Basic course of transmission *

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(service network)input)(construction period)(independent management)(relability)(safety)(stability)(expansibility)(economy)

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(topology)linearstartreeloopmesh

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Transmission network works for all service networks,such as mobile network(GSM/CDMA/TDSCDMA/LTE), data network, fixed telephone network ,access network, synchronization network, signalling network,etc.For a service network,being a transmission engineering designer,we should know:What elements is it composed of?What is the function of each element ?What interfaces are used between the elements?How much bandwith is needed at the interfaces?

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For an exampleGSM network:BTS,BSC(include TRAU),MSCBTS-BSC(TRAU)-MSC1-2E1 for each BTSBetween TRAU and MSC,the bandwith is of the one between BSC and TRAU.Other guide

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architecture

regionprovincedistrict1st backbone2nd backboneInternational gateway

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GSM

regionprovincedistrict

TMSC11

MSC

TMSC12

TMSC21

TMSC22

GMSC

MSC

GMSC

BTS

BSCn

BTS

BTS

BTS

BSCn

BTS

BTS

TMSC1n-1

TMSC1n

TMSC14

TMSC13

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layering model)Core layerconvergence layeredge layeraccess layernode

MSCBSCATM

POP

POP

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(keys)(needs analysis)flow rate & direction(status)(problem)(available resources)(principle)(schematic design)(Device configuration)

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6.64 250 465 543.29:-81km-58km- 281km99242

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chain*

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288.dwg

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289.dwg

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System between floorsInside the building

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1(wireless transmission )122FSO

2(wire transmission)12pattern)Free Space Optical communication

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1TDM(Time Division Multiplex )(1)PDH(Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy)

(2)SDH(Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)(format)

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(rhythm)(confusion )(encode)(TDM) tributary(clock source )(digital rate)

(asynchronous)

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PDH(multiplex)

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PDHshortage)(no unified rate and interface)Operation Administration and Maintenance

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SDH(frame structure)pointerpayloadSegmentation overheadPath overhead

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SDHVirtual containeradministrative unit

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SDHPDH(unified)(rate)(interface)(network management)(self-healing)(byte)

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2Package)(1)(2)ATM(3)IP

TDM(flexible )(efficient )(cheap)

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challenge)

broadbandIPdiversification

evolution)

IP intelligentize Comprehensive carrying

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base resourcesRoom & powerFiber & pipefacilityshare

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(uncertainty) quality reliabilityspace path)(statistics)

---(microwave)

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30100 Mb/s10100 Mb/s10 Mb/s

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PDHSDH

STM-1-------155 Mb/s632 Mb/s STM-4-------622 Mb/s2522 Mb/sE1

Mb/s1302.04821208.448348034.36841920139.264

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(Unavailable)3(propagation)1+1(HSB)1N

(fault)(route)(ring)

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(pre-planning)1123construction principles212(investment)3

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-pipe line)

(pipe)(overhead)(direct burying)

(cement pipe)(tube cellsPVCPVC

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cable)

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the replacement of copper cables with optical cables

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(fiber) G.652G.655

G.652 ---- G.655 ----

(attenuation) 1310nm---0.3 ~0.4dB/km 1550nm---0.19 ~0.25dB/km(dispersion)G.652 1310nm---0 ~3.5 ps/nmkm 1550nm---15 ~20 ps/nmkm18G.655 1540 ~1565 nm---1 ~4 ps/nmkm3.8

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Generic Cabling System)

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* (device) ( twisted-pair ) wire distribution cabinet ( ) outlet plugpanel installdetect

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*(sub-system)1(Workspace)2(distribution)3(trunk)4(equipment room)5(manage)6(groups of buildings)

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abcdefga + b + e< 10m c, d < 20m f, g < 30m

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*(basic material)

prospect

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*(resource)

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*(route program)

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*(route program)

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*---

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(choose route)

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(preliminary design)15000110000150000200m

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(measure)

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(get help)

chain**