basics of macro and vba

8/10/2019 Basics of Macro and VBA

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Macro! What is it?

Macro is a combination of lot of task that you can record once and then replay

that as many times as possible just by a single click. Almost everything that youdo in Excel can be done using Macro. It is very simple that everyone can do this

even without scripting knowledge

If you simply record some thing and replay that, then it is not of much use.

Excel Macro, uses VBE to make the macro more dynamic and useful.

Now what is VBE? Visual Basic Editor is a part of Excel, where you code and create tools, which

will make your work ease, and will do wonders by reducing the effort and time t

great extent, you can do anything here, get inputs from user, give output etc.,

VBE uses the coding language VBA.

Macro


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Macro settings to be followed

Before starting with Macro or coding in excel, the first thing that you should do is to:

set the security level as Low or Medium so that the Macro will work in Exc

In Excel 2007, you need to choose the option Developer->Macro Security->Ma

Settings->Enable all macros

To Create a Macro the short cut key is Alt + F8 and to open the VBA the short cut kF11, and they both are available under the Developer menu in Excel 2007.


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Visual Basic Editor (VBE)

VBE can be sub dividethree windows, they ar

1. Project Window

2. Properties Window

3. Code Window

Lets see each window i


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VBE-Project Window In Project window you can

various workbooks that are If we expand, we can see t

sheets in each workbook.

We can also see the modul

forms that we create for a w

If you click on the sheet, t

properties window will shoproperties of that sheet.

And Code window will sho

written for that sheet. If n

written, that it will be blank


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VBEPROPERTIES WINDOW

Properties Window will show the pro

of the object that we have selected in

Project Window by clicking on it.

Here you can see that there are totall

properties. You can modify the prop

according to your needs.

Now as highlighted in Left hand side

you change the value of the property

Name as Introduction instead of

Sheet1 you can see that in Excel thcorresponding sheet name would hav

changed

The code in VBA that is used to cha

the sheet name isActivesheet.Nam

"Introduction"


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VBECODE WINDOW

Double click on workbook in the

project window, the code window open as given in left hand side.

You can straight away start typing

VBA script in the blank space.

You can see two drop down box i

top, the one at left is showing Gen

now. If you try to expand, it will s

Workbook as one option, which ycan choose. As you have clicked o

Workbook in Project window.

After choosing workbook from th

dropdown box, the first and last li

macro will come


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Code Window continue.


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Code Window continue. As you can see in previous slide you would be able to see the code:

Private Sub Workbook_Open()

End Sub

What ever code you place between these two statement, will start running as soon as the wo

in opened.

Now as seen in the previous slide there is one more drop down box in the top right, if you

that, you will find some 28 events. You can choose any of the event, the corresponding fir

line of the macro will appear, and any code you place between that line, will run when the e

be triggered. For eg., if you choose Activate event, the following code will appear

Private Sub Workbook_Activate()

End Sub

So any VBA code between the above two statement will run whenever the workbook is acti


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VBA GrammarVisual Basic for Application is an Object Oriented Language. This means that programmi

mean that dealing with objects, methods and there properties.

ObjectsEvery item present in excel are objects. An object can contain other objects. Application is

containing workbooks, the hierarchy follows.

For ex: - Application (Includes all open workbooks)

Workbook (Includes all worksheets in the particular workbook)

Worksheets (Includes all the cells in the worksheet)

Range (Includes the selected cells)

MethodsMethods can be defined as the actions, which can be performed on the objects. Some

Activate, Copy, Clear, Paste, etc. can be performed on a worksheet,cell, range etc.

Properties

Properties are the characteristics of an object. For example if a particular cell is consider

would be Value, Font, Column & row width, Formula etc.


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Variables

must start with a letter

can contain _ and numbers

cannot exceed 255 characters in length

Within a procedure declare a variable using

Dim variable

Dim variableAs type

If a variable is not declared it will be created when used, the type will be Variant

Use Option Explicit in the declaration section to require declaration of variables.

VBA variables have scope restrictions

variables declared in a procedure are local to that procedure

variables declared in a module can bepublicorprivate

Variables


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Basic Syntax for VBAThis part has some syntax which a starter can use.

Activecell.value:- this syntax gets the value of the particular cell which is active in the active she

cell A1 has the value Infy and the pointer points to A1 then Activecell.value would return In

Activesheet.cells(x,y) :- this one gets the value of the x,y cell where x & y point to row and colu

sheet1.cells(x,y) :- this one points to the x,y cell in sheet1 where sheet1 might be defined as said

part.

sheet1.Range(A1:C3).select :- this syntax would select the cells from A1 to C3 is similar to clic

till C3. this same select statement can be used to select a cell too.

sheet1.Range(A1:C3).copy :- this line would copy the values and other format in the selected rathis case A1 to C3

sheet1.cells(1,1) .Paste Special Paste:=xlPasteValues :- this line is the simulation of the right clic

functionality in excel.

Activesheet.Paste :- this one acts similar to the paste option in excel. Before using this code Act

has to be used without using it would cause an error.


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Programming Statements Logical statements

The If Then Else statement is the basic logic test

If a>10 Then

End If

If a>10 Then

ElseIf a10 Then

Else

End If


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The Select statement can be used to replace a multi-way if statement

Select Case expression

Case expr1

Case expr2

Case Else

End Select


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Dealing with runtime errors The On Error statement will trap errors

The errorname is a label in the code

In the error code a Resumestatement will cause the statement that caused th

error to be executed again

In the error code a Resume Nextstatement will restart execution on the

statement after the one that caused the error

On Error GoTo label

On Error GoTo check

check:


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Thankyou

basics of macro and vba

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