axilla and cubital fossa (ayy)
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Axilla and Cubital fossa
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Axilla (armpit)
It is a pyramidal space present between the upper part of armand chest wall.
Boundaries - It has an apex, a base and 4 walls.
Walls of Axilla;
1. Anterior wall2. Posterior wall
3. Medial wall
4. Lateral wall
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Axilla (armpit)
Base (Floor)
It is directed downwards.
It is formed by skin and axillary fascia.
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Axilla (armpit)
Anterior wall
Formed by pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, clavipectoralfascia and subclavius muscle.
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Axilla (armpit)
Medial wall
Upper four ribs with intercostal muscles.
Upper part of serratus anterior muscle.
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Axilla (armpit)Lateral wall
Upper part of shaft of humerus at the region of intertubercusulcus (bicipital groove).
Coracobrachialis and biceps brachii muscle.
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Axilla (armpit)
Posterior wall
Subscapularis (above).
Teres major and latissimus dorsi (below).
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Axilla (armpit)
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Axilla (armpit)
Contents of axilla
1. Axillary artery and its branches,
2. Axillary vein and its tributaries,
3. Brachial plexus (infraclavicular part), three
cords of brachial plexus and their branches,4. Axillary lymph nodes (Five groups),
5. Fat and areolar tissue..
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Axilla (armpit)
Clinical correlates
1. Abscess in the axilla may arise from infectionand suppuration of particular group of lymphnodes.
2. Infection of the hair follicle and sebaceousglands gives rise to boils which are commonin this area.
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Axilla (armpit)
3. Examination of axillary lymph nodes isimportant in clinical practice since it drainsthe whole of upper limb and breast inaddition to the body wall above the level ofumbilicus.
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Cubital fossa
It is an area of transition between the arm and forearm.
It is located anterior to the elbow joint.
It is a triangular depression between two forearm muscles.
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Cubital fossa
Boundaries
Laterally Brachioradialis (medial border).
Medially - pronator teres (lateral border).
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Cubital fossa
Boundaries
Base Represented by an imaginary linejoining the two epicondyles of humerus.
Apex Meeting point of lateral and medial
boundaries.
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2014/AYY
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Cubital fossa
Boundaries
Roof Skin, superficial fascia with median cubital vein, deepfascia & bicipital aponeurosis.
Floor Brachialis and supinator muscles.
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Cubital fossa
Contents
1. Median nerve.
2. Termination of brachial artery andbeginning of radial and ulnar arteries.
3. Tendon of biceps.4. Radial nerve.
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Cubital fossa
Clinical correlates
1. The blood pressure is recorded byauscultating the brachial artery in frontof the elbow.
2. The median cubital vein is often the vein
of choice for intravenous injections.3. Anatomy of cubital fossa is useful while
dealing with the fractures around theelbow.
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References1. Clinical Oriented Anatomy, K.L.Moore.
2. Human Anatomy, M.McKinley.
3. Atlas of Human Anatomy, F.H.Netter.
4. Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sobotta.
BDS 1210
2014/AYY