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Bi tp ln H Thng Vin Thng2015

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NIVIN IN T VIN THNG====o0o====

BO CO BI TP LNH THNG VIN THNG

Tm hiu giao thc truyn thng v tuyn theo chun Bluetooth Low EnergyNhm:Nguyn Vn HinNguyn Vit HngNguyn Khnh HngNguyn Vn MinhTrng Vn Sang2012552920125593201255902012567820125742

GVHD:Nguyn Thnh ChuynPhng Th Kiu H

H Ni, 03/2015Mc lcI.Mc lc2II.Phn Cng Cng Vic3III.Tm Hiu Chung V Bluetooth:41.S Lc42.Tn Gi V Logo43.c tnh k thut44.Cc ng dng ca bluetooth55.Cc phin bn Bluetooth75.1Bluetooth v1.0 v v1.0B75.2Bluetooth v1.175.3Bluetooth v1.275.4Bluetooth v2.0 + EDR85.5Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR85.6Bluetooth v3.0 + HS95.7Bluetooth v4.0105.8Bluetooth v4.1115.9Bluetooth v4.212IV.Tm hiu su v Bluetooth Low Energy121.Gii thiu s lc122.Tnh tng thch133.Phn khc th trng134.c im k thut135.ng dng156.H thng x l177.Tc ng ti pin18

Phn Cng Cng VicSTTH TnCng Vic

1Nguyn Vn HinSo snh gia Bluetooth truyn thng v Bluetooth Smart

2Nguyn Vit HngS lc v c im k thut

3Nguyn Khnh HngTm hiu chung v Bluetooth

4Nguyn Vn MinhTm hiu cc phin bn Bluetooth

5Trng Vn Sangng dng ca Bluetooth Smart vo i sng

Tm Hiu Chung V Bluetooth:S LcBluetooth l mt chun cng ngh khng dy dng trao i d liu khong cch ngn (s dng sng radio UHF c bc sng ngn trong bng tn ISM 2,4 n 2,485 GHz). Bluetooth c pht minh bi nh cung cp vin thng Ericsson vo nm 1994 (hin nay lSony Ericssonv Ericsson Mobile Platforms). Ban u n c hnh thnh nhm thay th cho cp d liu RS-232. Bluetooth c th kt ni nhiu thit b v khc phc cc vn v ng b ha. Hin nay Bluetooth c qun l bi Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), bao gm 25000 cng ty thnh vin trong cc lnh vc vin thng, my tnh, mng v cc thit b in t tiu dng. T chc IEEE chun ha Bluetooth thnh chun IEEE 802.15.1Tn Gi V LogoThut ng Bluetooth c t theo tn ca 1 v vua ngi an Mch, Harald Bluetooth, ngi Viking thng nht cc b tc an Mch v 1 mi. Ci tn ny c xut vo nm 1997 bi Jim Kardach, ngi pht trin 1 h thng cho php in thoi di ng c th giao tip c vi my tnh. ngha m Jim Kardach mun cp n l Bluetooth s lin kt cc giao thc truyn thng v 1 mi. Logo Bluetooth l mt ch tng hnh Scandinavi, gm Hagall () v Bjarkan (), gp li thnh Harald-h nh vua.c tnh k thutBluetooth hot ng trong di tn 24002483.5 MHz. Bluetooth s dng mt cng ngh v tuyn gi l tri ph nhy tn (frequency-hopping spread spectrum), trong Bluetooth s chia nh d liu cn chuyn thnh nhiu gi, v truyn tng gi vo 1 trong 79 knh nh sn. Mi knh c bng thng l 1 MHz *Bluetooth 4.0 (hay cn gi l Bluetooth Low Energy) s dng 40 knh, mi knh c bng thng 2 Mhz*. Knh u tin tn s 2402 MHz, v c th cho ti 2480 MHz, mi bc nhy chim 1 MHz. Thng th Bluetooth thc hin 1600 bc nhy mi giy.Cc ng dng ca bluetooth iu khin v giao tip khng dy gia mt in thoi di ng vtai nghekhng dy. iu khin v giao tip khng dy gia mt in thoi di ng v h thng m thanh xe hi tng thch bluetooth iu khin v giao tip khng dy gia my tnh bng v loa trn cc thit b iOS v Android Tai nghe khng dy bluetooth v intercom Truyn m thanh khng dy ti tai nghe m khng cn kh nng giao tip Mng khng dy gia cc my tnh c nhn trong khng gian hp v i hi t bng thng Giao tip khng dy vi cc thit b xut, nhp ca my tnh nh chut, bn phm, my in. Truyn cc tp tin, danh b, lch hn, nhc nh gia cc thit b bng giao thc OBEX Thay th chuyn giao tip dng dy truyn thng RS-232 trong cc thit b o c, b thu GPS, thit b y t, my qut m vch, v cc thit b iu khin giao thng Dng thay th cc thit b iu khin dng hng ngoi c dng bi nhng ng dng yu cu bng thng thp, khng cn dng n bng thng USB m u tin kt ni khng dy Gi mu nh qung co t bng qung co h tr bluetooth ti nhng thit b bluetooth xung quanh m n d c Cu ni khng dy gia 2 mng Ethernet cng nghip, v d nh PROFINET iu khin t xa cho cc thit b chi game nh Wii ca Nintendo, Play Station ca Sony hay Xbox ca Microsoft. Kt ni mng quay s cho my tnh hay PDA s dng in thoi di ng thay cho modem. Truyn ti d liu khong cch ngn t thit b cm bin sc khe ti in thoi di ng, thit b gii m truyn hnh, hoc thit b dnh ring cho chm sc sc khe t xa Cho php 1 in thoi DECT gi v tr li cuc gi vi mt in thoi di ng gn H thng nh v thi gian thc (RTLS), c s dng theo di v xc nh v tr ca i tng. ng dng trong vic bo mt c nhn trn in thoi di ng phng chng mt cp. Nu nh mt vt c gn vi 1 thit b bluetooth, v n lun lun thit lp kt ni ti in thoi di ng. Nu nh kt ni b ngt, th chung bo ng s reo ln. Thm ch iu ny cn c th p dng vi ngi. Sn phm s dng cng ngh ny xut hin trn th trng t nm 2009 Ti thnh ph Calgary, thuc tnh Alberta, Canada; ngi ta ng dng bluetooth vo vic iu tit giao thng bng cch s dng d liu thu thp t cc thit b bluetooth ca khch du lch d on thi gian di chuyn, n tc giao thng cho ngi li xe Truyn m thanh khng dy, l s thay th ng tin cy cho pht FM

Cc phin bn BluetoothBluetooth v1.0 v v1.0B Ra i vo thng 7 nm 1999, phin bn 1.0 v sau ny l 1.0B c rt nhiu vn , cc nh sn xut gp rt nhiu kh khn khi mun lm cho sn phm ca h tng thch. Phin bn 1.0 v 1.0B cng bao gm a ch thit b phn cng Bluetooth bt buc (BD_ADDR) truyn trong qu trnh kt ni (biu din n danh l iu khng th tng giao thc). l mt tr ngi ln cho cc dch v mun s dng mi trng Bluetooth. Phin bn Bluetooth 1.0 u tin c a ra th trng vi tc kt ni ban u l 1Mbps. Tuy nhin, trn thc t tc kt ni ca th h ny cha bao gi t qu mc 700Kbps.Bluetooth v1.1 Ra i nm 2001, phin bn Bluetooth 1.1 ra i, nh du bc pht trin mi ca cng ngh Bluetooth trn nhiu lnh vc khc nhau vi s quan tm ca nhiu nh sn xut mi. Cng trong nm ny, Bluetooth c bnh chn l cng ngh v tuyn tt nht nm. c bit n l chun IEEE 802.15.1-2002 Nhiu li c tm thy bn 1.0B c sa H tr thm cc knh khng m ha p dng tnh nng RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)Bluetooth v1.2 Ra mt nm 2003, phin bn ny bao gm nhiu ci tin quan trng nh: Chun ny hot ng da trn nn bng tn 2.4 Ghz v tng cng kt ni thoi. Motorola RARZ l th h di ng u tin tch hp Bluetooth 1.2. Tm kim thit b v kt ni nhanh hn p dng tnh nng tri ph nhy tn thch ng (Adaptive frequency-hopping spread spectrum), gip ci thin kh nng chng nhiu tn s v tuyn bng cch trch s dng cc tn s dn s. Tc truyn trong thc t c ci thin, ln ti 721 kbit/s, nhanh hn so vi v2.1 p dng tnh nng m rng kt ni ng b (Extended Synchronous Connections), gip nng cao cht lng thoi bng cch cho php gi li cc gi d liu b li, v c th ty chnh nng cao tr m thanh vic truyn d liu c tt hn p dng giao din iu khin cho my ch vn hnh vi b thu pht khng ng b 3 dy c bit n l chun IEEE 802.15.1-2005 Gii thiu c ch iu khin lung v truyn li cho L2CAPBluetooth v2.0 + EDR Phin bn ny c tung ra vo thng 11 nm 2004. S khc bit chnh l tnh nng tng cng t l d liu (Enhanced Data Rate) truyn d liu nhanh hn. Trn l thuyt EDR ri vo khong 3 Mbit/s, mc d tc truyn ti d liu thc t l 2,1 Mbit/s. EDR l s kt hp ca GFSK v PSK vi hai bin th, /4-DQPSK v 8DPSK. EDR tiu th in nng thp hn bng cch gim mt chu k nhim v. Ngoi EDR, cc c im k thut ca phin bn 2.0 c nhiu ci tin nh khc. c im k thut c xut bn Bluetooth 2.0 + ERD,ng rng ERD l mt tnh nng ty chn. Ngoi ERD Bluetooth c mt vi ci tin nh khc Cc thit b tiu biu ng dng Bluetooth 2.0 + ERD l: Apple iPhone, HTC Touch Pro v T-Mobiles Android G1.Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR Phin bn ny c thng qua bi Bluetooth SIG vo ngy 26 thng 7 nm 2007. Nhng tnh nng ng ch ca phin bn 2.1 l tnh nng bo mt ghp ni n gin (secure simple pairing): n gip nng cao tri nghim khi ghp ni gia cc thit b Bluetooth nh n gin ha, ngoi ra nng cao tnh bo mt. Phin bn 2.1 cng bao gm nhiu ci tin khc, trong phi k n 2 tnh nng: p ng yu cu m rng (Extended inquiry response) cung cp thm thng tin trong sut qu trnh yu cu, cho php lc cc thit b tt hn trc khi kt ni; v tnh nng sniff subrating gip lm gim in nng tiu th ch cng sut thp. y chnh l th h nng cp ca Bluetooth 2.0. Bluetooth 2.1 c hiu nng cao hn v tit kim nng lng hn. Chun ny ch yu c s dng trong trong in thoi, my tnh v cc thit b di ng khc. Tuy nhin, Bluetooth 2.1 khng cho php truyn cc file ln vi tc cao. Do , nu ngi dng mun chuyn cc file dung lng ln n 1-2GB t my tnh sang in thoi th ch c th kt ni hai thit b ny bng dy cm USB hoc bng th nh .Bluetooth v3.0 + HS Phin bn 3.0 c thng qua bi Bluetooth SIG vo ngy 21 thng 4 nm 2009. Phin bn ny cung cp tc truyn d liu trn l thuyt ln ti 24Mbit/s. Tnh nng chnh ca phin bn ny l a ch vt l/MAC thay th (Alternative MAC/PHY), b sung chun 802.11 nhm nng cao tc truyn. Phn + HS tn gi thc cht m ch vic h tr bluetooth trn nn 802.11 Phn di y s ni r hn v cc tnh nng ni tri ca Bluetooth phin bn 3.0: Ch nng cao L2CAP. Ch truyn li tng cng (Enhanced Retransmission Mode) thit lp cc knh L2CAP tin cy, trong khi ch lung (Streaming Mode) thit lp cc knh khng truyn li hoc khng c c ch iu khin lung. a ch vt l/MAC thay th: Cho php s dng a ch vt l/MAC thay th truyn ti d liu. Mc d cc di tn ca Bluetooth vn c dng tm kim thit b, khi to kt ni v cu hnh. Nhng mt khi c 1 s lng ln d liu cn gi i, a ch vt l/MAC thay th 802.11(c bit n l WIFI) s m nhn trch nhim gi d liu. Nh vy, Bluetooth s dng cc m hnh kt ni tc thp khi h thng nhn ri, v s dng m hnh kt ni tc cao khi c nhiu d liu cn gi. Tnh nng ny i hi ch nng cao L2CAP. Truyn thng n hng khng kt ni: Cho php gi d liu dch v m khng cn thit lp 1 knh L2CAP. Tnh nng ny c thit k dnh cho cc ng dng i hi tr thp gia cc thao tc ngi dng vi vic truyn li/kt ni li d liu. Tnh nng trn ch thch hp khi cn truyn 1 lng nh d liu Bng tn siu rng. Tuy nhin nhc im ca chun ny l phm vi hiu qu ny ch trong vng 10m.Bluetooth v4.0 Bluetooth SIG hon thin phin bn 4.0 v thng qua vo ngy 30 thng 6 nm 2010. Bluetooth 4.0 c nhiu c im chung vi chun 3.0, nhng ngoi kh nng truyn d liu tc cao ln ti 25 Mb/giy, Bluetooth 4.0 cn b sung thm kh nng truyn d liu dung lng nh trong phm vi ngn (8-27 byte tc 1Mbps) vi mc tiu th in nng rt thp gip tit kim nng lng so vi chun c. N gm 3 loi giao thc: Bluetooth truyn thng, Bluetooth tc cao v Bluetooth Low Energy. Trong , Bluetooth tc cao da trn nn tng Wi-Fi, Bluetooth truyn thng da trn cc giao thc Bluetooth c Bluetooth Low Energy, tin thn l Wibree, l 1 tp con ca Bluetooth 4.0 vi 1 lot cc giao thc hon ton mi vi mc ch nhanh chng dng nn cc kt ni n gin. L 1 s thay th cho cc giao thc tiu chun c gii thiu trong cc phin bn Bluetooth 1.0 n 3.0, Bluetooth 4.0 nhm n nhng ng dng s dng t nng lng. Cc tn Wibree v Bluetooth ULP (Power Ultra Low) dn b lng qun, thay vo ci tn BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) c nhiu ngi bit n hn. Cui nm 2011, logo mi "Bluetooth Smart Ready" cho thit b pht v "Bluetooth Smart" cho cc b thu c tung ra th trng. Thit k chip cho php 2 kiu thc thi: ch n v ch i: Vi loi thc thi ch n, ch c cc tp lnh tip kim nng lng c thc thi. STMicroelectronics, AMICCOM, CSR, Nordic Semiconductor v Texas Instruments l cc cng ty cho ra mt cc gii pht bluetooth tit kim nng lng ch n. Vi loi thc thi ch kp, cc chc nng ca Bluetooth 4.0 c tch hp vo 1 b iu khin Bluetooth truyn thng sn c. Vo thng 3 nm 2011, cc cng ty bn dn cng b cc sn phm p ng y cc yu cu k thut: Qualcomm-Atheros, CSR, Broadcom v Texas Instruments. Chi ph gim n ch chip,cho php thit b tch hp cao v nh gn,tnh nng mt lp lin kt nh cung cp in cc thp cho ch hot ng.Thit b n gin v truyn a v tr dng im ng tin cy nng cao sc mnh lu v kt ni c m ha bo mt vi chi ph thp nht c th. Cc ci tin ni chung trong phin bn 4.0 bao gm cc thay i cn thit to iu kin cho ch BLE, Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) v Security Manager (SM) s dng m ha AES. Cc hp ng b xung k thut c k vo 12 thng 2 nm 2013Bluetooth v4.1 Bluetooth SIG cng b nhng c im k thut ca phin bn 4.1 vo ngy 4 thng 12 nm 2013. Phin bn ny l 1 bn cp nht phn mm cho Bluetooth 4.0, ch khng phi cp nht phn cng. Tng cng s h tr cho LTE . Nhng tnh nng ni tri ca phin bn ny bao gm: Dch v in thoi di ng khng dy Qung co nh hng nh hng kt ni L2CAP v cc knh chuyn dng vi c ch iu khin lung mi Ch kp v cu trc lin kt ca n Cu trc lin kt ca lp lin kt Low Energy H tr 802.11 chun n Cp nht kin trc m thanh cho i thoi bng tn rng D liu qung co khong cch ngn Gim thi gian d thit b Pht hin gii hn thi gianBluetooth v4.2 Bluetooth 4.2 c pht hnh vo ngy 02 thng 12 nm 2014. N gii thiu mt s tnh nng quan trng cho IOT v l mt bn cp nht phn cng. Tuy nhin, mt s phn cng Bluetooth c c th nhn c mt s tnh nng Bluetooth 4.2, chng hn nh cp nht bo mt thng qua firmware. Cc ci tin chnh l: M rng chiu di gi tin d liu Low Enery Kt ni an ton nng Low Energy Lp lin kt ring bit Tng lin kt m rng my qut b lc Kt ni IP cho cc thit b Bluetooth Smart c h tr ngay sau khi gii thiu phin bn 4.2 qua mi giao thc h tr Internet mi (IPSP). IPSP thm mt ty chn kt ni IPv6 cho Bluetooth Smart. Bluetooth 4.2 truyn d liu nhanh hn so vi trc y bng cch tng dung lng ca cc gi tin Bluetooth Smart.Tm hiu su v Bluetooth Low Energy1. Gii thiu s lc Bluetooth Low Energy( hay cn c bit n di nhng ci tn nh BLE, Bluetooth LE, v c tung ra th trng di ci tn Bluetooth Smart) l mt chun cng ngh mng c nhn khng dy, c thng mi ha bi Bluetooth SIG hng ti nhng ng dng trong cc lnh vc y t, th hnh, n hiu, bo mt v gii tr gia nh. So vi Bluetooth truyn thng, Bluetooth Smart c thit k nhm gim ng k lng nng lng tiu th duy tr kt ni trong 1 phm vi giao tip tng ng chun c. Bluetooth Smart ln u tin c gii thiu di ci tn Wibree bi Nokia vo nm 2006. N c st nhp vi cc chun Bluetooth vo nm 2010 vi vic thng qua Bluetooth phin bn 4.0 Nhng h iu hnh in thoi di ng bao gm iOS, Android, Windows Phone v BlackBerry, cng nh OS X, Linux, v Windows 8, gn nh u h tr Bluetooth Smart. Bluetooth SIG d on hn 90 phn trm in thoi thng minh c bn vo nm 2018 s h tr Bluetooth Smart.Tnh tng thch Bluetooth Smart c cho l khng c tnh tng thch ngc vi cc chun trc n, thng c gi di ci tn giao thc Bluetooth truyn thng. Cc c im k thut ca phin bn Bluetooth 4.0 cho php thit b thc hin 1 trong 2, hoc c 2 giao thc. Bluetooth Smart cng s dng bng tn 2,4 GHz nh ngi n anh tin nhim, iu ny khin cho nhiu thit b chy ch kp c th s dng chung 1 ng ten pht. Mc d vy, Bluetooth Low Energy s dng 1 b iu ch n gin hn.Phn khc th trng Bluetooth SIG ch ra nhng th trng dnh cho cng ngh Low Energy, l cc lnh vc nh thng minh, chm sc sc khe, th dc v th thao. Li th ca Bluetooth Smart trong cc lnh vc trn l: Tiu tn t nng lng, c th hot ng nhiu thng, thm ch nhiu nm vi 1 cc pin nh bng cc o v gi thnh thp Tng thch vi i a s in thoi thng minh, my tnh bng v my tnh ni chung.c im k thut Cng ngh Bluetooth Smart hot ng cng di tn vi Bluetooth truyn thng (di tn ISM 2,4 GHz n 2,4835 GHz), nhng s dng tp hp knh khc. Thay v s dng 71 knh c bng thng 1 MHz nh Bluetooth truyn thng, Bluetooth Smart s dng 40 knh c bng thng 2 MHz. Trong mi knh, d liu c iu ch bin tn bng phng php Gauss, tng t nh Bluetooth truyn thng. Bluetooth Smart c tc bit l 1 Mbit/s, cng sut pht ti a 10 mW, cc thng s khc c cp trong mc 6 phn A trong ti liu c im k thut ct li ca Bluetooth 4.0 Bluetooth Smart s dng phng php nhy tn chng li cc vn nhiu bng hp. Mc d Bluetooth c in cng s dng phng php tng t, nhng c vi chi tit khc nhau, trong Bluetooth Smart c cho l s dng h thng iu ch k thut s.c im k thutCng ngh Bluetooth truyn thngCng ngh Bluetooth thng minh

Khong cch, tm xa (theo l thuyt)100 m (330 ft)>100 m (>330 ft)

Tc truyn d liu13 Mbit/s1 Mbit/s

Bng thng cho ng dng0.72.1 Mbit/s0.27 Mbit/s

S my con c th kt niTi a 7Khng xc nh

Bo mt 56/128-bit v lp ng dng ngi dng nh ngha128-bit AES v lp ng dng ngi dng nh ngha

Th mnhTri ph nhy tn thch ng nhanh, sa li khi gi, ACK nhanhTri ph nhy tn thch ng, 24-bit CRC, 32-bit kim tra ton vn d liu

tr (trong trng thi khng kt ni)Trung bnh 100ms6ms

Thi gian ti thiu gi d liu100 ms3ms

Kh nng truyn cuc thoiCKhng

Cu trc lin kt mngScatternetScatternet

Nng lng tiu hao1W (theo ti liu)0,01-0,5 W (ty mc ch s dng)

Tiu th dng cc i