bc#control#technologies#& operaonal#strategies# heavy... · 2017-10-12 ·...

14
BC Control Technologies & Opera4onal Strategies Banning Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) in the Arc6c Dr Sian Prior Arc4c Under Threat Campaign supported by the European Climate Founda4on Slide 1

Upload: others

Post on 07-Jul-2020

3 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

BC  Control  Technologies  &  Opera4onal  Strategies  

Banning  Heavy  Fuel  Oil  (HFO)  in  the  Arc6c    

Dr  Sian  Prior    Arc4c  Under  Threat  Campaign  

supported  by  the  European  Climate  Founda4on  

Slide  1  

Page 2: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

What  is  HFO?  

•  Residue  and  heaviest  elements  of  refined  oil  •  Extremely  viscous  •  Breaks  down  very  slowly  in  marine  environment  –  tests  showed  that  90%  of  HFO  remained  aPer  20  days  in  the  ocean  

•  In  lab  tests  up  to  50  4mes  more  toxic  than  medium  and  light  crude  oil  spills  to  fish  

•  Oil  trapped  in  ice  can  persist  and  travel  longer  distances  

Slide  2  

Page 3: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Risks  associated  with  HFO  

•  Burning  –    harmful  and  significantly  higher  emissions  for  sulphur,  nitrogen  oxides  and  black  carbon,  PAHs  and  heavy  metals  

•  Health  impacts  –  inhaling  BC  –  cardiopulmonary  morbidity,  respiratory  problems,  mortality  

•  Spills  –  risk  of  oiling  and  smothering  wildlife  and  habitats,  risk  to  local  communi4es  dependent  on  marine  resources  

•  Sludge  –  1  to  5%  of  the  fuel  volume  consumed      

Slide  3  

Page 4: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Arc4c  Marine  Shipping  Assessment  

“the  most  significant  threat  from  ships  to  the  Arc4c  marine  environment  is  the  release  of  oil  through  accidental  or  illegal  discharge”      Recommended:  Arc4c  States  should  “coopera4vely  support  efforts    at  the  Interna4onal  Mari4me  Organiza4on  to  strengthen,  harmonise  and  regularly  update  interna4onal  standards  for  vessels  opera4ng  in  the  Arc4c”.    

Slide  4  

Page 5: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

PAME  

 “in  light  of  the  par4cular  HFO  proper4es,  

significant  risk  reduc4on  will  be  achieved  if  the  onboard  oil  type  is  of  dis4llate  type  rather  than  

HFO”  

Slide  5  

Page 6: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

The  Antarc4c  Case  

•  Risks    of  HFO  in  Antarc4c  recognised  by  ATMs  •  Agreed  to  take  ac4on  at  IMO  to  ban  HFO    •  IMO  –  “hot  potato”  raised  at  MEPC  -­‐>  BLG  –>  MEPC  –>  BLG  –  >MEPC  

•  New  leadership  with  a  solid  proposal    •  Amendment  to  MARPOL  Conven4on    •  Ballast  water  and  further  amendment  (Mar  16)  

Slide  6  

Page 7: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Arc4c  Waters  Slide  7  

Page 8: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

HFO  Use  in  the  Arc4c  •  In  2012,  1347  ships  operated  in  the  Arc4c  •  Bulk  carriers,  tankers,  cargo,  container,  and  passenger  vessels    >  10,000  GT  use  HFO  

•  Majority  of  smaller  vessels  (e.g.  fishing  vessels)  use  dis4llate  fuels  

•  Only  28%  of  vessels    use  HFO,  however  75  %  of  total  bunker  mass  was  HFO  

•  Majority  of  ships  are  flagged  by  Arc4c  States  •  By  2025,  projected  increase  between  100  –  500%  (US  Arc4c)  

Slide  8  

Page 9: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Mi4ga4ng  the  risks  of  HFO  use  (1)  Spa4al  measures  

•  Routeing  measures  –  e.g.  areas  to  be  avoided  

•  Emissions  control  areas  

•  Special  Area  /  Par4cularly  Sensi4ve  Sea  Area  (PSSA)  

Slide  10  

Page 10: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Mi4ga4ng  the  risks  of  HFO  use  (2)  

•  Polar  Code  –  comes  into  effect  in  2017    •  Amendment  to  the  MARPOL  Conven4on    (aka  Antarc4c  regula4on)  

Slide  11    

Page 11: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Mi4ga4ng  the  risks  of  HFO  carriage  

•  Routeing  measures  –  to  keep  vessels  away  from  vulnerable  sites  or  from  danger  

 •  Mandatory  repor4ng  –  to  facilitate  faster  response  

 •  Amendment  to  MARPOL  –  ban  or  restric4ng  the  carriage  

Slide  12  

Page 12: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Poli4cal  advocacy  

•  Arc4c  Council  –  8  Arc4c  States  plus  observers  

•  UN  Interna4onal  Mari4me  Organiza4on  (IMO)  

•  Na4onal  policies  

Slide  13  

Page 13: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Engaging  the  private  sector  

•  Cruise  industry  •  Fishing  industry  •  Container  ships  •  Bulk  carriers  •  Tankers  •  Bunker  suppliers  •  Shippers    •  Ports    

Slide  15  

Page 14: BC#Control#Technologies#& Operaonal#Strategies# Heavy... · 2017-10-12 · BC#Control#Technologies#&# Operaonal#Strategies# Banning&Heavy&Fuel&Oil&(HFO)&in&the&Arc6c& # Dr#Sian#Prior##

Environmental  NGOs  calling  for  ban  on  HFO  use  in  the  Arc4c  

Slide  16