basic assessment report - idm consultants · 2016-05-16 · qualifications: bsc (geology and soil...

BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT

SAND MINING PERMIT APPLICATION

Application to mine Silica Sand over an approximate 5ha section of the Tugela River, over part of REM Sunbury

No. 6610 and part of Reserve no. 21 No 15841 situated within the Mandeni (Endondakusaka) Municipality,

KwaZulu Natal.

Prepared on behalf of Hlanga Sand Mining (Pty) Ltd by

April 2016

2 | H l a n g a S a n d M i n i n g : T u g e l a R i v e r : B a s i c A s s e s s m e n t ( D R A F T )

DETAILS OF THE INDEPENDENT

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PRACTITIONER (EAP)

Compiled by:

EAP: Michael Haslett

Qualifications: BSc (Geology and Soil Science) (UKZN) • MRM (Masters Mineral Resource Management)

(UFS)

Work Experience: Michael has over thirty years of consulting experience in the mining industry. This has included

the assessment and preparation of feasibility studies, environmental impact assessments (incl.

scoping reports), environmental management programmes and reports, hydrological studies,

and geological investigations.

I, Michael Haslett, declare that this report has been prepared independently of any influence or prejudice as may

be specified by the Department of Mineral Resources.

I hereby confirm that all comments received from I&APs will be included in the Final Basic Assessment Report and

will be submitted to the Kwa-Zulu Natal Department of Mineral Resources (DMR). A record will be kept of all

comments and will be submitted in the form of a Comments and Responses Report.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents Page

No.

1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

1.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 1.2 TERMS OF REFERENCE 1.3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 1.4 ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS 1.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE BASIC ASSESSMENT (BA) PROCESS 1.6 REPORT STRUCTURE 1.7 APPLICABLE LEGISLATION, POLICIES AND GUIDELINES 2 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTIVITY 2.1 PROJECT LOCATION

2.1.1 Co-ordinates 2.1.2 Farm Name 2.1.3 21 Digit Surveyor General

2.2 ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION 2.2.1 Extent of development 2.2.2 Description of the proposed activity 2.2.3 Access to the site 2.2.4 Existing Situation

2.3 DURATION OF ACTIVITY 2.4 CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES

2.4.1 Activity alternatives 2.4.2 Location alternatives 2.4.3 Layout Alternatives 2.4.4 Scheduling alternatives 2.4.5 Infrastructure alternatives 2.4.6 Input Alternatives 2.4.7 “No-go” alternative

3 SITUATION ASSESSMENT OF PROJECT AREA AND AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3.1 CLIMATE 3.2 LANDSCAPE CHARECTERISTICS 3.3 FAUNA 3.4 WATER MANAGEMENT AREAS 3.5 FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM PRIORITY AREAS 3.6 PHOTOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW OF THE SITE 3.7 SITES WITH ARCHEALOGICAL INTEREST 3.8 MINERAL DEPOSITS 3.9 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT


4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

4.2.1 Nature of impact 4.2.2 Extent/Scale 4.2.3 Duration 4.2.4 Intensity 4.2.5 Probability

4.2.6 Assessment of Potential Impacts 4.2.6.1 Ecological characteristics 4.2.6.2 Soil characteristics and geology 4.2.6.3 Fauna 4.2.6.4 Ground and surface water 4.2.6.5 Archaeological, historical and cultural significance 4.2.6.6 Socio-economic impacts 4.2.6.6 Socio-economic impacts 4.2.6.7 Socio-economic impacts 4.2.6.8 Potential Environmental Impacts

4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT AND SUMMARY ON NEED AND DESIRABILITY 4.3.1 Environmental Impact Statement 4.3.2 Need and Desirability

5 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 5.1 REQUIREMENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REGULATIONS OF 2014 5.1.1 Comments received from the Departments and Stakeholders 5.1.2 Public Participation for the Basic Assessment Report (BAR) 5.1.3 Register of interested and affected parties 5.1.4 Public Meetings 6 SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS OF EAP IMAGES: Location of Project Area Image 1: Example of Pipe Image 2: Example of Floating Barge, Pump and Pipe System Image 3: Example of Temporary sand berm Image 4: Example of Pipe outlet into stockpile area Image 5: Example of a small dredge with a floating polyprop pipeline that pumps to a discharge pad Image 6: Schematic section diagram of dredge extracting sand from riverbed Image 7: Access Road Image 9: Existing activities Image 10: Elevated view across project area looking northeast Image 11: Looking south from Municipal draw-point Image 12: Municipal Pump Point adjacent to access ramp Image 13: Northern section of project area from access ramp Image 14: River access ramp looking west TABLES: Table 1: Triggered Activities Table 2: Applicable Legislation


Table 3: Advantages and Disadvantages of the proposed development Table 4: Public Participation Process (PPP) ANNEXURES: A: Locality Map B: Sketch Plan APPENDICES: 1: Application BA 2: Mining Operations 3: Rehabilitation and Close-Out Plan 4: Specialist Report 5: Public Participation Process 6. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)


1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION

1.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

An application to mine Silica Sand along a 4.7 ha section of the Tugela River, over the REMAINDER of the

farm SUNBURY No.6610 and part of Reserve no. 21 No 15841 situated within the Mandeni

(Endondakusaka) Municipality, KwaZulu Natal, has been submitted to the Department of Mineral

Resources (DMR) under reference ………………………. on behalf of Hlanga Sand Mining (Pty) Ltd

(Appendix 1).

Note: All appendices shall appear after all the Annexures to this report.

The location of the project area, relative to the Mandeni Local Municipality, is depicted below and expanded

on in per locality map as Annexure A hereto. The proposed mining site is situated in and around the Tugela

River on the KwaZulu Natal North Coast, per detailed sketch plan enclosed as Annexure B of this report.

Location of Project Area


The Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations of 2014 promulgated in terms of Section 24(5) of the

National Environmental Management Act, (Act No. 107 of 1998) as amended, requires Environmental

Authorisation from the competent authority (KwaZulu-Natal Department of Mineral Resources) for activities

listed in Government Notices R 983, R 984 and R 985 which pertain to mining. Table 1 below identifies the

activity that has been triggered for the proposed development.

Table 1: Triggered Activities

Activity

Number

Description Impact on the

proposed project

Activity 21

(GN R983)

Any activity including the operation of that activity which requires a mining permit in

terms of section 27 of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 2002

(Act No. 28 of 2002), including associated infrastructure, structures and earthworks

directly related to the extraction of a mineral resource, including activities for which an

exemption has been issued in terms of section 106 of the Mineral and Petroleum

Resources Development Act, 2002 (Act No. 28 of 2002).

The proposed activity

will require a mining

permit from DMR as it

involves the mining of

silica sand from a

portion of the Tugela

River

1.2 TERMS OF REFERENCE

Regulation 19 of the Environmental Impact Assessment (‘EIA”) Regulations of 2014 determines that a Basic

Assessment Procedure must be followed for all activities listed in Government Notice R 983 and 985. IDM

Environmental has been appointed as the independent Environmental Assessment Practitioner (EAP) by

the applicant and will therefore be responsible for the Basic Assessment procedures concerned with the

proposed development, as specified in Sections 19 and 20 of Government Notice R982 promulgated in

terms of Section 24(5) of the National Environmental Management Act, (Act No. 107 of 1998), as amended.

According to the 2014 EIA Regulations, activities related to the following must be handled by the competent

authority which is the Department of Mineral Resources:

a. Prospecting or exploration of a mineral or petroleum resource; or

b. Extraction and primary processing of a mineral or petroleum resource

1.3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

The overall approach to this assignment included the following activities:

Application for Environmental Authorisation to the Department regarding the proposed sand mining

activity on a portion of the Tugela River.


A detailed analysis of the proposed project, the area where it will take place, and the identification

of potential impacts.

All legislative requirements in terms of the EIA Regulations and to provide the Department with

sufficient information to make an informed decision regarding the project.

1.4 ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS

The following assumptions and limitations apply to the EIA Process:

The EIA project team is of the view that an adequate level of information is provided in order to

facilitate the required assessment of potential impacts of the proposed project and the decision-

making process required to be followed in respect thereof.

The study, culminating in this report, has required inter alia the assessment of impacts on the

current conservation value of the Tugela River, and not on either the historic or potential future

conservation value.

1.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE BASIC ASSESSMENT (BA) PROCESS

The objective of the basic assessment (‘BA’) process is to ensure a consultative process in order to:

a) Determine the policy and legislative context within which the proposed activity is located and how the

activity complies with and responds to the policy and legislative context;

b) Identify the alternatives considered, including the activity, location, and technology alternatives;

c) Describe the need and desirability of the proposed alternatives,

d) Through the undertaking of an impact and risk assessment process, inclusive of cumulative impacts which

focus on determining the geographical, physical, biological, social, economic, heritage, and cultural

sensitivity of the sites and locations within sites, and the risk of impact of the proposed activity and

technology alternatives on the these aspects to determine-

i. The nature, significance, consequence, extent, duration, and probability of the impacts occurring; and

ii. The degree to which these impacts-

(aa) can be reversed;

(bb) may cause irreplaceable loss of resources; and

(cc) can be avoided, managed or mitigated;

e) Through a ranking of the site sensitivities and possible impacts the activity and technology alternatives will

impose on the sites and location identified through the life of the activity to-

i. Identify and motivate a preferred site, activity and technology alternative;

ii. Identify suitable measures to avoid, manage or mitigate identified impacts; and

iii. Identify residual risks that need to be managed and monitored.


1.6 REPORT STRUCTURE

The report is structured as follows:

Section 2 consists of a summary description of the proposed activity.

Section 3 provides a description of the environment that may be affected by the activity.

Section 4 consists of a summary of the potential impacts of the proposed activity on the environment.

Section 5 provides describes the public participation process conducted during the scoping phase.

Section 6 provides a summary of the recommendations

Supporting documents, reports, correspondence and other relevant information are contained in various

Appendixes and Annexures, as set out in the introductory Contents Page of this report.

1.7 APPLICABLE LEGISLATION, POLICIES AND GUIDELINES

In addition to the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations of 2014, Table 1.3 below indicates other

applicable legislation that has been considered in the preparation of this Basic Assessment Report.

Table 2: Applicable Legislation

Legislation Relevance to the development

National Water Act (No. 36 of 1998) A Water Use License Application, alternatively a General Authorisation (GA) will

need to be applied for from the Department of Water and Sanitation, as the sand

mining activity will take place within the Tugela River and is located within 500

meters of a wetland.

National Environmental Management Act

(No. 107 of 1998)

This development requires a Basic Assessment to be conducted in terms of the EIA

Regulations of 2014.

National Environmental Management:

Biodiversity Act (No. 10 of 2004)

There is a possibility that the fauna found on site may be impacted upon.

Occupational Health and Safety Act (No. 85

of 1993)

The employer needs to manage his/her staff and crew in strict accordance with the

Occupational Health and Safety Act in order to prevent injuries to the staff.

Provincial Growth and Development Plan The proposed development is aligned with the PGDP as it addresses the first goal

of the PGDP which is that of job creation.

KwaZulu-Natal Heritage Act (No. 4 of 1998) This Act has been put into place to conserve, protect and conserve heritage

resources.


2 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTIVITY

2.1 PROJECT LOCATION

Co-ordinates

The outside figure co-ordinates for the proposed activity are illustrated in Annexure B hereof (Sketch Plan).

Farm Name

The site on which the activity is to take place is over the REMAINDER of the farm SUNBURY No.6610 and

part of Reserve no. 21 No 15841 situated within the Mandeni (Endondakusaka) Municipality, KwaZulu

Natal.

21 Digit Surveyor General

The 21 digit surveyor codes are as follows:

N0ET00000000637100091

N0ET00000000205200103

N0ET00000000205200129

2.2 ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION

Extent of development

The total extent of the project area is approximately for 4.7 ha.

Description of the proposed activity

Note: A more detailed explanation and description of the mining operation is set out in Appendix

2 hereof.

Extraction of sand will be facilitated by the following two mining methods, which methods will either run

unilaterally or simultaneously depending on the nature and extent of operations required.

1) Use of an excavator to skim the sandbars, and stack the sand on the river bed. A front-end loader

and/or excavator will move the sand from the river bed to the stockpile area, from where it will be

despatched.

2) Sand will also be removed from the river itself with a small floating dredge and pump system.

An excavator will be used to access the river bed and sand bars via a ramp. The sandbars will be skimmed

to water level and deeper sediments dredged and/or pumped. Sand will be temporarily piled on the river

bed or sand bar (depending on depth) and systematically transported from the temporary storage position


to the established stockpile site for stockpiling. The Riparian zone will be avoided to ensure that the river

and riverbanks will not be disturbed or diverted. Access and haulage will involve the entry of vehicles (tip-

trucks) for the collection of sand and removal off the site from the stockpile area. Entry is from the R102

along an existing agricultural access road to the edge of the stockpile pad where loading will take place

(Annexure B hereto).

In so far as the barge and pump system is concerned, the mining process involves the use of a floating

barge system which is attached a del pipe of 8 inch HDPE (plastic) with a 8 inch steel suction pipe for

pumping sand from the river to the stockpile area for settling, sieving and transport off the site. The pipe is

kept buoyant above the river bed and floated above the surface by means of a series of floats connecting

from the floating barge to the outlet area (stockpile area). The pipe length itself and the laying thereof,

causes no negative impact or disturbance of the river bed, the river flow, or the river bank.

Image 1: Example of Pipe

The head of the pipe contains a jet and suction mechanism which jets out approximately 35m3 of water an

hour to agitate the sand, which is then simultaneously sucked back into the pipe at 450m3 per hour, thereby

negating any possible silt plume and/or consequential siltation effects downstream of the mining site.

The pipe floats on the river surface, before reaching the river’s edge and banks, where it traverses until it

reaches the stockpile area where the sand is pumped out for stockpiling and distribution. The watery sand

is allowed to settle through the creation of temporary sand berm, and the residue water allowed to seep

back into the sand and/or channelled (gravity fed) back under the berm into the river.


The laying of the pipe has no negative impact on the river, the river bed, the river bank and the stockpile

area, and the quality of the water re-entering the river from the stockpile area, having been naturally filtered

through the clean sand is, therefore, of a better quality than it was when first pumped from the river.

See further details per Appendix 2 hereof

Image 2: Example of Floating Barge, Pump and Pipe System


Image 3: Example of Temporary sand berm

Image 4: Example of Pipe outlet into stockpile area


Image 5: Example of a small dredge with a floating polyprop pipeline that pumps to a discharge pad

Image 6: Schematic section diagram of dredge extracting sand from riverbed

The floating poly-pipe continues from the river bank up the existing piping ramp and over a sand

containment wall and discharges onto the drainage pad. The sand is allowed to settle and moved across

to the adjacent stockpile area. Excess water filters through a sand berm and is channelled back to the river.

The sand storage area (stockpile) is located on Sunbury No.6610 and the sand is then loaded using a front

end loader onto tip-trucks for sale.


In summary, the operational system, comprising the use of an excavator, dredge barge, the pump, the

piping of sand and the driving of the front-end loader/excavator is operated and managed by a certified

diesel mechanic, who is well qualified to effectively attend to all these tasks.

Access to the site

There is one access road to the site as illustrated in Image 7 below.

Access Road: Travel North on the N2 from Durban to Zinkwazi. Take the R102 exit. Travel westwards

towards the establishment of Sand Soucis. Carry on past the establishment for approx. 3 km and turn right

onto a gravel farm road for 8km until you reach the stockpile area.

Image 7: Access Road

Existing Situation

As indicated in Image 8 below, there are no other activities currently taking place on the proposed site,

other than agriculture (sugar cane), and the existence of a water pump system managed by Ilembe District

Municipality and which system is ……………………………………………………….

The areas adjacent to the site comprise sugar cane fields and remnants of natural vegetation.


Image 9: Existing activities

2.3 DURATION OF ACTIVITY

The mine will operate for a period of two years from the time of issuing of a mining permit, and thereafter

for two further consecutive one year periods, which calculates to a total 4 year operational period.

2.4 CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES

‘Alternatives’ are regarded as considerations for different possible means of meeting the general purpose

and need of a proposed activity. Alternatives could include, amongst others, the following:

Activity Alternatives: This requires a change in the nature of the proposed activity. This alternative

is most appropriate at a strategic decision making level.

Location Alternatives: Alternative locations for the entire project proposal, or for components of the

project proposal.

Layout Alternatives: This alternative allows different spatial configurations of an activity on a

specific site.

Scheduling Alternatives: Also refer to alternative phasing options for the development. This

alternative considers different phasing options during the implementation of the development.

Infrastructure/ Input Alternatives: Also referred to as technological or equipment alternatives. This

option considers various alternatives that will result in the same end result.


Layout and Infrastructure (technology) alternatives are the most pertinent to this EIA process, however all

the above mentioned alternatives are briefly explored in the subsections below as well as the alternative of

maintaining the status quo, commonly known as the “no-go” option.

Activity alternatives

Activity alternatives refer to the consideration of alternatives requiring a change in the nature of the

proposed activity to be undertaken. The site on which the activity is to be undertaken is a 4.7 ha portion of

the Tugela River. Apart from sand mining, agricultural irrigation, domestic water extraction, and livestock

watering, there are no other activities that might be considered.

Location alternatives

Only one location was considered for the proposed sand mining activity, as the applicant only has lawful

access to that area and in particular the proposed stockpile locality area in terms of practical and least

impacting access, as depicted in the locality and site plans enclosed and attached with this report.

In addition, this preferred location has been determined by the applicant as creating the least potentially

negative impact on the environment, especially taking into account the already existing municipal water

pump system and associated municipal infrastructure located in and around the stockpile area and entry

and access points.

The sand mining operation will assist the Municipal pump station by ensuring that the draw-point does not

silt up and the invasive plants in the ramp area will be cleared by the Applicant as part of its rehabilitation

and close out plan (Addendum 3 hereto)

Layout Alternatives

The proposal layout for the sand mining activity will be as per the sketch plan (Annexure B hereto) There

will be one area for stockpiling, with its own access road. There will be no site office. A portable toilet will

be placed 100 metres away from the River, which will be utilised by the mine’s employees. The site has

been minimised to impact the smallest possible area. The site does not allow for functional layout

alternatives.

Scheduling alternatives

The sand mining activity will commence as soon as DMR issues the necessary mining permit. No

scheduling alternatives were therefore considered. The sand mining intensity will be based on the demand

for silica sand in the area, coupled to the influence of weather conditions.


Infrastructure alternatives

Infrastructure alternatives were not considered as the activity to be undertaken is that of sand mining and

no infrastructure will be constructed.

Input Alternatives

The only practical means of sand mining from a river is per a front-end loader and excavator method, and/or

by means of the barge, hose and pump system. Accordingly no other input alternatives were considered.

“No-go” alternative

The “no-go” alternative should in all instances be considered as part of the EIA process. It assumes that

the activity does not proceed, implying a continuation of the current situation of status quo. Should this

permit not be granted, no socio-economic benefits will be created in terms of job creation and local

economic development in relation to developing physical infrastructure in the area shall be curtailed.

3 SITUATION ASSESSMENT OF PROJECT AREA AND AFFECTED

ENVIRONMENT

Note: The sub-sections set out in the section below should be read in conjunction with the specialist

report enclosed herewith as Appendix 4.

3.1 CLIMATE

Mid-summer (January) monthly means of daily maximum temperatures generally range from about 26°C

to 28°C, with the highest values of up to 32°C occurring in the valleys while in the high Drakensberg

mountains they seldom exceed 20°C (Schulze, 1997). The Drakensberg mountains also record the lowest

monthly means of daily minimum temperatures, with sub-zero means of minima not uncommon in July.

Unlike the Drakensberg range of mountains, the coastal areas are fairly cool during mid-winter with means

of daily minimum temperatures averaging about 20°C in July.

3.2 LANDSCAPE CHARECTERISTICS

The area is characterized by gentle rolling hills and is dominated by cultivated sugar cane fields. At present

the KwaZulu–Natal Coastal Belt is affected by an intricate mosaic of extensive sugarcane fields, timber

plantations with interspersed secondary Aristida grasslands, thickets and patches of coastal thornveld. The

banks of the river are characterised by invasive Arundo donax, Giant or Spanish Reed and some Cynodon

Dactylon, couch grass. It largely comprises degraded grassland; degraded thicket and bushveld and

unimproved natural grassland.


3.3 FAUNA

Vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus pygerythrus) and a various common birds which includes red bishops

(euplectes orix), bronze manikins (lanchura cucullata), house sparrows (passer domesticus) and Egyptian

geese (Alopochen aegyptiacus) inhabit the surrounding natural vegetation.

3.4 WATER MANAGEMENT AREAS

Note: The sub-sections set out in the section below should be read in conjunction with the

specialist report enclosed herewith as Appendix 4

Through South Africa’s National Water Act of 1998 (NWA), the Thukela catchment is now a designated

Water Management Area; one of 19 in South Africa. The arid and often erosive landscape, coupled with

overgrazing and extreme pressure on natural resources has led to the loss of vegetative cover, erosion,

and sedimentation.

The average annual sediment load at the Thukela Mouth has been estimated at 5.5 million tons. The aquatic

riverine environment has been significantly modified in certain areas by development pressure on the river

system. High sediment loads are produced, particularly from areas degraded by overgrazing. Acid mine

drainage and related treatment result in high levels of TDS.

Land use activities impact on sustainability of freshwater and estuarine habitats and resources.

As part of the “Thukela Reserve Determination Study” (2004b), a comprehensive water resource

evaluation assessment indicated a substantial surplus in the uThukela WMA even after meeting the

Reserve requirements.

Lower uThukela V40, V50 uThukela Portion of Ilembe; Portion of Mzinyathi

This region consists of the tertiary catchments V40 and V50, and quaternary catchments V33C, V33D and

V60K, and includes the town of Mandini and the Isithebe industrial area.

3.5 FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM PRIORITY AREAS



Freshwater Ecosystem Protected Areas (FEPA’s) according to the Water Research Council are strategic

spatial priorities for conserving freshwater ecosystems and supporting sustainable use of water resources.


Freshwater ecosystems refer to all inland water bodies whether fresh or saline, including rivers, lakes,

wetlands, sub-surface waters and estuaries. FEPAs are often tributaries and wetlands that support hard-

working large rivers, and are an essential part of an equitable and sustainable water resource strategy.

FEPAs need to stay in a good condition to manage and conserve freshwater ecosystems, and to protect

water resources for human use (Water Research Council).

According to the FEPA database, the Tugela River is classified as Class B, which means that the river is

largely natural with a few modifications. It should be noted that a small change in natural habitats and biota

have occurred but the basic ecosystem functions are still predominantly unchanged.

According to the National Water Act (1998), a wetland is defined as “Land which is transitional between

terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface, or the land is

periodically covered with shallow water, and which land, in normal circumstances, supports or would

support vegetation typically adapted to life in saturated soil”. Portions of the Tugela River is characterised

as a Channelled Valley-Bottom Wetlands.

Given that the site falls within 500m of a wetland, a Water Use License Application will need to be applied

for. Section 21(c) “Impeding or diverting the flow of water in a watercourse” and 21(i), “Altering the bed,

banks, course or characteristics of a watercourse” will need to be applied for as the proposed site is within

the Tugela River and within a 500m radius of a number of wetlands. According to the General Authorisation

No.1199 of 18th December 2009, a GA may be excluded if the water use is within a 500 metre radius from

the boundary of any wetland

3.6 PHOTOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW OF THE SITE


Image 10: Elevated view across project area looking northeast

Image 11: Looking south from Municipal draw-point


Image 12: Municipal Pump Point adjacent to access ramp

Image 13: Northern section of project area from access ramp


Image 14: River access ramp looking west

3.7 SITES WITH ARCHEALOGICAL INTEREST

According to the KwaZulu-Natal Heritage Act, Amafa Akwazulu Natali (Heritage KwaZulu-Natal) is required

to comment on the need for an archaeological assessment for proposed developments if:

The development area is larger than 10 000 m2.

The development is longer than 300 m.

The development area contains known archaeological sites.

It should be noted that a desktop study was conducted to identify landmarks and sites over 100 years. It

was found that no landmarks or sites over 100 years are in close proximity to the site.

3.8 MINERAL DEPOSITS

A GIS desktop study for mineral deposits was conducted to identify if there are any mineral deposits in

close proximity to the site. It should be noted that according to the desktop analysis (without having

undertaken detailed high-tech analysis) there appear to be no mineral deposits in close proximity to the

site, other than the silica sand deposits.

3.9 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The impact of the sand mining activity in terms of the socio-economic environment is discussed below:

What is the expected capital value of the activity on completion? Approximately R 3 557 000

What is the expected yearly income that will be generated by or as a result of the activity? Approximately R 3 600 000

Will the activity contribute to service infrastructure? NO Is the activity a public amenity? NO


How many new employment opportunities will be created in the development phase of the activity?

No construction will take place as this is a sand mining activity

What is the expected value of the employment opportunities during the development phase? No construction will take place as this is a sand mining activity

What percentage of this will accrue to previously disadvantaged individuals? No construction will take place as this is a sand mining activity

How many permanent new employment opportunities will be created during the operational phase of the activity?

Approximately 8

What is the expected current value of the employment opportunities during the first 10 years? The duration of the activity will be 2 years

and renewed thereafter for 4 years.

What percentage of this will accrue to previously disadvantaged individuals? 50%

4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT



4.1 INTRODUCTION

The impact assessment aims at identifying potential environmental impacts (both positive and negative

impacts) and evaluating these impacts in terms of its significance. This assessment is provided in the form

of a systematic analysis framework to evaluate the nature, extent, duration, intensity, probability and

significance of the various impacts are considered both without and with mitigation and management

measures.

4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

The assessment of the potential impacts of the envisaged development is undertaken in accordance with

the broad criteria required by the integrated environmental management procedure and includes the

following:

Nature of impact

A brief description of the type of impact the proposed development will have on the affected environment.

Extent/Scale

The physical extent of the impact.

i. Footprint

The impacted area extends only as far as the actual footprint of the activity.

ii. Site

The impact will affect the entire or substantial portion of the site/property.


iii. Local

The impact could affect the area including neighbouring properties and transport routes.

iv. Regional

Impact could be widespread with regional implication.

v. National

Impact could have a widespread national level implication.

Duration

The duration of the impact.

i. Short term

The impact is quickly reversible within a period of one year, or limited to the construction phase, or

immediate upon the commencement of floods.

ii. Medium term

The impact will have a short term lifespan (project lifespan 1 – 10 years).

iii. Long term

The impact will have a long term lifespan (project lifespan > 10 years).

iv. Permanent

The impact will be permanent beyond the lifespan of the development.

Intensity

This criteria evaluates intensity of the impact and are rated as follows:

i. Minor

The activity will only have a minor impact on the affected environment in such a way that the natural

processes or functions are not affected.

ii. Low

The activity will have a low impact on the affected environment

iii. Medium

The activity will have a medium impact on the affected environment, but function and process

continue, albeit in a modified way.

iv. High

The activity will have a high impact on the affected environment which may be disturbed to the extent

where it temporarily or permanently ceases.

v. Very high

The activity will have a very high impact on the affected environment which may be disturbed to the

extent where it temporarily or permanently ceases.

Probability

This describes the likelihood of the impacts actually occurring.

i. Improbable

The possibility of the impact occurring is highly improbable (less than 5% of impact occurring).

ii. Low


The possibility of the impact occurring is very low, due either to the circumstances, design or

experience (between 5% to 20% of impact occurring).

iii. Medium

There is a possibility that the impact will occur to the extent that provision must be made therefore

(between 20% to 80% of impact occurring).

iv. High

There is a high possibility that the impact will occur to the extent that provision must be made

therefore (between 80% to 95% of impact occurring).

v. Definite

The impact will definitely take place regardless of any prevention plans, and there can only be relied

on migratory actions or contingency plans to contain the effect (between 95% to 100% of impact

occurring).

4.2.5.1 Determination of significance

Significance is determined through a synthesis of the various impact characteristics and represents the

combined effect of the extent, duration, intensity and probability of the impacts.

i. No significance

The impact is not substantial and does not require any mitigatory action.

ii. Low

The impact is of little importance, but may require limited mitigation.

iii. Medium

The impact is of importance and therefore considered to have a negative impact. Mitigation is required

to reduce the negative impacts to acceptable levels.

iv. High

The impact is of great importance. Failure to mitigate, with the objective of reducing the impact to

acceptable levels, could render the entire development option or entire project proposal

unacceptable. Mitigation and management is essential.

The following assessment scale is used to determine the significance of the identified potential impacts on

the environment.

Significance = (probability + duration + scale) x intensity

Probability: 1 – 5

Extent: 1 – 5

Duration: 1 – 4

Intensity: 1 – 10

Significance rating criteria

>75 High environmental significance

50 – 75 Medium environmental significance

<50 Low environmental significance


4.2.5.2 Abbreviations for tables listed below:

WOM: Without Mitigation

WM: With Mitigation

O: Operational

C: Construction


Assessment of Potential Impacts

4.2.6.1 Ecological characteristics

Nature Phase Type Extent Duration Intensity Probability WOM

Mitigation WM

1. Impact on functional contribution of the larger ecosystem (e.g. terrestrial bird breeding and feeding, insect breeding and habitat for migrating small game)

O Negative Site Medium Medium Medium High

1. Disturbance of indigenous fauna and flora, and the natural ecology in the surrounding areas must be avoided.

2. Disturbance of mammals, birds, reptiles, other animals and their habitats must be prevented.

Medium

4.2.6.2 Soil characteristics and geology


Mitigation WM

1. Soil stockpiles that are left

unattended.

O Negative Site Short Medium High High

1. Stockpiled topsoil should be used as the final cover for all disturbed areas where re-vegetation is required.

2. Stockpiled soil should be protected by erosion-control berms if exposed for a period of greater than 14 days during the wet season.

3. Soil stockpiles should be located away from drainage lines and areas of temporary inundation.

Low

2. Soil pollution (diesel, oil etc.) during construction.

O Negative Site Short Medium Medium High

1. Should diesel be stored on site, it will need to be stored on a hard surface and 100m away from any drainage lines.

2. Repairs done to construction vehicles should be conducted on hardened surfaces.

3. Under no circumstances should oil or diesel to be disposed of at the site.

4. A Spill Contingency Plan should be adopted.

Low


3. Dust pollution due to exposure to loose soils.

O Negative Site Short Low Medium Medium

1. Soil should be exposed for the minimum time possible once cleared of vegetation, i.e. the timing of clearing and grubbing should be coordinated as much as possible to avoid prolonged exposure of soils to wind and water erosion. The latter will facilitate the succession of indigenous vegetation

Low

4. Compaction of soils by use of site vehicles

O Negative Local Short Low Medium Medium

1. Where roads have become compacted, they shall be ploughed, ripped and re-vegetated.

Low

5. Extraction of bed material in excess of natural replenishment from the barge system and strip mining (excavator).

O Negative Site Medium Low Medium Medium

1. Adequate monitoring levels of how much material is removed from the river beds and pumped onto the surface shall be implemented.

Low

6. Siltation/Sedimentation of watercourses increased turbulence from the barge dredging and influx of dust from the strip mining (excavator)

O Negative Local Medium

Medium

Medium Medium

1. Reduce the turbulence produced from sucking up material from the river bed.

2. Control levelling and compaction during mining activities so to reduce the sedimentation.

3. During flooding, siltation of the river will take place due to increased incidence of erosion of alluvial sand into the river from disturbed areas devoid of vegetation. Mitigation will involve ripping the soil in these areas and planting obligate and facultative wetland species to bind the soil prevent erosion and consequent siltation (once mining activities have ceased in those areas).

4. A suitable stormwater drainage system and containment must be implemented by the PM to prevent soil and silt erosion, protect storage areas, to prevent uncontrolled

Low


stagnant ponds forming and avoid siltation of water resources.

4.2.6.3 Fauna


Mitigation WM

1. Impact on faunal activity on

surrounding properties during activity (e.g. trapping of animals, construction vehicles, etc.).

O Negative Local Short Medium Medium Medium

1. Any fauna found on the stockpile site needs to be relocated to the private conservation area of the development without causing any damage or harm.

2. Any malicious damage to any fauna species present on site will be considered a punishable offence, and the appropriate measures will be followed.

Low

4.2.6.4 Ground and surface water


Mitigation WM

1. Pollution of groundwater/ surface water with typical construction related pollutants such as oil and diesel, and enterobecteria/viruses and plant nutrients if sanitation for mine operators is not properly managed.

O Negative Local Short Medium Medium High

1. No disposal of sewage should occur on or near the site.

2. Chemical toilets must be provided by the contractor in accordance with DWS requirements.

3. Machine maintenance of the equipment to be done on an impermeable surface.

Low

2. Bed degradation and morphology caused by strip mining (excavator) and dredging the river bed

O

Negative Site Medium Medium High Medium

1. Ensure that the mining operation operates within the limits so not to exceed the threshold limit thus in turn degrading the morphology of the river

3. Altering channel hydraulics caused by dredging the river for O

Negative Local Medium Medium High Medium

1. Operate within the thresholds so there isn’t an excess of


sand and by strip mining (excavator)

stockpiles, thus causing less resistance by the river channels causing undercutting causing the bank to collapse.

2. Cause the morphology of the channels to change as less resistance in place.

4.2.6.5 Archaeological, historical and cultural significance


Mitigation WM

1. Impact on sites with valuable archaeological, history and cultural significance

O Negative Site Short Minor Low Medium

1. Should any archaeological artefacts be exposed during excavation, work on the area where the artefacts were found, shall cease immediately and the ECO and Amafa KZN Heritage should be notified as soon as possible.

Low

4.2.6.6 Socio-economic impacts


Mitigation WM

1. Direct employment creation. O Positive Local Short Minor High Medium

No mitigation required Medium

(Positive)

4.2.6.7 Socio-economic impacts


Mitigation WM

1) Potential for increased security risk to adjacent properties and the residents thereof.

O Negative Local Short Medium Low Medium

1. Staff should be informed that access to adjacent properties is strictly off-limits and that it will be deemed a serious offence (i.e. no fences should be jumped at any time and no gates are to be opened without permission from the relevant landowner).

Low


1. Similarly operational activities on site may pose various risks to workers safety.

O Negative Local Short Medium Medium Medium

1. The site and crew are to be managed in strict accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No.85 of 1993) and the National Building Regulations.

Low

4.2.6.8 Potential Environmental Impacts

Nature Phase Type Extent Duration Intensity Probability WOM Mitigation WM

1. Increase in air pollution (dust) 2. Impact on the ambient air

quality due to vehicle tailpipe emissions from increased traffic volumes.

O Negative Local Short Medium High Medium

1. Air filters on all mechanized equipment must be properly designed and maintained.

2. Onsite burning of waste is not permitted.

3. A dust suppression programme should be implemented on the gravel road surfaces of the existing access roads by means of periodic water sprinkling.

Low

3. Increase in ambient noise level

affecting surrounding properties.

O Negative Local Short Low High High

1. Silencers on diesel-powered equipment must be properly designed and maintained.

2. Construction activities should be limited to normal office hours.

3. Adjacent landowners should be notified of extremely noisy activities at least 24 hours prior to such activities commencing.

4. Mining should take place between 07:00- 17:00. Mondays to Fridays.

Low

4. Impact of lighting on

surrounding properties, including light trespass and over-illumination. Apart from being a visual impact, over-illumination is also a waste of energy.

O Negative Local Long Medium High Medium

1. Avoid shiny metals in structures. If possible shiny metal structures should be darkened or screened to prevent glare.

2. Night-time light sources must be directed away from residential areas.

Low


3. Avoid activities outside of normal working hours.

34 | H l a n g a S a n d M i n i n g : T u g e l a R i v e r : B a s i c A s s e s s m e n t

( D R A F T )

4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT AND SUMMARY ON NEED AND

DESIRABILITY

Note: The sub-sections set out in the section below should be read in conjunction with

the specialist report enclosed herewith as Appendix 4

Environmental Impact Statement

The major environmental impacts, which are likely to result from this activity, may be assessed

according to the potential impacts. Such impacts therefore include visual, noise, traffic, social

and biophysical impacts as have previously been mentioned throughout the course of the

chapter. Through the implementation of suitable mitigation measures associated with each of

the possible impacts on surrounding land uses the effect thereof can to a large extent be

mitigated to acceptable levels. Table 4.1 below considers both the advantages and

disadvantages of the proposed development:

Table 3: Advantages and Disadvantages of the proposed development

Advantages Disadvantages

Provides a high grade of sillca sand for building

industry.

The proposed activity is located in the Tugela River

Creates employment. Spillage of diesel, petrol and oil can leads to soil and

water contamination.

Create skills development i.e. educate the

employees of sand mining and how to use

machines.

Potential impact on the Tugela River, without proper

mitigation measures.

Need and Desirability

The sand in the Tugela River is a high grade silica sand (of granitic origin) that will provide good

quality sand to the local building industry for cement and concrete work. The broader socio-

economic benefits of the project include job creation, local economic development through the

availability and affordability of building sand in the area.

The broader Mandeni area has several low cost housing initiatives proposed for the area which

are likely to require cost effective building sand opportunities. There is likely, therefore, to be a

significant demand for high grade building sand in the area.


( D R A F T )

5 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

5.1 REQUIREMENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

REGULATIONS OF 2014

Table 5.1 below outlines the requirements for the public participation process set out in Section

41 of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations as well as the actions taken by the

Environmental Assessment Practitioners (EAP).

The complete Public Participation Process (PPP) undertaken by the applicant for these

purposes is enclosed as Appendix 5 to this report, which Appendix includes all relevant

annexures evidencing the PPP process undertaken.

Table 4: Public Participation Process (PPP)

2014 EIA requirements Action taken by EAP

a. Fixing a notice board at a place conspicuous to the

public at the boundary or on the fence or along the

corridor of

i. the site where the activity to which the

application relates is or is to be

undertaken; and

ii. any alternative site;

Notice boards were placed at various locations on

the site boundary to ensure that it is visible, including

at the site itself and at the entrance to the access

roads.

b. Giving written notice, in any of the manners

provided for in Section 47D of the Act, to –

i. the occupiers of the site and, if the

proponent or applicant is not the owner or

person in control of the site on which the

activity is to be undertaken, the owner or

person in control of the site where the

activity is or is to be undertaken or to any

alternative site where the activity is to be

undertaken;

ii. owners, persons in control of, and

occupiers of land adjacent to the site

where the activity is or is to be undertaken

or to any alternative site where the activity

is to be undertaken;

iii. the municipal councillor of the ward in

which the site or alternative site is situated

A Background Information Document and draft BAR

(including specialist report) was compiled for the

proposed development and distributed to the

surrounding neighbours per registered post.

The BID included some project background details

of the Independent Environmental Assessment

Practitioner as well as the process to be followed

during the EIA.

An invitation to become involved in the project and

to register as a stakeholder was also included in the

Background Information Document. (Appendix 5)

Notices of a public meeting and consultation

process were placed on the Ilembe District

Municipality and Mandeni Local Municipality &

library Notice Boards, and the BID, draft BAR and

specialist report were made available on the EAP


( D R A F T )

and any organisation of ratepayers that

represents the community in the area;

iv. the municipality which has jurisdiction in

the area;

v. any organ of state having jurisdiction in

respect of any aspect of the activity; and

vi. any other party as required by the

competent authority.

website and hard copy placed at the Mandeni

Library (Appendix 5)

Letters as well as copies of the Background

Information Document (BID), including reference

and access to the draft BAR, and specialist report,

were sent to all relevant Governmental and quait

government Departments and Organisations who

might have an interest in or be affected by the

proposed development to invite them to comment

on the proposed development. Copies of the

Waybills are included. (Appendix 5)

c. Placing an advertisement in –

i. one local newspaper; or

ii. ii. any official Gazette that is published

specifically for the purpose of providing

public notice of applications or other

submissions made in terms of these

Regulations; and

The EIA process was advertised in the Stanger

Weekly. (Appendix 5)

Comments received from the Departments and Stakeholders

The comments received from the Department and stakeholders regarding the BID and draft

BAR are included in the Comments and Response Report enclosed in the PPP report as

Appendix 5

Public Participation for the Basic Assessment Report (BAR)

Copies of the PPP and meeting notice, draft BAR; BID and Specialist Report were made

available to the following Departments for comment:

Mandeni Local Municipality: Environmental Management

Ilembe District Municipaity, including pump water works representative

Department of Water and Sanitation

Department of Agriculture and Rural Development

Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife

Traditional Authority

Department of Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs

Other……


( D R A F T )

Register of interested and affected parties

According to the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations of 2014, a register of

interested and affected parties must be kept during the EIA process. Appendix 5 includes a

copy of the register of Interested and Affected Parties.

Public Meetings

IDM Environmental hosted a public meeting on the 12th May 2016 at the Mathonsi Tribal Court

(Mandeni). The attendance register and minutes of the meeting are included in Appendix 5.

6 SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS OF EAP

Note: The sub-sections set out in the section below should be read in conjunction with

the specialist report enclosed herewith as Appendix 4

It is the opinion of the Environmental Assessment Practitioner that the project can be supported

on condition that the Mitigation and Management measures described in Section 4 and the

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) – Appendix 6 hereto, read with those proposed by

the specialist consultant (Appendix 4) should be strictly adhered.

A variety of mitigation measures have been identified that will serve to mitigate the scale,

intensity, duration or significance of the impacts which have a medium to high significance

rating. The proposed mitigatory measures, if implemented, will reduce the significance of the

majority of the identified impacts to "low", and allow for the proposed project to proceed with

minimal effect to the environment, local community and surrounding land use practice.

IDM Environmental recommend the following:

The mining volume be based on measured annual replenishment;

Elaborated on per Appendix 2 hereto

Limit in-stream mining methods to bar skimming;

Elaborated on per Appendix 2 hereto

Extract sand and gravel from the downstream 2/3rds portion of the sand bar;

Concentrate in-stream extraction activities to minimise area of disturbance;

Review cumulative effects of sand and gravel extraction;

Maintain river channel flood discharge capacity;

Minimise activities that release fine sediment to the river;

Retain riparian buffer at edge of water and against river bank;

Limit in-stream operation to the period between April and November and during dry

season only;


( D R A F T )

Any decision regarding the granting of authorization of this activity should also be subject to the

implementation of all the management recommendations as contained in the Environmental

Management Programme (EMP).

basic assessment report - idm consultants · 2016-05-16 · qualifications: bsc (geology and soil...

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