b acteria & v iruses. m icrobiology is the basic science that explores microscopic organisms...
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BACTERIA & VIRUSES
MICROBIOLOGY
Is the basic science that explores microscopic organisms including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, parasites, and some fungi and algae.
The organism lack tissue differentiation and are unicellular, and exhibit diversity of form and size.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANISMS
1. All living things are composed of cells2. All living things perform certain chemical
processes such as growth and digestion3. All living things can reproduce4. All living things either make their own
nutrients or ingest nutrients from the environment
5. All living things respond to stimuli such as light and touch
Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites may infect the human body and interfere with normal body functions.
WHAT ARE VIRUSES?A virus is a non-cellular
particle made up of genetic material and protein that can invade living cells and reproduce.
A person can catch a cold many times because there are many varieties of cold virus that cause similar symptoms
VIRUSES Are not considered to be alive
but they affect living things. With the ability to reproduce,
viruses lack nearly every characteristic of life
Need a host cell Not composed of cells Do not respond to stimuli Do not use energy for growth
and development Need electron microscope to
see
TYPES OF VIRUSES AIDS Lyme disease Bacterial meningitis Leprosy
DISEASE
Any change that disrupts the normal function of one or more body systems.
Noninfectious diseases: Diseases caused by exposure to certain chemicals or traits that are inherited.
Infectious diseases: Diseases caused by a pathogen (any microbe that causes disease.)
DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES Cause disease by either
damaging or killing cells First attaches itself to a healthy
cell and then injects its DNA or RNA into cell
Then replicates once inside infected cell
No Cure, just prevention with vaccine.
Vaccines: a substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific viruses or bacteria..
HOW INFECTIOUS DISEASE SPREAD
Infectious disease can be spread through:
1. contact with an infected person ex: Influenza (V) 2. contact with a contaminated object ex: Athleteis foot (F) or Influenza (V) 3. contact with an infected animal ex: Lyme Disease (B): Bite from infected tick contact with an environmental source.
BACTERIA
Are small organims constiting of one cell that lack chlorophyll
Except for viruses they are the smallest living things on earth
Bacteira are found everywhere, in the air, soil. Water, and inside of your body and skin.
They multipy very rapidly and from colonies of millions or even billions witin a space as small as a drop of water.
Classified 4 ways (spherical, rodlike, spiral, or corkscrew.
DISEASES CAUSED BY BACTERIA
Use antibiotics to cure bacterial infections
Antibiotics or a chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a person’s cell
Bacteria can develop a resistance to antibiotic and will no longer kill
This is what happens when you do not take medicine completely
VECTORS HELP SPREAD DISEASE
Are mechnaims (other then people) that spread disease without getting itself sick.
Rats, ticks, mosquitios, and soil are examples.
An infectious disease is one that can be passed from one
DISEASES CAUSES BY PROTISTS
the protists that cause each of these diseases are caused by parasites
Parasite is an organism that takes nourishment or habitat from another organism
Most cases do not kill the host
Examples Dysentery Malaria *
EPIDEMIC
Is an outbreak of a disease that affects a disproportionately large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time
PANDEMIC
Is an epidemic of an infectious disease that is spreading through human populations across a large region, continent,, or even worldwide.