www.covenantuniversity.edu.ng

BCH 441

A TRIP TO THE HEALTH CENTRE

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GROUP MEMBERSAdjekukor Ufuoma CynthiaAkpata Patrick Kayode KazeemOkechukwu EmekaOrakpo Anabel Udechukwu Treasure

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CONTENTS Introduction

Asthma

Skin Care

Hormonal Drugs

Antidepressant

Conclusion

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INTRODUCTIONSteroids are a large class of organic compounds

with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms (three six-membered and one five).

Some steroids are used as medications for asthma, skin disease, hormonal dysfunction, etc.

This trip was done in order to learn more about the steroid medications.

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ASTHMAIt is a chronic disease of the airways that

makes breathing difficult.

There is inflammation of the air passages that results in temporary narrowing of the airways that carry oxygen to the lungs.

Steroid drugs used include: fluticasone propionate, beclomethasone dipropionate and Prednisolone

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AsthmaBeclomethasone dipropionate It is sold under the brand name Qvar among others, is a steroid

medication.

It is available as an inhaler (used for long term treatment of asthma), cream (for dermatitis and psoriasis), pills and nasal spray.

Fluticasone propionate Nasal spray is a prescription used to treat non-allergy nasal

symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and nasal itching in adults and children aged 4 years and other.

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Fig. 1 Structure of Fluticasone Propionate

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AsthmaPrednisolone

Belongs to the class known as corticosteroids

It is used to treat conditions such as arthritis, blood disorders, breathing problems, severe allergies, skin diseases, cancer, eye problems, and immune system disorders.

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SKIN CARESkin diseases include eczema (known as

atopic dermatitis), impetigo( skin infection), dermatitis ( a disease of the skin, especially one that does not cause inflammation), etc.

Most steroids used here include: bethamethasone dipropionate, clobetasol propionate, bethamethasone sodium phosphate, methylprednisolone, etc.

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Skin CareClobetasol propionate

emollient 0.05%, used in the treatment of patients with dry, scaly, corticosteroid-responsive dermatisis such as psoriasis and eczema.

This is the steroid active ingregdient found in skineal.

Methyl prednisolone It is sold under the company name Neo-Medrol , mostly

used after shave by men to prevent allergic reactions that can cause pimples.

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Skin CareBethamethasone dipropionate

It is a glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive abilities.

It is applied as a topical cream (FunBact A), ointment, lotion or gel (Diprolene) to treat itching and other minor skin conditions like eczema.

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Fig.2 Structure of Betamethasone Dipropionate

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Fig.3 Diagram of FUNBACT-A

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Skin CareBethamethasone sodium phosphate

It is used orally and via injection.

It is a corticosteroid that is used to relieve skin irritation, such as itching and flaking from eczema.

It is sold under the company name Betadrone – N which contains 10ml of this as its active ingredient.

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HORMONAL DRUGSHormonal drugs are synthetic drugs that

performs the function of the specific deficient / non functioning hormone in the patient.

Some of them include: nandrolene, desmopressin, diethylstilbestrole, insulin, etc.

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Hormonal DrugsMesterolone

It belongs to the group of medicines known as androgens, which are male sex hormones.

It is used to treat disorder in men where the body does not make enough natural androgen.

It works by supplementing the amount of male hormone the body produces naturally.

It is sold under the brand name Pro-Viron which contains 25 mg of mesterolone

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Fig 4. Structure of Mesterolone

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Hormonal DrugsDiethylstilbestrol (DES)

It is a synthetic form of the female hormone estrogen.

It was prescribed to pregnant women between 1940 and 1971 to prevent miscarriage, premature labour and related complications of pregnancy.

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Hormonal DrugsInsulin

It is a hormone that is produced in the body.It can also be given as a medication.It works by lowering levels of glucose

(sugar) in the blood.Regular insulin is used to treat diabetes.

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Hormonal DrugsDesmopressin

It is a structural analogue of vasopressin.

It is used to treat bed-wetting, central cranial diabetes insipidus, and increased thirst and urination caused by head surgery or head trauma.

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Fig. 5 Structure of Vasopressin

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Fig. 6 Structure of Desmopressin (structural analogue of vasopressin)

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Hormonal DrugsNandrolene

It is an anabolic steroid hormone.

It is designed for the sole purpose of increasing mass.

It largely functions by increasing hemoglobin and red blood cell count as well as dramatically promoting nitrogen retention.

It is used to treat osteoporosis in post menopausal women.

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ANTI DEPRESSANTAn antidepressant is a drug used to alleviate

depression

Amitriptyline

It belongs to a class of drugs called tricyclic antidepressants.

It works on the central nervous system to increase the levels of certain chemicals in the brain and improve the depression.

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Fig. 7 Structure of Amitriptyline

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CONCLUSIONThe trip to the health centre was

successful.We learnt the usefulness of

steroids as therapeutic agent.We also learnt about an

antidepressant drug (amitriptyline).

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