Basic Coal Fired Power Plant

Basic Coal Fired Power PlantPower Plant Main ComponentsMaterial Handling (Coal and Ash)Boiler (CFB Boiler)Steam TurbineWater & Steam CycleWater TreatmentSootblower, ESP, Dust SuppressionGeneratorElectrical Transmission & DistributionDCS & Local ControllerMaterial Handling (Coal)Coal ReceivingCoal Unloading ConveyorCoal Unloading TripperCoal Stock YardCoal HandlingCoal Receving HopperCoal Magnetic SeparatorCoal Handling ConveyorCoal Metal DetectorCoal CrusherCoal Discharge TripperCoal Service BunkerCoal FeedingCoal Weighing FeederCoal Rotary FeederCoal Screw FeederMaterial Handing (Ash)Bed AshBed Ash CoolerBed Ash ConveyorBed Ash Bucker ConveyorBed Ash TankBed Ash ScreenBed Ash Tank Dust CollectorBed Ash Recycle Seal Rotary FeederTruck TransportationFly AshFly Ash Pressure TransporterFly Ash BlowerFly Ash TankFly Ash Tank Vent FilterFly Ash Humidifier Rotary ValveFly Ash HumidifierTruck Transportation

Boiler (CFB)

Circulating Fluidized Bed BoilerComponent :Wind box and grid nozzle : primary air is fed into wind box. Air is equally distributed on furnace cross section by passing through the grid nozzle. This will help mixing of air and fuel for completed combustion.Bottom ash drain : coarse size of ash that is not take away from furnace by fludizing air will be drain at the bottom ash drain port locating on grid nozzle floor by gravity. Bottom ash will be cooled and conveyed to silo by cooling conveyorHigh Pressure Blower : supply high pressure air to fluidize bed material in loop seal so that it can overflow to furnaceeCirculating Fluidized Bed BoilerCyclone separator : located after furnace exit and before convective part. Use to provide circulation by trapping coarse particle back to the furnace. Fluidized boiler, without this, would be BFB (Bubble Fluidize Bed), not CFB.Wing Evaporative : located on upper zone of furnace.Fuel Feeding System : solid fuel is fed into the lower zone of furnace through the screw conveyor cooling with combustion air.Refractory : is used to protect the pressure part from the serious erosion zone, such as lower bed, cyclone separatorCFB arrangementCFB Loop :Furnace or riserGas Solid Separation (Cyclone)Solid Recycle System (Loop Seal)Convective Heat Transfer / Back Pass :SuperheaterGas Air HeaterEconomizerCFB arrangementAir System :Primary Air Fan to Gas Air Heater 1Secondary Air Fan to Gas Air Heater 2High Pressure Blower to Wind BoxFlue Gas Stream :Induced Draft Fan, from Bag Filter to StackCoal Stream :Coal Feed :Fuel BunkerBed BunkerWall SealCoal Ash :Bottom Ash BunkerFly Ash BunkerCFB BoilerWater-Steam Circuit :EconomizerSteam DrumEvaporatorSuperheaterFuel FlexibilitySome fuels a CFB can fire :Coal : anthracite, bituminous, sub-bituminous, ligniteCoal residue : bituminous gob, anthracite culm, coal slurry, mill rejects, washery wasteWood residue : bark, wood chips, saw dust, forest residue, demolition wasteSludge : paper mill, de-inking, municipal, gasifier finesMunicipal waste : refuse derived fuel, garbage, waste paper, shredded tiresPetroleum product : oil, delayed coke, fluid coke, oil shaleGas : off gas, natural, other gasesAgricultural waste : straw, olive waste, huskAnthracite : batubara yang paling keras dan paling tua umurnya. Bila dibakar, menghasilkan panas yang lebih tinggiBituminous : batubara yg medium keras dan umurnya serta panasnya bila dibakar.Lignite : batubara yang paling lunak dan paling muda umurnya, serta panasnya bila dibakarBituminous gob : residu dari pembakaran bituminousAnthracite culm : residu dari pembakaran anthraciteBark : kulit pohon sebagai limbah dari pengolahan kayuDemolition waste : limbah dari penghancuran bangunanDe-inking : hasil pembuangan tinta dari pengolahan kertas bekasGasifier fines : fraksi berat dari pengolahan gasDelayed coke : residu berat dari pengolahan minyak / batu bara yang kualitas grafit-nya tinggiFluid coke : residu berat dari pengolahan minyak / batu bara yang kualitas grafit-nya rendahStraw : jeramiHusk : gabah, kulit jagung11Advantage of CFB BoilerHigh combustion efficiencyGood solid mixingLow unburned loss by cycloneFly ash recirculationLong combustion zoneIn situ sulfur removalFadsfdsafFdasfdasfdasfdsa

Low nitrogen oxide emission

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Power Plant OperationCold StartNormal OperationNormal ShutdownHot Shutdown / TripHot RestartMalfunction and EmergencyCold StartAll maintenance work have been completely doneAll function test have been checkedCooling water system is operatingCompressed air system is operatingWater Treatment / Make up water system is operatingClosed Cooling Water System is operatingTurbine Turning is operatingWater Filling / Condensate System in serviceCombustion Air System in service / MFT resetFly Ash transport in serviceFuel oil & LPG system in serviceFeed Water / Main Steam System in operationAuxiliary Steam Supply from main steam line / Blow Down SystemSand & Limestone feeding systemMain Steam Temperature controller in serviceInitial ignition of coal / Coal Fuel SystemAsh disposal / drainage system startCondenser vacuumShift to 100% coal firingTurbine bypass startTurbine start up / synchronizationAuxiliary steam system in serviceStart up complete