austra lumina hacking for defense 2017
TRANSCRIPT
austra lumina
Hacking For Defense, MS&E 297Stanford University, Spring 2017
[ VIDEO ]
austra luminaSponsor: USSOUTHCOM
Week 10Problem: Lack of communication and situational awareness capabilities with foreign partners hinders success of tactical operations.
Solution: Create low-cost situational awareness and comms capability using commercial satellite networkslinked to a mobile application.
Week 0Problem: New capabilities for persistent Illicit Maritime Activity Detection and Monitoringdesired by SOUTHCOM/JIATF-S.
Solution: Improve detection rates with data analytics.
101 interviews conducted
Xuan Hao Ong Sam Jackson Vishakh Hegde Benjamin Tan James Hennessy
MS MS&EBS Aero. Engineering
MBABA Political Science
MS ICMEBS & MS Physics
MS MS&EBSc Actuarial Science
BS CS & Applied Mathematics
Aerospace, Military Engineering & Design
TechnologyStrategy & Ops
Machine Learning, Computer Vision
Military UAVs, Statistical Modeling
Computer Science, Genomics
Our Team
101 Total Interviews
Our product journey…
Week
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4Situational Awareness and
Communications
3Predictive Modeling
2Persistent
Monitoring
1Data
Analytics
Week
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4Situational Awareness and
Communications
3Predictive Modeling
2Persistent
Monitoring
1Data
Analytics
PrimaryBeneficiary
Ops Analyst,Pilots
Nav Officer, Ops Analyst
Detection Crews JIATF-S + Foreign Law EnforcementOps
Analyst
Our beneficiary journey…
Week
Emo
tio
nal
Sta
te
“So much to learn!”
“It’s something they want!”
“This could be years.”
“So much we learned!”
0 2 4 6 8 10
Our own (emotional) journey…
“You don’t know how much you don’t know” - H4D Teaching Team
The starting point for our journey
Joint Inter-Agency Task Force - South(JIATF-S)
Law Enforcement / International Partners
Dept. of Justice
Our sponsor’s mission
Joint Inter-Agency Task Force - South(JIATF-S)
Law Enforcement / International Partners
Dept. of Justice
First Focus
Our first focus: Targeting and Detection
Targeting and Detection are the key mission goals;Analysts are the key beneficiary;Analytics tools can improve targeting & detection success
Focus: Targeting and Detection
Key finding:
Ocean is very, very big
“Even if you know where a [suspect] boat is, it may be days to intercept…”
- Captain, U.S. Coast Guard
“We’re trying to detect small, fast-moving objects, in very large parts of the ocean… with persistent monitoring capacity issues.”
- US SOUTHCOM Sponsor
Key finding:
Insufficient sensor data, sensor platforms, to feed proposed models
Pivot #1 Detection → Monitoring
Sensor capability, persistence are the challenges;Low-cost, unmanned platforms are the solution
Joint Inter-Agency Task Force - South(JIATF-S)
Law Enforcement / International Partners
Dept. of Justice
New Focus
New focus: Monitoring
First Focus
“We already have more known threats than we can pursue with our current assets…”
- Captain, U.S. Coast Guard
However…
“The amount of drugs out of South Americasignificantly exceeds our assets available to interdict.”
- P-3 Pilot, U.S. Air Force
Data supported this concern
25%Targeted
7%
10%Detected
7%Disrupted
100%
Key discovery:
Monitoring is not the bottleneck!
Our next question:
If detection and monitoring are not bottlenecks, can we improve efficiency of
existing missions?
Pivot #2 Persistent Monitoring→ Mission Efficiency
Joint Inter-Agency Task Force - South(JIATF-S)
Law Enforcement / International Partners
Dept. of Justice
New FocusPrior Focus
New focus: Monitoring & Interdiction
“Knowing where to look and where not to look can drastically increase the efficiency of the search.”
- U-2 Pilot, U.S. Air Force
Predicting the search space can enhance the effectiveness of each asset
Key finding:
Goals:
1. Actionably predict red forces behaviors
1. Allocate assets (U.S., foreign) more efficiently
austra
lumina
Prediction Model
“We understand the travelling salesman problem, but we do not even have a blue force tracker for foreign partners.”
- JIATF-S Innovation Council
However…
Pivot #3 Prediction Model
→ Tactical Communication
- Foreign Liaison Officers
- Innovation and Technology, JIATF-S
- U.S. P-3 Pilot, formerly operating
out of El Salvador
ES
New focus: Tactical Communication
2. Situational Awareness App1. Satellite Communication Device
Final MVP
“Sounds like people want to give you funding…”
- US SOUTHCOM Sponsor
“You guys are definitely on the right track… show the affordability model, and it will definitely be used.”
- - Senior Executive Service,- Office of Naval Research
ProductMissionFit (!)
Week
Emo
tio
nal
Sta
te
“So much to learn!”
“It’s something they want!”
“This could be years.”
“So much we learned!”
0 2 4 6 8 10
From Discovery to Product Mission Fit
Data Analytics US SOUTHCOMJIATF-S
Watch FloorUS
Interdiction Crew
TacticalCommunication
US SOUTHCOMJIATF-S
Watch FloorUS
Interdiction CrewForeign
Interdiction CrewForeign
Command Center
Initial problem might not be the problem!!!
Mission Model CanvasBeneficiariesKey Activities
Key Resources
Key Partners Buy-In/Support
Deployment
Mission AchievementMission Budget/Costs
Value Proposition
1. Market research into sat-comm device
2. Develop Comms App interface
3. Procure Sat-Comms device
4. Workflow optimization and automation
- J72, USSOUTHCOM
- JIATF-S, USSOUTHCOM
- International Affairs, J9
- Foreign LNOs and militaries (S. America)
- Sat-comms companies (eg Garmin, SPOT, TextAnywhere)
Strategic- 15% increase in number of interdicted drug vesselsOperational- x% reduction in number of illegal vessels “lost” at foreign partner level Tactical- x% reduction in a single OODA loop cycle (foreign interdiction missions)- x% reduction in time spent on detection
- Introduce MVP to Local Interceptor Crew, Nav Officers, and Proxies
- Small scale deployment of MVP to foreign interdiction crews of a single country
- JIATF-S and foreign partner level adoption and integration
Fixed:- Design & engineering (software/hardware)- Market research- Technology acquisitionVariable:- Technology updates
- Access to computational power
- Open-source data analysis tools
- UAV SMEs (as key sensor platform)
- Access to existing communication system
- Support from Internat. Affairs J9 and Foreign LNOs
- Ride on existing / introduce CotS systems
- Implementation by foreign interdiction crews or local proxies
- Increase detection effiiency: reduce time taken for detection through a clear, secured, line of direct communication
- Improve decision effectiveness and efficiency: allow Ops Analyst to better assist detection effort by allowing for instantaneous communication and real-time input of new intel
- Ease interdiction resource constraint: improve coordination/communication with interdiction agencies
Primary- Foreign partners’ Interceptor
Crew deployed to investigate illegal ships
- Foreign partners’ Operations Center to coordinate the mission
- JIATF-S J3 Watch Floor Ops part of coordination effort
Secondary
- USCG interdiction teams deployed to investigate illegal ships
Tertiary- Sat comm companies- UIUX companies
Value Proposition
- Increase detection efficiency
- Improve decision effectiveness and efficiency
- Ease interdiction resource constraint
Beneficiaries
Primary- Foreign partners’ interceptor
crew deployed to investigate illegal ships
- Foreign partners’ operations center in charge of the mission
- JIATF-S J3 Watch Floor Opsas part of the overall coordination agency
Week
Emo
tio
nal
Sta
te
“So much to learn!”
“It’s something they want!”
“This could be years.”
“So much we learned!”
0 2 4 6 8 10
But what about Deployment?
Workflows Influencers
This is an extremely complex space...
Key Factors influencing MVPBeneficiariesKey Activities
Key Resources
Key Partners Buy-In/Support
Deployment
Mission AchievementMission Budget/Costs
Value Proposition
1. Market research into sat-comm device
2. Develop Comms App interface
3. Procure Sat-Comms device
4. Workflow optimization and automation
- J72, USSOUTHCOM
- JIATF-S, USSOUTHCOM
- International Affairs, J9
- Foreign LNOs and militaries (S. America)
- Sat-comms companies (eg Garmin, SPOT, TextAnywhere)
Strategic- 15% increase in number of interdicted drug vesselsOperational- x% reduction in number of illegal vessels “lost” at foreign partner level Tactical- x% reduction in a single OODA loop cycle (foreign interdiction missions)- x% reduction in time spent on detection
- Introduce MVP to Local Interceptor Crew, Nav Officers, and Proxies
- Small scale deployment of MVP to foreign interdiction crews of a single country
- JIATF-S and foreign partner level adoption and integration
Fixed:- Design & engineering (software/hardware)- Market research- Technology acquisitionVariable:- Technology updates
- Access to computational power
- Open-source data analysis tools
- UAV SMEs (as key sensor platform)
- Access to existing communication system
- Support from Internat. Affairs J9 and Foreign LNOs
- Ride on existing / introduce CotS systems
- Implementation by foreign interdiction crews or local proxies
- Increase detection effiiency: reduce time taken for detection through a clear, secured, line of direct communication
- Improve decision effectiveness and efficiency: allow Ops Analyst to better assist detection effort by allowing for instantaneous communication and real-time input of new intel
- Ease interdiction resource constraint: improve coordination/communication with interdiction agencies
Primary- Foreign partners’ Interceptor
Crew deployed to investigate illegal ships
- Foreign partners’ Operations Center to coordinate the mission
- JIATF-S J3 Watch Floor Ops part of coordination effort
Secondary
- USCG interdiction teams deployed to investigate illegal ships
Tertiary- Sat comm companies- UIUX companies
Information Security
Trust
Upkeep Cost
Buy-in and Support
Key finding:
Trust matters…But is sometimes lacking
Country 1 Country 2
“We do not want to reveal pattern of life.”
- Operational Test and Evaluation, JIATF-S
“Many startups fail because they neglected security concerns.”
- H4D Teaching Team
Lesson
Engage security experts early on in product
development
Problem: Information Security
“Communicating common situational picture currently takes up a huge bandwidthand [satellite comm.] is expensive”
- Deputy Director of International Affairs, JIATF-S
Solution
Leverage existing devices-
Light communication
Problem: Cost
Week
Emo
tio
nal
Sta
te
“So much to learn!”
“It’s something they want!”
“This could be years.”
“So much we learned!”
0 2 4 6 8 10
Where do we end?
The path forward…
… May involve pursuing ONR or USSOUTHCOM resources to keep going!
… but at the least will include details for how our sponsor can pursue the next steps
Where do we end?
Proof of concept with a simple prototype of low-fidelity Minimum
Viable Product
Video has more details of prototype
in action!
Where does our product end? (TRL / IRL)
Our work would not have been possible without our sponsors (and other supporters)
Special thanks to:• Our direct sponsors at USSOUTHCOM: Mr. Juan Hurtardo, LTC Todd Moe, Dr. Andrew Higier• Our supporters in JIATF-S: Mr. Fred Scali, MAJ Marada Phillips• Our mentor: Daniel Bardenstein
And not least, the additional 80+ contacts who generously provided their time…
Thank you for your consistent support, feedback, and engagement!
Acknowledgement and Thanks
Additional questions?
Contact us at:o [email protected]
Or individually:o [email protected]
Additional questions?
Read more about our journey:
australumina.wordpress.com
Appendix
We have sought to capture the flow of mission
achievement from a tactical, operational, and strategic
level
We have also drawn a distinction between “mission
achievement” and “systems achievement”
Based on in-depth sponsor and stakeholder interviews, we
believer we will deliver results in both dimensions
Mission achievement:
• Mission speed ++
• Mission success rate ++
Systems achievement:
• Cost --
• Capability ++
These will support the ultimate mission of JIATF-S,
USSOUTHCOM, and partner nations: disrupt illict
activities, and illict networks
Mission Achievement
Mission achievement – draft framework
(Not included in submitted materials)
Available for upload for final documentation purposes