bcthchecaphecacao dhtp7b nhom1(st4) to5

B CNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP.HCM

VIN CNG NGH SINH HC V THC PHM

BO CO THC HNH

CNG NGH SN XUT CH, C PH, CACAO

GVHD: ThS. VIT PHNG

LP : DHTP7B

SINH VIN THC HIN:

1. L Th Li 11247791

2. Chu Bch Lan 11030841

3. Mai Th Lin 11028271

4. Nguyn S Nguyn V 11077581

NIN KHA: 2011-2015

Thnh ph H Ch Minh, thng 5 nm 2015

LI M U

Ch, c ph, cacao t xa c s dng rt rng ri khp

mi ni. Chng khng phi l thc phm ch o nhng l thnh phn

thc phm m hu nh ai cng phi s dng v dn dn tr thnh mt

th nhu cu thit yu i vi i sng ngy nay.

Vi tnh hnh pht trin thc phm hin i ngy nay th vn

nghin cu v pht trin v ch, c ph, cacao cng theo m c nhu

cu cao hn, khng cn n thun l dng m phi l mn thng

thc.

Ch, c ph, cacao c ch bin thnh nhng mn n hay thc ung

chng ta thng thc hng ngy. Mt ly c ph bui sng hay vi

tch tr dng cho nhng lc th gin tr thnh thi quen hng ngy

ca rt nhiu ngi hin nay. Xu hng dng nhng mn ny ngy

cng tng v cng vi n th nhu cu ca ngi s dng cng tng

cao.

Vit Nam th mt s vng c th trng c ch, c ph, cacao nn

rt thun li nghin cu v pht trin loi thc phm ny. Bi bo

co ny chng em nghin cu v quy trnh sn xut, xc nh hm

lng cc ch tiu hiu r hn v cc loi cy cng nh phng

php ch bin cc loi thc phm ny.

LI CM N

Knh gi: Qu Thy C Trng i Hc Cng nghip Thnh Ph H Ch Minh

Gio vin hng dn: Ths. Vit Phng

Chng em xin chn thnh cm n Thy C, Vin Cng Ngh Sinh Hc & Thc

Phm, Trng i Hc Cng Nghip Thnh Ph H Ch Minh xy dng nhng

kin thc cn thit chng em c th thc hin tt bi bo co thc tp ln ny.

Chng em xin by t lng bit n chn thnh n Thy Vit Phng ngi

trc tip ging dy, truyn t kin thc cung cp nhng ti liu, ng gp kin cho

chng em trong sut qu trnh hc v hon thnh bo co.

Cm n nh trng to iu kin thun li v c s vt cht y chng

em c hc tp v tm hiu su v kin thc mn Cng ngh sn xut ch, c ph,

cacao t l thuyt n thc hnh.

Chng em chn thnh cm n !

NHN XT CA GIO VIN

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TP.H Ch Minh, ngythng nm 2015

Xc nhn ca gio vin

MC LC

NI DUNG ..................................................................................................................... 1

C PH BT .................................................................................................... 1 BI 1:

1.1. Nguyn liu ........................................................................................................... 1

1.2. Ph gia .................................................................................................................. 2

1.3. Thit b, dng c ................................................................................................... 3

1.4. Quy trnh sn xut ................................................................................................ 4

Quy trnh sn c ph c ph gia hoc khng ph gia .................................... 4 1.4.1.

Thuyt minh quy trnh ................................................................................... 5 1.4.2.

1.5. Tnh gi ca sn phm ....................................................................................... 10

CNG NGH SN XUT CH ................................................................... 13 BI 2:

2.1. Nguyn liu ......................................................................................................... 13

2.2. Thit b - dng c ................................................................................................ 13

Thit b ......................................................................................................... 13 2.2.1.

Dng c ....................................................................................................... 13 2.2.2.

2.3. Quy trnh sn xut .............................................................................................. 14

2.4. Thuyt minh ........................................................................................................ 14

Mc ch ...................................................................................................... 14 2.4.1.

Phng php thc hin (phng php chn) .............................................. 15 2.4.2.

2.5. Tnh gi sn phm .............................................................................................. 20

2.6. Ch tiu cht lng sn phm............................................................................. 20

NH GI CHT LNG SN PHM ................................................... 21 BI 3:

3.1. nh gi cht lng sn phm ch .................................................................... 21

nh gi ch tiu ha l ............................................................................... 21 3.1.1.

3.2. nh gi cht lng sn phm c ph ............................................................... 26

nh gi ch tiu ha l ............................................................................... 26 3.2.1.

Ti liu tham kho ....................................................................................................... 39

DANH MC BNG

Bng 1.1: Bng ph gia s dng trong quy trnh sn xut c ph bt c ph gia ........... 2

Bng 1.2: Bng nh mc gi nguyn liu c ph ch .................................................. 11

Bng 1.3: Bng nh mc gi nguyn liu c ph ch .................................................. 12

Bng3.1: Bng cho im ch xanh ................................................................................ 24

Bng 3.2: Phiu im ch hp ....................................................................................... 25

Bng 3.3: Bng h s quan trng ................................................................................... 25

Bng 3.4: Cho im cm quan c ph ........................................................................... 32

Bng 3.5: H s quan trng ca sn phm c ph: ........................................................ 33

Bng 3.6: Cho im mu c ph Vi khng ph gia ..................................................... 33

Bng 3.7: Bng cho im mu c ph Vi c ph gia .................................................. 34

Bng 3.8: Bng cho im c ph ch khng ph gia: ................................................... 36

DNH MC LC HNH

Hnh 1.1: Nguyn liu c ph vi, c ph ch v u nnh ............................................. 1

Hnh 1.2: Cc loi ph gia gm ru; caramen; vani; b; mui ..................................... 2

Hnh 1.3: Cc thit b s dng trong ch bin c ph...................................................... 3

Hnh 1.4: Quy trnh rang c ph: Gia nhit; cho nguyn liu vo; 1 pht; 3 pht; 5

pht; 7 pht; 9 pht; hon thin ....................................................................................... 7

Hnh 2.1: Ch nguyn liu ban u ............................................................................... 13

Hnh 2.2: Nguyn liu ch loi 1 ................................................................................... 16

Hnh 2.3: Nguyn liu loi 2 ......................................................................................... 16

Hnh 2.4: Phng php chn lc 0 pht ........................................................................ 16



Hnh 2.7: Phng php chn khi kt thc .................................................................... 17

Hnh 2.8: V ch ln 1 0 pht .................................................................................... 18

Hnh 2.9: V ch ln 1 10 pht .................................................................................. 18

Hnh 2.10: V ch ln 1 20 pht ................................................................................ 18

Hnh 2.11: V ch ln 1 30 pht ................................................................................ 19

Hnh 2.12: V ch ln 2 10 pht ................................................................................ 19

Hnh 2.13: V ch ln 2 20 pht ................................................................................ 19

Hnh 2.14: V ch ln 2 20 pht ................................................................................ 19

Hnh 3.1: th im cm quan c trng lng ca cc ch tiu i vi sn phm ch

vi khng ph gia .......................................................................................................... 26

Hnh 3.2: Cm quan ca sn phm ch (chn sn phm bn tri) so snh vi sn

phm i chng (sn phm bn phi) ............................................................................ 26

Hnh 3.3: th im cm quan c trng lng ca cc ch tiu i vi sn phm c

ph vi khng ph gia ................................................................................................... 34


ph vi c ph gia .......................................................................................................... 35

Hnh 3.5: Mu c ph vi c ph gia............................................................................. 35

Hnh 3.7: Bt c ph ch khng ph gia ....................................................................... 37

Hnh 3.8: Mu c ph ch khng ph gia ...................................................................... 37


ph ch c ph gia ......................................................................................................... 38

BO CAO THC HNH CH, C PH, CA CAO

Trang 1

NI DUNG

C PH BT BI 1:

1.1. Nguyn liu

Ngun gc: c ph nhn vi (robusta), c ph nhn ch (arabica) mua ti Cng ty

TNHH Hng Hoa, s 137 Trang T, P.2, Q.6, TPHCM.

Gi: C ph vi: 45000 ng/1kg C ph ch: 90000/1kg

S lng: 1kg mi loi.

nh gi cht lng ban u:

- C ph vi c kch thc va cc ht tng i ng u t l ht ln chim t

l cao, mu sc khng ng u, ch yu l mu xm trng hoc xanh nht.

- C ph ch c kch thc nh hn c ph vi, cc ht khng ng u t l ht

ln chim t l cao, mu sc khng ng u, ch yu l mu xanh nht hoc

xanh ru, c m trng.

m nguyn liu: - C ph vi: 9,4% - C ph ch: 13,9%

Hnh 1.1: Nguyn liu c ph vi, c ph ch v u nnh

BO CO THC TP NH MY BIA SI GN HONG QUNH

Trang 2

1.2. Ph gia

Hnh 1.2: Cc loi ph gia gm ru; caramen; vani; b; mui

Bng 1.1: Bng ph gia s dng trong quy trnh sn xut c ph bt c ph gia

Ph gia cho

c ph

T l/nguyn

liu

u nnh 20%

Ru 3%

Mui 0.5%

Hng c ph 0.1%

B 10%

Caramen 5%


Trang 3

1.3. Thit b, dng c

Hnh 1.3: Cc thit b s dng trong ch bin c ph

Ngoi ra cn c mt s vt dng khc nh: Bp gas, a g, Bao PE, Phin c ph.


Trang 4

1.4. Quy trnh sn xut

Quy trnh sn c ph c ph gia hoc khng ph gia 1.4.1.

C ph

nhn

Lm sch

Phn loi

Rang

Tm ph gia

C ph

bt

Lm ngui

Xay

Bao gi, bo qun

Khng tm ph gia


Trang 5

Thuyt minh quy trnh 1.4.2.

Lm sch 1.4.2.1.

- Mc ch: lm sch nguyn liu, loi b tp cht v cc thnh phn khng phi

c ph.

Phn loi 1.4.2.2.

- Mc ch: phn loi b cc ht nhn b h hng (mc, mt, en, v, ),

phn loi kch thc m bo cho qu trnh rang ng u cc ht c ph.

- Tin hnh: Nht loi b cc ht h hng. Phn loi ht bng tay theo 2 loi ln

v nh. em cn mt lng c ph m1 rang, dng ng ong xc nh th tch

V1 ca lng c ph ny. Cn mt lng nh mu c ph xc nh m ca

nguyn liu sau khi phn loi.

Thng s:

Arabica Robusta

C ph nguyn liu 450 500

Loi nh 115 179,4

Loi ln 300 313

H hng 25,92 7.53

m1 (c ph gia) 130 150

m1 (khng ph gia) 250 300

V1 (c ph gia) 180 210

V1 (khng ph gia) 450 520

Xc nh m 9.11 8,62


Trang 6

Rang 1.4.2.3.

- Mc ch: di tc dng ca nhit , cc phn ng ha hc din ra lm cho c

ph c mu, mi v hng v c trng.

- Tin hnh:

o Rang tay: Gia nhit ni gang 2 y t n nhit cn thit (190oC n

240oC), sau cho c ph vo rang, dng a khuy o lin tc, qu

trnh rang kt thc khi xut hin nhiu khi xanh v trng, ht c mu

nu m, c mi thm mnh, ting n gim dn.

o Rang my: iu chnh nhit thch hp cho c 2 loi c ph nh nhau

l 180oC, khi ng v ch my t nhit . Cho c ph vo rang canh

thi gian v kim tra bin i mu sc c ph trong khong thi gian d

kin. Kt thc qu trnh rang khi xut hin khi xanh v trng, ht c

mu nu m v mi thm mnh.

Bin i trong qu trnh rang:

- Bin i vt l: th tch tng, khi lng v t trng gim.

- Bin i ha l: Nc v mt s phn t c phn t lng thp bay hi.

- Bin i ha hc:

` + Gluxit v protein b phn hy, to thnh CO2.

+ Xy ra phn ng Caramen v phn ng Mailard.

+ m ca ht c ph gim mnh.

- Bin i ha sinh v vi sinh: enzyme v vi sinh vt b v hot hon ton.

Thng s:Rang tay Rang my

- C ph ch: 190oC 200oC - C ph ch:180oC

Thi gian: 853 Thi gian: 10

- C ph vi: 180oC - 190oC - C ph vi: 180oC

Thi gian: 12 Thi gian: 11


Trang 7

Hnh 1.4: Quy trnh rang c ph: Gia nhit; cho nguyn liu vo; 1 pht; 3 pht; 5 pht; 7 pht; 9 pht; hon thin

Tm ph gia 1.4.2.4.

- Mc ch: Tng thm tnh hp dn cho c ph.

- Tin hnh: Sau qu trnh rang, tt la v cho hn hp ph gia vo, o trn tht

u vi c ph. Sau tin hnh lm ngui.

Lm ngui 1.4.2.5.

- Mc ch: Trnh lm tht thot hng cho sn phm, chun b cho qu trnh .


Trang 8

- Tin hnh: c ph ra khay inox, dng qut qut ngui nhanh. Sau khi lm

ngui, tin hnh xc nh li th tch v khi lng mu.

- Thng s:

o C ph ch C ph vi

Rang tay (c ph gia) Rang tay (c ph gia)

Khi lng: 130g Khi lng: 150g

Th tch: 310ml Th tch: 380ml

Rang my

Khi lng: 250g Khi lng: 300g

Th tch: 420ml Th tch: 490ml

1.4.2.6.

- Mc ch: Cc ph gia v gia v sau khi tm cn c thi gian thm u vo

ht c ph, v cho ht c ph rang c cu trc n nh trc khi xay.

- Tin hnh: Bc kn sn phm bng bao PE, bn ngoi l bc giy. ni kh

ro, thong mt.

- Thng s: ti thiu l 40 gi.

Xay 1.4.2.7.

- Mc ch: Lm gim kch thc ht c ph, ph v cu trc vn c to iu

kin thun li cho qu trnh trch ly. Ngoi ra, to iu kin cho cc kh cn

trong ht thot ra ngoi.

- Tin hnh: S dng my nghin rng nghin nh ht.

Bao gi, bo qun 1.4.2.8.

- Mc ch: Bo qun c ph khng lm tiu hao gi tr sn phm.

- Tin hnh: S dng bao PE, bn ngoi l bao b trng bc. ni kh ro,

thong mt.

nh mc nguyn liu 1.4.2.9.

Cng on lm sch:

C ph ch

- Khi lng ban u: 0.45kg


Trang 9

- Khi lng sau khi lm sch: 0.424kg

- nh mc: 0.45/0.424=1.061

C ph vi


- Khi lng sau khi lm sch: 0.492kg

- nh mc: 0.5/0.492=1.016

Cng on phn loi:

C ph ch


- Khi lng sau khi phn loi (loi nh v va): 0.424

- nh mc: 0.45/0.424=1.061

C ph vi


- Khi lng sau khi phn loi (loi nh v va): 0.492kg

- nh mc: 0.5/0.492=1.016

Cng on rang:

C ph ch khng ph gia C ph ch c ph gia

- Khi lng ban u: 0.250kg - Khi lng ban u: 0.131kg

- Khi lng sau khi rang: 0.225kg - Khi lng sau khi rang: 0.09323kg

- nh mc: 0.250/0.225=1.111 - nh mc: 0.250/0.225=1.405

C ph vi khng ph gia C ph vi c ph gia

- Khi lng ban u: 0.300 kg - Khi lng ban u: 0. 150kg

- Khi lng sau khi rang: 0.268kg - Khi lng sau khi rang: 0.137kg

- nh mc: 0.300/0.268=1.119 - nh mc: 0.250/0.225=1.095

Cng on xay:


- Khi lng sau khi xay: 0.019kg

- nh mc: 0.02/0.019=1.052


Trang 10

Nhm xay v ghi s liu ca mt loi nn s dng nh mc cho c 4 mu c

ph nh nhau.

1.5. Tnh gi ca sn phm

Gi sn phm = gi nguyn liu + chi ph sx (chi ph sx = 20%* gi nguyn liu ).

Gi cc loi nguyn liu theo nh mc (GM) s tnh c da trn cng thc:

GM = t l s dng* khi lng sn phm*gi nguyn liu.

khi lng nguyn liu (KLNL) = khi lng bn thnh phm (hoc tnh t thnh

phm) tng cng on*nh mc tng cng on.

Vy khi lng nguyn liu tnh cho 200g c ph (v 40g bt bp) thnh phm

theo nh mc tng cng on l:

C ph ch khng ph gia

Khi lng ban u thu c 200g thnh phm

mb= 200x1.061x1.111x1.052=248g

C ph ch c ph gia


mb= 200x1.061x1.405x1.052=313.64g

C ph vi khng ph gia


mb= 200x1.061x1.119x1.052=249,8g

C ph vi c ph gia


mb= 200x1.061x1.095x1.052=244,44g


Trang 11

Bng 1.2: Bng nh mc gi nguyn liu c ph ch

Nguyn liu Gi nguyn liu T l

s dng

Gi nh

mc (vn)

C ph gia

Gi nh mc

(vn)

Khng ph gia

C ph 90000 vn/kg 100% 28227 22300

Bp 12000 vn/kg 20% 4800

Ru

54000

vn/500ml 3% 648

Hng c ph 50000 vn/25ml 0.1% 1000

B 13000 vn/200g 6% 780

Caramen

182000

vn/700ml 3% 1560

Mui 6000 vn/kg 0.50% 6

Tng 37021 22300

Gi sn phm thc t c ph vi c ph gia = gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc +

20%* gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc = 37021+ 20%*31114= 44425vn.

Gi sn phm thc t c ph vi khongo ph gia = gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc

+ 20%* gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc = 22300+ 20%*22300= 26760vn.


Trang 12

Bng 1.3: Bng nh mc gi nguyn liu c ph ch

Nguyn liu Gi nguyn liu T l

s dng

Gi nh

mc (vn)

C ph gia

Gi nh mc

(vn)

Khng ph gia

C ph 45000 vn/kg 100% 11000 11241

Bp 12000 vn/kg 20% 4800

Ru

54000

vn/500ml 3% 648

Hng c ph 50000 vn/25ml 0.1% 1000

B 13000 vn/200g 6% 780

Caramen

182000

vn/700ml 3% 1560

Mui 6000 vn/kg 0.50% 6

Tng 19794 11241

Gi sn phm thc t c ph vi c ph gia = gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc +

20%* gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc = 19794+ 20%*19794= 23752.8vn.

Gi sn phm thc t c ph vi khongo ph gia = gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc

+ 20%* gi sn phm tnh theo nh mc = 11241+ 20%*11241= 13489vn.


Trang 13

CNG NGH SN XUT CH BI 2:

2.1. Nguyn liu

- Ngun gc: Lm ng

- Gi nguyn liu: 10000 VN/kg

- Khi lng nguyn liu ca mi t: 800g

- Cht lng ban u: lc u mua nguyn liu th cht lng nguyn liu rt tt,

nhng do qu trnh bo qun khng p nn ngy sau c s bin i nguyn liu r

rt, tc l khng cn c ti nh lc ban u.

Hnh 2.1: Ch nguyn liu ban u

2.2. Thit b - dng c

Thit b 2.2.1.

T nng

T sy

Cn k thut

Cn 2 kg mt s 6 inches (NHS-2)

Dng c 2.2.2.

Sng tre kn a

Ni Vi

R Thau


Trang 14

2.3. Quy trnh sn xut

S quy trnh

2.4. Thuyt minh

Mc ch 2.4.1.

Phn loi

Dit men

V ch

Phn loi

Lm kh

Bao gi- bo qun

Sn phm ch

xanh

Ch ti


Trang 15

- Phn loi ch nguyn liu: ch trc khi a vo ch bin th c phn loi

nhm phn ring nhng loi ch cht lng cao (1 tm v 2-3 l) v cc loi ch cp

thp hn.

- Dit men: dng nhit tiu dit cc loi men c trong ch nguyn liu, nhm

khng ch qu trnh oxy ha cc cht c trong ch gi cho ch c mu nc pha

xanh t nhin ca nguyn liu. Lm mm, dai l ch, chun b cho qu trnh v.

- V ch: Lm dp t bo l ch, cht tan gii phng ra b mt sau khi sy s

lm cho cnh ch bng hn v khi pha nc, cht tan chuyn vo nc pha d dng

hn. Lm cho cnh ch xon cht, to hnh dng c trng cho sn phm

- Lm kh: S dng nhit cao lm bay i mt phn m, t thun li cho

vic bo qun v c nh ngoi hnh ch sau khi v. Nhm pht huy hng thm v

to mu

Phng php thc hin (phng php chn) 2.4.2.

Phng php chn l nhng ch ti vo nc si dit men ri vt ra ri

mng cho ngui.

Thit b: ni, thng hp

Nhit : nc si 90 -1000C

Thi gian: 3 5 pht, ty thuc vo nguyn liu

u im: d thc hin, lm sch c khi ch, tn t nng lng.

Nhc im:sau khi chn lng nc trong ch tng ln nn phi qua sy nh

trc khi v, hng thm ca ch km.

Thng s 2.4.2.1.

- Khi lng ban u: 800g

- Khi lng sau khi phn loi

+ Nguyn liu loi 1: 200g

+ Nguyn liu loi 2: 530g

- Khi lng vn sau khi v (phng php chn): 14.03g

- Khi lng sau khi sy nh (phng php chn) : 450g (hao ht 15.09%)

- m ch ban u : 75.2%

Cch tin hnh 2.4.2.2.

- Cn khi lng ban u. Sau em phn loi ch:


Trang 16

+ Nnguyn liu loi 1: tm + 2-3 l

+ Nguyn liu loi 2: ly l non, tm, cng non

Hnh 2.2: Nguyn liu ch loi 1

Hnh 2.3: Nguyn liu loi 2

- Cn li khi lng sau khi phn loi

- Dit men bng phng php chn

+ Nc phi si trc khi cho nguyn liu vo

+ Nc phi ngp nguyn liu

+ Thi gian : 2-4 pht

Hnh 2.4: Phng php chn lc 0 pht


Trang 17



Hnh 2.7: Phng php chn khi kt thc

- Sy nh sau khi dit men

+ Nhit : 60-700C

+ Thi gian: 20-30 pht

+ o nguyn liu


Trang 18

- V ch

+ Ln 1: trn sng tre lng (20 -30 pht), 2 pht o nguyn liu mt ln.

Hnh 2.8: V ch ln 1 0 pht




Trang 19


+ Ln 2: v ch trong ti vi (20-30 pht), 3 pht o nguyn liu 1 ln




- Lm kh bng phng php sy

+ Sy nhit : 90-1000C

+ Thi gian: 30-40 pht

+ Sy t khi b nguyn liu gy

vn

- Cn v bao gi


Trang 20

Yu cu bn thnh phm 2.4.2.3.

Trng thi Xon cht, mu xanh en

Mu sc Xanh ti, xanh vng, trong sng

Mi Hng thm t nhin

V Cht m

Bin i nguyn liu cng on sy 2.4.2.4.

- Nh sy, nc trong ch bay i phn ln, ngoi ra du thm b tn tht

nhiu n mc ch va sy xong hu nh khng cn ngi thy mi thm.

- Hm lng andehyt bay hi trong ch qua qu trnh ch bin ch tng

nhng li gim rt nhanh trong qu trnh sy.

- Hm lng glucoza, saccaroza v tinh bt gim khng nhiu lm nhng

bin i ca chng c ngha quan trng i vi cht lng ch bi do kt qu ca s

caramen ha mt phn cc gluxit ha tan v mi thm c o ca ch sy kh c

to nn.

- Trong qu trnh sy th hm lng vitamin C ca ch b mt ng k v

hm lng tanin trong ch cng gim.

2.5. Tnh gi sn phm

mNL= 800 g

Gi nguyn liu=8000 VN (10000VND/Kg)

Gi sn phm =tng gi nguyn vt liu+ chi ph sn xut =8000 VN + 2000

VN =10000 VN.

2.6. Ch tiu cht lng sn phm

Ch tiu ha l (TCVN 1455: 1993_Ch xanh)

Ch tiu cm quan (TCVN 1455: 1993_Ch xanh)

Ch tiu vi sinh: Quy nh mc gii hn ti a c t vi nm: aflatoxin

B1 5 g/kg


Trang 21

NH GI CHT LNG SN PHM BI 3:

3.1. nh gi cht lng sn phm ch

nh gi ch tiu ha l 3.1.1.

Xc nh m ca ch 3.1.1.1.

Cch tin hnh: cn chnh xc t 5- 10g ch, sy nhit 1050C n khi

lng khng i, tnh m theo cng thc sau:

W=

Kt qu:

Mu i chng: Tr thi nguyn

m1= 5.45 g m2=5.19 g

W=

= 4.77%

Mu sn phm lm ra:

m1= 5.09 m2=4.85

W=

=

= 4.7%

Nhn xt:

Qua kt qu o m cho thy rng khng c s khc bit v m ca sn

phm lm ra so vi sn phm i chng, v cng cho thy rng sn phm lm ra t v

ch tiu m( sn phm tr 3-5% m). Thi gian sy v nhit t a m tt

Xc nh Tanin trong ch 3.1.1.2.

a. Nguyn l ca phng php

Da trn c s ca phng php chun Iot. Trong mi trng acid, iot l

cht oxi ha mnh. Iot oxy ha tanin thnh nhng cht n gin hn. Lng Iot d s

c chun li bng Natri thiosunfat.

b. Ha cht

- Dung dch NaOH 4% - Dung dch H2SO4 7%

- Dung dch I2 0.1N - Dung dch Na2S2O3 0.1N

- Dung dch h tinh bt 1%


Trang 22

Cn 10g

ch

Nghin mn

Ngm 45 100ml nc ct

un si

Lc B

Trch ly (4-5 ln,

mi ln 100ml,

ngm 30)

nh mc 1 lt

Dch phn

tch

Ht 10 ml

dch nc ch

10ml nc ct

12.5ml NaOH

4%

20 ml Iot 0.1N y kn, yn trong ti 15

Thm 25ml H2SO4 7% v 300ml nc

ct

Chun bng Na2S2O3 0.1N n khi dd

c mu vng rm

Thm vi git h tinh bt v tip tc

chun n khi mt mu (hoc mu hi

vng ca nc ch)

c. Cch tin hnh

Chun b mu

Tin hnh


Trang 23

d. Cng thc tnh

Phn trm Tanin trong ch, tnh theo cht kh, c tnh theo cng thc sau:

( )

(%)

Trong :

a: th tch Na2S2O3 0.1N dng chun mu trng (ml)

b: th tch Na2S2O3 0.1N dng chun mu ch (ml)

0.00487: trng lng tanin ng vi 1ml Na2S2O3 0.1N hay 1ml I2

0.1N dng oxy ha tanin (g)

V1: Dung tch bnh nh mc (ml)

V2: th tch nc ch ht phn tch (ml)

m: Trng lng cht kh ca mu ch (g)

Vi

Trong :

W: m ca ch em phn tch (%)

G: khi lng ch em phn tch (g)

e. Kt qu

Mu i chng:

a= 20.5ml

b=13.3ml

m=

=9.523g

Phn trm tanin trong ch:

( )

( )

= 13.90%

Mu sn phm lm ra:

a=21.5 ml

b=15.3ml


Trang 24

m=

Phn trm tanin trong ch:

( )

( )

=11.96%

f. Nhn xt

Nng tanin trong sn phm lm ra l 11.96% va t chun ca sn phm tr

xanh v nng tanin( >11%). Tuy nhin so vi sn phm i chng th cn thp hn

(thi nguyn 13.9%) c th do mt s iu kin v phng th nghim khng thun li,

dng c v con ngi cha c nhiu kinh nghim.

1.1. nh gi ch tiu cm quan

Bng3.1: Bng cho im ch xanh

Ch tiu im cm quan ch xanh

5 4 3 2 1

Mu

nc

Xanh trong

sng, xanh

vng

Xanh vng,

xanh nht

Vng m,

c cn

Vng c,

nu

Nu ,

cn c

Mi Thm mnh

t nhin, thm

phc, bn mi

Thm t

nhin, bn

mi

Thm va,

thm cm

Mi thm

nht, c

mi hng

Khng c

mi ch, c

mi l

V Cht mnh, c

hu ngt

Cht m,

c hu ngt

Cht va,

ng

Cht ng,

c v l

Khng

cht, c v

l

Trng

thi

Mu xanh t

nhin, xon

cht, cun tt

Mu xanh

hi vng,

xon cun

tt

Mu xanh

en xon

cun trung

bnh

Mu hi

en, xon

cun TB,

cha t

m

Mu en,

xon cun

t


Trang 25

Bng 3.2: Phiu im ch hp

TV

Ch tiu

TV1 TV2 TV3 TV4 TV5 TB

Mu nc

pha

3 4 4 4 4 3.8

Mi 2 3 3 3 3 2.8

V 3 4 3 4 4 3.6

Trng thi 3 4 4 3 4 3.6

Bng 3.3: Bng h s quan trng

Tnh kt qu:

im cm quan c trng lng = im trung bnh * h s

Tng im cm quan c trng lng ca cc c tnh:

18,2-20: tt

15,2-18,1: kh

13,2-15,2: TB


Trang 26

x= 3.8*0.6+2.8*1.2+3.6*1.2+3.6*1= 13.56

th

Hnh 3.1: th im cm quan c trng lng ca cc ch tiu i vi sn phm ch vi khng ph gia

Nhn xt: Qua kt qu nh gi cm quan th sn phm ch xanh lm ra c mu xanh

sng, mi thm nh, v cht mnh, trng xon cun tng i. Qua th cng cho

thy sn phm t v v v im cm quan t 13.56 va t ngng trung bnh.

Hnh 3.2: Cm quan ca sn phm ch (chn sn phm bn tri) so snh vi sn phm i chng (sn phm bn phi)

3.2. nh gi cht lng sn phm c ph

nh gi ch tiu ha l 3.2.1.

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

mu nc mi v trng thi


Trang 27

Xc nh m ca c ph 3.2.1.1.

a. Nguyn l phng php

Dng phng php sy tch m bn trong sn phm, sau t khi lng gim

i ta tm ra c m ca sn phm

b. Cch tin hnh

c. Cng thc tnh

( )

Trong :

m1: khi lng ban u ca sn phm (g)

m2: khi lng ca sn phm sau khi sy (g)

d. Kt qu

Hm m trong mu sn phm lm ra:

C ph Vi:

mv1= 5.27g mv2=5.12g

= 2.8 %

C ph Ch:

mc1= 5.29g mc2=5.15g

= 2.6 %

Cn 5-10g mu

Sy nhit 105oC n

khi lng khng i

Cn li mu


Trang 28

Hm m ca mu i chng:Vinacafe:

mvn1= 5.52g mvn2=5.40g

= 2.17 %

Xc nh cafein trong c ph 3.2.1.2.

a. Nguyn l ca phng php

Nguyn l ca phng php: trong mi trng acid, iot tc dng vi cafein

to thnh cafein peiodic (kt ta). Lng iot d c chun bng Natri

thiosunfat.

b. Ha cht

- Dung dch NaOH 1N - Dung dch NaCl bo ha

- Dung dch HCl 1/3 - Dung dch I2 0.1N

- Dung dch Na2S2O3 0.1N - Dung dch h tinh bt 1%

c. Cch tin hnh

Chun b mu

Cn 20g

c ph bt

un si 30 150ml nc

ct un si

Lc B

Trch ly (4-5 ln,

mi ln 100ml,

un 20) nh mc 1 lt

Dch phn

tch


Trang 29

Tin hnh

d. Cng thc tnh

Phn trm Cafein trong c ph, tnh theo cht kh, c tnh theo cng thc

sau:

Ht 10 ml dch c

ph cho vo bnh

nh mc 100ml

4ml NaOH 1N

50 ml Iot 0.1N

y kn, yn

trong ti 15

Thm 15ml HCl 1/3 v 20ml

NaCl bo ha, thm nc ct

nh mc ln 100ml

Chun bng Na2S2O3 0.1N n

khi dd c mu vng rm

Thm vi git h tinh bt v tip

tc chun n khi mt mu (hoc

mu hi vng ca nc ch)

y kn, yn

trong ti 15

Lc (trng li bnh v phu bng

vi ml acid HCl 1/3)


Trang 30

( )

(%)

Trong :

a: th tch Na2S2O3 0.1N dng chun mu trng (ml)

b: th tch Na2S2O3 0.1N dng chun mu c ph (ml)

0.00487: trng lng tanin ng vi 1ml Na2S2O3 0.1N hay 1ml I2 0.1N dng

oxy ha cafein (g)

V1: Dung tch bnh nh mc (ml)

V2: th tch nc ch ht phn tch (ml)

m: Trng lng cht kh ca mu c ph (g)

Vi

Trong :

W: m ca ch em phn tch (%)

G: khi lng c ph em phn tch (g)

e. Kt qu

C ph ch khng ph gia

Th tch Na2S2O3 tiu tn:

V1 = 41.7ml

V2 =41.4ml

V3 =40.1ml

=41.07 ml

( )

Trong :

a=57.8ml

b=41.07 ml

V1=100ml

V2=10ml


Trang 31

=19.48g

Hm lng cafein trong mu l :

( )

=4.18 %

C ph vi khng ph gia

Th tch Na2S2O3 tiu tn:

V1 = 35.8ml

V2 =35.6ml

V3 =35.6 ml

=35.67 ml

( )

Trong : a=57.8ml; b=35.67 ml; V1=100ml; V2=10ml

=19.44g


( )

= 5.54%

Mu i chng: Vinacafe

a=57.8ml; b=42.5 ml; V1=100ml; V2=10ml

=19.57g


( )

=3.81 %


Trang 32

f. Nhn xt

Cc sn phm u t yu cu v hm lng cafein, i vi c ph ch cafein>

0.5%, c ph vi cafein > 0.8%. Hu ht cc mu u c hm lng cafein cao hn

mu i chng (Vinacafe)..

nh gi ch tiu cm quan 3.2.1.3.

Bng 3.4: Cho im cm quan c ph

im

Ch tiu 5 4 3 2 1

Mu nc

pha

Mu cnh

gin nht,

snh, khng

c

Mu cnh

gin m, t

snh, khng

c

Nu en, t

snh, hi

c

Nu en

m, c,

nhiu cn

Mu en

m, c,

nhiu cn

Mi

Thm mnh

c trng,

khng c

mi l

Thm va Thm va,

c mi kht

Thm nh,

c mi

hng, chy

kht

t thm,

kht, c mi

l

V

ng va,

m, c hu

ng va,

hi gt

ng mnh,

hi gt

ng cht

mnh, gt

ng khng

th ung

c, gt

Trng thi

Bt mu

cnh gin

m, mn

khong

0,5mm

Nu hoc

nu en,

mn va

Nu en

m, mn

va

en m,

qu mn

hoc qu

ln

en nh

than, qu

mn hoc

qu ln


Trang 33

Bng 3.5: H s quan trng ca sn phm c ph:

Ch tiu H s

Mu 0.6

Mi 1.5

V 1.2

Trng thi 0.7

Kt qu: Tng im cm quan c trng lng ca cc c tnh:

18,2-20: Tt

15,2-18,1: Kh

13,2-15,2: TB


Trang 34

th

Hnh 3.3: th im cm quan c trng lng ca cc ch tiu i vi sn phm c ph vi khng ph gia

Nhn xt: Sn phm mu nu en,t snh, mi hi kht, v ng gt, bt mn, mu nu

en. im cm quan ca sn phm ny rt thp (


Trang 35

th

Hnh 3.4: th im cm quan c trng lng ca cc ch tiu i vi sn phm c ph vi c ph gia

Hnh 3.5: Mu c ph vi c ph gia

Nhn xt: Sn phm mu nu en,t snh, mi hi kht, v ng gt, bt mn, mu nu

en. im cm quan ca sn phm ny rt thp (


Trang 36

C ph ch:

Bng 3.8: Bng cho im c ph ch khng ph gia:

TV

Ch tiu


Mu nc pha 4 3 3 4 4 3.6

Mi 3 3 4 4 3 3.4

V 3 3 4 3 3 3.2

Trng thi 4 4 3 3 3 3.4

im cm quan c trng lng= 3.6x0.6+3.4x1.5+3.2x1.2+3.4x0.7

= 13.48

th:


ph ch khng ph gia

i

m c

m q

uan

c

tr

ng

l

n

g

Ch tiu

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Mu nc pha Mi V Trng thi


Trang 37

Hnh 3.7: Bt c ph ch khng ph gia

Hnh 3.8: Mu c ph ch khng ph gia

Nhn xt: Sn phm c mu cnh gin m, t snh, mi thm va, hi kht, bt m

nu en m, mn va. Sn phm t im cm quan thp (13.48), sn phm c cht

lng trung bnh.

Bng 3.9: Bng cho im c ph ch c ph gia:

TV

Ch tiu


Mu nc pha 4 4 4 3 4 3.8

Mi 2 3 3 3 3 2.8

V 3 4 4 4 3 3.6

Trng thi 4 3 3 4 4 3.6


Trang 38

im cm quan c trng lng= 3.8x0.6+2.8x1.5+3.6x1.2+3.6x0.7

= 13.32

th

Hnh 3.9: th im cm quan c trng lng ca cc ch tiu i vi sn phm c ph ch c ph gia

Nhn xt: sn phm c mu cnh gin m, t snh, mi thm va, hi kht, v ng

va, hi gt, bt mu nu en, mn va. Sn phm t im cm quan thp (13.32),

sn phm t cht lng trung bnh.

i

m c

m q

uan

c t

rn

g l

ng

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Mu nc pha Mi V Trng thi Ch tiu


Trang 39

Ti liu tham kho

[1]. Cng ngh ch bin ch, c ph, cacao-Bin son: ThS. Vit Phng-Trng

i hc cng nghip thnh ph H Ch Minh.

[2]. Gio Trnh Bi ging thc hnh cng ngh ch bin ch, c ph, cacao-Bin son:

ThS. Vit Phng.

bcthchecaphecacao dhtp7b nhom1(st4) to5

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