Bell RingerBell Ringer

Name a right that you would like to Name a right that you would like to have that is not explicitly provided in have that is not explicitly provided in the Constitution. the Constitution.

How did Congress How did Congress organize the new organize the new

government?government?

WTP 2 Lesson 19WTP 2 Lesson 19

ObjectivesObjectives

Students will be able to: Students will be able to:

- Explain how Congress and the - Explain how Congress and the president organized the executive president organized the executive and judicial branches of governmentand judicial branches of government

- Describe the Judiciary Act of 1789Describe the Judiciary Act of 1789- Explain how the Bill of Rights was Explain how the Bill of Rights was

added to the Constitution added to the Constitution

Who participated in the 1788 Who participated in the 1788 election? election?

Only 10 states out of the Only 10 states out of the original 13 cast electoral original 13 cast electoral votes. votes.

NC and RI were ineligible NC and RI were ineligible not ratified not ratified Constitution. Constitution.

NY failed to appoint its NY failed to appoint its allotment of eight allotment of eight electors because of a electors because of a deadlock in the state deadlock in the state legislature. legislature.

Who was elected the first Who was elected the first president?president?Washington was Washington was

unanimously picked for unanimously picked for president, John Adams president, John Adams received the 2received the 2ndnd most most votes 35 and thus votes 35 and thus became vice-president. became vice-president.

Washington did not want to Washington did not want to be president, but felt it be president, but felt it was is duty to his country. was is duty to his country.

Who was elected the first Who was elected the first president?president?

He also understood that He also understood that opponents to the Constitution opponents to the Constitution were afraid that it gave the were afraid that it gave the executive too much power, so executive too much power, so he was cautious not to do he was cautious not to do anything to provoke their anything to provoke their fears, saying:fears, saying:

““I walk on untrodden ground. I walk on untrodden ground. There is scarcely any part of There is scarcely any part of my conduct which may not my conduct which may not hereafter be drawn into hereafter be drawn into precedentprecedent.” .”

Q: What was Washington afraid Q: What was Washington afraid would happen? would happen?

How did Congress and the How did Congress and the president organize the executive president organize the executive

branch? branch? The Constitution gives Congress the power The Constitution gives Congress the power

to organize the executive branch to help to organize the executive branch to help Washington fulfill his duties. These are Washington fulfill his duties. These are called the Cabinet. called the Cabinet.

Department of StateDepartment of State::Head of DepartmentHead of Department: Secretary : Secretary

of of StateStateResponsibilities:Responsibilities: foreign foreign

relations relations of the nationof the nationFirst filled byFirst filled by: Thomas Jefferson: Thomas Jefferson

Department of the Department of the TreasuryTreasury::

Head of DepartmentHead of Department: : Secretary of the Secretary of the Treasury Treasury

Responsibilities:Responsibilities: Advise on financial Advise on financial mattersmatters

First filled byFirst filled by: : Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

How did Congress and the How did Congress and the president organize the president organize the

executive branch? executive branch?

How did Congress and the How did Congress and the president organize the president organize the

executive branch? executive branch? Department of WarDepartment of War::

Head of DepartmentHead of Department: : Secretary of War Secretary of War

Responsibilities:Responsibilities: Handled military Handled military affairs and defenseaffairs and defense

First filled byFirst filled by: Henry : Henry KnoxKnox

How did Congress organize the How did Congress organize the judicial branch? judicial branch?

Judiciary Act of 1789Judiciary Act of 1789 Supreme Court established by Art.IIISupreme Court established by Art.III

Structure: 1 Chief Justice, 5 Associate JusticesStructure: 1 Chief Justice, 5 Associate Justices All lower courts: All lower courts:

Federal district courts: hears cases involving Federal district courts: hears cases involving the Constitutionthe Constitution

Appellate Courts: Rule on cases tried in district Appellate Courts: Rule on cases tried in district court and appealedcourt and appealed

Each states has own courts to rule on state lawEach states has own courts to rule on state law

How did Congress add the Bill How did Congress add the Bill of Rights to the Constitution? of Rights to the Constitution?

Federalists claimed that the Federalists claimed that the Constitution organized government in Constitution organized government in such a way that it would be such a way that it would be impossible to violate people’s rights. impossible to violate people’s rights.

They also argued that listing rights They also argued that listing rights would lead people to believe that would lead people to believe that these were the only ones that they these were the only ones that they had. had.

Compromise: When the 1Compromise: When the 1stst Congress Congress meets, create a bill of rights. meets, create a bill of rights.

Congress proposed Congress proposed the Bill of Rights the Bill of Rights in 1789. it was in 1789. it was ratified by the ratified by the necessary 11 necessary 11 states on states on December 15, December 15, 1791. 1791.

How did Congress add the Bill How did Congress add the Bill of Rights to the Constitution? of Rights to the Constitution?

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

For each of the following examples decide For each of the following examples decide which amendment is involved, and which which amendment is involved, and which rights are being violated. What is the right rights are being violated. What is the right thing to do according to The Bill of Rights?thing to do according to The Bill of Rights?

1. Mrs. Jones hears a knock at the door. She 1. Mrs. Jones hears a knock at the door. She opens the door and finds 3 police officers opens the door and finds 3 police officers asking if they can come into her home to asking if they can come into her home to talk about neighborhood safety. She is talk about neighborhood safety. She is very friendly and so she says yes. While very friendly and so she says yes. While sitting in the living room one of the officers sitting in the living room one of the officers sees a bomb under the sofa and gets up to sees a bomb under the sofa and gets up to get it. Mrs. Jones is immediately arrested. get it. Mrs. Jones is immediately arrested.

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

2. Sam Davis is planning a public meeting in 2. Sam Davis is planning a public meeting in front of the town library to protest against a front of the town library to protest against a new city tax for playgrounds. He has filed all new city tax for playgrounds. He has filed all of his permits and the city has said that he of his permits and the city has said that he can have his meeting. The night before the can have his meeting. The night before the meeting, however, the mayor finds out that meeting, however, the mayor finds out that Sam was arrested 2 years ago in another Sam was arrested 2 years ago in another town for starting a riot. On the day of the town for starting a riot. On the day of the meeting, police show up to prevent the meeting, police show up to prevent the meeting and Sam is not allowed to hold his meeting and Sam is not allowed to hold his meeting. meeting.

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

3. Gina DeLong has lived in her home for 26 3. Gina DeLong has lived in her home for 26 years. During that time the city has tripled years. During that time the city has tripled in population, traffic is a mess, and there in population, traffic is a mess, and there just are not enough roads. Tuesday morning just are not enough roads. Tuesday morning the sheriff came to her house and told her the sheriff came to her house and told her that she had to move because a new road that she had to move because a new road was going to be built right through her was going to be built right through her house. When she complains that she has house. When she complains that she has lived there for so long and doesn't want to lived there for so long and doesn't want to move, she is told, "Too bad, you have 30 move, she is told, "Too bad, you have 30 days to get out." days to get out."

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

4. Kennedy Elementary School is a 4. Kennedy Elementary School is a normal school, so it surprised normal school, so it surprised everyone when the principal, Mrs. everyone when the principal, Mrs. Salinas, decided that all students Salinas, decided that all students could have extra holidays from school could have extra holidays from school for the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur. for the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur. Most of the students were happy, but Most of the students were happy, but some parents were mad because some parents were mad because they didn't have baby-sitters. they didn't have baby-sitters.

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

5. Hans Schlemming was new to this country. 5. Hans Schlemming was new to this country. In Germany he was an auto mechanic. On In Germany he was an auto mechanic. On Saturday night he was coming out of a Saturday night he was coming out of a store and the police arrested him for store and the police arrested him for stealing. He said he didn't do anything, but stealing. He said he didn't do anything, but the police were convinced that they had the police were convinced that they had the right person. When he told them that the right person. When he told them that he wanted a lawyer, one of the policemen he wanted a lawyer, one of the policemen said, "You don't need a lawyer, you guilty said, "You don't need a lawyer, you guilty pig. You and your German friends killed my pig. You and your German friends killed my grandfather during the war. I know that grandfather during the war. I know that you're guilty. We're locking you up and you're guilty. We're locking you up and throwing away the key." throwing away the key."

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

6.Stephanie Manus was arrested, tried, 6.Stephanie Manus was arrested, tried, and convicted of kidnapping. There was and convicted of kidnapping. There was no doubt that she was guilty. The judge no doubt that she was guilty. The judge said, "I can either send you to prison for said, "I can either send you to prison for 12 years or I can make you shave your 12 years or I can make you shave your head and make you stand on the head and make you stand on the freeway for 8 hours a day so that you freeway for 8 hours a day so that you will know what it is like to be scared." will know what it is like to be scared." "Prison is too good for you," said the "Prison is too good for you," said the judge. judge.

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

7. Mr. Wiegold had worked in the same 7. Mr. Wiegold had worked in the same place for 36 years and only had one place for 36 years and only had one raise. He felt like the boss owed him raise. He felt like the boss owed him something, so one day he took a something, so one day he took a computer home and kept it. When the computer home and kept it. When the boss found out he had him arrested. Mr. boss found out he had him arrested. Mr. Wiegold demanded a trial because he Wiegold demanded a trial because he said he was innocent. But the boss and said he was innocent. But the boss and the police said he didn't get a trial the police said he didn't get a trial because they already caught him with because they already caught him with the stolen computer, he was guilty. the stolen computer, he was guilty.

8. At a gun collecting show, George 8. At a gun collecting show, George Samuels picked out 13 guns that he Samuels picked out 13 guns that he wanted to add to his expensive wanted to add to his expensive collection of guns from the 1800s. When collection of guns from the 1800s. When he tried to pay for the 13 guns he was he tried to pay for the 13 guns he was told by a security guard that he wasn't told by a security guard that he wasn't allowed to take so many guns. The allowed to take so many guns. The security guard would only allow George security guard would only allow George to buy 5 guns because the Constitution to buy 5 guns because the Constitution allows citizens to have one gun per allows citizens to have one gun per family member. family member.

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

9. Trina Lening and her friends had recently 9. Trina Lening and her friends had recently robbed a liquor store. Trina's friend Lori did robbed a liquor store. Trina's friend Lori did not help, she was sick at home. When the not help, she was sick at home. When the police picked up all of the girls the following police picked up all of the girls the following Friday, they arrested the whole group Friday, they arrested the whole group including Lori. At the trial, Lori said that she including Lori. At the trial, Lori said that she was innocent and could prove it because was innocent and could prove it because she had witnesses. But her witnesses were she had witnesses. But her witnesses were her friends, and if they said she wasn't her friends, and if they said she wasn't there, it would mean that they were at the there, it would mean that they were at the liquor store. liquor store.

WWTBoRD?WWTBoRD?

10. The city of Manville was in crisis. 10. The city of Manville was in crisis. For 3 days there had been riots and For 3 days there had been riots and fires. The National Guard was called fires. The National Guard was called out to restore peace. When officers out to restore peace. When officers showed at Mrs. Mayberry's door showed at Mrs. Mayberry's door demanding some food and a place to demanding some food and a place to sleep she was so afraid of their guns sleep she was so afraid of their guns that she let them in and gave them that she let them in and gave them what they wanted. what they wanted.