bell ringer: mondaybell ringer: monday –what do you know about colonization (exploration)? –i...
TRANSCRIPT
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• Bell Ringer: MondayBell Ringer: Monday–What do you know about What do you know about
colonization (exploration)?colonization (exploration)?
–I have your quizzes. Please I have your quizzes. Please track your progresstrack your progress
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Reminders
• Track progress!
• Not here Friday? You need to take the quiz tomorrow after school!
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Motivations for Exploration• During the Renaissance, a desire
for new trade routes to Asia led to an Age of Exploration:–Led by Spain & Portugal,
explorers found new trade routes, colonies, & people to Christianize
–Colonization in North America led to destruction of Indian culture, permanent settlements for whites, & wealth for European nations
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America Prior to the Arrival of Europeans
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Locations of Major Indian Groups and Culture Areas in the 1600s
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The Columbian Exchange• The arrival of Europeans led to the introduction of new products between Indians & Europeans called the Columbian Exchange:–Indians introduced corn, tobacco,
potatoes, peanuts to whites–Europeans introduced horses,
livestock, citrus, & diseases–An estimated 90% of Indians
died due to European disease
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The Spanish Colonies in America
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Spanish Colonies in North America
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Spanish Colonies in North America• Motivation:
– Trade, religion, land– Mexico, Florida, ‘west coast’
• Economy: Desire for wealth –Used Indian & African slave labor
to mine gold & silver–Built encomiendas (plantations) to
farm cash crops • Government: Royal control
–Spanish colonies were funded & controlled by the monarch
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Spanish Colonies in North America• Society: Strictly controlled
–Viceroys were sent to rule–Creoles were white colonists
living in Spanish colonies; had opportunities for land & wealth
• Interaction:inter-marriage with Indians & a mixed-race population (mestizos)–Indians & African slaves made up
the bottom of society
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The French Colonies in America
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French Colonies in North America
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French Colonies in North America• Motivations:
– After Champlain’s attempt to find a NW passage through Canada, he founded Quebec
– The “French crescent” included Canada, the Mississippi River, & New Orleans
–Missionaries converted Native Americans to Catholicism
Like Spain, the French gov’t encouraged
converting Indians & establishing missions
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French Colonies in North America• Government: Royal control
–The French colonies were strictly controlled by royal governors
• Economy: Desire for fur trade –Most French colonists profited
from the fur trade, small-scale farming, or lumbering
• Society/Interaction: Friendly with Indians –Because the French needed furs,
they were the most friendly with the local Native Americans
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The English Colonies in America
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The English Colonies• Motivation/Reasons: In the 1600s,
English settlers arrived in North America–English colonization differed from
Spanish & French because the English gov’t had no desire to create a centralized empire in the New World
–Different motivations by English settlers led to different types of colonies
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Migrating to the English Colonies• 17th century England faced major
social changes:–The most significantly was a
boom in population; Competition for land, food, jobs led to a large mobile population (vagrants?)
–People had choices: could move to cities, Ireland, Netherlands, or America (but this was most expensive & dangerous)
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British Colonies in North America
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British Colonies in North America• Motivations: Many different
reasons– Economic: Escape poverty or
gain wealth from cash crop farming
–Religious: For religious freedom & to escape religious persecution
• As a result, the British colonies were very different from each other & were never very unified
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British Colonies in North America• Government:
–The colonies differed from French & Spanish because the British gov’t had no desire to create a centralized empire in America
–Britain developed a policy called salutary neglect in which the colonists could create local laws & taxes in their colonial assemblies
–Royal governors were sent by the king, but they had little power
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British Colonies in North America• Economy &
Society: –The societies
& economies of the British colonies were dependent upon the reasons people settled
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Closure Activity
• In order to review the Spanish, French, Dutch, & British colonies, students will be presented with a series of “potential immigrants” to North America. For each person:
–Determine the best colonial region for that person to move to
–Provide a brief explanation that supports your decision
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Potential Immigrant:A poor, unmarried man
looking to make his fortune
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Potential Immigrant:A person with
very religious beliefs
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Potential Immigrant:A woman looking for new opportunities in America
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Potential Immigrant:A person looking for
political freedom & the ability help make laws
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Potential Immigrant:A Native American
looking for freedom from European control
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Potential Immigrant:A person who enjoys living
“where the action is” (a place where something
exciting is always happening)
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Potential Immigrant:A father looking for safety &
security for his family
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Potential Immigrant:An entrepreneur looking for a
location to open a business specializing in shipping