause

c. Inform other countries (France)

http://soomopublishing.com/declaration/index.html

D.Conclusion of the War1.Small victories, avoided

warfare with British army when possible

2.French support turned war around

3. Battle of Yorktown (1781)- British surrender

4. Treaty of Paris (1783)- U.S . officially won independence

Close

• As King George III of England, compose three tweets in response to the Declaration of Independence

@George3Rex