behaviorism
DESCRIPTION
Behaviorism and Education Slide Show - Bianca OlmoEME 2040TRANSCRIPT
Behaviorism
By: Bianca Olmo
Behaviorism Menu
What?Who?How?My ESE Classroo
mWorks Cited
What It Is?Behaviorism
Human psychology can only be studied through the examination of behavioral events.
Learning is a change in behavior.
Change induced by:
o Punishment (positive and negative)• Decreases the likelihood the behavior will occur again• Adding or taking away a stimulus
o Reinforcement (positive and Negative)• Increases the likelihood the behavior will occur again• Action -> Reaction -> Knowledge of Appropriate Future
Behavior
Three Types of Behaviorism
1. Methodological Behaviorism Psychology is the science of
behavior, not the mind. Mental states aren’t useful for
empirical study.2. Psychological Behaviorism
Sources for behavior are external, not internal.
Behavior can be explained without mental events.
3. Analytical and Logical Behaviorism Mental concepts should be
translated into behavioral concepts.
Idea of mental state is the idea of behavioral disposition.
.
Who Are The Key Figures?
B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)
Operant Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)
Classical Conditioning
B.F. Skinner Operant Conditioning
Attempts to modify behavior through reinforcements.
Association between a particular behavior and a consequence.
Example• Parents rewarding a
child with candy or a prize when they get good grades.
Ivan PavlovClassical Conditioning
Automatic type of learning.A stimulus evokes a response
originally evoked by a different stimulus.
Pavlov’s Dogs• Meat powder
(Unconditioned Stimulus)
• Dog’s salivation (Unconditioned Response)
• Bell begins as a Neutral Stimulus but becomes the Conditioned Stimulus
• Salivation after the bell (Conditioned Response)
Pavlov’s Dog Classical Conditioning
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpoLxEN54ho
How It Would Be Used In The Classroom?
Role of Teachers
Role of Students
What Would The Teachers Do?
ContractsThe relevant behavior should be identified, and terms discussed.
ConsequencesMust occur immediately after the
behavior occurs.
ReinforcementPositive/Negative Reinforcement
and Punishment.
ExtinctionDecreases the chances of a response by withdrawing a
previously reinforced stimulus.
What Would The Students Do?
RewardsStudents receive rewards for appropriate
behaviors.
ConfidencePositive feedback/responses boost
students’ confidence levels.
Behavior ChangesStudents change their inappropriate
behavior to behavior that is acceptable.
Behaviorism In My ESE Classroom
To Avoid Student Frustration‐ Break down large tasks into small
segments‐ Demonstrate and explain each step in a
new task
To Help Overcome Difficulty Processing and Memory
‐ Include extra practice‐ Review materials as often as necessary
Behaviorism In My ESE Classroom
To Keep Students on Task‐ Create predictable routines‐ Incorporate structure into lessons
To Make Sure Students are Absorbing the Material
‐ Gather feedback throughout the lesson
Works CitedResources
• http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_skinner.htm
• http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1904/pavlov-bio.html
• http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/behaviorism?s=t• http://www.learning-theories.com/classical-conditioning-pa
vlov.html• http://www.learning-theories.com/operant-conditioning-ski
nner.html• http://cie.asu.edu/volume8/number10/index.html#behavio
r• http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Behaviori
sm#Educational_Implications• https://www.msu.edu/~mckin115/Matrix/theories/Behavio
rism.htm• http://www.iep.utm.edu/behavior/• http://www.learning-theories.com/behaviorism.html• http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/
Works Cited• http://www.google.com/imgres?
q=behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&biw=1517&bih=741&tbm=isch&tbnid=4WHGivrAYvW-3M:&imgrefurl=http://academics.rmu.edu/~tomei/ed711psy/behave.htm&docid=mqnsbJw0oOhLGM&imgurl=http://academics.rmu.edu/~tomei/ed711psy/Behaviorismcafe.gif&w=675&h=539&ei=N05-T86XOpSs8QTWzMScDg&zoom=1
• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&tbm=isch&tbnid=4mCT6Bnhrr3H1M:&imgrefurl=http://www3.hku.hk/cogsci/wiki/pmwiki.php%3Fn%3DMain.BriefHistoryOfCognitiveScience&docid=3xSybBoa5dOTsM&imgurl=http://www.hku.hk/cogsci/media/philo/emergence.jpg&w=150&h=198&ei=TFB-T-6DHYnk9ASXmfi7Dg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=197&vpy=463&dur=1527&hovh=157&hovw=120&tx=110&ty=134&sig=115527933523406624476&page=3&tbnh=157&tbnw=120&start=43&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:19,s:43,i:275&biw=1517&bih=741
• http://www.google.com/search?um=1&hl=en&biw=1517&bih=741&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Ivan+Pavlov&oq=Ivan+Pavlov&aq=f&aqi=g10&aql=&gs_l=img.3..0l10.5621l10313l0l10564l11l11l0l3l3l0l187l962l2j6l8l0.frgbld.
• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=B.F.+Skinner&um=1&hl=en&tbm=isch&tbnid=cb1UxbBMbNP45M:&imgrefurl=http://www.intropsych.com/ch05_conditioning/applied_analysis_of_antecedents.html&docid=p9o89zTHVM_6JM&imgurl=http://www.intropsych.com/ch05_conditioning/05skinner.jpg&w=635&h=900&ei=N1Z-T-O3HoWY8gSG1tGODg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=515&vpy=333&dur=19&hovh=266&hovw=187&tx=112&ty=135&sig=115527933523406624476&page=1&tbnh=158&tbnw=111&start=0&ndsp=23&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:0,i:143&biw=1517&bih=741
• http://www.pptbackgrounds.net/blackboard-800-0.html• http://www.google.com/imgres?
q=teacher&start=230&um=1&hl=en&rlz=1C1AFAB_enUS460US466&biw=1517&bih=741&addh=36&tbm=isch&tbnid=mSqNsY5njQUW-M:&imgrefurl=http://adriaberryportfolio.blogspot.com/&docid=_km-JHQsyiL_YM&imgurl=http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RY127HsSwro/S6pJN9SIUOI/AAAAAAAAAo4/r8u9dkAAq3A/s1600/Apple%252Bbooks%252Bimage.jpg&w=380&h=294&ei=Q_OBT-oP5dfRAZfe3PQH&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1207&vpy=150&dur=658&hovh=196&hovw=254&tx=117&ty=130&sig=115527933523406624476&page=10&tbnh=170&tbnw=252&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:11,s:230,i:144
• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=types+of+behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&rlz=1C1AFAB_enUS460US466&biw=1517&bih=741&tbm=isch&tbnid=Fw2kX0BBEMTi1M:&imgrefurl=http://behaviorismpsychology.com/types-of-conditioning-in-behaviorism-psychology&docid=XMrjmDONgiMP_M&imgurl=http://behaviorismpsychology.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Behaviorism-Psychology-2-300x230.jpg&w=300&h=230&ei=ysWBT4PXIbKq0AH5v6TQBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1083&vpy=145&dur=1281&hovh=183&hovw=240&tx=126&ty=107&sig=115527933523406624476&page=1&tbnh=125&tbnw=160&start=0&ndsp=31&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0,i:79
• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&rlz=1C1AFAB_enUS460US466&tbm=isch&tbnid=zSxT0xn9ear_qM:&imgrefurl=http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php%3Ftitle%3DBehaviorism&docid=sb1kV0ByI9G3SM&imgurl=http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/images/c/cf/Behaviorism_2.gif&w=388&h=118&ei=mmJ-T9qKM4Sc9gTdorzsDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=321&vpy=65&dur=46&hovh=93&hovw=310&tx=142&ty=56&sig=115527933523406624476&page=3&tbnh=80&tbnw=263&start=43&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:14,s:43,i:264&biw=1517&bih=741
• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=stack+of+books&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1517&bih=701&tbm=isch&tbnid=Cj4FiFC11hOIEM:&imgrefurl=http://jhard.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/presentaciones/segunda%2520defensa/recursos/&docid=PvksV-Sn9-QA7M&imgurl=http://jhard.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/presentaciones/segunda%252520defensa/recursos/Resource%252520Center%252520-%252520Books.jpg.jpg&w=720&h=960&ei=7N2BT4LrEqHa0QHj5YSTCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1280&vpy=3&dur=7&hovh=258&hovw=193&tx=133&ty=160&sig=115527933523406624476&page=3&tbnh=162&tbnw=122&start=59&ndsp=35&ved=1t:429,r:8,s:59,i:282
• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=student+desks&start=27&num=10&um=1&hl=en&biw=1517&bih=741&addh=140&tbm=isch&tbnid=1w7FzW3TwZ6_jM:&imgrefurl=http://www.hon.com/Products/Desks/SmartLink-Student-Desks.aspx&docid=lvBFMm16vdQCbM&imgurl=http://www.hon.com/getfile/ee1ffcc5-7b2a-4137-ab6c-e35965d0bcee/.aspx%253Fmaxsidesize%253D266&w=215&h=266&ei=_O2BT_-oCYXW0QGB-cDvBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=966&vpy=410&dur=1166&hovh=211&hovw=171&tx=93&ty=114&sig=115527933523406624476&page=2&tbnh=166&tbnw=116&ndsp=26&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:27,i:26
Images