18 8 5.

VICTORIA.

AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS

FOR THE YEAR 1884

(TWELFTH J'EAR OP li:JSUE),

COMPILED FROM Ol<,FICIAL RETURNS;

WITH

A REPOR'l:

· I'ltl!:SENTED 'lO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT BY HlS EXCELLENCY'S COMMAND.

gl 12 .;\,utltl)1'ity : JOHN l•'EHRES, GOVERNllrENT PRINTl<~R, MELBOURNE.

No 81

Preparation-Not given. Printing (1,160 copies)

APPROXIMATE COST OF PAPER.

,£ •• d.

40 0 0

CONTENTS.

SUMMARY FOR TWELVE YEAHS

REPORT

TABLE I.-POPULATION

H.-BIRTHS, DEATHS, AND MARRIAGES

"

"

III.-IlLMIGRATION AND EJI4IGRATION

IV.-PUBLIC REVENUE

"

"

"

V.- " EXPENDI'l'UHE

VI.-EXPENDlTUHE FlWJM LOANS

VII.-:-PUBLIC DEBT

, VIII.-IJ.\.il'OHTS AND EXPOHTS

"

"

"

"

IX.-SHIPPING ...

X.-RAILWAYS

XL-POSTAL RETUHNS .•.

XII.-ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS

, XUI.-CHOWN LANDS ALIENATED

" XIV.-STATE EDUCATION

" XV.-AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS-LAND IN CULTIVATION ••.

, XVI.-" , PRODUCE OF CROPS

, XVJI.-LIVE STOCK

APPENDIX,-STATISTJ;CS OF FlJI-SUM.MARY FOR SEVEN YEARS

4tJ]

Page

5

7

11

11

12

12

13

13

14

15

1.5

16

16

17

17

~.·· 18

18

19

19

20

SUlVIMARY OF AUSTRALASIAN STATIS'l'ICS, FROM 1873 TO 1884.

New South Wales (3o9,I75)

Queenslaml ( 668,224.)

South Australia ( 903,42 5) •••

Western Australia (975,920)

TllSmania (:6,375) ...

New Zealand (ro4,o27)

( 1873

11

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I 188: j r883 l r884.

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r 1873 !874 1875

I 1876 1877

) 1878

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1 i' !882

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25,761 26)209 26,709 Z7,32l 27,838 28,166 28,668 291019 J010I:j

30~766 3I,f00 32·958

104,217 104,176 1037663 105,48-4 ioJ: T04

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8,)!8 9,890

10,679

7,107 7,696 7,4-08 8,224 8,64-0 g,z&2 9,902

10,262

IO,J08 10,844· u,I73 11,847

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134,832 148>073 157.775 !62.,189 r6~,413 t63,344 196,315 18o,oso 2$4,313 250,372 284,364 290,319

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287 '97 305 no 290 316 3"4 333 368 403 431 I

442

1,342 1,227

1,295 I,255 1,3 ;8 1,381 I,.f.28 1,309 1,383 1,451 1-305 1,340

1,4-4 3 1,678 1,866 I,744 1,66o I,Sl2· I,3o2 1,516 1}527 1,564 r,6s6 1,714

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3)2,)24 572·7 so 764,122 874,342 956,844

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1,o38 I>20J

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1,002,491 ! 1,480 1~063,,130 1,570

1 For loJ.cl'lt information respecting the popuW.tion of three of the colonies, see footnotes to T!tble. I. pod. , . . " d h "The Rev~nue and Expenditure of Victona in an the years Bpecified, and of Queen&ln,nd for the seven yea.rs t876 to xSS;, aN for the twelve months ended 3oth June. In other msta.nces the mformauon relat.oo to the years enue 3rst Decem er.

Victoria see footnote (z.)tb 'l'a.ble IV.po6t. ( T "I "''II , ' ~For inforrr.:.ation respecting the Public Debt of Victoria to the 3oth June, I88S, also respeet~ng tht} "Accrued Sinking Fund of New Zealand," ~ee foo~nOt€$ (t) aod 4) to an e r • posh "-Including land under permanent artificial grass in a.11 the colonies except Western Au:stralia and New Zealand. See footinotes (2 and 8) to 'fu!lle XV. post.

No. 81.

* -· •

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3.0 59 3,616 3,956 4,633 5·033 5·4! 0

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1

28,956

3,391,634- 'll0,472 3,292,807 22,124 2,974,339 I I57,)45 5,548,729 I6,1.36 z,863,6r9 ~~· r68,252 6,357,43I 27~656 4-,054,377 I 50)7 17 4,J07,8 36 27,,679 6,336,369 '190,344 6)029,962 22,/13 6,070,599 277,547 8,357,150 28,64.6 7,61o,ou 330}2o8 12,o6z,6o7 57-484 8,147170) 2I5,00j 6,891,2.51 46,877 8,2.97,890 243,387 61924,848 z.g,8o8

Io)27o,59[ .1319,858 1o,p.o>428 }.8~146 g,827,I36 z67.,954 9,231,339 32,907 6,866,717 354·794 ,!Z,j60,449 39.703

~~--~~~~~'

66,22 5 69,053 98,576

1J4,158 99,48;

I 32,072

1)1,541 16o,6oz 135,zr8 133,050 ro6,496 148,869

II,760

• • "' 10}758

r6,9o4. 44,r6o JI,4-3J

';}207 8,982 3,190

r6,964

n6,398 zo8,373 197,315 !

IOJ:OZ3 , 43,5s6 14>,933 zoz,I 66 111,886 r3;,r6) 134,464 188,8c6 :lr 1,2o7

87,529 75, 2 32 70,!96 9],675 77,32 4 7'·,4-98

qo,284 I 14,552

36,79° 66,724-88,768 gz,66o

124,459 125,469 165,357 I47o537 86,840 97,845

18T,I78 J69,156 !02,475

89,739 8T )962

167.016

2r)q.o 30,998 38,7I I 41,/05 4+,718 5 3-799 43,365 44~10 9 +6,480 53·3 23 56-463 6r,o64

• *

1,262l01 8 1,539,510 I,su,co6 1,409,607 1~313,655 1,+22:643 1)6191 I40 1,312,939

2,110 1,320

1~2.00

1}470 920 296 490 448 4P •

K1Z r,25o

4.854 4>'19° j,Sp, 4,2J1 J,96J 4)406 4,6!6 ],688 3.590 4,6or

'•475 1,022 1,293 1,378

• -· _,

• • * * * *

7S,oso 46,J53 46,278 43)191 s8,547 s8,g63 57,627 42,668 sz,Sr6 64,806

18,24-3 10,220

8,&8o 8,041 8,789 8,919 u,S~S I 1,556

5,120 ),265 5,330

l 1~000

90,104 . 92,4.03 ' 14.1,063 ' I06,Jg6 I : IJ 3,862 ' ro8,6c8 II5,23S

. 145,3ZJ

3,069 3~3I6 s,os6 3,928 4,603 3,882 <J-,761 6,rr 1

s,o86 5,133 5,468 5~424

3,8q 4.582 5>941 s,ogr 5.367 5,398 7·320 5,5&7 6,r 36 S,2.f:S b,o63 5,666

473 3"9 393 370 35+ 341 :)62

471 27S 267 JIO soo

J,9J:O 6Jy78 6,go6 7,9)4 8jJ36 2,079 ~h74-3

10,421 g,670 9~68t 9,6oi 9,0 37

6,J3S *

·-• 8,778 9~06J.

J4,+04 t6,r77 I I ,984-14,86t 14,236 rs,855

IJ,OI4 17,04-6 26,83"3 14,463 13,452 I•J-,178 27,832 J6,tj0 12,154 16,'r33 2 51557 2J,l92-

1,263 987

r,I79 r,uo

708 S1o

!,1.69 1,649

556 667 93°

r,soo

24,970 z6,1 69 24,4 55 27,290 2f,I06 2 7,257 30,956 32,148 31,565 37.526 34,)09 39,)03

5,77 2

5,554 8,531 9>423 9·9I4

13,9°4 I 1,64-5 rz,o2J 16,92.6 22~()01

17,727 25,307

:q.2,167 160,931 r6r,42y 9I,937

223,905 2!8)3)9 26 5>403 zJz,s6; 333,4.6? 138,8·!-3 366,934-Jo8,429

I 5,941 13,366 17.3 1 9 16,856 I8,0f3

r8,750 Iq>og 5 19,563 Z-:h4'f·5 25,959 zo;2.95 24,054

26,+06 30,4-86 lh7 58 29,664-ZOA-40

3J,9J3 35,538 31,61 s

II,5+4 * *

-· !2,919 18,553 22,854 2J,440 19,640 16,6yo 24,62-7 35.+83

145,389 202,934 194.794 178,866 253,374 210,974 2 96,437 261,37 r 24o,827 104;)70 3g8)JI<j 28),839

31,882 20,049 I 7 ~3 I 9 I6,S 56 r8,ol3 18,750 2],856 ],+454 18,334 25,959 20,29 5 24,050

28~430 tp:,I44 49,2 17 35,9"7 33,331 40499 54,008 35,883 4<h957 49,5'3 53,421 55,187

6o6,492 1~253 r8~795 5.1ooo 75,ooo 1 1~617 51,758 43,616 47?,162 ]2,154 63}685 62.,216 sz,zo2 993,219 14,655 7•,599 49,537 72,184 8or,379 r6_,zo4 86:922 4.9,760 65,o6o 576,sz3 '7,564 94-.478 45,o9o ss,671 709,465 17,z:l9 S6,.t86 sJ,o2:z. 64-,520

1,75I,432 2r,z6o: 119:523 71,911 i Io8,833 I,2ZI,24-I Z,32l * 22dJO II t,329 54,02& ' 68,710

G64,o93 22~s4o , 121,89o 68,423 89,081 737,163 201488 : 104~581 61,054 751764 964~456 4,435 * :113:198 73l997 lOZ:649

r,:z_05,<)_~---·-'3"-,J"-9'-'J'----*---.!'Jc ______ -"'-'-.-'i-1_Z_c_<J,5._"'i_!_ 56,670 __ 7_9.868

*Where aste1i.sks occur the iniormation has not been furnish-ed.

For later information respecting ~Including beans and pease, except in the ca.se of New Sou;,h Wales and New Zealand. '?i lncludirJg land in fullow in most of the colonies. See footnote (l) to Table XV. post.

36-t •P3 376 5'3 6;5 6o5 743 739 890

1,092 1,198

492

5;'417 s,osi 4,97z 4-,5'4 4,164 4,297 "4-,I17 4,337 4,20:Z

1

14,)"· 4,2.So 4,59°

4I479 7°,•l-25 77404 93,S,p 87,051 64>407

104,674 ss451 72,121 88,4-76

1 119~1..95

95.358

733.+78 648,186 727,979 493,2!7 339.2 77 458,303 459,468 5°0 .911 J1J,o6o 347·340 3581606 473.535

* * • • • * * • • " * 8I,750

I,894 3,359 2,863 -t-,821

10,771 6,873 7,)85

Io,SI)

r r,634 IO,_S6I I 31233 18,]52

27,f69 2J,076

27,306 22,173 !8,354 ,s,J49 24,)13 27,o6I 27,935 34,2 14 +1 ,735 55.0 53 63~14-2 76,oo7

37,26! 313,700 35,268 Z76,874 36.265 375,430 30,033 428,1z8 33,996 478,879 35,763 soo,S 58 28,891 452,834 ZI,/47 1434,928 3J,I72 '1475.404 JJ,zy6 463.+94-

208

1,565 94t234

IOJ,t67 I I·h978 , J:W,376 !18, .. p8 II8 16go '34,6)6 137,681 I49.57' 153,382 189,376

594

9,668 6,942

970 739

31851 r6,S76

40,2)0

93,608 roo,I68 ro3,8 55 I1It9)0 ro8,)8o IO?,:Z.OI

I 12,003

I 10:438

I 9b,09T

rt5,82.7 IOj,I77

I

99,2 43 I0/,$07 121,497 J33,625 I40,I74 148,226 163,342 179,152 194-;.217

26,2.90 26,636' 2 9,}/9 I

33,502 30,691 32,Soi 32,41 I 34.568 Jl ,7 55 Jl,JZ5 p,88+ 37l1 I I

22,6!2 23,208 23,473 23')622

22~195

24~107

24,593 25,267 27,80) 25,857 z6,8+o 27,188

LIVE S:oocx.

1,343,093 I 16ro_.105 1,812,)76 z,079Y979 2,299,582 2 ,469,555 2,8o5,9~4 3,162,7 52 3,6r8,5I3 4,089,715 4,246,Ifi .:f.,266~17Z

f74,J8I r3 ~,342 .219,240 219,441 230,679 251)8oz 26612IJ J07JI77 3I4-,918 306,046 319,62o 3.8:;,?26

47,640 4-6,7+8 so,,p6 54,0)8 $2,057 s6,rs8 6o,6r7 63,719 63,009 65,473 6+,558 7I~I02

I06 1 jO~ 1I0,450 u8,694 124459 12G,88z rz,6,276 129,317 I27, 1 87 IJo,sz6 !22,J04 IJo,szs 128,834

7,268,946 7fi80,792 7,2 27,774 7,315!074 6,?-72,766 5,631}631· 6~033,034 6,935,967 8,1.92,883

IZ,043,893 n,s0 7A·75 5Jd08,9II

42,884 4-4-.5'7 46447 53.455 52~37I 50,301 64,686 66,248 56,438 50,097 ji,009 51,796

5,617,4 1 9 87,336 6,120,21 I 78,or9 6,IJ9;395 , lOo,56z 6,IJ3,2.9I : 102,295 6,o98,359 ; 104,527 6d77,Sr2 ( 103,f2z 6,q .. o,3 96 · 90,548 6,463,897 .: IJI:~OU 618to;856 , 120,718 6,388,366 6,6JJ,067 6,6y6,4-c6

I~2:ji,7I7

1,267,912 1,259,797 ''3'5· 1 55 I,547,o6r

I,J3I 1723 1,768,78 5 1,8r8,125 r,838,83I 1,835,970 1,783,6II 1,847,479 1,845,455 Il831;069 r,7zo,oz7

20,948 13,290 .t4A-20 t8,ro8 t8,g.:p. 16,762 20.397 24}23:?. 22,5:30 16,8g8 rS:5IZ

,20,039

59.6?,8 5I,+68 47,664 6o,68r 55~652 39.595 38,610 48,029 49,66o 47,827 55,774 57,3°3

Yea-r.

1873 I874 I875 1876 I8i7 1878 1879 r8So 188r

I r88z r883 1884

1873 !874 1875 18"6 x877 I878 1879 I88o I88I 188z 1883 1884

1873 I 1874- I 18j) I8j6 I IB77

Name of Colony.

West ern Australia

1878 I' ~Tasmania x879 1 r8So I 188r I 1882 1883 I x88+ !J

? For ex;p!anation oi apparent falling off in the shipping rdurn<> of Queensl2..nd, see footnote to Table IX. post. 8 In Lhe ?\:ew !oi:cu..ln.nd re1;urns the lli.nd unda permanent <tl'tiftcial grass, which in other colonies is classed wJtb grc<Jn foragc1 is not considered as under cultivation. See footnote (8) to Tabl~ XV. po~t.

HENHY HEYLYN HAYTER, Government Statist of Victoria.

B

5

Sm,

REPORT.

OFFICE OF THE GovERNMENT STATIST,

Melbourne, 10th Octo her, I 8 8 5.

I have the honour to present the full tables of the Australasian Shttistics for the year I 884.

2. On the 2 sth August, a summary containing the leading features of these Statistics was published by me in the Government Gazette for general information. All the details required for eompleting the present tables had not then reached me, and some delay has occurred in obtaining them from certain of the . colonies, to which it has been necessary to make repeated references before accurate information could l)e procured. Henee the reason that the present tables have not been puhlished sooner.

3. The information given in the Australasian Statistics of previous years has been brought on to date and considerably added to, the total numher of tables ( exelusive of the table relating to Fiji) being now 17, as against I 3 last year and only Io in the previous year. The following are some of the points on which fresh particulars are given upon the present occasion :-

Tahle IV.-Public Revenue. The portion of the revenue of each colony set down under the head of taxation is divided, so as to show separately the amount raised from Customs duties. The revenue derived from post and telegraphs is also distinguished.

No. SI.

Table V.-Public Expenditure. This is altogether a new table, the state­ment of expenditure having been on former occasions given in a single column embodied in the same table as the revenue. The total amount expended in each colony is now divided, so as to show the expenditure on railways, post and telegraphs, interest and expenses of public deht, immigration, and other services.

' . Table VI.-Expenditure fi·om Loans. This is alsD a uevr table ; it contains

a statement of the expenditure during the year of the proceeds of loans raised in each colony on railways, on water supply, on immigration, and on other services.

Table VII.-Public Debt. In addition to the total amount of the public debt of each colony, this tahle contains for all the colonies~ except New Zealand, a statement of the proportions borrowed for railways, for water supply, for immigration, and for other purposes.

Table X.-Railways. To the information previously embodied in this table the receipts and working expenses of the railways are now given, as 1s also the capital cost of the railways in all the colonies.

c

4f)fj

8

Table XI.-Postal Returns. This ts a new table. It shows for all the colonies the number of post offices, and the number of letters and post­cards and of newspapers despatched and received.

Table XII.-Electric Telegraphs. Ou former occasions, some information respecting the eleetric telegraphs was embodied in the same table as the rail ways. The present table contains not only the length of line and wire open and being erected, as before, but also a statement of the number of telegrams received and despatched and the amount rceeived for transmitting telegrams in the different colonies.

Table XIII.-Crown Lands. This table has been considerably altered. Besides the information usually given, it distinguishes the land sold by auction from that otherwise alienated, and gives, where possible, particulars respecting the extent granted without purchase, sold, and selected under the deferred payment system in the vadous colonies from their first settlement, so as to show the extent of the unalienated residue of the public estate at the present time. It is to he regretted that the information is not complete in regard to 'Vestern Australia and Tasmania.

4· The Statistics of Fiji, as in previous years, are not combined with tllose of the other colonies in the general tables, hut are published in a separate table after the others. ·

5. The present being the twelfth issue of the Australasian Statistics, the folding sheet at the commencement· now contains a summary of the items for each year from I 87 3 to I 8 84.

6. In my last year's report upon the Australasian Statistics I pointed out that the estimates of population were not reliable in any of the colonies. These estimates, as I have often explained, are based upon the excess of registered births over registered deaths, and the excess of recorded arrivals by sea over recorded departures hy sea, applied to the population as brought on from year to year from the census as a starting point. The deaths and the arrivals hy sea are recorded with an amount of accuracy which leaves little to he desired ; hut a certain number of the births and of the departures by sea escape notice. The non-registration of births would, of course, cause the estimates to under-state the truth; but so much care is now exercised in all the colonies under well-organized registration systems, that the estimates are only slightly affected by this cause. The defective record of departures hy the seaboard is, however, a serious matter, and it is to be regretted the respective colonies do not see the desirability of adopting a more perfect system. As it is, those leaving the various colonies unrecorded are far in excess of the infants whose births are not registered, and so the estimates of population always under-state the truth. It will be remembered that the last census showed that, by au accumulation of ovC'r-estimates extending over ten years, the estimate of the population of the Australian continent was then too high by IOI,26o. It is probable that a general census of the Australasian colonies taken at the present time would show that the numbers of the population of this continent, as given in Table I., had been OYer-stated hy fully half that number, and that the estimates for the insular colonies were· also too high hy a somewhat similar proportion. Of course it is possible that in one or more of the continental colonies the unrecorded loss by the seaboard may be wholly or partially made up by arrivals overland from some of the other of those colonies; but this will ohviously not affect the over-estimates of Australia taken as a whole.

9

7· I should poiht out that the Victorian returns of revenue and expenditure are prepared upon a different principle from those of New South Wales; the over­payments to the revenue, afterwards refunded, being in the Victorian statements placed in parallel columns with the amounts received, and at once deducted therefrom, the net amounts being placed in a third column, which is always dealt with as that showing the revenue. In New South 'Vales, on the other hand, the refunds are not deducted from the revenue, hut are placed under the head of expenditure1 both revenue and expenditure thus being swelled thereby. It is not easy fi·om the official statements of "Puhlie Accounts" in I\ ew South Wales to ascertain the full extent to which this expansion of hoth sides of the account occurs; hut it can be easily asceitained from the statement for 1883 that in that year at least £232,599, viz., £194,948 set dmvn as refunds and £37,65I as dmwbacks on the re-exportation of dutiable goods, are included in and go to swell both the revenue and the expenditure of that colony, whereas they would not be so included in Victoria. It is not known whether a similar system of cross-entry prevails in the other Australasian colonies, but· it is probable that such entries are not so rigidly excluded in any of the colonies as they are in Victoria.

8. Until the last two years it was the practice in Queensland to enter vessels arriving in and departing from the colony at every port they called at along the coast, the shipping returns of that colony being unduly swelled thereby ; hut '''ithin the period named this has been rectified, and the vessels now are counted only once, viz., at the final port of arrival and departure. The Collector of Customs in New South 'Vales, Mr. James PoweH, informs me that a somewhat similar practice has prevailed as between Sydney and Newcastle, vessels with cargo on hoard which called at the two ports being set do\vn as entered and cleared at both, which, of course, has gone to swell incorrectly the returns of the New South 'Vales shipping, taken as a whole. Mr. Powell tells me, however, that he has ordered a separate local account to he kept at Newcastle in future, so that, after this, the returns will be accurate and upon the same principle as those of Victoria, where, no matter .lww many ports ships may call at, they never appear more than once in the returns.

9· 'Vith reference to the returns of imports, I may remark that there is reason to believe the values are considerably over-stated in some, if not all, the colonies. This probably arises from the fact that the price set down in the merchant's invoice is that upon which the Customs valuation is based, whereas the invoice price, ou the hasis of which sales are effected in the colony, is often purposely entered much above the actual value. This was pointed out in a carefully written article entitled "The Customs Returns for I 884,'' published in the S,ydney .l~fonzing HeTald of the 22nd ult., where it was clearly shown that the Customs value set on goods in New South 'Vales was in many instances even higher than the retail price of those goods in that colony; and that in I 884 the over-valuation of imported sugar amounted to £25o,ooo,

. of tea to £I 5o,ooo, of dried fruits to £ 5o,ooo, of jams and jellies to £2 5,ooo, of rice to £4o,ooo, of cement to £55,ooo, and of preserved fish to £3o,ooo. So thnt these seven articles, valued according to the Customs returns at £2, I 54,6 I 2, were really worth only £I,554,612, or £6oo,ooo less, a difference of 28 per cent., whieh propQrtion, applied to the total declared value of imports iu New South Wales, would reduce it from £22,826,98 5 to £I 6,435,ooo. It is not, howeYer, believed that all the goods are over-valued in the same proportion as those named. I have examined the Victorian returns, so far as time has permitted, aud find that the over-valuations disclosed

4()'f

10

respecting the New South Wales returns apply equally to them, except in the case of the goods subject to ad valorem duties, the value of which, for obvious reasons, is not over-stated. It is believed that the exports are also over-valued, especially so far as the article wool is concerned, but that the total is not affected to the same extent as that of the imports. I intend to look further into the matter, but may remark that, from the indefinite manner in which many articles are returned in the various colonies, e.g., cotton, linen, silk, or woollen "manufactures," "haberdashery and millinery," "drapery," &c., also from the fact of the number of packages being often given

. instead of the number, weight, or measurement of the articles, considerable difficulties lie in the way of arriving at accurate conclusions.

10. These Statistics will, as usual, be carefully dissected and commented upon in future issues of the Victorian Year-Book.

I have the honour to be, Sir,

Your most obedient servant,

HENRY HEYLYN HAYTER,

Government Statist. The Honorable the Chief Secretary,

&c., &c., &c.

A USTILALASIAN S'l'A'l'ISTICS, 1884.

TABLE I.-POPULATION, 1884.

(Exclusive o.f Aborigines, except a few in Victoria and New South ·wales.)

On the 31St December. Estimated Mean Population of the Year.

Same of Colony. I I

Females. • Total. l\fales.

Victoria 87,884 $10,6)9 IIJ' 32 444,46o 946,100

Sew South Wales 30<),175 511,~57 911,268 • ~~·69 So·~ 399,4~< I 89s.~s9

Queensland 668,U4 182,441 30<).91l I4P2 69'87 121,478 1g8,694

South Australia 903,415 16.;,877 JI2,78I ' llt"48 8970 145.915 308,648

\Vestcrn Australia 975.920 i IS,~J 31,958 1~'91 76'97 14,015 j2,J29

-·---·-•rota! .. 2,9+4,618 I,J87,857 2,5j8,Ig6 120"65 81·89 I 1126,z.So 2,48t,o6o

Tasmania 26,375 6g,qo 1JO,HI uz:6o 88•81 60,J25 n8,381

~ew Zealand .• 104,027 J06,667 564,304 119'03 84'01 552,591

Grand Total 3,07),0)0 1,76J,664 I ,469,377 J,1}l,O.j.I IlO'OJ 8J'll },1~,032

~OTE.-In consequence of pcrsoug leavin~ by mea with nut their departure being recorded, there is no doubt that, in most of the colonies, the c~timatcd population, as given in the table, 1s higher than the a.ctnn.l population; aud although it may be possible, ln the case of a continentn.l colony~ that the loss by may be made up by overland immigrnt.:on at the expense of its neighbours, yet, until some better syst€m of recording the departures by sea adopted, the figures for the insular colonies and for the whoie of Australia nnd the whole of Australasia will a.Jv,:ays overstate the truth.

1 On the 3ctlt June, 1885, the estimated p(lpu1a.tion of Vletoria was 973,403, viz., 517,71.6 males and 455,677 females •

.., On the 1oth June, r885, the estimated population of New South ·wales was 947,986, viz., 57..7 1917 males and 42.01o6l} females.

" On the 1st October, r885j the estimated total population of So,uth Australia vvu.s ]20A.5I.

TABLE H.-BIRTHS, DEATHS, AND MARRIAGES, 1884.

Same of Colony.

Total.

Victoria 14,844 14~006 11,505

Sew South Wales 17.417 16,5~9 8,325 5,895 14,220

Queensland 5.399 s,z.So 10,679 4.6g4 ~,167 6,861

;-;outh Australia 6,o51 5.796 II,847 2,638 2,151

'\Yestern Australia 564 s;o '·"'>4 459 248

Total 00 44,275 42.,141 86,416 23,791 !6)291

Tasmania 2,251 l,f83 8o7

~ ew Zealand ••

Grand Total

l- 'l~he numbers in these two columns doubled give the total number of per&on& married u.nd UJe number married ln proportion to every thousand of the mean population.

' In calculating these results the moan populatlons shown in the last column of Table I, have been used.

4(}9

12 A'CSTRALASIAN STATISJ'ICS, 1884.

TABLE III.-IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION, 1884.

Number of Immigrant:::.

Pnassisted. Total.

Name of Colony.

Victoria

New South Wales

Queensland

South Australia

West ern Australia

Total Tasmania

New Zcnlmul

Grand Total

- L_ ! [l 71.,202 49,901 Z.2,)CI 7X.11..C2.

64,918 49-972 22.5f41 72,486 25,638 36,883

39.495 !8,;66 ;S,o6r 10,406 3,735 14,14!

2r,668 10,554 J1..,1.)2.

II,N6 6.874 18,6•o

875 333

from 0;-~·,;z.h~ ~~~~:.uon and Emigmtlon in this table Is by sea. Xo official uceount ts, or enn be, taken of the 11umbcr of persons going overland 1

The figures in these columns understate the truth. 1\Iany persons lea\'C all the colonies hy scn wltltont their depart1ue being noted • .., In con:;equenc.'e of the Emigration returns bei.ng defective, s.s stated in the la~t footnote, th*" figures in these columns are too high. s According to Imperial retnriL;;;, the number of persons who left the United King(1om for the ALL'Itralaslan colonies In 1884 was 45,944, and the

number who returned to t.he United Kingdom from these ~olonles.was 8/J94· The excess in favour of departures was thus 37,2.50.

TABLE IV.-PUBLIC REVENUE, 1884. (Exclusive of Revenue .from Loans.)

Name of Colony.

Victoria 2 ••• • ••

New South Wales ... Queensland South Australia Western Australia.,.

Total

Tasmania• New Zealand

Grand Total

Customs Duties.

£ I,769,I08 I 17Z618I I

9I4,372 5I7,489 I I7,478

),045,258

Taxation.

Other Tax.es.J,

£ 549.4IZ 4

426,044 I76,o7J 46,352

9,86o

I 12o7,74I

I,ublic Revenue derived from-

Total Crown Railways. and Other Revenne. Lands. Sources.

£ £ £ £ £ £ 349,278 468,3 JI 5.934,687 44-2,964 466,p6 7,I I7.592 I6J,J23 ISJ,978 -z.,67J,554 I84,I77 273,657 z,o24,92.8 n,s I4 J8,I65 290,JI9

I,Isz,zs6 I,400,647

35,284 6o,8o3 274.902 I 34,370

I,462,442 I,595,8zo

Hcvenue per Head of Population from 5 -

Total Name of Colony.

i Prr;r~~~~~~e of TiLXtl.tion.

•

Uevenue -~~ - -~~~~ ~ Cr<l'Wn Post and Other per

Railways. by Taxation. Oth(\r La1ul~. . Teif'gra_phs. Sources. Head. Customs. Tow!. Source.s. I ·-· PC'r Ct·nt. £ s. d. £

Victoria' ... ... ... 39' 07 I 18 0 0

N cw South 'Vales ... ... 30~2..5 I ,g 7 0

Queensland ... ... 4°'79 3 I 3 0

South Australia ... . .. 27'84 I IJ 7 0

We8tern Austmlia .• ... i 43 ·86 3 12 8 0

Total ... ... 34·66 2 0 II 0

Tasmania' ... ... 6z·66 I I9 9 0 X cw Zealanll ... ... 50'.j.2 2 !I 0 0

Grand Total ••• I 37.97 2 2 8 0

N'oTE.------The finant'ial year terminates on tllc JOtll.June in for Victoria, but the gross revenue for .N;.:vo SoL;th \Vales and probaldy

1 The amonnts in this column nrc made UJl of Excise other than those for fees of otlicc; le.;.:at:J', suctc~rion, nnd pl'Ohat<'· Govcru:nent,lcvied distinctl~· at: n. t;JX; 1\ut (!XdtuUug f{'('S, licences, awl

--~~

s. d. £ s. d. £ 8. d. £ 8. .! £ s. d. I£ s. d. £ s. d. II 10 2 9 10 0 I 5 5 2 4 81 0 7 6 0 IO I 6 7 6

9 6 2 8 I I I9 2 2 II , I 0 9 I I 0 IO 5 ~ Ig 0 :>! 8 II 9 3 '3 0 2 2 s z 2 4' 0 IO I I 0 [0 + I9 0

3 0 I 16 7 I 5 7 , I '9 5 0 11 II 0 '7 ~ .. ~ II 3

6 I 3 I8 9 2 I7 5 0 IZ I 0 7 9 I 3 19 7 ~---

9 10 2 IO 9 I 9 2 z 5 9 0 9 4 0 li 4 7 6 4

I3 IO 2 I' J 7 0 10 2 0 6 Io ' 0 5 6 0 9 6 4 5 ~ I

I6 8 3 7 8 0 I3 I I I '7 IO 0 9 II 0 4 10 6 I4 2

1I 2 z I3 IO I 5 8r 2 9 0 9 4 0 IO 2 ~ I 9 I

but ou the JISt December in all tlu• other colonie:". Tbe net revenue is given for the oth.or colonies. Sec paragraph 7 of He port ante.

in(;ludin,g lh:cnces impo~Pd 'for re\'CIIUC purposes~ dutie:-; on Lank note_..; stamps, aml income taxes ; and any other impost, payable to the General

rendered. 2 According to a pr€limlmu:y stn,h:'meut made Hp in

dtn•in~ the year ended Jctll Ju:1c, 1885, \Ye-rt: a~ foltu\Y from :uaihvays~ £:1,:z:;:;c,o67 from other sourcel'1 £88o,o.p -'foto.l revcnucj

of the Lcgislau-ve Assembly, the figure~ for Victoria. otllee taxc~. £624,162 ~ from Crown luwlF:, £666,845; total ('Xpenlliturc, £6,:112.5I7. The estimated mean

expenditure per head -..vns £6 9s. 5d.; and tile taxation population of the same was 96c,ooo; tlwrcfore the revenue pet· per head was £2. I 38-

:J The figures for Tasmania are subjl•ct to future "' The proportion of the revenue of V!rtorjn a.nd New 5 In ealcnlating the amc•unts for Victoria., the

of tnean population shown in the last column of Table

from " Otber Taxes" ha~ the year 188;-4 (930,94c)

p .. 'lrtly estimate1t been tnkeu. :For the other eo lonies the figures

AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS, 1884. 13 ~------·--·-

!\·amc of Colon}'.

Victoria' New South Wales Queensland South Austmlia Western Australia

Total

Tasmania' Xew Zealand

Grand Total

N nmc of Colony.

Victoria' ::-few South ·wales Queensland ... South Australia \V estern Australht

Total

Tasmania 3

New Zealand

... !

.•• I • ~. !

TABLE V.-PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, 1884. ( E.,clusive of Expendit!ire from Loans.)

l'ui;lie Expenditure on-

Railways. Intcrf'st

Post IDHl and Expenses of Jmmigra.tlon~ Telegraphs. l'ubUc Ucllt.

£ £ £ £ 50I,260 1,2I 5,070 47 47l,2)4 1,07 I ,o66 ·5o,Szo 28!,417 709,265 I 11$24 200,628 6o6,734 J3,641

26,18o 3J.s6o 20,0:::>0 2'

1,481,739 3,63s,69 s u6,o22

54,048 137,899 2 50,J77 1,699.764

1,786,164 u6,ozz

Interest Railways. and Expenfl.cs of

Public Debt. Immigration.

£ s. d. £ s. £ .9. d. £ s • d. 4 10 0 10 9 6

12 5 10 7 3 IO 0 2 4 7 0 !8 10 2 7 6 0 0 9 6 4 I I9 4 2 2

0 I2 0 9

7 7 9 6

0 8 6 I 3 2 6

6 0 I I4 IO

Total Expenditure.

£ 2,841,881 5•7 I 5,293 3,8071570 6,8 5J,189 I,J81,938 2,751,8)1 x,xso,923 21398,191

192,o88 291 0307

9.374.400 x8,oo9,831

339.362 584,047 I 1512,092 4,IOI,JI8

-------u,zz5,854 22,69),196

Total Expenditure

Other Services. per Hend.

s. d. £ 8, d. I 6 2 9

7 13 12 7 9 4 I4 7 7 I) !8 IO 9 0

I6 0 7 6 0

2 !2 IQ 4 I I 0 2 14 8 7 s

II 4 7 ... }\oTE.~ For !.late on,, hi eh the financmJ year terminates in eneh cotolly, see Sote to last table. 'l'he net cx.}}enditnrc is giYell for t'ittoria, hut the

grOMS cxpcnditnrc for :New South '\Vales and probably also ful' the other colonle8-. See paragrtlph 7 of Report ante. 1 For later figures of Victorian expenditure, Fif'C footnote 1. to last table. :. 1'his amount was not actually cxpewlcd durlug the ye.::tr, but was appropriated to form an" Imlnigl'ation Fund." ,, 'l'he 1igures for Tasmania n.re subject to future rcvh•ion. '* In ea1culating the amnunts for Yietoria. the mean population during the year 1883-4 (9J0:940) has been taken, For the other co1oni~s the

:figures of mean popuin.1ion shown 1n the lai:'t column of 'l'ablc 1. have becu used.

TABLE VI.-EXPENDITURE FROM LOANS, 1884.

Expenditure from Loans on-

:Name of Cotony.

Railways. ''"nter Supply .. Immigration.

£ Victoria New Sonth ·wales Queensland South Australia

6I,695

Western Australia

Total 61,695

Tasmania ... 20$,701 13,679 New Zealand 769,2 I4 9·I78 98,232

Grand Total ... 7,Io6,3o2 812,879 I7J,6o6

Name of Colony. Railways. Water Supply. Immigration. Other Purposes.

£ ... d. £ ... d. £ s. d. Victoria 0 6 7 0 2 3 New South Wales 0 8 2 0 8 6 Queensland 0 I 0 4 2 0 17 South Australia 0 7 Western Australia

Total 0 0 6

Tasmania I I2 0 0 2 2 5 ::-few Zealand 7 IO 0 0 4 4 II

Grand Total ... 2 2 0 5 2 0 I2 4

Total Expenditure fron Loans.

£ I,6oo,233 3,673.936 I,509,447 I,I4I,07I

I63,452

8,o88,IJ9

384,037 I,565,748

I0,037,924

Total Expenditure from Loans per

Head.

--------£ s. d. I I4 5 4 2

13 0

7 IO 8

9

NoTE.~In this table the figures for Victnria relate to the year end~(l 3oth June, r884; those for South AustraUa: to the year ended 3oth Jllne, 1885; hut those for the other CC'lonies to the year ended 31st Deeember, 1884.

411

14 AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS, 1884.

TABLE VII.-PUBLIC DEBT, 1884.

(On the 3ut December.)

Public Debt contracted for

Name of Colony. Totall'ublic Debt.

Railways. Water Supply. Immigration. I Other l)urpescs.

--~-~--- ------- ~-~--------- ·---

£ £ £ I £ £

Victoria l ... . .. 21,617,673 3,482,074 . .. 2,426,920 2],526,667

New South Wales 2 ... 24,340,191 1,057,674 387,663 4.3•6,43' :;o,Io1,959

Queensland ... . .. 10,338,515 370,163 1,885,387 3,8zs,78 5 I6,419,85o .

South .Australia ... g,J36,J08. 1,:uo,g7o ... 4.926,522 I 5,47 3,8co-

1V estern Australia. ... 556,675 . .. ... 208,325 76 s,ooo

-------Total ... . .. 66,,8g,362 6,12o,881 2,273,050 15,70J,g83 go,zS;,z;6

Tasmania ... ... 1,279,000 . .. 227,100 I,6g6,zoo 3120:Z,3CO

New Zealand ... ... "' " .. "' 32,86o,982'

1-

Grand Total ... .. .. .. .. n6,Jso,sss

--------

Debt per Head of Population contracted for'-:Number of

Name of Colony. Total Deht per Healt. Years' 1{{•\"CHne

Railways. Water Supply. j Immigration. Other Pnrposcs. Debt i~ t:qual to.8

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ 8. d. £ s. d.

Victotia 1 ... ... 22 9 9 3 12 6 ... 2 10 6 z8 12 9 4 •64-

:New South Wales 26 8 5 I 8 5 I 32 13 6 4'23 ... 2 II 0 4 13 9 I

Queensland ... . .. 33 7 2 I 3 IO 6 I 8 12 6 Io 52 '9 6 6· 14

South Australia ... 29 17 0 3 17 5 ... '5 IS 0 I 49 9 5 7'64

Western Australia ... x6 17 10 ... . .. 6 6 5 23 4 3 2'64

I

Total ... ... 26 I 5 2 8 3 0 18 0 6 3 9 35 II 5 5'00

Tasmania ... . .. 9 15 I I ... I 14 IO 12 19 IO 24 IQ 7 5'83

New Zculand ... ... " * .. .. ss 4 8 8·86

Grand Total ... * .. "' .. 39 I 7 5'67

-Where asterisks occur the infoimation has not been furnished or cannot ba completed.

• On the Joth June, 1885, the Public Debt of Victoria was £JI,757,407. The estimated population at that date was 97l.40J, and the approximate revenue nf tlle financial year ended with that date was £6,1.90,651· The amount of indebtedness per head was thus £J2. JZs. 6d., and the debt was equivalent to s·os years' revenue.

' New South Wales has just (7th October, 1885) floated in Lonclon a fresh loan of £s.soo,ooo, which increases her debt by that amonnt.

:l Including £959;300 contracted for railways iu the Northm·n Torritory. · "' For the old provincial loans of ::S~w Zealand no details of the purposes for which they were raised can 00 given; but out of a total or£zt,8oo,954

ex}H'IH1ed from the Loan Account sin('-C 1870~ £11,616,754 was for UaHwa.n:-1, £54Z,Zt.9 for Wa.tcrn·orks (gold-fields only), £t.,OC)3,94t. for lmmigratiour an<l £7.548,oz9 for other purposes. The Accrued Sinking Fund of .New Zealand amounted on the 31st December to £•,9B3,40J. 'fhe net liability \vu.s therefore £19,877,579·

s In calculating these results, the populations on the JISt December shown in the :flftb column of Table I. have been used~

o: In calculating these results, the figures of public revenue given in Table IY. have been used.

·'

AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS; 1884. i5

TABLE VIII.-IMPORTS AND EXPORTS, 1884.

'rotat Vnlue of Import>. Total Value of Exports.

~a.mc oi Colouy.

Victorht New South \Vales Queensland South Australia Western Australia

Tasmania New Zealand

Grand Total

Same of Colony.

Victoria ~ew South ·wales Queensland South Australia \Y estern Australia

Total

Tasmania ~ew Zealanu

Grand Total .... i

}'rom other Atu:itralasian

Colonie:s.

.£ 6,475,915 8,I7J,268 3,525,077 1,846,126

254,121

.J!~rnm other Austral!:tl'iim

Colonies.

£ ... d. 6 16 Il

9 2 7 II !6 1

5 19 8 7 17 3

8

7 4 11

2 19 2

7 4 6

From other Countries.

£ ... d. 13 9 0 16 7 4

9 11 4 12 12 !I 8 2

13 17

13 10 18

13 0

Total. To other

Au~traln&ian Colonies.

To other Couttt-ries.

£ 10,223,639 9,868,g67 1,815,291 4.757.788

339.186

27,004,871

Ya.lue per Head of Export.P. 1

To·ot11er To other Total. Australa.:;:.ian Countrjcs.

Co1onies.

£ s . d. d. 20 5· 11 2 19 4 25 9 II 6 20 7 10 21 7 5 6 15 12 11 !8 12 7 3 21 9 2 16 2 s 10 12. 11 0

22 0 10 9 18 IO 11

12 18 0 0 11 -9 11 13 17 I 12 !6 8

20 4 Il Il 17 3 i

Total.

£ 16,oso,465 18,251,506 4.673,864 6,623,704

405,693

46,oo5,232

1,47 s.8 57 7,og1,667

Value of Exports oi

Home P·roduce.

£ 13,155·484 14,595.736 4.553477 5>292,221.

404,000

J8,ooo,919

1,.j.481714 6,gp,486

46,Jg2,ll9

Exports of Home Froduce.

I3 2 81'96 16 79'97 15 4 II 97'43 17 2 11 79'9° 12 9 11 99' ss 15 6 4 82•6o

11 98•16 12 11 97'9°

14 13 ss ·o1

~o't'E,-Tlwre is reason to hcUeYe that both imports aml exporh. (e:specjn,llr the former) nre overvalued in most of the colonies. 1 ln calculating these results, tile mean popula.tions shown in the last column of •raiJlc I. have liecn used.

TABLE IX.-SHIPPING, 1884.

Total.

::-lame of Colony.

Vessels. To us. Vessels. Tuns. Vessels. 'fons.

----------: -------. ' Victoria I 1,986 I,S6g,I62 1,g8g 1,582,425 3,975 3,1SI,587 New South Wales 1 I 2,093 2,284,517 J1010 2,376,441 ) 1 10J 4,66o,gs8 Queensland"

I 1,042 572,124 1,061 579,g88 2,103 1,1 :)2,1 12

Houth Au"trnlia 1,120 909,335 I 1I I I 92 5,197 2,231 I,834,532 We>tern Australia ••• I 231 227,88! 211 21),005 442 442,886 -------Total 6,472 5,s6 3,ot 9 7,382 s,679,os6 IJ,854 11,242,075

Tasmania 676 3°4.574 664 3og,624 1,340 614,198 New Zealand Ssz sz.9,1 88 872 534,242 1,724 1,o63,430 1-·---Grand Total 8,ooo 6,3g6,781 8,gt8 6,5zz,g22 16,918 12,919,703

1 In consc,lucnce of vcssols with cargoes on hoard which ua.U at Sydnc,.v a.wJ Newcastle being counted at both ports, the figures for New Sonth Wale• somewhat over-state the tmth.

11 Th~ _figu1·es relating ~o Q~eens_land hfwe ht"en mnch s~na.llcr in the last, two ;rears than in previ()us ones,. in consequence of vessels arr1vm~( a.t and dcpa.rtmg from Qt:eem;la.nd port.s, b?t wh1ch happen to put l!lto other. ports ?f Queensland on thcu voya.ge

1 being only

counted once, v1z., at the final port of a.rrtval or departure, mHtcad of at each port or call us 111 prevwu;; years. It has been pointed out that the footnote to a tttUlc tihuilat· to thh; in the Australa:sian ~tati:;.tict>, 1883, was uot strictlv currod inabmuch ru; Ye$~H::.l::~ Cll'"atred solely iu the coat!tlug trade ha' c nc...-er Uecu h1dudctl in the ret~rn::~ of (lueenslaud. " ' 0

D

No. 81. D

4l3

11) AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS, 188.t.

TABLE X.-RAILWAYS, 1884.

On the 31st December.

Name ol Colony. Ua.ilvta;rs Open. Ucecipts during Working Expenses

Year. during Year. in Course

1----~~ Construction.

Length. Ca.r;ital t!o~t.

--- ------~---- I· ----~ ---- ---

Miles._ £ Miles. £ £

Victoria ... ... ... 1,663 21,89J,386 39 1 1,119,023 678,749

New South 'Vales 2 ... 1,665 zo,o8o,q8 391 z,o86,237 1,3or,zs9

Q ueensland ... ... 1,207 8,631,835" 746. 6J0,6JI 35?.53 5 South Australia ... ... r,o;g 7,273,520 263 6o6,539 3sz,723

Western Australia .•• ... uS s 38r,88; 48 zo,8og 18,114

--------Total ... ... 5,712 ;8,z6o,764 1,487 4,463,239 217J8,j8o

Tasmania' ... ... 215 1,793.939 159 II4,768 95.748

New Zealand 7 ... ... 1,570 II 1810,194 158 1,045.712 6go,oz6

---~----

Grand Total ... 7.497 71,864,897 1,8o4 ;,623,719 3,524,154

J 1 In Victoria., besides the lines in Course of construction, there were r,z.c_t miles authorized but not commenced. (I Including 45 miles of J1rlvate railw-ay, but exclusive of 3) rt1iles of GO\'ernment tra.m\\"ay. The gross receipts from the ln.ttcr amounted

to £111,454, and the working expenses to £.zr),o86. :s Including cost of lines in progress. • Including railways authori~ed. ' Including 41 miles of privat-e railway. « Including 170 miles of private lines,. of which u:z. miles are guo.ranteed the Government. These were construt:ted at a capit.a1 cost of

oCI,318,445; ~nd in t884 yielded a gross revenue of £8;,6<)3, whilst the working amounted to .£75,195·

' The fignres for New Zealand a.re for the yea.r ended 31st March, 1885. A private railway, 91 miles in length, is ineluded.

TABLE XI.-POSTAL RETURNS, 1884.

! Number Despatched and Heccivcd of-

Ntmlc of Colony. Number of Post Offices.

Letters and Post Canis. Newspapers.

-------- ""··-

Victoria ... ... . .. 1,342 33,40J,884 15,14),067

New South 'Vales ... ... 1,o85 42,237,000 2 s,o6J,soo

Queensland ... "' ... 569 8,929,825 7,5°2.7 59

South Australia ... . .. 555 12,osr,482 6,890,810

Western Australia .... . .. 78 1124I,426 949.55(>

Total ... ... ... 3,629 9?,863,617 55.549,69 2

Tasmani(l, ... ... .. . 234 3,828,o87 3,J31,198

New Zealand ... . .. 967 J6,411,40I 14,093.742

·-1-Grand Total ... ... 4,830 1j8,1CJ,I05 72,974,632

N!tmc of Colony.

Victoria New South Wnles Queensland ... South Australht ·western Australia

Total

Tasmania" New Zealand

Grand Tot:tl

AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS, 1884.

TABLE XII.-ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, 1884.

4,020 9·755 6,979 ),230 I,885

On the ;rst December.

34,806

Jiilcs of Wil·c.

8I 6;8 336 72

450

1.)97

45 I88

I,83o

Total.

8,I 36 19,339 II,6J6 7,905 2,347

49.363

1 1761 ro,66z

6I,786

17

Telegratus Received and Receipts.' Despatched

during the Y car.

£ I,594·2 96 8?,607 z,334,052 I46,386 I 1 I22,55J 74,887

7JI,rz.8 73,8 SI g6,I84 6,437

389,r68

204,I52 1 7:7I7 I,654,305 8o,6z6

7·736,670 487,5II

1 The [!.mounts received are not strictly comparahlc with the telegrams received ancl despatched, since many public telct,rmms are included, ·which are tra.nsmittcd free of cost.

;! Including •H milPS of poles and wire bclongiug to thf: :\Iain Line Hnllwa~· Company; ahw the ~ra~ni.a.ninn cable. 18o miles long-·wllich also belongs to a private comp::my~ supported by Government g'tlUrnnt~e-couneeting- Tasmnuia. with the Austn\.lian (:untinen~, ut Flindcrs; Viduria. The number of telegrams transmitted on sndi prhrnttllincJ:~ in 1884 '"as 47.;u, and the revenue thercfrmn was X8,7o7,

TABLE XIII.-CROWN LANDS ALIENATED AND IN PROCESS OF ALIENATION.

Hming the Y mr '8R4.

Area in Acres. Selected under ~ystem of

Name of Colony. Deferrorl Pnyments.

A veragc rrtce Atca. Purehasc per Acre. J\[oney;.t

Acres. £ £ s. d. Acl'es. £

'43,648 4 734,092 750,492 433.338 I 9 5 1,453.937 I,526,2o1

'victo.rirt )6,245.760 New South Wales 197,872,000

75,739 54 IS 3 642,405 642,405 24,452 7 IO 525.455 6ss,533 141921 0 7 6 3o,86o 15,430

Queensland 427,663,360 South Australia 578,I921ooo W estcrn Australia 6z4,588,8oo

'l'otal. .. I,884,561,920 388,468 6g21098 IS 8 3,386,749 i 3.59J,o6I

Tasmania I6,88o,ooo .. .. , * *

,. New Zealand 66,s77,16o 96,267 128,094 6 7 48,soz 72:7 so

Grand Total ... 1,g68,o19,o8o .. * .. *

At the End of 1884.

Nani.e of COlony. Granted without Purclla;..c from

Flrst Settlement Area. I->urehase of Colony.

Payments~·l Money.

Acres. £ £ s. d. Acl'cs. Acres.

Vlctoritt IJ,989,3II ZI,J4) 1J62 I IO 6 g,207 7,739.422 New South WaleR 20,247,047 • * 4,067,375 t6,J6J,3II Queens laud 7,087,702 +,8so,1o9 0 I3 64,279 4,ogi,9I9 South Australia 6,638,476 8,57I,849 5 IO 335,000 J,697,096 ·western Australia I,759,246 .. ... *" l97>3+4

Total ... 49,72I,782 .. * 4.47),861 32,o89,092

Tasmania .. "' "' .. New Zeal:t11Cl I2,744,65I 12,434,456 0 19 6 5,064,882

Grand Total * .. *

2

c. 'Vllere astcl'isk:s ot.:cur the information has not been furnished or ~nnot be complete[t 1 lucludln~ land soli! by pri"·atc contrat't, &c.,

GrtiJJtcd without

Purchase,

AcreR.

74 6,725

29 20,000

7;877

34>705

* IZI,6I I

"'

Acre;;;,

21,737.940 40,677,733 II 1243 1900 10,67o,572

I,9s6,5go

Acres.

769,6I2 1,7)4,84z

643,817 56J,020

7&,6JI

3,8091922

69,6I6 266,380

41I45 1gi8

Extent neithert A HeiJa.ted nor

in Proees~· ~ of AUenati~";l. '

Acres.

34.507,820 I 57,I94,267 416,4I9,460 567, )21 14Z8 62z,6J2,21o

1,798,2751185

12,476,nz 48,276,o241

1,s59,oz7,32t

::. The purdtn~e money of lanfi selecte1l during 1884 in Quef'Of'lanll 1 Western Australia, and Sew ZoalatHl-.which wa3 not rttrnishc(l-lut~ been t>,alculated a.t the eatimatC>d rates of zos., 10s., an1l)c:s. rtcr :w1·e jn the thn:e colonteR rrspcctlvely. In 'l'aKmn.uia the purchase money of land ~:~old try auction is not distlnguislled from that ot land fiClf'cted, but the total amount of }iurchase monc;v was £g6,;gl.,

" fndudiog only that of ,vhiCh the pnrc11a~e ha.s been eomplat(•!l. • Exclusive of the extent estimated to have Ueen forfelted for nou .. fultilment of condition~. &c. 5 Inclwlin~ land granted without purchase. s Included with tlle s.rt•a." Sol(l in fee 8imple." ' 01 thla extent about 16,ooo,ooo acr·es belong to the ~Iaoris, or to Europeans wlro have purehnsed from them,

4l5

Hl AUSTRALASIAN 1-:\TA.TISTICS, 1884.

TABLE XIV.-STATE EDUCATION, 1884.

At the 1-:n<l of 1884. Numher of 8cl10htrs on the llollE<, t884. 1

Name of Colony,

Victoria Xew South 'Wales Queensland South Australia 'V esteru Australia

Total

'l'asmn.nin Xew Zealand

Grand Total

N:mw of Colony.

Victoria Xew South Wales Queensland South Australia 'Vestern Australia

Total

Tasmania Xcw Zealand

Grand Total

~umhcr of ~tate Sehools.

r,SoJ 1,912

42 5 452

74;

4,666

191 987

5·8++

r,n6 r,6r8

562 400

37

+·393 4,688

151 211 1,130 I,JI7

5,674 6,zr6

Scholars in Aventgc Attendance, 1884.

Total Number.

p0,701 6+ '12 95,215 56'96 27,863 6g78 25,048 5s·ss

73'43

6r '4-5

20 4-9'1 5 JO 74- '72

JO 63'45

J,6+ 3 0 96,88 3 r88,238 J,I75 86,6o7 r6;,r34-r,r6r 21,027" 39·92 5 I,ooo 21,4-28" 42,758

102 I,590 J,0)2

9.08! ZZ/,535 213.572 44LI07

6.6)6 14,846 46,8 so 97,238

267,o78 55J,I9I

K l't Cost to SUite, I88-t.

Amount of Amonnt per Fee• paid by

Total AmonnL Head of ~lean Scholars~ l'opu lation.

£ £ ... d. 559.344 0 II IO 12 774·357 0 I/ 4 2

I 39,508 0 9 4 0 2 102,143'' 0 6 7 7 2),264

9.470 0 5 IO 4 6 I,JJ2 --------

1,)84,842 0 12 9 r6 Il 87,8 59

,j.o,643 0 6 5 Il 5 7,887 33M79 4 IJ 0 65s'

1,963,444- 0 I2 5 Il IO 96,4-04

NoTE.--The State SYHtmn of education is compUll:lol'y am1 un~denomtnntimml (or sceulur) in all the colonies, nn<l w·c.stern Australln i$UOW the only tolnny which g·rrutts asf.lh•tnnce to fleuominationai (private) s:thools. Publk ~U:'truction is frer· in Victoria, QU<'Cllf'laml, and Ne,\· Zt·aland; but fees arc clm.rg:cd in the other colonies, alt.houglt they arc ))iirtinlly or (•ntlrcly remitt.(•(l in cases \-vherc the lJUl'('litS nre unah1e to pay lhcrn. The prcM.:ribed school age dJffers in the ntrious colonies; in Vietoria it is from 6 to 15 ~'Clll'S, in Ne·w South W.atc:;.; from 6 to q, in Quceuslanil from 6 to 12., in South AustTa.Hn from 7 to 13. in 'l'asmauia frrnn 7 to 14. :mcllu New Zealand from 7 tu q :rear><. l•'ot' a cmuplde account of the educa[ional syst('mS of the nniou!'l see VMorian ,~~~ar-JJrmt: J88o-1h, pp. 43t to 459· •

t g'i"dn;; tile numher oT '':-:ehn!ar:. on the rolls," the colnnlc;<; lian• not tHhlptt>l1 n tlll.iftH"lll {n'iutiplc. The net f!uro7nu-nt (or•munlwr of di~tlnct "liildrC'n who attt•wk<l f<.tr tlu· whole or an~~ portion of the ;t't•ar) jf; ).!iYeu for Yit·lorl:t1 Nv.'\V South \Vales, alltl "\\'"<.•stern AnnraUa.; the mean quat·tel'ly enrolJI/Pift for (lucen~lnnd ami Xcw Zealand; the muuher on the ru!ls nt the cud M the yca.r for Western Anetrulin.; and, it is hcHeYed, the (tross

duriny f/i,.- !IHU' fnr 'l'a~n1ani11.. In ord(~t· to gin: ~ome hlen. of the n•lation o1' ntlmhtrs to cn.dt other, it may he Mtntcll that in Victoria, the mean <jltarlerf]t ,.nrolmr:ut w:tr: 7~ per cent. h-'K::., nud the !fJ'M.~ i'fu·olnu·ut 18 per more, than the net enrolment. Including 1,075 pupil tea~bers, hut CXt~lU~ive of 556 work~rni:-:trcsses-.

3 'l'llcsc 1igurcs have been c~thBrttC'd 1 as Information rc~p<_·ctiu;.; the sexes wn~> not SU])Iilied for the pretwnt return. " For extra t<u lJjects only. " Exdu;:.ive of cost of bulldlngs, &c.

TABLE XV.-AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1884-5.-LAND IN CULTIVATION. "•* rrilC .Agrieultnral Stati~tic-::~ in most of tile colonies nl'e collected Jn the months of ~February or :\[art'h of ea-eh year. The [tre.kent returll& arc for

tllo:1e months of 1885. lu catculatfug the rates of tillage Iter hc~l, the population at the JtSt Deccmbert 1884, lats bccu taken.

~amc of Uolony.

Victoria New South Wales (,lueensland South Australia. \Vestern Austmlia

Total

Tasmania NinY Zealand •

Grand Total

.Yumbcr of Acres nn<lcl'-

'fotal. Hay.

-~------------~

Vines. Other Tillage.•

21 6,686' 49,212 76,oo7"

+63,494 16,876

1 lnclU<litlg beans and pease~ <·xccpt in the <.~fi$C of ~C\V Routh "\'\'"ttlt•saml 1:<\(•w Zco.lnnU. " [n udtlition to B:O'\\'n for the pnrposc of bcin:.:: e11t green for cnttJe, thi!:~ column f'Ontnins the following areas Iahl down in pcnnnnent artificial

~ru.-~s in the colonies :--Vktorin, J1.7,o6S acl'es; QuL•cn~laml, 12.,c97 aercs; Sonth .A ustmlia, :1.J,:1.17 acreB; 'Western Anstmlin (not returned) i Tasmania, x88,oq a.Cl"t!S. extent of such ln.ntl ia New Zealand, sec Xotl• 8.

3 [u the ret,urn8 of some of the colonies thi~ column emhrates laud in fallow as well as lancl ut11ler erop. The follo-..ving nre the areas in fullow included in the returns or snC"ll cotonit~s :-Victoria, 18),191 aeres; Quccnslnncl, n.,199 'fLCrcR; South Anstral!u, 450S36 acres; \Vestcru Australin, 4,739 acres; Tasmania~ 2.1,016 a.cres; ::New ZeahmJ, 159,314 acres. .

4 Including 664 acres utHlcr tu1'nlps, ('.arrot~. )Jarsnfps, C'allllugc, awl beet, \Ylllch tJrotlncod SA71 ton~; L41l a('reS under mangel wurr.el, which prndurcfl 2.1,935' tontl; r,750 :JCl'C!'I nwler oniour~ which JH'uthtCP.d 11,816tou:-; IA.o2.acrcs unttcr VlhfttTO, whlcll protlncctl7,893 cwt.; 219acresundcr chicory, which prmlUCf'd l,JCX) 1nns; 1,737 aet·es under hops, which produced q.,053 cwt.; 2.,32.9 a~rcs nwter g·rass sce•ls, wllkh pr()(lucetl 35.559 tm!l.hcls; &('_,

5 Inclnllin~ 49 tu:re~ under cotton, which protlu~cd tz.oso lb;;;.; 57,687 under sugar-(·nnet of whieh 29,930 acres were productive und yicJdc.•tl n,361 tons of sugar~; 352. acres under arrowroot, whkh prorlucf'd 574,768 Thfl.; 457 acres under oran;,res, whiph produced 141,285 dozen ; 731 ne res muler Lnuana::;:~ whieh prodm·etl6J9d44 rlozen; 312 aere~ under pine apple!>!) whlcll produced 101,512. dozen.

6 Induding 3,342 acres umlcr turnip.;. which pru:ittced zs,o58 tons; 2.)390 acres under gra~f' seeds, which yielcled ;o,S47 bushels; nnd 7,815 n.crcs ln gardens and orchard~. The re-rnaiml<'l' consisted oof fenced an cl cleared land, nut iiltrf{'tly under tillngc, and dcvMed to Jm.stornl]mrpo~es.

7 Ill eluding wp56 ncrcs under pt•n!>le ami lJen.Ul'; 4,87c :v·res nadC'r mangohb, h••et, carrot.':', parsnips·, &c.; 1,2.2& rv:res under hops; and 79 acres niHl<"r tnh IC<:o.

" Ju tile figures for Xew :l£nll1ud, the lawl nurtcr permanent nrtHi.dal gras:;, runountlng to 5,202,t64 acres-of which Z.,S92.,492. acre:;; had bceu. and ::.~666,341. u.cres had uot been, 1n·cviously ploughe•l-is not entered a::; ;:rccn forage~ nor. wHh the exception of 56l>70 neres, embracing sotne of tllc plough6d and son1e of the unploughed portion, the grass on whieiJ was mowed for Iw.,Y~ Js it includetl in the total area under tillage, a.s In the otlle.r colouico. Were the whole •o plated, it would bril•g- the Jan<l under tillage up to 6,493,7Z9 acres, or t.o ll'Sl acres per head of the [lO!>It!ntiou. ·

AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS, 1884. 19

TABLE XVI.-AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1884-5.-PRODUCE OF CROPS.

Name of Colony.

Victoria

New South Wales

Queensland ... ... South .Australia ••• ... Western Australia 2 ...

Total ... ... I Tasmania. ... ...

New Zealand ... ...

Grand Total ...

Name of Colony.

.. --·-""

Victoria ... ... New South Wales ... Queensland ... ... South Australia ... ... W cstern .Australia 2 ...

Total ... ... Tasmania ... ... New Zealand ... ...

Grand Total ...

Bushels raised of- Tons raised of~ Gallons i ~

0 h .. i I Wine made.

-'-"._hc_a_t. ____ o_a_u. __ ·--:--B-m-·J_e_y_. -I--J\-l .. _aiz_e_._1

Ce,:c.~:.' :~~ ~-··-~-----

101433,146 41392,695 ! 1082,430 176,388

4,20J,394 42),920 148,869 2,989,585 I

195.727 2,170 16,964 I

11 312,939

14,621,755 i 88,639 2I I,20f i

. .. 382,400 I 26,140' gz,66o 1,250

29,836,4221 4,935,564 1 I,)52,I 30 4,480,162 I

6 54,638 I 829,611 \ I 67,036 ... 6,866,777 1 12,j6o,449 1,2o5,9o6 ...

l7 ,J57,8 371 'S,u 5 •'"+~ '•9' 5•"7' ; ,.so,> 67

Bushels per Acre of-

Wheat. Oats. i Barley.

j 9'52 23'40 !7'38

15"2 7 2I'87 I 21'16 I i

16'17 I)'I 7 24"73 I 7'53 12"20 l 13'48 '

IJ'OO 18"00 i

'16'50

8'89 i

22"85 1 I/'00

I ; 19'20

I z8·6s

I z:n8

25'43 34'84 30"37 i

i I

I0"2I I 30'22 21'40 I ! ' I

. .. 64,826

n,ooo

957,122

145.323

. ..

11102,445

. IIIa\zc.

i

i I

I

!61,119

JI,JJ5

1 s,s ss 23,192

1,5oo

233 1001

39-503

I2J,)04

396,oo8

i Other Cereals.' !

371,046

28o,31:>.

35.483

:>.8.),839

24,0)0

996,730

5s.ss7 79,868

11132,185

Tons per

Potatoes .

!

I

i !

i

------- ------I I 45"77 23·8o 4'16

I

25'86 14-"91 2')2

21"50 ... 2'92

... 14'09 4'10

17"00 14"00 3'00 I -----

24'81 22'32 3'71

I . .. 21'29 4'37

. .. . .. 5'78

------I :

24'35 I 21'&2 4'25 I

760,752

441,6IZ

95.358

473.535

81,750

Acre of-

Hay.

1'09

I'Z4

1'40

'93

1'00

1'08

1"24

1'41

I'IO

l Including beans and pease, except in the case of New South 'Vales and New Zealand. 2 The gross and average produce of crops in Westcm Australia ~s the result of o.n estimate made In that colony.

TABLE XVII.-LIVE STOCK, 1884-5.

'!'(*;,The T~ive Stock Stfl.tistics in most of the colonies are collected with the Agricultural StatiMtics, in the months of February a.nd March.

Name of Colony.

Horses.

-----~···-

Victoria zg3,846

New South Wales 3]0,603

Q1wensland 25J,I I6

South .Australia 168,420

Western .Australia Jj,I l!

·.rota! I 108J,096

Tasmania 2?,t88

New Zealantl I ... 161,736

Grand Total 1,272,020

The present returns are for those months of 1885.

Number of-

Cattle. Sheep, Pigs.

1,2S7,945 10,637,412 23+,347

1,336,)29 3'\379,87! 2II,6)6

4,266,172 9,3o8,9II 51,796

389,726 6,696,406 16),807

71,102 1,547,061 20,039

----7,351,274 5s,56 9,66x 681,645

128,834 I,j20*02f 57.303

698,637 q,os6,z66 ;o.oo,o83

--------8,1;8,745 7+.345.954 939,03I

~-----.. --··

'fot3l Sumber of ~tock o!

all Descrl})tlons to 1'otal. the i:"iquare 1\lile.

12,4)3,5)0 I4I'/O

32,zs8,459 104·34

I 3,879·995 20'77

7,418,359 8'i1.I

1,675,313 1"]2

22'99

73"30

145'32

1 The figures for horses, cu.ttlc, and pigs in New Zealand <\re derin;d fl'om t11e returns of the census of 1E8r.

No. 81. E

417

20 AUSTRALASIAN STATISTICS, 1884.

APPENDIX.

STATISTICS OF FIJI, 1878 TO 1884.

*** Fiji consists of from 70 to 8o inhabited islands, the estimated area of which is 7,740 square miles. There are also a number of smaller islands uninhabited. The total area of the group is said to be 8,034 square miles.

Year.

Estimated Population on the 31st December. Coolies only).

I

, .il Immigrants (Polyncsinns and

I Females. I Total. Births. I Deaths .I I Marriages. I ~-M-a-le-s-. -~-~-·c_m_a_l_es-.--,--T-o-ta-1-.-Males.

--·I-8-7-8----.-.--. ---•• -.-l--6-4-,7-4·-8- --::-1~7,098 --::- ~2-=- ---=-- _I_,3_4_6 ___ I_7_4-j--I,_5_2_0_

I879 ••• ••• 67,697 52,962 12o,659 3,654 3,532 I,356 2,o98 288 2,386

188o ••• ••• 67,598 54,286 I2I,884 4,Io3 4,326 I I,358 2,5oo 34 2,534

I88I ••• ••• 7I,323 57,I88 128,511 4,32I 4,411 I,o56 I 1IOO 58 ·I,I58

I882 ••• ••• 72,376 57,703 I30,079 4,552 4,933 I,28o 2,56I I 511 3,072

I883 ... ... 7I,54o ss,354 129,894 4,649 5,3Io I,o97 2,013 1 546 2,5s9

I884 ... ... 7o,856 ! 57,558 128,4I4 ' 4,540 8,592 978 2,292 1 98o 3,272

I Emigrants (Polynesians only), I

rublic Revenue.

Year. ---------.---------.-- Pnblir I

1

Raised !Jy Taxation.

ExpclHJi.. Public Value of Value of

-

--1':--

0

-t---l·---·--- -tu r-e. I_Dc-!Jt. '--Ir_n_p.o_rt __ s_. ·l-1-·:_x-po-r-·t-s._ Males. Females. Total.

---------------·--------1-----1-----I878

I879

I88o

I88I

I882

1883

I884 I

I,o66

I ,25I

693

71

32

18

24

73

94 6o

I,I 39

1,345

753

£ 42,697

46,260

46,544

49,606

I 59,518

I 74,805

i 68,I62 I

raised lJy Total. Taxation.

34,I34

37,837

5I,796

32,009

23,36I

£ 6I,02I

67,77I

8o,678

87,443

III,3I4

106,8I4

9I,523

Shipping. ! Crovtn Lands

£ £ £ 65,267 1oo,ooo I 36,6o8

7I,I08 I200000 I4212I3

9I,I02 2Io,ooo I85,741

89,960 254,025 276,040

109,986 2 54,02 5 303,329

88,277 254,025 450,595

98,+68 254,025 434,522

Live Stock.:;

£ 192,865

169,040

229,528

I74,I46

I90,5I7

351,998

345.344

-----------·----------- -------

KnmlJerof-I I Granted

Year. Inwards. Outward::;. 1 aml Sold in

--------------------------~~ __ T~~~scls. ~s_. ___ l each Year.' 1 _·-H_-_m=·s=cs_.-_-_-_·~-~--t~c_. ___ -s_--l_:~_c_p_._--- ----~>i;~--

I878 ••• ... I24 23,I8o I 128 .24,o8o I 3";~:;·6 200 3,000

I879 ..• ... I31 28,967 125 28,o85 23,559 300 4,ooc

d>8o ... ... I57 32,933 ISO 32,689 27,562 36o 5,ooo

I881 ••• ... 164 35,542 I6o 35,230 :75,627 400 5,000

I882 ••• ... 163 43,768 I65 43,757 65,745 6oo 5,000

1883 .•• ••. 198 68,530

1

I93 69,322

1

3I,665 6oo

1

5,324

I884 ... ... ISO 63,246 I44 64,73I 38,325 610 4,6oo

--------·--· ------------

3,100

3.771

4,769

4.769

4,ooo

5.373

5,869

50,000

50,000

50,000

50,000

50,ooo

50,ooo

50,000

NoTE.--The follmnng additional information has been supplied for the year 1884 :-Jlfir;ration of lVhitP.~-Al'l'ivals, 1,o2o, 'iz., 766 males and 2.54 fem::tlcs; ctepartures, 1,073, viz., 834 maJcs and 239 females. SotJJ'tl's l!t' llerenaP-Cn!<toms duties, £41,167; other taxe::-;, £26,995; Crown lands, £1,215; Post office, £5,701; other sources, £16,445. Public Debt-Of the public debt onlr £15o,ooo bears interest; the amount pu.id during· the year for interest was £6,750. Rxports-Of the total value of exports, £277,94-7 was to the Australasian colonies, £.35,542 to Great Britain, and £31,855 to other countries; nearly the whole of the exports were of Fijian proctuction. Pust O{,fices-Number of offices, 35; letters,· 109,544; newspapers, ro7,943 ; I'evenue during the year, £5,701; expenditure, £2,590, State Education-Number of schools, 2; tca,chers, 6, viz., 2males u.ml-t females; scholars Oil the rolls, 299, Yiz., 158 males a,nd 141 females ; fees paid hy scholars, £241; net cost to State, including buildings, &c., £753· J1vriculture-LanU under cultinttion, 35,608 acres; of which 545 acres were under maize, which yielded 9,401 bushels.

1 It is believed lly the Ht•gistrar-Gencral of -F'iji that the lJirths, <leatlls. anU marriages here given are less than tlto:;::e "'llich achwll.r occurred. 2 The total area alienated at the ewl of 1884 ·was 350,726 acres. 'J'lw amount rea1izell tq t11e ~tate WflS only £2;.868, which, llo,.-en·r, rc>Jn·e,o.cnts

the })rice of bnt a small proportion of the acrengv alieuated. 'l'lle maiority of the grants issuell were fur lawls acqnircll IJy wttitu; anJ othc1·s preYluusly to anw.:xatiou, anll thet~e,rcceircd their titlcb at tlw numinal vrice uf One shillin:,;.

3 In aUJition to the li\·c stot"k referred to in these columns, 11,429 angora goats were kept on the islauJs.

Isy Authorjty: JonN l 1'EmlEE, Govcrnme:1t l'riuter, ).lcllJoErne.

[ Is. J