basic unit formation.ppt

7/30/2019 Basic Unit Formation.ppt

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OBJECTIVE

TO IMPART TO THE STUDENTS

THE DIFFERENT KINDS OFBASIC UNIT FORMATION AND

MOVEMENTS OF TEAM,SQUAD AND PLATOON.


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SCOOPE FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS MOVEMENT/ FORMATIOINS USED SQUAD FORMATIONS PLATOON TACTICS PLATOON FORMATIONS


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MOVEMENT/ FORMATIOINSUSEDThis section discusses

formations, movement

techniques, and actions during

movement for infantry

platoons and squads.


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FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS Formations are arrangements of

elements and soldiers in relation toeach other. Squads use formations for

control flexibility and security.

Leaders choose formations based on

their analysis of the factors of METT-

T. Figure 2-6, compares formations.

Leaders are up front in formations.

This allows the fire team leader tolead by example, "Follow me and do

as I do." All soldiers in the team must

be able to see their leader.


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MOVEMENT/ FORMATIOINS USEDa. Wedge. The wedge is the basic formationfor the fire team. The interval betweensoldiers in the wedge formation is normally

10 meters. The wedge expands andcontracts depending on the terrain. Whenrough terrain, poor visibility, or otherfactors make control of the wedge difficult,

fire teams modify the wedge. The normalinterval is reduced so that all teammembers can still see their team leader andthe team leaders can still their squad

leader. The sides of the wedge can contractto the point where the wedge resembles asingle file. When moving in less ruggedterrain, where control is easier, soldiers

expand orresume their original positions.(Figure 2-4).
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MOVEMENT/ FORMATIOINSUSED

b.File. When the terrain precludes useof the wedge, fire teams use the fileformation (Figure 2-5)
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SQUAD FORMATIONS Squad formations describe the

relationships between fire teams inthe squad. They include the squad

column and squad line. A comparison

of the formations is in Figure 2-10.


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SQUAD FORMATIONS a. Squad Column. The squad column is

the squad's most common formation.

It provides good dispersion laterally

and in depth without sacrificing

control, and facilitates maneuver. The

lead fire team is the base fire team.When the squad moves independently

or as the rear element of the platoon,

the rifleman in the (rail fire teamprovides rear security (Figure 2-7).


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SQUAD IN COLUMN,DIAMOND

Characteristics Easy to control Facilitate rapid movement better than a line butnot as well as rifle Provides good all-around local security Makes the best use of movement techniques

FTL

GAR

R

G ARSLFTL

R


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SQUAD FORMATIONS b. Squad Line. The squad line provides

maximum firepower to the front(Figure 2-8). When a squad is acting as

the base squad, the fire team on the

right is the base fire team.


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SQUAD LINE WEDGE

Characteristics>Allows for speed amount of immediate fireforward>Covers maximum frontage>Is not easy to control as column or file

G

R

ARSL

FTL

G AR

R

FTL


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SQUAD FORMATIONS c. Squad File. When not traveling in a

column or line, squads travel in file.

The squad file has the samecharacteristics as the fire team file. Ifthe squad leader desires to increase

his control over the formation, exertgreater morale presence by leadingfrom the front, and be immediatelyavailable to make key decisions, he

will move forward to the first orsecond position. Additional controlover the rear of the formation can beprovided by moving a team leader to

the last position. (Figure 2-9.)


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SQUAD FILE Characteristics

>Provides maximum control.>Provides maximum frontage.>Facilities speed movement>Less flexibility than wedge ordiamond.>Provides immediate rifle flanks,but makes most soldiers fires

to the front and rear.

FIRE TMA

FIRE TMB

G

SL

R

FTL

AR

G

R

FTL

AR


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PLATOON TACTICS


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PLATOON FORMATIONS Platoon formations include the

platoon column, the platoon line(squads on line or in column), the

platoon vee and the platoon

wedge. The leader should weighthese carefully to select the best

formation based on his mission

and on METT-T analysis. Acomparison of the formations is in

Figure 2-17.


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CHARACTERISTICS ANDTACTICS


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PLATOON FORMATIONS a. Platoon Column. This formation is

the platoon's primary movementformation (Figure 2-11). It provides

good dispersion both laterally and in

depth, and simplifies control. The leadsquad is the base squad.


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PLATOON FORMATIONS NOTE: METT-T will determine where crew-served

weapons move in the formation. They normally

move with the platoon leader so he can quicklyestablish a base of fire.

b. Platoon-Line, Squads-on-Line. This formationallows the delivery of maximum fire to the front butlittle fire to the flanks (Figure 2-12). This formationis hard to control, and it does not lend itself well torapid movement. When two or more platoons areattacking, the company commander chooses oneof them as the base platoon. The base platoon's

center squad is its base squad. When the platoon isnot acting as the base platoon, its base squad is itsflank squad nearest the base platoon. The machineguns can move with the platoon, or they cansupport by fire from a support position (not shown).

This is the basic platoon assault formation.


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PLATOON FORMATIONS c. Platoon-Line, Squads-in-Column. The

platoon leader can use this formation when

he does not want to deploy all personnel online, and when he wants the squads toreact to unexpected contact (Figure 2-13).This formation is easier to control, and itlends itself better to rapid movement than

the platoon-line or squads-on-line formation;however, it is harder to control than anddoes not facilitate rapid movement as wellas a platoon column. When two or moreplatoons are moving, the companycommander chooses one of them as thebase platoon. The base platoon's centersquad is its base squad. When the platoonis not the base platoon, its base squad is its

flank squad nearest the base platoon.


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PLATOON FORMATIONS d. Platoon Vee. This formation has

two squads up front to provide aheavy volume of fire on contact

(Figure 2-14). It also has one squad in

the rear that can either overwatch or

trail the other squads. This formationis hard to control; movement is slow

The platoon leader designates one of

the front squads to be the platoon'sbase squad.


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PLATOON FORMATIONS e.Platoon Wedge. This formation has

two squads in the rear that can

overwatch or trail the lead squad

(Figure 2-15). It provides a large

volume of fire to the front or flanks. It

allows the platoon leader to makecontact with a squad and still have

one or two squads to maneuver. The

lead squad is the base squad.


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PLATOON FORMATIONS f. Platoon File. This formation may be set up

in several methods. One method is to havethree-squad files follow one another usingone of the movement techniques. Anothermethod is to have a single platoon file witha front security element (point) and flank

security elements. This formation is usedwhen visibility is poor due to terrain,vegetation, or light conditions. (Figure 2-16.) The distance between soldiers is less

than normal to allow communication bypassing messages up and down the file. Theplatoon file has the same characteristics asthe fire team and squad files.
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SUMMARY

FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS MOVEMENT/ FORMATIOINS USED SQUAD FORMATIONS PLATOON TACTICS PLATOON FORMATIONS


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basic unit formation.ppt

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