backbone: fddi, atm or gigabit ethernet?ljilja/ensc833/spring01/projects/chen_liu...21 conclusion 1...
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Backbone: FDDI, ATM or Gigabit Ethernet?
April 5, 2001
Chao Chen, Fang Liu, Yong Wang
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Topics
v Introduction
v Comparison of Backbone Technologies
v Analysis and Conclusions
v Encountered Problems and Future Works
v References
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v Why Backbone ?– Various applications– Growing size of data– More users– Increasing LAN traffic– Higher bandwidth and better performance
v Which Backbone ?– Fast Ethernet, FDDI– ATM, Gigabit Ethernet
Introduction
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Experiment: 10Base-T vs. ATM Backbone
10Base-T Link ATM OC-3 Link
Queuing Delay on Links
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FDDI and Fast Ethernet
v FDDI– 100Mbps– Dual-ring topology providing high degree of fault
tolerance– Token-passing access scheme providing deterministic
performance– Great Redundancy
v Fast Ethernet– 100BaseT– Same frame format and length as Ethernet– Low cost and high performance– Easy integration with traditional Ethernet
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Experiment: FDDI vs. Fast Ethernet
FE_100wkst
FE_10wkst
FDDI_100wkst
FDDI_10wkst
FDDI Fast Ethernet
LAN Traffic
Response Time
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ATM backbone
v Scalable amounts of bandwidth
v Provide different services over a common network
v Easy integration of LAN and WAN
v high reliability and Quality of Service for mission-critical applications, such as voice and video
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Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI
v 10km*10km Campus Network
v Three Token Ring LANs
v Two scenarios: ATM (OC-3) and FDDI
v Network Services– Email, FTP, HTTP, Telnet– Voice and Video Conference
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Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI (cont.)--- Email, FTP, HTTP, Telnet Applications
Subnet with Clients
Subnet with Servers
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Email, HTTP Service Response Time
ATM > FDDI
Token Ring Delay and MAC Delay
FDDI > ATM
Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI (cont.)--- Email, FTP, HTTP, Telnet Applications
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Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI (cont.)--- Multimedia Applications
workstations running voice application
workstations running video conference application
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Voice Delay and Delay Variation
FDDI > ATM
Token Ring Delay and MAC Delay
FDDI > ATM
Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI(cont.)
--- Multimedia Applications
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Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI (cont.)--- Interconnecting Various LANs
v Enterprise Network
v Three types of LANs :Ethernet, Token ring and FDDI
v Two scenarios: ATM (OC-3) and FDDI backbone
v Network Services– Email, FTP, HTTP, Telnet– Voice and Video Conference
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Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI (cont.)--- Interconnecting Various LANs
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Experiment: ATM vs. FDDI (cont.)--- Interconnecting Various LANs
Ethernet Delay FDDI > ATM
FDDI Delay
FDDI > ATM
Telnet Response Time
ATM > FDDI
Throughput
ATM > FDDI
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Conclusions on ATM and FDDI
v For some applications, FDDI has shorter response time than ATM, while ATM has less LAN delay.
v For time-critical services, such as voice data, ATM can achieve much lower delay and delay variation than FDDI.
v FDDI might have higher fault-tolerance than ATM due to the dual-ring topology.
v ATM can supply bandwidth of 155Mbps up to 2.5Gbps, while FDDI has only 100Mbps.
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Gigabit Ethernet
v IEEE 802.3zv Offers high bandwidth of 1,000 Mbpsv Physical Media : 1000Base -X standardv MAC Operation : enhanced CSMA/CD v Uses the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet frame format,
with the addition of carrier extension fieldv Addresses backward-compatibility with 10
Mbps and 100 Mbps Ethernet technologies
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Experiment 1 : Gigabit Ethernet vs. ATM Video Conferencing clients
Telnet client Telnet server
ATM_OC24 1000Base-X
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Experiment 1: Gigabit Ethernet vs. ATM (cont.)
Backbone throughput Backbone queuing delay
GE_Video
GE_Telnet
ATM_Video
ATM_Telnet
Gigabit Ethernet is better
ATM is better
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Experiment 1: Gigabit Ethernet vs. ATM (cont.)
Packet Delay Variation
GE > ATM
Packet Delay
GE > ATM
GE_Voice
ATM_Voice
Voice application clients
ATM_OC24 1000Base-X
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Conclusion 1 on Gigabit Ethernet and ATM
In the long run, it will not be a question of people using
only ATM or only Gigabit Ethernet , it is more a question of where do they fit.
v Gigabit Ethernet : Should be used in areas where high data throughput is required,but quality of service is not a main concern.
v ATM : should be used in environments where video, voice and other delay sensitive traffic exist.
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Experiment 2: Gigabit Ethernet vs. ATM
10BaseT LAN containing only Http&Telnet clients
10BaseT LAN containing only Http& Telnet servers
ATM_OC24 or
1000Base-X
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Experiment 2: Gigabit Ethernet vs. ATM (cont.)
Http page response time
ATM > GE
Telnet response time
ATM > GE
Gigabit Ethernet
ATM
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Conclusion 2 on Gigabit Ethernet and ATM
Since Gigabit Ethernet’s technology is fully backward-compatible with existing Ethernet hardware standards, so it can provide the seamless connectivity with legacy Ethernet LANs.
This point is valuable because 80 percent of current LANs use Ethernet technology.
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Summary on Four Backbones
Not matured yetLimited to LAN backbone so far
1Gbps speedsCompatible with legacy Ethernet equipmentStrong standardsHighly scalableReliable with low operating cost
Gigabit Ethernet
Small cell size leads to higher trafficExpensive
Flexible access speedsStrong standardsHigh reliabilityHandles all traffic typesHighly scalableEasy to integrate LAN with WANQuality of Service
ATM
Slow 100Mbps speedDistance limitation of 200kmUnable to support multi-serviceNo QoS
100Mbps speedStable technologyRedundancyFault-tolerantInexpensive
FDDI
Slow 100Mbps speedUnable to support multi-service
100BaseTSame frame as EthernetLow cost High performance
Fast Ethernet
LimitationsFeaturesTechnology
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Encountered Problems
v Opnet– We met quite some problems such as memory
allocation error and segmentation error, which forced some simulations be terminated.
– We tried to create some heavy traffic in order to get some statistics on packet drop rate, bit error rate, but opnet performs bad and results with no statistics collected
v Incomparable issues among backbones– Fault Tolerance of FDDI– Distance advantage and QoS of ATM
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Future Work
v More analysis work
v Investigate those particular properties of each backbone
v Try real trace data ( Star Wars ) on our network, and see if we can get some more interesting results.
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References [1] Shapiro, Sydney F., “ FDDI moves closer to fruition as standard network backbone”,
Computer Design, Volume 27, Aug. 15, 1988, pp. 35-38 [2] Ranai, Kisenchand, Lim, Koon Seng, Deng, Roert Huijie, “ Simulating a multimedia FDDI
backbone network”, The Computer Journal, Volume 37 Nov. 3, 1994, pp. 188-98[3] Mirchandani Khanna, “FDDI Technology and Applications”, Chapter 14, “Interconnecting
LANs Using FDDI”.[4] Darling, Charles B, “Hook your legacy LAN to ATM”. Datamation, Volume 42, 1996, pp.
98-103 [http://staging-datamation.earthweb.com/nwinf/09eval1.html][5] Strauss, Paul, “ATM backbones: complex? And how!”. Datamation, Volume 40, July 15
1994, pp. 44-46[6] Raif O. Onvural, “Asynchronous Transfer Mode Network: Performance Issues”, Chapter
3, “Source Characterization in ATM Networks”.[7] Akyildiz, Ian F., Bernhardt, Keith L, “ATM local area networks: a survey of requirements,
architectures, and standards”. IEEE Communications Magazine, Volume 35, July 1997, pp. 72-80.[http://www.comsoc.org/pubs/surveys/reprints/akyildiz.html]
[8] Stephen Elbert, et.al, “ Gigabit Ethernet and Low-Cost Supercomputing”, Ames Laboratory Technical Report IS-5126.
[http://www.scl.ameslab.gov/Publications/Gigabit/tr5126.html][9] Stephen Saunders, “Gigabit Ethernet Handbook”, Chapter 14, “Comparing Gigabit
Ethernet to Other High-Speed LANs”, Chapter 15, “Choosing Between ATM and Gigabit Ethernet in the Backbone”.
[10] Joe Melki and Jonathan Knop, “ATM vs Gigabit Ethernet For High Speed LANS”, Project of EE 4984, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, April 15, 1997.
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Acknowledgement
v Thanks to:
Our Professor Ljiljana TrajkovicOur TA Milan NikolicNazy AlborzOpnet technical supportSome helpful people in Opnet Forum
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Working Distributions
v We plan the project together
v Cooperation in experiments– 10Base-T vs. ATM backbone ( Fang )– FDDI vs. Fast Ethernet ( Chao and Yong )– ATM vs. FDDI ( Chao and Fang )– ATM vs. Gigabit Ethernet ( Yong)
v Analysis results together