automating contract visualization +45+60+10+60+40+35+20+45 ... · of contracts visible ... visual...
TRANSCRIPT
Stefania PasseraHelena Haapio
Michael Curtotti
Making the meaning of contracts visible
IRIS 2014 Conference • 20th February 2014 • Salzburg
Automating contract visualization
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Need for informationto be accessible, transparent, clearand easy to understand
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Contracts are no exception.
Information encoded explicitly is easier to grasp & share
Integrating pictures & text prevents cognitive overloadby distributing effort on 2 different processing systems
Visual structures and cues act as paralanguage,reducing the possibility of misinterpretation
Benefitsof visualization
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>
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
ChallengesManagers and lawyers don’t have suitable design sw
Wrong tools make the process slow & difficult
Fear of lacking the skills
Need to quickly modify the draft (many times!)
Text & visualizations should not contradict each other
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© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Automation cansolve the issue
Avoids human errors in drafting
Saves time
Creates consistency among contracts
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... and could make visualization easy, fast & dummy-proof!
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Scenario of useOrganizations
Business To Business
Sales managers andpurchasing managers
(Proactive) in-houselegal counsels
Negotiations &drafting
we considered for the demos
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Three demosContract term // Payment // Liquidated damages
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Contract term 1
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Contract term 2
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Payments 1
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Payments 2
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Liquidateddamages 1
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Liquidateddamages 2
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
Insights
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
- The user just needs to concentrate on answering “concrete” questions. In order to draft a contract, one does not need to master iron-clad legalese or specific design skills
- The job of lawyers and designers, in this case, is to be orchestrators: 1) deconstructing the contract so as to be able to ask the right questions from the user 2) constructing top-notch textual and visual“contract building blocks” that the code will automatically adapt to the needs of the user
- The contract is co-created by knowledge and activities of experts and final users
1/ We need to rethink‘contract design’
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
We need to discover ‘visual archetypes’
- Given a certain issue discussed in a contract, we need to find a visual formula that can flexibly illustrate all possible cases and variants
- If we cannot find such “visual archetype”, one big benefit arising from visualizating disappears: we cannot compare effectively alternative choices!
- Automation requires code. Code is more easily written and updated if the visual format of our output is constant, and we can follow a modular approach
2/
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
vs.
Comparison: we can immediately see which of these liquidated damagesprovisions is buyer-friendly and which is supplier-friendly...
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
A good visual archetype can be easily developed furtherand new informative aspects can be integrated
LD as only remedy
Capped / uncapped damages can be requested in addition to LD
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5th week...
10 000 €
20 000 €
30 000 €
40 000 €
50 000 €
2%4%
6%8%
10% max
Liquidated damagesaccrual starts on
2014
€
Any amount!
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5th week...
10 000 €
20 000 €
30 000 €
40 000 €
50 000 €
2%4%
6%8%
10% max
Liquidated damagesaccrual starts on
(date)
€
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5th week...
10 000 €
20 000 €
30 000 €
40 000 €
50 000 €
2%4%
6%8%
10% max
7,5% max
€
85 000 €
Liquidated damagesaccrual starts on
(date)vs.Liquidated damagesDamages
Liquidated damagesDamages
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
- By generating and comparing different texts and visuals, the contract can be better understood and negotiated inside and outside organizations
- Managers can test whether their understanding of legalese contracts is correct: they can input information (as they understood it) in the tool, and see if the output looks like the one of the counterparty
- Visualization can help understandin in international business, when one of both parties are not native speakers
3/Viz & automation as an auditing tool
© 2014 Passera, Haapio, Curtotti
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thank [email protected]@[email protected]
questions?