authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment jon m. kleinberg
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Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment Jon M. Kleinberg. Presented By: Talin Kevorkian Summer 2010. Overview. Why Do We Care? Introduction Information Objective - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Jon M. Kleinberg
Presented By: Talin Kevorkian
Summer 2010 April 20, 2023 1
Overview• Why Do We Care?• Introduction Information• Objective• Approaches and Observed Results• Related Work• Generalization• Conclusion• Evaluation of Pros and ConsApril 20, 2023 2Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked
Environment
Why Do We care?• Complexity of WWW as a Hypertext Corpus
• Nature of the Hyperlinked Environment Structure
• Efficiency (Longer Response Time) and Storage Problems Because of Huge Amount of Results Return to the User
April 20, 2023 3Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Introduction Information• Query Types
SpecificE.g. ”Does Windows 7 Support Oracle 10g?”Scarcity Problem
Broad-Topic E.g. “Sql Programming Language ” Abundance Problem Authority Notion
Similar-Page E.g. “Similar Pages to Oracle.com”April 20, 2023 4
Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Introduction Information• Link-Based Model
Encoding latent human judgmentConferred Authority
Creating Balance Between Popularity and Relevance
Relation Between Authority and Hubs
April 20, 2023 5Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Objective• Presenting the Link-Based Model for the
Conferral Authority
• Exploring Authoritative WWW Sources in the Global Range
April 20, 2023 6Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Approaches and Observed Results
• Focused Subgraph Algorithm for WWW
• Authorities and Hubs Computation
• Approach for Similar-Page Queries
• Sample Observed Results
April 20, 2023 7Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Focused Subgraph Algorithm for WWW• Inputs:
Query String σ Text-based Search Engine
• Outputs: Set of Hyperlinked Pages as a Directed Graph G(V,E) Root Set Rσ Sub Set Sσ
Almost Small in size Containing Most of Relevant Pages Covering Most of the Strongest Authorities
• Links Type in G[Sσ] Transverse IntrinsicApril 20, 2023 8Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked
Environment
Authorities and Hubs Computation• Solution to the approach of Ordering Pages by
Their In-degree Confusion Between Strong “Authorities” and “Universally Popular“ Pages
• Containing Mutually Reinforcing Relationship ConceptApril 20, 2023 9
Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Authorities and Hubs Computation• Iterate Algorithm
Input: Set of n linked pages Gσ
Outputs: Updated Authority Weight (thru operation I) Updated Hub Weight (thru Operation O)
• Filter Algorithm Input:
Set of n linked pages Gσ Outputs:
Reporting Pages with Top c Authorities Reporting Pages with Top c Hubs April 20, 2023 10Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked
Environment
Approach for Similar-Page Queries
• First Step: What Do Users of the WWW Decide to be Related to a Page When They Create any Pages and Hyperlinks
• Second Step: Applying Link Structure to the Concept of “Similarity”
• Third Step: Using concept of Authorities and Hubs
April 20, 2023 11Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Sample Observed Results(For Broad-Specific Queries)
Query String Authorities Description
“Search Engine” .346 http://www.yahoo.com/.291 http://www.excite.com/.239 http://www.mckinley.com/.231 http://www.lycos.com/.231 http://www.altavista.digital.com/
Yahoo!ExciteWelcome to Magellan!Lycos Home PageAltaVista: Main Page
“Gates” .643 http://www.roadahead.com/ Bill.458 http://www.microsoft.com/.440 http://www.microsoft.com/corpinfo/bill-g.htm
Gates: The Road AheadWelcome to Microsoft
April 20, 2023 12Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Sample Observed Results (For Similar-Pages Queries)
Query String Authorities Description
“www.honda.com” .202 http://www.toyota.com/.199 http://www.honda.com/.192 http://www.ford.com/.173 http://www.bmwusa.com/.162 http://www.volvocars.com/.158 http://www.saturncars.com/
.155 http://www.nissanmotors.com/
.145 http://www.audi.com/
.139 http://www.4adodge.com/
.136 http://www.chryslercars.com/
Welcome to @ToyotaHondaFord Motor CompanyBMW of North America, Inc.VOLVOWelcome to the Saturn Web SiteNISSAN - ENJOY THE RIDEAudi Homepage1997 Dodge SiteWelcome to Chrysler
April 20, 2023 13Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Related Work
Link Structure is Related to:
• Definition of Standing, Impact and Influence Concepts
• WWW Ranking Techniques
• Data Clustering
April 20, 2023 14Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Standing, Impact and Influence Concepts
• Social Network Proposed Standing Measure
Katz Theory: Based on Path-Counting Hubbell Theory : Based on Nodes Weight-Propagation
• Scientific Citations Proposed Impact/Influence Measure Garfield’s Impact Theory Pinski-Narin Influence TheoryApril 20, 2023 15Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked
Environment
WWW
Ranking
Techniques
• Ranking Measure Proposal:
Botafogo-Rivlin-Shniderman Theory
Carriere-Kanzman Theory
Brin-Page Theory and Contrast with This Paper Approach
April 20, 2023 16Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Data Clustering• Clustering needs :
Similarity Functions Bibliographic Coupling Co-Citation
Cluster Producer Functions Small-Griffith Approach Dimension-Reduction Spectral Graph partitioning Centroid Scaling
April 20, 2023 17Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Generalization• Specific Queries
Diffusion Concept• Set of Hubs and Authorities can be Separated
from each other Because: Query String has different Meaning like “Jaguar” Query String is a Highly Polarized Subject Like
“Abortion” Query String can be Applied in Multiple Communities
like “Randomized Algorithms”April 20, 2023 18Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked
Environment
GeneraliztionSample Results
Query String Authorities Description
“Jaguar” 2nd non-principal vector, positive end.255 http://www.jaguarsnfl.com/
.137 http://www.nando.net/SportServer/football/nfl/jax.html
3rd non-principal vector, positive end.227 http://www.jaguarvehicles.com/
.227 http://www.collection.co.uk/
Official Jacksonville Jaguars NFL Website
Jacksonville Jaguars Home Page
Jaguar Cars Global Home Page
The Jaguar Collection
April 20, 2023 19Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Conclusion• Basic Elements of Paper Approach
Applying Notation of Authoritative Sources Selecting High Quality of Results Dealing with Scale Problem Exploring Structure of Hubs and Authorities
April 20, 2023 20Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Evaluation of Pros and Cons• Pros:
Clearly Describe the Algorithms and Applied Approaches
Provide Tangible Examples and Results Enough Connection to Related Works
• Cons: Ignoring the Textual Contents of pages Complexity in the Nature of Quality Judgment Concentrating mostly on Broad-Topic Queries
April 20, 2023 21Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment
Q & A
April 20, 2023 22Authoritative Sources in a Hyperlinked Environment