beacon media supporting christian schooling worldwide motivating the underachiever
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Beacon MediaBeacon MediaSupporting Christian Supporting Christian schooling worldwideschooling worldwide
Motivating the underachiever
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Motivating the underachiever
Make allowances for short attention span – 15 minutes max
Give plenty of support – stay with them – make it a ‘warm and close’ experience
Use as visual or multi-sensory learning aids – colour, objects, games
Use associations, e.g. left and right
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Motivating the underachiever
Short term and long term rewards
Star charts / Progress charts
Choosing the right time of day
Make the work a regular exercise
Don’t leave the child to work on their own except for tasks unless they are completely confident with that task.
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Motivating the underachiever
Make it interesting! Use games, pictures, interest books.
Share a book together. This should be an enjoyable experience – ‘warm and close’ – separate from the instructional reading book.
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Goal setting Help them see the big picture.
Ask questions such as:
Why would it be good to be able to read well?
What do we have to do to become good at reading?
Who would you like to read a story to?
The student can choose a book or story and practice it daily until they are confident enough to read to someone.
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Positive behaviour charts Make a personal list of positive behaviour points the
child must aim for.
Week ending:
Focus on my work
Neat writing
Not distracting others
Good listening
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DyslexiaDifficulties in performing language-based tasks
Includes reading, spelling, writing
Difficulties in co-ordination
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Definitionthe under development of certain parts of the
brain, namely:
the corpus callosum (for transmission of signals between hemispheres)
the cerebellum (for balance and coordination)
and the magno-cellular system, (which deals with our ability to see moving images).
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Dyslexia explainedThere is an imbalance between the right and left
sides of the brain.
The right side is responsible for creative, spatial and visual functions; the left side is responsible for language, logic, sequencing.
In dyslexic people, the brain does not operate to its full potential, has to work much harder than in non-dyslexic people.
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there will be difficulty in sustaining attention during difficult tasks.
For the dyslexic person, they are trying to use their right side of the brain for the purpose that the left side of the brain does best (language).
The right side of the brain of a dyslexic person is more developed than the left side, meaning that they will show more creative strength.
However using the side of the brain that is not ‘wired’ for language, the brain will therefore have to work much harder.
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PositivesCreativity!
Many famous people were /are dyslexic
E.g. Einstein, Leonardo Da Vinci, Steve Jobs
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CausesHereditary factors
Environmental toxins
Nutrition
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Strategies People with dyslexia will have a greater chance of
improving their literacy and coordination skills if:
the problem is identified early (pre-school years)
And if attention is given to:
language learning strategies
Nutrition
Exercises for coordination and strengthening the cerebellum and corpus callosum.
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The dyslexic child in Pre-school
Strengths may be seen in:
building and construction activities
creative activities
problem-solving activities
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Weaknesses may be seen in:
memory e.g. recalling a steps in an activity; forgetting instructions
sequencing e.g. words of songs; patterns; letters/numbers
speech e.g. muddled words, linking sounds to letter shapes
language e.g. following instructions; retelling a story; disinterest in learning to read
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listening - poor concentration
motor skills
rhythm - poor co-ordination
orientation - trouble with left/right; orders right to left rather than left to right
colour recognition
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Pupils with these difficulties will need more help and additional practice in:
ball skills
balancing
using play equipment
dance, songs with actions
nursery rhymes
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stories and listening games
memory games
naming objects; word and letter order
sequencing and copying colours, shapes and patterns
threading beads
sorting and classifying
holding a pencil and copying
organization of materials and themselves
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The dyslexic child in the Primary School
Strengths
spatial skills
building, making, drawing
oral language
drama
non-verbal activities
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WeaknessesMemory
Concentration
Sequencing
Following instructions
Recalling information
Literacy
Organizational skills
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Reading difficultiesdifficulty in recognizing words by sight
problems with matching sounds to letter shapes
problems with blending sounds and word decoding strategies
problems with retelling stories in correct sequence of events
difficulties reading aloud – lack of fluency, expression, accuracy; word omissions; ‘made-up’ words or sentences, pronunciation problems
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Spelling difficultiesoften no relationship between the word and
letters used
can spell orally but can’t write correctly
reversal of letters
wrong use of phonics
problems isolating individual sounds
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Expressive Writing difficulties
poor ordering of events
words/phrases missed out
punctuation problems
writes slowly
messy
can’t copy from the board
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Handwriting difficultiespoor motor control
reversals of letters
poor letter formation and joining
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Emotional / behavioural elements
poor concentration
poor listening
avoids reading/writing
easily distracted
many avoidance strategies
lacks confidence
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often tired after seemingly little output
problems in organizing self and work
poor self-esteem
withdrawn, disruptive or class clown
complains of teasing
easily upset
coping procedures may be swaying, aggression or difficult behaviours
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Classroom support strategies
phonics
memory building exercises
auditory activities
seating closer to front of class
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modification of worksheet – larger print size; colour paper
eliminate need to copy from board
reduce copying generally
support visual tracking – use ruler beneath line of words being read
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Multi-sensory learning Pupils with dyslexia learn best when all the
senses are used: auditory; oral; visual; tactile; kinesthetic
memory games and exercises involving following verbal instructions, memorizing rhymes, and looking for a missing object/ image
multi-sensory teaching of letters, with special emphasis on vowel sounds. Letters can be taught using colour and texture to track shape
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sequences of movements such as those in action songs and action rhymes
strategies for remembering left and right
minimizing the number of spelling words to learn. Some pupils may need to start with 3 at one time
use of pictures to reinforce word meaning
drawing and interpretation – flowcharts; mind maps; story maps; charts, graphs, tables
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Raising self-esteemshow understanding of pupil’s problem
discuss problems and find solutions
for older pupils, discuss dyslexia and what it means
identify strengths; point out that some famous people are dyslexic
give reassurance
deal with any bullying
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Behaviour problemsIdentify the cause
Physical problems – tired, hungry, itchy, has a cold, poor eye sight
Learning problems – dyslexia, A.D.D.; hyperactive
Bored because ahead of the class
Emotional problems
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Dealing with misbehaviourWWJD?
By forming strong relationships with the children they will respect you.
When they respect you they will take to heart your words of correction.
They will not respond to physical or verbal abuse.
Never discipline out of anger.
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Words of wisdom Colossians 4:6
Let your conversation be always full of grace, seasoned with salt, so that you may know how to answer everyone.
Proverbs 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger.
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Teachers and teacher’s aides act on behalf of parents
Ephesians 6:1 – 4
Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. “Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise), “that it may go well with you and that you may live long in the land.
Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.
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Discussion When working one-on-one, what would you do
to help a child who:
a) tries hard but is below the expected standard in literacy?
b) is capable, but is always distracted and not interested in their work?