(Introduction) (Background Check) ( Privacy rights) (The doctrine of negligent hiring) [footnoteRef:1] [1: Rodolfo A. Camacho, How to avoid negligent hiring litigation, Whittier Law Review 1993 Vol. 14: p. 789.]

(Vicarious liability) 425 .. 2545 Social Media

Wisconsins Caregiver Law [footnoteRef:2] [2: Jon E. Anderson and M. Scott LeBlanc, Skeletons in the closet? Minimizing the Risks of Background Checking, Wisconsin Lawyer 2012, Vol. 85: p. 14.]

(An offer of employment) (In-house investigation) (Private investigators)

[footnoteRef:3] [3: Ibid.]

2 (Resume Fraud) (Fraudulent degrees)[footnoteRef:4] Diploma mill [footnoteRef:5] UNESCO Swedish National Agency for Higher Education [footnoteRef:6] [4: Barbara A. Lee, Who are you? Fraudulent Credentials and Background Check in Academe, Journal of College and University Law 2006, Vol. 32: p. ] [5: Diploma mill is a company that offers degrees for a flat fee in a short amount of time and requires little to no course work. Degrees awarded through diploma mills are not legitimate, and can cost you more than just your money Consumer information, Federal Trade Commission Online Available http://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0206-diploma-mills Accessed 1 August 2014.] [6: Jacques Hallak & Muriel Poisson , Academic Fraud Accreditation and Quality Assurance : Learning from the past and challenges for the future , Online Available at http://www.iiep.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Research_Highlights_Corruption/pdf/AcademicFraud_Chap7.pdf Accessed 29 July 2014. ]

RadioShack [footnoteRef:7] 2012 Yahoo [footnoteRef:8] (Misrepresentation of academic degrees) [7: Jon E. Anderson and M. Scott LeBlanc, ibid.] [8: Roger Vincent, Yahoo CEO resigns over resume discrepancy, Los Angeles Times, 14 May 2012. Online Available http://articles.latimes.com/2012/may/14/business/la-fi-yahoo-thompson-resigns-20120514 Accessed 1 August 2014.]

(Criminal background check) (Conviction) (Arrest record) the Scottish Criminal Records Office the Criminal Records Bureau of England and Wales 3 [footnoteRef:9] (Certificate of good behavior) [9: Donald C. Dowling, Jr, Background Checking and Job Applicant Testing Outside the US: A Guide to Multinational Pre-Hire Screening, White&Case, May 2008, p. 5. Online Available http://www.whitecase.com/files/Publication/fcac1d14-c447-444e-b835-ba2323b2ce64/Presentation/PublicationAttachment/bad1b177-ba78-4fd8-9b3b-bba98d72f390/article_Employment_Law_v5.pdf Accessed 2 August 2014.]

[footnoteRef:10] E.U. Data Protective Directive [footnoteRef:11] [10: Suzanne Horne, Paul Hastings, An International Perspective on Background Checks, Employment & Industrial Relations Law 2011, Vol. 21 (2): p. 27-28. ] [11: Donald C. Dowling, Jr, ibid, p. 4.]

(Past work experience) [footnoteRef:12] [12: Donald C. Dowling, Jr, ibid, p.5.]

(Medical records) (Job-related and consistent to business necessity) [footnoteRef:13] [13: Michael. L. Tudor, Protecting Privacy of Medical Records of Employees and Job Applicants in the Digital Era Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, Northern Kentucky Law Review 2013, Vol. 40: p.645. ]

(Credit report) Consumer Reporting Agencies (CRAs) Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)[footnoteRef:14] Section 525 Federal Bankruptcy Act [footnoteRef:15] [14: Amy Traub, Credit reports and employment: Findings from the 2012 National Survey on Credit Cards Debt of Low-and Middle-Income Households, Suffolk University Law Review 2013, Vol. 46:p. 983-985.] [15: 11 U.S.C. 525.]

(resume) (Personal interview) (Reference) (Social Media Background Check) Facebook, Twitter, Instagram Google (Violation of privacy rights) The US Consumer Data Industry Association 88 % [footnoteRef:16] Negligent hiring [16: Suzanne Horne, Paul Hastings, An International Perspective on Background Checks, Employment & Industrial Relations Law 2011, Vol. 21 (2): p. 27-28.]

Negligent hiring [footnoteRef:17] (A foreseeable risk of injury to others)[footnoteRef:18] [17: Kelly M. Feeley, Hiring Sexters to Teach Children: Creating Predictable and Flexible Standards for Negligent Hiring in Schools, New Mexico Law Review 2012, Vol. 42: p. 84-85.] [18: Adriel Garcia, The Kobayashi Maru of Ex-Offender Employment: Rewriting the Rules and Thinking Outside Current Ban the Box Legislation, Temple Law Review 2013, Vol. 85: p. 922.]

(Due care) [footnoteRef:19] Negligent hiring [19: Rodolfo A. Camacho, Ibid.]

Estate of Danielle Jennings v. TGM Ashley Lakes 15 5 [footnoteRef:20] [20: Adriel Garcia, ibid, p. 939.]

Negligent hiring 2 Negligent hiring The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) The Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 (CRAs) (Written authorization) (Adverse action) FCRA 2 (Consumer report) FCRA[footnoteRef:21] [footnoteRef:22] [footnoteRef:23][footnoteRef:24] [21: 15 U.S.C. 1681b(b)(3)(A)] [22: 15 U.S.C. 1681b(b)(3)(B)] [23: 15 U.S.C. 1681n.] [24: 15 U.S.C. 1681q.]

the Fair and Accurate Credit Transaction Act (FACTA) Facebook Email Stored Communications Act (SCA) 1986 (Electronic Communications) [footnoteRef:25] [footnoteRef:26] Facebook SCA Facebook [25: 18 U.S.C. 2701] [26: Ehling v. Monmouth-Ocean Hospital Service Corp, Online Available http://us.practicallaw.com/cs/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1247456482202&ssbinary=true Accessed 3 August 2014.]

Ehling v. Monmouth-Ocean Hospital Service Corp[footnoteRef:27] Facebook (Privacy setting) Facebook Facebook [27: Ibid.]

(Usernames) (Password) SCA (Louisiana) the Personal Online Account Privacy Protection Act (Tennessee) The Employee Online Privacy Act 2014 [footnoteRef:28] E.U. Data Protection Directive (Directive 95/46/EC) [28: National Conference of State Legislatures, Employer Access to Social Media Usernames and Passwords, Online Available http://www.ncsl.org/research/telecommunications-and-information-technology/employer-access-to-social-media-passwords-2013.aspx Accessed 4 August 2014.]

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [footnoteRef:29] [29: 42 U.S.C. 2000e-2(a).]

(Disparate impact) (African-Americans) (Job-related) (Consistent with business necessity) 3 (Protected classes) Ban the Box Legislation Ban the Box [footnoteRef:30] [footnoteRef:31] [30: Adriel Garcia, ibid, p. 930.] [31: National Employment Law Project, Statewide Ban the Box Reducing Unfair Barriers to Employment of People with Criminal Records, July 2014 Online Available http://www.nelp.org/page/-/SCLP/ModelStateHiringInitiatives.pdf?nocdn=1 Accessed 4 August 2014.]

Ban the Box (Minnesota) [footnoteRef:32] [32: Ibid, p.928.]

(Connecticut) [footnoteRef:33] [33: Ibid.]

(Hawaii) 10 [footnoteRef:34] [34: National Employment Law Project, ibid.]

the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) The American with Disabilities Act (ADA) Negligent Hiring Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

2550 35[footnoteRef:35] 36[footnoteRef:36] [35: 35 ] [36: 36 ]

36

2 322 323

.. 2550

.. 2525 23 (3) () .. 2549 4 27

.. 2540 24 .. 2545 25 20 [footnoteRef:37] [37: .. 2545 20-22]

2550 30 .142/2547 33 (11) (12) .. 2521 30 .. 2550 15 (Disparate impact) 16

.. 2540 The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) Email Facebook 36 .. 2550 30 [footnoteRef:38] [38: Amy Traub, Ibid, p. 989-990.]