H. HERBICIDE INJURY

• 2,4-d injury on Tomatoes

• Glyphosate injury on Tomatoes

• Rimsulfuron injury on Tomatoes

• herbicide damage on leaves of oak(Quercus)

• Thifensulfuron-methyl injury on Tomatoes

• Cupped distorted leaves on maple (Acer) caused byherbicide damage

• Herbicide injury on apple leaves (Malus)

I. HAIL INJURY

• Hail damage to tomato

J. LIGHTING

• Bark blasted off a bald cypress (Taxodium) by lighting

• Circular pattern of lightning damage

• Signs of lightning injury on tomato plant

• Lighting injury symptoms in tomato stem

K. WIND INJURY

• Wind injury

L. OTHER IMPROPERAGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

• Scar of tree trunk from use of a weed whip

• Fresh mechanical wound with resin.

• Concentric and radial cracking

Penyakit abiotik(kekurangan unsur hara)

PENYAKIT TANAMAN AKIBATKEKURANGAN HARA

Nutrients essential to plant growthElement Chemical symbol form(s) taken up by plant

MacronutrientNitrogen N NH4

+, NO3-

Phosphorus P H2PO4-, HPO4

2-

Potassium K K+

Calcium Ca Ca2+

Magnesium Mg Mg2+

Sulfur S SO42-

MicronutrientIron,Zinc,Maganese,Copper,Boron,Molybdenum,Chlorin

Silicon, Sodium, Cobalt, vanadium

NITROGENROLE IN PLANT NUTRITION: Amino

acid synthesis. Protein, coenzymes, nucleicacid formation. Chlorophyll and ATP

synthesisDEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS :Lack of

growth or stunted growth. General yellowingof foliage, older leaves first. Loss of leaves

under severe deficiency. Purplish colourationdue to accumulation of anthocyanin

pigments

Nitrogen deficiency

Nitrogen deficiency

PHOSPHORUS• DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Reduced

growth. Production of dark green foliage.Reduced tillering in cereals. Reddening oryellowing of leaf margins and necrosis ofolder leaves. Reduced fruit quality andstorage potential

• ROLE IN PLANT NUTRITION Energytransfer. Formation of nucleic acids.Protein synthesis. Cell membranecomponent

Phosphorus deficiency

Note the stunted plantwith the purple leaves.Severe deficiencies of phosphorus are usually

characterized