basic it knowledge
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www.techsailor.comEngaging Your Customers Online
by Fisher Yu
Basic IT Knowledge
5 Feb 2010
Basic IT Knowledge
• essentially a multi-functional calculator
• a programmable machine that receives input
• stores and manipulates data• provides output in a useful format • history:
– the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). These were the size of a large room
– http://inventors.about.com/library/blcoindex.htm
A Computer…
Software:
•MS office
•IE7
•Firefox
•SQL
•IIS
•Photoshop
•etc…
OS:
•Windows XP
•Windows Vista
•Windows 7
•Mac OS
•Linux
•Unix
•Chrome OS
•etc…
Physical Devices:
Mother board, Hard disk, Ram, Processor, Speaker, Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, CD-ROM, Power Supplier Unit & etc…
Do you know…
External Devices Internal Devices
Hardware
PC Peripherals
Monitor Speaker Keyboard Mouse Joystick Printer Photocopier Scanner …
Network Device
Router Switch Hub Modem Wireless adapter Blue-tooth
adapter …
Storage Device
External HDD (Hard Disk)
Thumb drive ; flash disk; SD/Mini-SD card, Memory Stick, etc…
External Floppy Disk …
* A lot of different kind of slots/ports are available on motherboard to connect those external devices
External Devices
Devices that bulit-on or directly plug onto motherboard, and include motherboard
Motherboard (also called Main board/System board)
Power supplier unit (usually with fans)
Processor (usually with fans)
Ram Hard Disk (HDD)
Floppy Disk
* A lot of different kind of slots are available on motherboard for the rest of the optional devices
Modem CD/DVD-Rom /RW Graphic Card Network Card Sound Card …
Internal Devices
Peek into the PC’s motherboard
Source: http://www.obsessable.com/glossary/motherboard/
• An interface between hardware and user
• A platform to install/host applications/software
Windows XP Mac
Windows Vista Windows CE
Mac OS X Suse Linux
Windows 2000 BlackBerry
Windows Server 2003
Windows
Ubuntu Linux FreeBSD
Windows NT 4 Sun Solaris
Linux Playstation 3
Windows 98 Symbian
Windows ME Adobe AIR
Debian Linux Nintendo Wii
iPhone iPod
Windows 95 SGI Irix
OpenBSD …
Operating Systems
• Computer software is a general term primarily used for digitally stored data such as computer programs and other kinds of information read and written by computers.
• Today, this includes data that has not traditionally been associated with computers, such as film, tapes and records.
• in contrast to hardware, software is intangible, meaning it "cannot be touched• Software is also sometimes used in a more narrow sense, meaning application software only.
Examples: Application software, such as word processors which perform productive tasks for users.
Firmware, which is software programmed resident to electrically programmable memory devices on board mainboards or other types of integrated hardware carriers.
Middleware, which controls and co-ordinates distributed systems.
System software such as operating systems, which govern computing resources and provide convenience for users.
Software testing is a domain dependent of development and programming. Software testing consists of various methods to test and declare a software product fit before it can be launched for use by either an individual or a group.
Testware, which is an umbrella term or container term for all utilities and application software that serve in combination for testing a software package but not necessarily may optionally contribute to operational purposes. As such, testware is not a standing configuration but merely a working environment for application software or subsets thereof.
Video games (except the hardware part)
Websites
Software
Source: http://www.wikipedia.com
• System software helps run the computer hardware and computer system. It includes a combination of the following:
device drivers operating systems servers utilities windowing systems
System Software
• Programming software usually provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer programs, and software using different programming languages in a more convenient way. The tools include:
compilers debuggers interpreters linkers text editors
Programming Software
• Application software allows end users to accomplish one or more specific (not directly computer development related) tasks. Typical applications include:
industrial automation business software video games quantum chemistry and solid state physics software telecommunications (i.e., the Internet and everything that flows on it) databases educational software medical software military software molecular modeling software image editing spreadsheet simulation software Word processing Decision making software
Application Software
• A collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets.
• Addressed relative to a common Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
• Webpage– formatting instructions of Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML, XHTML)– accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP / HTTPS)
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