Before you use it…

What is copyright?• Copyright is a legal protection that enables people who create original

things to decide how they want others to use their creations.• Most “intellectual property” is copyright-protected: music, film,

images, art, anything written (books, articles, blogs, plays, essays), and so on.• Some creators allow unlimited use of their work, but many do not. If

a creator wants to maintain control over his/her work, copyright enables them to do so.

So I can’t just copy and paste?• Sometimes you can, but there

are rules. That’s what this presentation is all about.

What are the rules?• You CAN use copyrighted material sometimes. It all

depends on what you are using it for. • If you are creating something for profit, for example,

you are usually very limited in how much of other people’s work you can use.• If you are creating something for school or personal

use, then you have a lot more latitude.

What is Fair Use?• Fair Use is a legal term that refers to guidelines for the use of

copyrighted material without asking the owner’s permission.• Here is a fun video that explains fair use. We will take a moment to

watch it. http://ed.ted.com/on/V6FST78b

The Four Factor Test:To determine whether something is Fair Use, ask yourself these questions:

The Four Factor Test:• What am I using the material for? Is it for educational purposes? Am

I hoping to make money from it? Non-profit, educational uses tend to be favored.

• What is the nature of the copyrighted work? Is it factual or creative? It tends to be easier to claim Fair Use for factual material.

The Four Factor Test can help you:• Am I using the entire work or just parts of it? Usually, it is easier to

claim Fair Use when only using parts of something.|

• What might be the economic effect of my use? Will my use be likely to deprive the creator of income? If so, it will be harder to claim Fair Use.

What is Transformativeness?• It is easier to claim Fair Use when you transform the work in some

way. This is called “transformativeness.”• When you used a copyrighted resource, did your use add value? That

is, did it enhance understanding or insight?• When you used a copyrighted resource, did you use it in its original

form for its original purpose or did you “repurpose it”?

What is Transformativeness?• If you add value and repurpose something, you probably are covered

under Fair Use guidelines.

Could you have used something else?• Another consideration is whether use of a copyrighted resource was

really necessary for what you were trying to accomplish.• For example, did you go to Google Images and copy-paste the first

thing you found? Is there something similar in the public domain or licensed by Creative Commons that could have been used instead? If so, your use of copyrighted materials may not be justifiable.

Giving Credit

• When you quote, use, borrow, paraphrase, copy, alter, or in any other way benefit from someone else’s ideas or creations, you should always give credit to your source.• Copyrighted resources should be attributed to include the creator, the

resource you used, and any copyright information attached to it.• Public domain or open-licensed resources should be given attribution

that includes whatever information is available.

Giving Credit• For example, this slideshow should include these citations:

• all images courtesy of pixabay.com. CC0 license. No Attribution required.

• “Fair Use Guidelines,” United States Copyright Office, 2016. http://www.copyright.gov/fair-use/

• “Copyright and Fair Use PL: Spring 2016” video. Created by North Carolina Virtual Public School PL using video from Renee Hobbs You Tube Channel. http://ed.ted.com/on/V6FST78b

Time to Practice. • Create something that (1) has educational value and (2) could be

shared on our school website as a Fair Use product. Be sure to provide attribution for all materials used. • Some suggestions are:• a “montage” of images or music • something satirical• a political cartoon• combine a quote with an image to convey a new idea• an informational poster• something else

Then we will share.• We will share your creations in class and discuss whether each

product meets Fair Use guidelines.• Be creative! Be legal!