atlas of ehealth country profiles - argentina.gob.aratlas of ehealth country profiles: the use of...

Based on the findings of the third global survey on eHealth 2015

Global Observatory for eHealth

Atlas of eHealth country profiles The use of eHealth in support of universal health coverage

WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Atlas of eHealth country profiles: the use of eHealth in support of universal health coverage: based on the findings of the third global survey on eHealth 2015.

1.Medical Informatics. 2.Information Technology. 3.Telemedicine – trends. 4.Universal Coverage. 5.Data collection. I.WHO Global Observatory for eHealth.

ISBN 978 92 4 156521 9 (NLM classification: W 26.5)

© World Health Organization 2016

All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO website (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]).

Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications –whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution– should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO website (www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html).

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.

The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.

All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use.

Printed by the WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland

2015




Acknowledgments

The production of this Atlas would not have been possible without the input of many eHealth experts

and the support of the numerous colleagues at the World Health Organization headquarters, regional

and country offices.

Our sincere gratitude goes to over 600 eHealth experts in 125 countries worldwide who helped shape

the results by sharing their knowledge through completing the 2015 global survey on eHealth. We

are also indebted to an extensive network of eHealth professionals and WHO staff who assisted with

the design and implementation of the survey. The WHO eHealth focal points in six WHO regions

played an important role in encouraging Member States to participate therefore ensuring a high

response rate of 64% for the survey. eHealth focal points include Housseynou Ba, Hani Farouk,

Clayton Hamilton, Mark Landry, David Novillo and Miguel Peixoto.

Special thanks go to Mohamed Nour (WHO Eastern Mediterranean Office) and Katharine Shelley

(consultant) for their expert processing and analysis of the survey data. The GOe wishes to

acknowledge its gratitude for the ongoing support and advice from Joan Dzenowagis, Diana Zandi

and Ed Kelley (WHO Geneva).

Our appreciation to Jillian Reichenbach Ott, Genève Design, for her design and layout, and Kai

Lashley, Further Consulting, for technical editing.

The global survey and this Atlas were prepared by the WHO Global Observatory for eHealth under

the management of Misha Kay.

Photo credits: © iStock photos

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Table of contents

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . iv

A guide to the country profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Methodological considerations . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Quality assurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Presentation of secondary data . . . . . . . . . . 6

Overview of country profiles . . . . . . . . 9Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1 . eHealth foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2 . Legal frameworks for eHealth . . . . . . . . . . 10

3 . Telehealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4 . Electronic health records . . . . . . . . . . . 11

5 . Use of eLearning in health sciences . . . . . . . . . 11

6 . mHealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

7 . Social media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

8 . Big data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Afghanistan 12

Albania 15

Algeria 18

Argentina 21

Armenia 24

Australia 27

Austria 30

Azerbaijan 33

Bahrain 36

Bangladesh 39

Belarus 42

Belgium 45

Benin 48

Bhutan 51

Bosnia and Herzegovina 54

Botswana 57

Bulgaria 60

Burkina Faso 63

Burundi 66

Cabo Verde 69

Country profiles

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Cambodia 72

Canada 75

Central African Republic 78

Chile 81

China 84

Colombia 87

Comoros 90

Costa Rica 93

Cote D'Ivoire 96

Croatia 99

Cuba 102

Cyprus 105

Czech Republic 108

Democratic People's Republic of Korea 111

Denmark 114

Dominican Republic 117

El Salvador 120

Equatorial Guinea 123

Estonia 126

Ethiopia 129

Finland 132

Gambia 135

Georgia 138

Ghana 141

Greece 144

Guatemala 147

Guinea-Bissau 150

Honduras 153

Hungary 156

Iceland 159

Iran (Islamic Republic of) 162

Iraq 165

Ireland 168

Israel 171

Italy 174

Jamaica 177

Japan 180

Jordan 183

Kazakhstan 186

Kenya 189

Kiribati 192

Kyrgyzstan 195

Lao People's Democratic Republic 198

Latvia 201

Lebanon 204

Lesotho 207

Lithuania 210

Luxembourg 213

Madagascar 216

Malawi 219

Malaysia 222

Maldives 225

Mali 228

Malta 231

Mauritania 234

Mexico 237

Mongolia 240

Montenegro 243

Morocco 246

Netherlands 249

New Zealand 252

Niger 255

Norway 258

Oman 261

Pakistan 264

Panama 267

Paraguay 270

Peru 273

Philippines 276

Poland 279

Portugal 282

Qatar 285

Republic of Moldova 288

Romania 291

Russian Federation 294

Rwanda 297

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San Marino 300

Senegal 303

Serbia 306

Seychelles 309

Singapore 312

Slovenia 315

Somalia 318

South Africa 321

South Sudan 324

Spain 327

Sudan 330

Sweden 333

Switzerland 336

Syrian Arab Republic 339

Tajikistan 342

Timor-Leste 345

Trinidad and Tobago 348

Tunisia 351

Turkey 354

Turkmenistan 357

Uganda 360

Ukraine 363

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 366

United States of America 369

Uruguay 372

Uzbekistan 375

Viet Nam 378

Zambia 381

Zimbabwe 384

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BackgroundThe third global survey on eHealth conducted by the WHO Global Observatory for eHealth (GOe)1 has

a special focus – the use of eHealth in support of universal health coverage. eHealth plays a vital role in

promoting universal health coverage in a variety of ways. For instance, it helps provide services to remote

populations and underserved communities through telehealth or mHealth. It facilitates the training of the

health workforce through the use of eLearning, and makes education more widely accessible especially

for those who are isolated. It enhances diagnosis and treatment by providing accurate and timely patient

information through electronic health records. And through the strategic use of ICT, it improves the

operations and financial efficiency of health care systems.

This Atlas presents data collected on 125 WHO Member States. The survey was undertaken by the

WHO Global Observatory for eHealth between April and August 2015 and represents the most current

information on the use of eHealth in these countries.

The country survey tools may be downloaded from the following GOe website: http://www.who.int/goe.

All the country profiles can be accessed at http://www.who.int/goe/publications/en/.

1 Global Observatory for eHealth: http://www.who.int/goe

A guide to the country profiles

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http://www.who.int/goe

http://www.who.int/goe/publications/en/


Methodological considerationsA total of 125 WHO Member States, representing a 64% response rate, completed the survey, which is the

highest response rate for any GOe survey to date. The scope of the survey was broad; survey questions

covered diverse areas of eHealth, from electronic information systems to social media, to policy issues

and legal frameworks. The survey responses were based on self-reporting by a selected group of eHealth

experts for each participating country. While every effort was made by countries to select the best

national experts to complete the instrument, it was not possible to determine whether they had the

collective eHealth knowledge to answer each question. Similarly, while survey responses were checked

for consistency and accuracy, it was not possible to verify all responses to every question.

Quality assuranceCountry profiles are intended to provide a ‘snapshot’ of the eHealth landscape according to selected

indicators. The Global Observatory for eHealth implemented a range of measures to assure quality.

The surveys received from participating countries were reviewed for completeness. External sources

of information were used for validation of the data and to resolve inconsistencies. Data were reviewed

before entry and after layout for publication.

Presentation of secondary dataThe following indicators were selected for each country to complement the country profile information

and to provide the country context for the eHealth data. Indicators and their sources are included below.

1. Population in thousands (per 100 000 population). World population prospects: the 2015 revision. Key findings and advance tables. New York: United Nations Population Division; 2015 (http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/publications/files/key_findings_wpp_2015.pdf, accessed 27 November 2015).

2. Physician density (per 1 000 population). World health statistics. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012: (http://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/EN_WHS2012_Full.pdf, accessed 27 November 2015).

3. Nurse and midwife density (per 10 000 population). World health statistics. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012: (http://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/EN_WHS2012_Full.pdf, accessed 27 November 2015).

4. Hospital bed density (per 10 000 population).

European Region: European health for all database (HFA-DB). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2015 (http://www.euro.who.int/en/data-and-evidence/databases/european-health-for-all-database-hfa-db, accessed 27 November 2015).

Western Pacific Region: Western Pacific Region Countries and Areas. Manila: WHO Regional Office

for the Western Pacific; 2014 (http://www.wpro.who.int/countries/en, accessed 5 January 2016).

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South-East Asia Region: South-East Asia Region Countries. New Delhi: WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia; 2014 (http://www.searo.who.int/countries/en, accessed 5 January 2016).

Region of the Americas: Pan-American Health Organization Regional Core Health Data Initiative. WHO Regional office for the Americas; 2014: (http://www1.paho.org/English/SHA/coredata/tabulator/newTabulator.htm, accessed 5 January 2016).

5. Life expectancy at birth (years). WHO Mortality Database. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014 (http://apps.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/mortality/whodpms, accessed 28 November 2015).

6. Gross national income (GNI) per capita (international $) . World development indicators. Washington DC, World Bank: 2014 (http://data.worldbank.org, accessed 28 November 2015).

7. Total health expenditure (% GDP). World health statistics. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010 (http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2010/en, accessed 28 November 2015).

8. ICT Development Index rank. Measuring the information society. Geneva: International Telecommunication Union; 2014: (https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/publications/mis2014/MIS2014_without_Annex_4.pdf, accessed 28 November 2015).

9. Mobile-cellular subscriptions (% inhabitants). ICT-Eye: key ICT data and statistics. Geneva: International Telecommunication Union; 2014 (http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Indicators/Indicators.aspx, accessed 28 November 2015).

10. Internet users (% of individuals). ICT-Eye: key ICT data and statistics. Geneva: International Telecommunication Union; 2014 (http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Indicators/Indicators.aspx, accessed 28 November 2015).

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IntroductionThe data are grouped by eight eHealth themes covered by the 2015 global survey. Each grouping is

intended to give the reader an overview of the eHealth landscape in individual countries in 2015 for each

particular theme. For the most comprehensive overview, however, it is recommended that responses

to all the themes be considered together as this will provide the most complete picture of the eHealth

landscape.

Country contextThese indicators are included to provide the reader with the context and background for the eHealth

work being performed in the country. The country context shows indicators of population size, economic

status, life expectancy, availability of health-related human resources (e.g. health-care worker), bed

density and some high-level ICT indicators. Together they form a package of indicators that both describe

the country and that can be used to compare countries.

1 . eHealth foundationsA selection of some of the fundamental building blocks required to create an enabling environment for

eHealth are listed in this section. This includes a selection of indicators on eHealth-related policies or

strategies, funding, multilingualism and capacity building. Data are reported by the individual “country

Overview of country profiles

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response” (yes, no or don’t know), “global yes response”, which is the average “yes” response to each

indicator across all countries (expressed as a percentage), and “year adopted” for the particular indicator

in the case of national policies/strategies and multilingualism. The former represent the level of planning

and action around the use of eHealth in the country’s health system. The other indicators of this section

are described below.

Funding sources is a vital indicator of the level of financial support available for eHealth; the survey

provides four funding options. As above, the answers are expressed as “country response” and “global

yes response”; it has an additional measurement for the level of funding: no funding, low <25%, medium

<50%, high <75% and very high >75%.

The survey also included a section on multilingualism as it reflects a government’s commitment to

inclusion of linguistic minorities in the country with respect to eHealth activities. The indicators show

policy or strategy support as well as practical support in building multilingual Internet sites.

eHealth capacity building is another significant indicator as it shows whether students or professionals

are receiving training in preparation for their exposure to eHealth in clinical settings. The “proportion” of

students receiving training is expressed in the same was as for the funding sources above: no funding, low

<25%, medium <50%, high <75% and very high >75%.

2 . Legal frameworks for eHealthThis group of indicators reports on the policy and legislative environment of eHealth in a country. It is

measured by a series of 13 indicators which essentially aim to show the degree of protection and control

that individuals have of their health-related data in a digital environment. Indicator data includes “country

response” as well as “global yes response”.

3 . TelehealthTelehealth is probably one of the most well-known and best established of all eHealth services. This

section reports on the operations of five of the most common telehealth programmes globally and what

level of the health system they are operating at as well as the type of programme.

Health system levels include:

International level – health entities in other countries in the world

Regional level – health entities in countries in the same geographic region

National level – referral hospitals, laboratories and health institutes (mainly public, but also private)

Intermediate level, covering district or provincial facilities – public, private for-profit and private not-for-profit (e.g. religious) hospitals and health centres

Local or peripheral level – health posts, health centres providing basic level of care

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Types of programmes include:

Informal – use of ICT for health purposes in the absence of formal processes and policies

Pilot – testing and evaluating a programme

Established – an ongoing programme that has been conducted for a minimum of 2 years and is planned to continue.

4 . Electronic health recordsThis section of the country profile provides an overview of the state of adoption of Electronic Health

Records (EHRs) in the country. It identifies whether the country has introduced a national EHR system and if

there is legislation governing its use. It identifies at what level of the health system the EHRs are being used

(primary, secondary or tertiary) and what proportion (%) of the facilities are using the records. It further

identifies other electronic systems that the EHR system is linked to and shows the “global yes response”

for each option. Finally it lists ICT-assisted systems, the “country response” and the “global yes response”.

5 . Use of eLearning in health sciencesThe scope of the application of eLearning for pre-service education of health sciences students as well

as in-service training for health professionals is covered in this section. The faculties or professions which

can benefit from eLearning techniques for training are identified along with the “country response” as

well as the “global yes response”.

6 . mHealthThis section aims to present a country overview of the mHealth activities being conducted by category of

mHealth programme, “health system level” and “programme type” – as described above in Telehealth.

7 . Social mediaThe social media profile reports its policy or strategy status and year of adoption. It further lists the use of

social media by health care organizations as well as by individuals and communities. Each response has a

corresponding “country response” and “global yes response”.

8 . Big dataThis section asks preliminary questions on whether policies or strategies have been adopted by

governments to govern the use of big data (i.e. very large data sets) in the health sector or by private

companies.

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1 . eHealth foundations National policies or strategies

Country response Global "yes" response§ Year adopted

National universal health coverage policy or strategy — 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy — 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A

Funding sources for eHealth

Country response Global "yes" response§ Funding source %**

Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 50-75%Public-private partnerships — 42% Zero

Multilingualism in eHealth


Policy or strategy on multilingualism No 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages Yes 48%

eHealth capacity building

Country response Global "yes" response§ Proportion**

Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% <25%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% <25%

Population (000s) 30,552 Life expectancy at birth (years) 61

GNI per capita (PPP Int $) 2,000 Total health expenditure (% GDP) 8.1

Physician density (per 10 000 population) 0.27 ICT Development Index rank —

Nurse & midwife density (per 10 000 population) 0.50 Mobile-cellular subscriptions (% population) 60.35

Hospital bed density (per 10 000 population) 4 Internet users (% population) 5.5

2 . Legal frameworks for eHealth

Policy or legislation – purpose Country response Global "yes" response§

Defines medical jurisdiction, liability or reimbursement of eHealth services such as telehealth

No 31%

Addresses patient safety and quality of care based on data quality, data transmission standards or clinical competency criteria

No 46%

Protects the privacy of personally identifiable data of individuals irrespective of whether it is in paper or digital format No 78%

Protects the privacy of individuals’ health-related data held in electronic format in an EHR No 54%

Governs the sharing of digital data between health professionals in other health services in the same country through the use of an EHR

— 34%

Governs the sharing of digital data between health professionals in health services in other countries through the use of an EHR — 22%

Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities No 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR — 29%

Allows individuals to demand their own health-related data be corrected when held in an EHR if it is known to be inaccurate

— 32%

Allows individuals to demand the deletion of health-related data from their EHR — 18%Allows individuals to specify which health-related data from their EHR can be shared with health professionals of their choice

— 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics Yes 76%Governs national identification management systems — 65%

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3 . TelehealthTelehealth programmes country overview

Health system level** Programme type**

Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology National ‡Telepsychiatry National EstablishedRemote patient monitoring National Established

5 . Use of eLearning in health scienceseLearning programmes country overview

Health sciences students – Pre-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%

4 . Electronic Health Records (EHRs)EHR country overview

Country response Year introduced

National EHR system ‡ ‡Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system ‡Health facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**

Primary care facilities(e.g. clinics and health care centres)

N/A ‡

Secondary care facilities(e.g. hospitals, emergency care)

N/A ‡

Tertiary care facilities (e.g. specialized care, referral from primary/secondary care)

N/A ‡

Other electronic systems Country response Global "yes" response§

Laboratory information systems N/A 35%Pathology information systems N/A 18%Pharmacy information systems N/A 33%PACS N/A 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system N/A 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§

Electronic medical billing systems No 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%

WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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7 . Social media

Social media and health Country response Global "yes" response§ Year adopted

National policy or strategy on the use of social media by government organizations

— 18% N/A

Policy or strategy makes specific reference to its use in the health domain

‡ 5%

Health care organizations – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data

Policy or strategy – purpose Country response Global "yes" response§ Year adopted

Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies No 8% N/A

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6 . mHealthmHealth programmes country overview

Accessing/providing health services Health system level** Programme type**

Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth Intermediate InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National, Intermediate, Local InformalTreatment adherence National PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems National PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡

LEGENd* Country context indicators ICT Development Index Rank. 2015 - https://www.itu.int/net4/ITU-D/idi/2015/All other country indicators. Global Health Observatory. 2012-2014 - http://www.who.int/gho

** Glossary § Indicates the percentage of participating Member States responding “Yes”— Don’t knowN/A Not applicable‡ Indicates question was unanswered

Question not askedZero No funding

International level: Health entities in different geographic regionsRegional level: Health entities in countries in the same geographic regionNational level: Referral hospitals, laboratories and health institutes (mainly

public, but also private)Intermediate level: District or provincial facilities: public and private hospitals

and health centresLocal or peripheral level: Health posts, health centres providing basic level of careInformal: Use of ICT for health purposes in the absence of formal

processes and policiesPilot: Testing and evaluating a programmeEstablished: An ongoing programme that has been conducted for a

minimum of 2 years and is planned to continue

© 2016 WHOhttp://www.who.int/goe

https://www.itu.int/net4/ITU-D/idi/2015/

http://www.who.int/gho


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National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2013National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding — 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism — 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%



Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth No 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth No 77% N/A



Physician density (per 10 000 population) 1.15 ICT Development Index rank 80






— 31%


— 46%

Protects the privacy of personally identifiable data of individuals irrespective of whether it is in paper or digital format Yes 78%



No 34%

Governs the sharing of digital data between health professionals in health services in other countries through the use of an EHR No 22%

Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities No 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR No 29%


No 32%

Allows individuals to demand the deletion of health-related data from their EHR No 18%Allows individuals to specify which health-related data from their EHR can be shared with health professionals of their choice

No 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics — 76%Governs national identification management systems — 65%

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Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology National PilotTelepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry National PilotRemote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine N/A 58%Dentistry N/A 39%Public health N/A 50%Nursing & midwifery N/A 47%Pharmacy N/A 38%Biomedical/Life sciences N/A 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine N/A 58%Dentistry N/A 30%Public health N/A 47%Nursing & midwifery N/A 46%Pharmacy N/A 31%Biomedical/Life sciences N/A 34%



National EHR system Yes 2015Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system YesHealth facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Laboratory information systems No 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§

Electronic medical billing systems — 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%

WHO European Region

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7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2013


No 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector No 17% N/AGoverning the use of big data by private companies No 8% N/A

Albania



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth National PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National PilotTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning National PilotDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













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National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 1974National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2014National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% 50-75%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% 50-75%









No 31%


No 46%

Protects the privacy of personally identifiable data of individuals irrespective of whether it is in paper or digital format — 78%



— 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities — 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR No 29%


No 32%


No 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics — 76%Governs national identification management systems Yes 65%

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Teleradiology Local EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Intermediate EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%



National EHR system No N/ALegislation governing the use of the national EHR system ‡Health facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems Yes 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%

WHO African Region

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7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns No 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Algeria



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records Local EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














21

ArgentinaC

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2005National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2014National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2007National telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22% 2010



Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism No 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%





GNI per capita (PPP Int $) — Total health expenditure (% GDP) 7.3







No 31%


Yes 46%


Protects the privacy of individuals’ health-related data held in electronic format in an EHR Yes 54%


Yes 34%

Governs the sharing of digital data between health professionals in health services in other countries through the use of an EHR Yes 22%

Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities Yes 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR ‡ 29%


Yes 32%

Allows individuals to demand the deletion of health-related data from their EHR Yes 18%Allows individuals to specify which health-related data from their EHR can be shared with health professionals of their choice

Yes 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics Yes 76%Governs national identification management systems Yes 65%

22



Teleradiology Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc Informal, PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology National, Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot, EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO Region of the Americas

23

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% 2009Governing the use of big data by private companies No 8% N/A

Argentina



Toll-free emergency Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedHealth call centres Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedAppointment reminders Regional, Intermediate, Local Informal, PilotMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies Intermediate EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot, EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Regional, Intermediate, Local EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools All EstablishedPatient records Local Pilot, EstablishedmLearning Local Pilot, EstablishedDecision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Regional, Local Pilot, EstablishedHealth surveys Intermediate PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













24

ArmeniaC

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text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% 50-75%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth No 77% N/A









No 31%


No 46%




No 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities Yes 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR No 29%


— 32%


No 28%


25



Teleradiology All PilotTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology Intermediate, Local Informal, PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems — 58%Human resources for health information systems No 69%

WHO European Region

26

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector — 17% N/AGoverning the use of big data by private companies — 8% N/A

Armenia



Toll-free emergency Regional, Intermediate, Local EstablishedHealth call centres Local InformalAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth Intermediate, Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence National, Intermediate InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools Local InformalPatient records Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot, EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys Intermediate, Local Informal, PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













27

AustraliaC

ou

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yc

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2008National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2008National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships No 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism N/A 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages Yes 48%












Yes 31%


Yes 46%

Protects the privacy of personally identifiable data of individuals irrespective of whether it is in paper or digital format ‡ 78%



Yes 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities Yes 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR Yes 29%


Yes 32%


Yes 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics No 76%Governs national identification management systems Yes 65%

28



Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry National EstablishedRemote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Yes ‡


Laboratory information systems No 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§

Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems Yes 58%Human resources for health information systems — 69%

WHO Western Pacific Region

29

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2013


— 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments — 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector No 17% N/AGoverning the use of big data by private companies Yes 8% ‡

Australia



Toll-free emergency Regional, National, Local EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records National EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














30

AustriaC

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yc

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*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2008National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships No 42% Zero








GNI per capita (PPP Int $) 43,840 Total health expenditure (% GDP) 11


Nurse & midwife density (per 10 000 population) 9.38 Mobile-cellular subscriptions (% population) —

Hospital bed density (per 10 000 population) 77 Internet users (% population) 81




No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities — 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR Yes 29%


Yes 32%


Yes 28%


31



Teleradiology Intermediate, Local Informal, EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Local ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate Informal, Pilot









Yes <25%


Yes 50-75%


Yes <25%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§

Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems — 58%Human resources for health information systems — 69%

WHO European Region

32

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns — 78%Help manage patient appointments — 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements — 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Austria



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies Intermediate InformalTreatment adherence Local InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













33

AzerbaijanC

ou

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yc

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2010National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2010National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% <25%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth No 77% N/A









No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




‡ 32%


No 28%


34



Teleradiology ‡ ‡Teledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





Yes 50-75%


Yes 25-50%


No N/A


Laboratory information systems No 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system Yes 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§

Electronic medical billing systems No 58%Supply chain management information systems Yes 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%

WHO European Region

35

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Azerbaijan



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡

Mobile telehealthInternational, Regional,

National‡

Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National ‡Patient records National PilotmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














36

BahrainC

ou

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yc

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships ‡ 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% 2011Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages ‡ 48%












Yes 31%


Yes 46%




‡ 34%

Governs the sharing of digital data between health professionals in health services in other countries through the use of an EHR ‡ 22%



No 32%


No 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics ‡ 76%Governs national identification management systems ‡ 65%

37



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National PilotTelepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry National InformalRemote patient monitoring Local Established



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§




National EHR system Yes ‡Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system ‡Health facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


No N/A


No N/A


No N/A



Electronic medical billing systems ‡ 58%Supply chain management information systems ‡ 58%Human resources for health information systems ‡ 69%


38

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2014


No 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums ‡ 59%

8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector ‡ 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies ‡ 8% ‡

Bahrain



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate InformalMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National InformalAccess to information, databases and tools Intermediate EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning Intermediate EstablishedDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National InformalDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













39

BangladeshC

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yc

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2012National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2015National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2011National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% 25-50%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% 25-50%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


40



Teleradiology Intl, Reg, Nat, Intm Pilot, EstablishedTeledermatology National, Intermediate PilotTelepathology National, Intermediate PilotTelepsychiatry National, Intermediate ‡Remote patient monitoring International Pilot




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO South-East Asia Region

41

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2015


No 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments — 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Bangladesh



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate, Local PilotMobile telehealth Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedTreatment adherence Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedPatient records National ‡mLearning Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc Pilot, EstablishedDecision support systems Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedHealth surveys Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedDisease surveillance Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc Established













42

BelarusC

ou

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism — 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages Yes 48%



Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% >75%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% >75%









No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


43



Teleradiology Intermediate InformalTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%



National EHR system Yes 2005Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system NoHealth facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%



Electronic medical billing systems No 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems No 69%

WHO European Region

44

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Belarus



Toll-free emergency Intermediate InformalHealth call centres Intermediate InformalAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools Local ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning National ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate InformalHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













45

BelgiumC

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding — 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%



Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% 1919Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages Yes 48%












No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


46



Teleradiology Local EstablishedTeledermatology Local EstablishedTelepathology Local EstablishedTelepsychiatry Local EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Local Established



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






Yes 50-75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%




WHO European Region

47

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Belgium



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Local InformalAppointment reminders Local EstablishedMobile telehealth Local EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National InformalTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools Local InformalPatient records National Pilot, EstablishedmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems National PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













48

BeninC

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yc

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2008National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 1985National telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22% 2012



Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


49



Teleradiology Local EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology International EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

50

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues No 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Benin



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth Intermediate PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National Established

Access to information, databases and toolsInternational, Regional,

NationalInformal

Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems National PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













51

BhutanC

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 25-50%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero







Population (000s) 754 Life expectancy at birth (years) 68








No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics No 76%Governs national identification management systems No 65%

52












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





53

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues — 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Bhutan



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**















54

Bosnia and HerzegovinaC

ou

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


55



Teleradiology Local EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§




National EHR system Yes ‡Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system YesHealth facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


Yes 25-50%


No N/A


No N/A


Laboratory information systems No 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§

Electronic medical billing systems — 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems No 69%

WHO European Region

56

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns ‡ 78%Help manage patient appointments ‡ 24%Seek feedback on services ‡ 56%Make general health announcements ‡ 72%Make emergency announcements ‡ 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use ‡ 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns ‡ 62%Participate in community-based health forums ‡ 59%

8 . Big data



Bosnia and Herzegovina



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local PilotAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records Local PilotmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













57

BotswanaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding ‡ 77% ‡Private or commercial funding ‡ 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding ‡ 63% ‡Public-private partnerships ‡ 42% ‡



Policy or strategy on multilingualism ‡ 28% ‡Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages ‡ 48%



Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth ‡ 74% ‡Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth ‡ 77% ‡









No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


58



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry Local EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot




Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





No N/A


Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems Yes 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO African Region

59

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Botswana



Toll-free emergency Intermediate EstablishedHealth call centres National InformalAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth Intermediate InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Regional EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools Intermediate EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate InformalHealth surveys Regional PilotDisease surveillance Regional Informal













60

BulgariaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*









Policy or strategy on multilingualism N/A 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages N/A 48%












No 31%


No 46%




Yes 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities No 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR Yes 29%


Yes 32%


Yes 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics Yes 76%Governs national identification management systems No 65%

61



Teleradiology Local InformalTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Local InformalTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Informal









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

62

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues — 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Bulgaria



Toll-free emergency Local InformalHealth call centres Local InformalAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools Intl, Reg, Nat, Intm EstablishedPatient records Local InformalmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













63

Burkina FasoC

ou

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 50-75%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


64












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

65

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Burkina Faso



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records Local PilotmLearning International InformalDecision support systems Local PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance Local Pilot













66

BurundiC

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 50-75%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%



Policy or strategy on multilingualism N/A 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%



Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth No 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% <25%


GNI per capita (PPP Int $) 820 Total health expenditure (% GDP) 8







No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


67



Teleradiology National InformalTeledermatology ‡ InformalTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems No 69%

WHO African Region

68

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues No 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Burundi



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate, Local PilotHealth call centres National, Intermediate, Local PilotAppointment reminders National, Intermediate, Local PilotMobile telehealth Intermediate, Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National PilotTreatment adherence National, Intermediate, Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate, Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records ‡ InformalmLearning ‡ InformalDecision support systems ‡ InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National, Intermediate InformalHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National, Intermediate Established













69

Cabo VerdeC

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% >75%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% 25-50%









No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%

Allows individuals to demand the deletion of health-related data from their EHR ‡ 18%Allows individuals to specify which health-related data from their EHR can be shared with health professionals of their choice

No 28%


70



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry National EstablishedRemote patient monitoring National Established




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%





Yes 25-50%


Yes 50-75%


Yes 50-75%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system Yes 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO African Region

71

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2010


Yes 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% 1998Governing the use of big data by private companies — 8% N/A

Cabo Verde



Toll-free emergency National PilotHealth call centres National PilotAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Established













72

CambodiaC

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding — 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% ‡Public-private partnerships — 42% ‡






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% N/A





Hospital bed density (per 10 000 population) — Internet users (% population) 4.9




No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


73



Teleradiology ‡ ‡Teledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%



Electronic medical billing systems — 58%Supply chain management information systems Yes 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%


74

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements — 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Cambodia



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedHealth call centres Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc PilotAppointment reminders National, Intermediate, Local PilotMobile telehealth National, Intermediate, Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National, Intermediate, Local InformalTreatment adherence National, Intermediate, Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate, Local PilotAccess to information, databases and tools National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedPatient records National, Intermediate, Local PilotmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National, Intermediate, Local PilotHealth surveys National, Intermediate, Local PilotDisease surveillance National, Intermediate, Local Established













75

CanadaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding — 63% ‡Public-private partnerships — 42% ‡






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% 50-75%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% <25%









Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


76



Teleradiology Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate, Local EstablishedTelepathology Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedTelepsychiatry Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Intermediate, Local Pilot, Established









Yes 50-75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%





77

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2013


No 5%




8 . Big data



Canada



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate, Local Informal, EstablishedHealth call centres National, Intermediate, Local Informal, EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot, EstablishedMobile telehealth National, Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies Local InformalTreatment adherence Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot, EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc Pilot, EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National, Local Pilot, EstablishedPatient records Local EstablishedmLearning National, Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot, EstablishedDecision support systems National, Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedHealth surveys Intermediate PilotDisease surveillance National, Local Pilot













78

Central African RepublicC

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yc

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text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships No 42% Zero








GNI per capita (PPP Int $) 600 Total health expenditure (% GDP) 3.9







No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


79












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

80

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Central African Republic



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National PilotTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**















81

ChileC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




‡ 32%


No 28%


82



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry National InformalRemote patient monitoring Local Informal



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





Yes 50-75%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§



83

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Chile



Toll-free emergency National PilotHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














84

ChinaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2009National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2012National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22% 2013



Public funding Yes 77% 25-50%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% 25-50%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% ‡Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%




Population (000s) 1,393,337 Life expectancy at birth (years) 75








No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


‡ 28%


85



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology Local PilotTelepathology Local PilotTelepsychiatry Local PilotRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot









Yes >75%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 50-75%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems Yes 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system Yes 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§



86

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



China



Toll-free emergency Intermediate EstablishedHealth call centres Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local PilotAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records Intermediate PilotmLearning Local PilotDecision support systems Local PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local PilotHealth surveys Intermediate PilotDisease surveillance Intermediate Established













87

ColombiaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy ‡ 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy ‡ 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy ‡ 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22% 2010


















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


88



Teleradiology National, Intermediate Pilot, EstablishedTeledermatology National, Intermediate Pilot, EstablishedTelepathology National, Intermediate Pilot, EstablishedTelepsychiatry National, Intermediate Pilot, EstablishedRemote patient monitoring National, Intermediate Pilot, Established




Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





89

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2010


No 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Colombia



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedHealth call centres Local EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth Intermediate EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National, Intermediate EstablishedmLearning National, Intermediate EstablishedDecision support systems National, Intermediate PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National, Intermediate EstablishedHealth surveys National Pilot, EstablishedDisease surveillance National, Intermediate, Local Established













90

ComorosC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics — 76%Governs national identification management systems No 65%

91












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

92

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Comoros



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**















93

Costa RicaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




No 32%


Yes 28%


94



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate EstablishedTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry Intermediate EstablishedRemote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









Yes 25-50%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%





95

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% 1988Governing the use of big data by private companies Yes 8% 1988

Costa Rica



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National PilotAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth Intermediate InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National PilotPatient records Intermediate PilotmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems Intermediate InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














96

Cote D'IvoireC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


97



Teleradiology Local PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

98

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Cote D'Ivoire



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedHealth call centres National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedAppointment reminders National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedTreatment adherence National, Intermediate, Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance National, Intermediate, Local Established













99

CroatiaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*












Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% <25%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% 25-50%




Nurse & midwife density (per 10 000 population) — Mobile-cellular subscriptions (% population) 115.41





No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


100



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology National InformalTelepsychiatry Local InformalRemote patient monitoring Intermediate Informal









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems — 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%

WHO European Region

101

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Croatia



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders National InformalMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies Local PilotTreatment adherence Intermediate InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools International, National InformalPatient records Local PilotmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














102

CubaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22%



Public funding Yes 77% ‡Private or commercial funding ‡ 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism N/A 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%












No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities ‡ 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR No 29%


No 32%


No 28%


103



Teleradiology Local PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Local PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Pilot



Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





104

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements ‡ 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues — 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies — 8% N/A

Cuba



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence National EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**















105

CyprusC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy — 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2013National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A






Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% ‡Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages Yes 48%












‡ 31%


‡ 46%


Protects the privacy of individuals’ health-related data held in electronic format in an EHR ‡ 54%


‡ 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities ‡ 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR ‡ 29%


‡ 32%


‡ 28%


106



Teleradiology Regional PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry Local PilotRemote patient monitoring Regional Pilot







National EHR system Yes ‡Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system YesHealth facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


Yes ‡


No N/A


No N/A


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO European Region

107

7 . Social media



‡ 18% ‡


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues ‡ 79%Help decide what health services to use ‡ 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals ‡ 62%Run community-based health campaigns ‡ 62%Participate in community-based health forums ‡ 59%

8 . Big data



Cyprus


















108

Czech RepublicC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding — 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding — 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% 25-50%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth — 77% N/A









No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


109



Teleradiology Local EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Local PilotTelepsychiatry Local EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

110

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns — 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Czech Republic



Toll-free emergency National InformalHealth call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies Intermediate EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local PilotAccess to information, databases and tools Intermediate EstablishedPatient records Local PilotmLearning Local EstablishedDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














111

Democratic People's Republic of KoreaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% ‡Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% ‡



Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% ‡Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages ‡ 48%





GNI per capita (PPP Int $) — Total health expenditure (% GDP) —



Hospital bed density (per 10 000 population) 132 Internet users (% population) —




No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




‡ 32%


‡ 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics Yes 76%Governs national identification management systems ‡ 65%

112



Teleradiology National ‡Teledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring National ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems No 58%Supply chain management information systems — 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%


113

7 . Social media



Yes 18% ‡


Yes 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies ‡ 8% ‡

Democratic People's Republic of Korea


















114

DenmarkC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22%



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% 25-50%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% >75%









No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


115



Teleradiology ‡ ‡Teledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry Local PilotRemote patient monitoring National Pilot







National EHR system Yes ‡Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system NoHealth facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


No N/A


Yes ‡


No N/A


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems Yes 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO European Region

116

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Denmark



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres Regional PilotAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Regional EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Regional PilotHealth surveys Regional PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













117

Dominican RepublicC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships — 42% Zero















No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


118



Teleradiology Local ‡Teledermatology Local InformalTelepathology International InformalTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





119

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues — 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums ‡ 59%

8 . Big data



Dominican Republic



Toll-free emergency Intermediate PilotHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National InformalAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records Local EstablishedmLearning International, National EstablishedDecision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance National Established













120

El SalvadorC

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text

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Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% >75%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


121



Teleradiology Local InformalTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%





122

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues No 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



El Salvador



Toll-free emergency National PilotHealth call centres National PilotAppointment reminders National InformalMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools International PilotPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














123

Equatorial GuineaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


124












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

125

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Equatorial Guinea


















126

EstoniaC

ou

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


127



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry International, National PilotRemote patient monitoring International, Local Pilot









Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Laboratory information systems No 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO European Region

128

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Estonia



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth Regional, National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence National InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning Intermediate EstablishedDecision support systems Intermediate PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Regional, Intermediate PilotHealth surveys International EstablishedDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













129

EthiopiaC

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 25-50%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 50-75%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% >75%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% <25%









Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


130



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology Local InformalTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 50-75%




WHO African Region

131

7 . Social media



Yes 18% ‡


No 5%




8 . Big data



Ethiopia



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate, Local PilotMobile telehealth National PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies Intermediate, Local EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate, Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National PilotPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys Local PilotDisease surveillance Local Pilot













132

FinlandC

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


133



Teleradiology Regional EstablishedTeledermatology Local PilotTelepathology Local PilotTelepsychiatry Regional, National EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%




WHO European Region

134

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Finland



Toll-free emergency Regional, National EstablishedHealth call centres Regional, Local EstablishedAppointment reminders Local EstablishedMobile telehealth Regional, Local EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies Regional, National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local Pilot, EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedPatient records Regional, National, Local PilotmLearning Regional, National, Local EstablishedDecision support systems Regional, National, Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance National Informal













135

GambiaC

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text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2014National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2007National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


136



Teleradiology International, National EstablishedTeledermatology International, National EstablishedTelepathology International ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

137

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Gambia



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Regional ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National InformalTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate, Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National Informal, PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













138

GeorgiaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% >75%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


No 46%




— 34%




No 32%


No 28%


139



Teleradiology National InformalTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology National InformalTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

140

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector No 17% N/AGoverning the use of big data by private companies — 8% N/A

Georgia



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














141

GhanaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2010National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 50-75%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




No 32%


No 28%


142












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

143

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Ghana



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National, Local Pilot, EstablishedAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local PilotAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records Local Informal, PilotmLearning Local PilotDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Established













144

GreeceC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding — 63% ‡Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


145



Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology National PilotTelepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry National PilotRemote patient monitoring National Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems Yes 58%Human resources for health information systems No 69%

WHO European Region

146

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Greece



Toll-free emergency Intermediate EstablishedHealth call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth Intermediate EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Local InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**


Patient monitoring Regional EstablishedHealth surveys Intermediate InformalDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













147

GuatemalaC

ou

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yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% 1991Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%












No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


Yes 28%


148



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





149

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Guatemala



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres International, Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth Local EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














150

Guinea-BissauC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


151












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

152

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Guinea-Bissau


















153

HondurasC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% ‡Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% ‡Public-private partnerships Yes 42% ‡















No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


154












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





155

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Honduras



Toll-free emergency Local InformalHealth call centres Local InformalAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance National Informal













156

HungaryC

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding — 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships — 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism No 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages N/A 48%



Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% <25%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth — 77% N/A









No 31%


No 46%




Yes 34%




— 32%


Yes 28%


157



Teleradiology Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedTeledermatology Local PilotTelepathology Intermediate PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

158

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements ‡ 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Hungary



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools Local PilotPatient records National Pilot, EstablishedmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate EstablishedHealth surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance Local Informal













159

IcelandC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


160



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%




WHO European Region

161

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns No 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Iceland



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth National InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems National ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














162

Iran (Islamic Republic of)C

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships ‡ 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


163



Teleradiology Intermediate PilotTeledermatology Intermediate PilotTelepathology Intermediate PilotTelepsychiatry Intermediate PilotRemote patient monitoring Intermediate Pilot









Yes <25%


Yes 25-50%


Yes <25%





164

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Iran (Islamic Republic of)



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth Intermediate InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies Local EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Intermediate InformalAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance National Pilot













165

IraqC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy ‡ 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding — 77% <25%Private or commercial funding — 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% ‡Public-private partnerships — 42% <25%



Policy or strategy on multilingualism — 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages — 48%



Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth No 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth — 77% N/A









Yes 31%


Yes 46%


Protects the privacy of individuals’ health-related data held in electronic format in an EHR — 54%


No 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities No 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR — 29%


‡ 32%


No 28%


166










National EHR system — N/ALegislation governing the use of the national EHR system ‡Health facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





167

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns — 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector No 17% N/AGoverning the use of big data by private companies ‡ 8% ‡

Iraq



Toll-free emergency Local PilotHealth call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**















168

IrelandC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships No 42% Zero






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth — 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% <25%









Yes 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




Yes 32%


‡ 28%


169












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

170

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Ireland



Toll-free emergency ‡ InformalHealth call centres ‡ InformalAppointment reminders ‡ PilotMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ InformalAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














171

IsraelC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 1995National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22%



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




No 32%


Yes 28%


172



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate PilotTelepathology Intermediate PilotTelepsychiatry Intermediate PilotRemote patient monitoring National, Intermediate Pilot









Yes 50-75%


Yes >75%


Yes <25%




WHO European Region

173

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Israel



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools Local ‡Patient records National EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National EstablishedHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance National Established













174

ItalyC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


175



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology Intermediate PilotTelepsychiatry Local InformalRemote patient monitoring Intermediate Established




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%





Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%




WHO European Region

176

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Italy



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools Local InformalPatient records Intermediate EstablishedmLearning Local EstablishedDecision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance Local Informal













177

JamaicaC

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yc

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text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


178












Yes <25%


No N/A


No N/A


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§



179

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Jamaica



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth Intermediate InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning International EstablishedDecision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














180

JapanC

ou

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yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% ‡Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding — 63% ‡Public-private partnerships Yes 42% ‡



Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% ‡Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages — 48%



Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth — 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% N/A









Yes 31%


Yes 46%




— 34%




— 32%


— 28%


181



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry Local InformalRemote patient monitoring National Established









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





182

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies — 8% N/A

Japan



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth Intermediate EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies Intermediate EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records Local InformalmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














183

JordanC

ou

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yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2015National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2009National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy — 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero















— 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


— 28%


184



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology Intermediate EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate Informal



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





Yes <25%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%



Electronic medical billing systems — 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%


185

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Jordan



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate InformalMobile telehealth International, National PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records Intermediate EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems Intermediate PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National PilotHealth surveys National PilotDisease surveillance National Pilot













186

KazakhstanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




— 32%


No 28%


187



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate EstablishedTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring National Established



Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%





Yes 25-50%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%




WHO European Region

188

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Kazakhstan



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedHealth call centres National, Local EstablishedAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems Local PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local PilotHealth surveys Local PilotDisease surveillance Local Pilot













189

KenyaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy — 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2011National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2009National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


190



Teleradiology Local InformalTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

191

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Kenya



Toll-free emergency ‡ InformalHealth call centres ‡ InformalAppointment reminders ‡ PilotMobile telehealth ‡ InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ InformalTreatment adherence ‡ InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ InformalAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ InformalPatient records ‡ InformalmLearning ‡ InformalDecision support systems ‡ InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ InformalHealth surveys ‡ PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













192

KiribatiC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy ‡ 22% ‡









Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth No 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% 25-50%









‡ 31%


No 46%




‡ 34%




‡ 32%


‡ 28%


193










National EHR system Yes 2012Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system ‡Health facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%





194

7 . Social media



‡ 18% ‡


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies ‡ 8% ‡

Kiribati


















195

KyrgyzstanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


196



Teleradiology Intermediate, Local InformalTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry Intermediate InformalRemote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

197

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Kyrgyzstan


















198

Lao People's Democratic RepublicC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




‡ 34%




No 32%


‡ 28%


199












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





200

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues — 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Lao People's Democratic Republic



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth Local ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**















201

LatviaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% >75%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


202



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Local EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

203

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2012


No 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Latvia



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Local EstablishedMobile telehealth Intermediate EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools International, National, Local EstablishedPatient records Intermediate EstablishedmLearning Local EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance National Established













204

LebanonC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% ‡















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


205



Teleradiology Intermediate InformalTeledermatology Intermediate InformalTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





206

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Lebanon



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National, Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records Intermediate InformalmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














207

LesothoC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%

Governs civil registration and vital statistics No 76%Governs national identification management systems — 65%

208












No N/A


Yes 50-75%


Yes 50-75%




WHO African Region

209

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Lesotho


















210

LithuaniaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding — 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















‡ 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


211



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology International PilotTelepsychiatry National InformalRemote patient monitoring National Pilot









Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes 50-75%




WHO European Region

212

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Lithuania



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local PilotAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning International EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys National PilotDisease surveillance National Pilot













213

LuxembourgC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy — 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2006National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2012National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















Yes 31%


No 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


214



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate, Local Established









Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes 50-75%




WHO European Region

215

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2013


No 5%




8 . Big data



Luxembourg



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders National InformalMobile telehealth National PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies International EstablishedTreatment adherence National PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records National EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Local PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














216

MadagascarC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding — 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


217



Teleradiology International PilotTeledermatology International PilotTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems — 58%Supply chain management information systems — 58%Human resources for health information systems — 69%

WHO African Region

218

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services No 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Madagascar



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Intermediate PilotMobile telehealth National PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National PilotTreatment adherence Regional PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Intermediate PilotAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records International PilotmLearning International PilotDecision support systems National PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














219

MalawiC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 50-75%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


220






Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%




WHO African Region

221

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Malawi



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth Local EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies Local PilotTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Intermediate InformalAccess to information, databases and tools International InformalPatient records National EstablishedmLearning International, Regional InformalDecision support systems All EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National, Intermediate EstablishedDisease surveillance Intermediate Informal













222

MalaysiaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% 25-50%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


223



Teleradiology National ‡Teledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Pilot









Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§

Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems Yes 58%Human resources for health information systems ‡ 69%


224

7 . Social media



Yes 18% ‡


No 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums ‡ 59%

8 . Big data



Malaysia



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate, Local EstablishedMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National InformalTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local PilotHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Informal













225

MaldivesC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2011National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy ‡ 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


226



Teleradiology ‡ ‡Teledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry National InformalRemote patient monitoring ‡ ‡




Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





227

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Maldives


















228

MaliC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


229



Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

230

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Mali



Toll-free emergency National InformalHealth call centres National PilotAppointment reminders National InformalMobile telehealth Regional PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National PilotTreatment adherence National PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National InformalAccess to information, databases and tools Regional, National ‡Patient records National PilotmLearning National PilotDecision support systems National PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Pilot













231

MaltaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


— 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


232



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring National Established




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

233

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Malta



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence National EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning International EstablishedDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National EstablishedHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













234

MauritaniaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


235



Teleradiology International PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology International PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

236

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Mauritania



Toll-free emergency National PilotHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth International PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National InformalTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National InformalAccess to information, databases and tools National PilotPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National InformalHealth surveys National PilotDisease surveillance National Pilot













237

MexicoC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


238



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology Intermediate PilotTelepsychiatry National EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot









Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Yes >75%





239

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2013


No 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector No 17% N/AGoverning the use of big data by private companies Yes 8% 2010

Mexico



Toll-free emergency Intermediate EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**


Patient monitoring Intermediate PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance Intermediate Informal













240

MongoliaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% >75%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


241



Teleradiology Intermediate PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Intermediate PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









Yes <25%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 50-75%





242

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2010


Yes 5%




8 . Big data



Mongolia



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedHealth call centres National, Intermediate, Local Informal, EstablishedAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Intermediate, Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














243

MontenegroC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*

















Hospital bed density (per 10 000 population) 39 Internet users (% population) —




— 31%


— 46%




Yes 34%




No 32%


No 28%


244












Yes >75%


Yes >75%


No N/A




WHO European Region

245

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements — 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Montenegro



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Local EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














246

MoroccoC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


247



Teleradiology Local PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡




Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems Yes 69%


248

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Morocco



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National PilotMobile telehealth Intermediate PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Pilot













249

NetherlandsC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


250



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate EstablishedTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry National EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Local Established









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

251

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2010


— 5%




8 . Big data



Netherlands



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Local EstablishedMobile telehealth Local EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records Local EstablishedmLearning International ‡Decision support systems Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys Local PilotDisease surveillance National Established













252

New ZealandC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


253



Teleradiology International, Regional EstablishedTeledermatology Local PilotTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry Regional, Local EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





254

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2012


No 5%




8 . Big data



New Zealand



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedAppointment reminders Local EstablishedMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies Regional, National, Local EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate, Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National, Local EstablishedPatient records All EstablishedmLearning National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedDecision support systems International, National, Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys Local PilotDisease surveillance Local Informal













255

NigerC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding ‡ 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


256



Teleradiology National InformalTeledermatology National InformalTelepathology National, Intermediate InformalTelepsychiatry National InformalRemote patient monitoring National Informal



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






No N/A


No N/A


No N/A




WHO African Region

257

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Niger



Toll-free emergency Reg, Nat, Intm EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Reg, Nat, Intm InformalMobile telehealth All InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedTreatment adherence Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization International, National InformalAccess to information, databases and tools Intl, Reg, Nat InformalPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning International, National EstablishedDecision support systems International, National InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National InformalHealth surveys National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedDisease surveillance National, Intermediate, Local Established













258

NorwayC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 1967National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 1996National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22%



Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships No 42% Zero















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




No 32%


No 28%


259



Teleradiology Regional, Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology Regional, Local Pilot, EstablishedTelepathology Regional ‡Telepsychiatry Regional Informal, Pilot, EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Regional, Intermediate, Local Informal, Pilot









Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%




WHO European Region

260

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Norway



Toll-free emergency National ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Regional, Local ‡Mobile telehealth Local ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National ‡Access to information, databases and tools National ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning National, Local ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local ‡Health surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













261

OmanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2001National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


262












Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%





263

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2014


No 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Oman



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National PilotTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National PilotmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National EstablishedHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Established













264

PakistanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 25-50%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities ‡ 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR No 29%


No 32%


No 28%


265



Teleradiology Local InformalTeledermatology Intermediate, Local Informal, PilotTelepathology Local InformalTelepsychiatry Local InformalRemote patient monitoring Intermediate Pilot









Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%





266

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Pakistan



Toll-free emergency Intermediate EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National, Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth Intermediate EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National, Intermediate EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools Intermediate EstablishedPatient records National, Intermediate EstablishedmLearning Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc EstablishedDecision support systems National, Intermediate EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate EstablishedHealth surveys National, Intermediate EstablishedDisease surveillance National, Intermediate Established













267

PanamaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2014National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


268












Yes 25-50%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%





269

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Panama



Toll-free emergency National PilotHealth call centres National PilotAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Intermediate InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National InformalPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Intermediate InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













270

ParaguayC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding No 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding Yes 40% 25-50%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% 25-50%















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


— 28%


271






Medicine No 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






Yes 50-75%


Yes 25-50%


Yes <25%


Laboratory information systems No 35%Pathology information systems Yes 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§



272

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Paraguay



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














273

PeruC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


274



Teleradiology Intermediate, Local InformalTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology Intermediate, Local InformalTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






No N/A


Yes <25%


Yes <25%





275

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Peru



Toll-free emergency National, Local EstablishedHealth call centres National, Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders Local EstablishedMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance Intermediate Established













276

PhilippinesC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


Yes 28%


277



Teleradiology International EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate EstablishedTelepathology Local EstablishedTelepsychiatry International InformalRemote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems No 58%Supply chain management information systems Yes 58%Human resources for health information systems No 69%


278

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Philippines



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders National, Intermediate PilotMobile telehealth Regional PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools International, National EstablishedPatient records Local EstablishedmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys National Pilot, EstablishedDisease surveillance Regional Informal













279

PolandC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding — 63% ‡Public-private partnerships — 42% ‡















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




No 32%


No 28%


280



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology Local PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

281

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Poland



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools Local InformalPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Local PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














282

PortugalC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities ‡ 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR Yes 29%


Yes 32%


No 28%


283



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology Regional EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring National Pilot









Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes <25%




WHO European Region

284

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Portugal



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National InformalmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Local PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance National Established













285

QatarC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding — 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding — 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth — 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% 25-50%









No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


— 28%


286












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





287

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Qatar



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National PilotMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Intermediate PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













288

Republic of MoldovaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 25-50%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


289



Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring National Pilot



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






Yes 50-75%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%




WHO European Region

290

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2013


No 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Republic of Moldova



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National PilotMobile telehealth Regional InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records National EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













291

RomaniaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy ‡ 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy ‡ 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy ‡ 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy ‡ 22% ‡


















Yes 31%


— 46%




No 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


292












Yes 25-50%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Laboratory information systems No 35%Pathology information systems No 18%Pharmacy information systems Yes 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO European Region

293

7 . Social media



‡ 18% ‡


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Romania


















294

Russian FederationC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*















Physician density (per 10 000 population) — ICT Development Index rank 40






— 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


295



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology National InformalTelepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry National InformalRemote patient monitoring Intermediate Pilot




Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%





Yes 50-75%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%




WHO European Region

296

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2010


No 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements No 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Russian Federation



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Intermediate, Local PilotAppointment reminders Intermediate Pilot, EstablishedMobile telehealth National, Intermediate Pilot, EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Intermediate, Local Pilot

Access to information, databases and toolsInternational, Regional,

NationalInformal

Patient records National Pilot, EstablishedmLearning National PilotDecision support systems National InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate PilotHealth surveys Local PilotDisease surveillance National Established













297

RwandaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy ‡ 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2015National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% 25-50%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















‡ 31%


‡ 46%




‡ 34%




‡ 32%


‡ 28%


298



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate Pilot









No N/A


No N/A


No N/A




WHO African Region

299

7 . Social media



‡ 18% ‡


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Rwanda




Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records National EstablishedmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














300

San MarinoC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding No 77% ‡Private or commercial funding No 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding No 63% ‡Public-private partnerships No 42% ‡















No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


301












Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%




WHO European Region

302

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



San Marino


















303

SenegalC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


Yes 28%


304



Teleradiology Intermediate EstablishedTeledermatology Local EstablishedTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring International, Local Pilot



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

305

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2013


No 5%




8 . Big data



Senegal



Toll-free emergency Local PilotHealth call centres International EstablishedAppointment reminders Regional, National, Local PilotMobile telehealth Local Informal, PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence International, Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools International, Local Pilot, EstablishedPatient records Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedmLearning International, National EstablishedDecision support systems Local Informal, PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local PilotHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Pilot, Established













306

SerbiaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy No 75% N/ANational eHealth policy or strategy ‡ 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2009National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships — 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


307












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

308

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues No 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns Yes 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Serbia


















309

SeychellesC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% ZeroPrivate or commercial funding Yes 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships No 42% Zero






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% >75%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth No 77% N/A









No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


310



TeleradiologyInternational, National,

IntermediateInformal

TeledermatologyInternational, National,


TelepathologyInternational, National,


Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

311

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Seychelles



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres National InformalAppointment reminders National InformalMobile telehealth International, National InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National InformalTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National InformalAccess to information, databases and tools International, National InformalPatient records International, National InformalmLearning International, National ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National InformalDisease surveillance International, National Informal













312

SingaporeC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2003National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2009National telehealth policy or strategy Yes 22% 2014


















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


313



Teleradiology International EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate EstablishedTelepathology Intermediate EstablishedTelepsychiatry Intermediate InformalRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






Yes 50-75%


Yes 50-75%


Yes 50-75%





314

7 . Social media



Yes 18% ‡


Yes 5%




8 . Big data



Singapore



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth Intermediate EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools Intermediate EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate EstablishedHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance Intermediate Informal













315

SloveniaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy No 58% N/ANational health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A






Policy or strategy on multilingualism Yes 28% ‡Government-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%






Physician density (per 10 000 population) — ICT Development Index rank 28






Yes 31%


No 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


316



Teleradiology National ‡Teledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

317

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies Yes 8% ‡

Slovenia



Toll-free emergency Intermediate EstablishedHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Local ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records Local PilotmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance Local Pilot













318

SomaliaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*












Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth — 74% N/AHealth professionals – In-service training in eHealth No 77% N/A


GNI per capita (PPP Int $) — Total health expenditure (% GDP) —







No 31%


— 46%




— 34%




No 32%


No 28%


319












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





320

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments ‡ 24%Seek feedback on services ‡ 56%Make general health announcements ‡ 72%Make emergency announcements ‡ 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use ‡ 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals ‡ 62%Run community-based health campaigns ‡ 62%Participate in community-based health forums ‡ 59%

8 . Big data



Somalia


















321

South AfricaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% <25%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth No 77% N/A









— 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




‡ 32%


‡ 28%


322












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

323

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



South Africa



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres Regional EstablishedAppointment reminders Regional PilotMobile telehealth Local PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Regional, National, Local Pilot, EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools Local PilotPatient records National, Local PilotmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National EstablishedHealth surveys Regional EstablishedDisease surveillance National Established













324

South SudanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*















Physician density (per 10 000 population) — ICT Development Index rank —


Hospital bed density (per 10 000 population) — Internet users (% population) —




No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


325












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

326

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



South Sudan



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres Intermediate, Local PilotAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National, Intermediate, Local EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














327

SpainC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


328



Teleradiology All EstablishedTeledermatology Intl, Reg, Intm, Loc EstablishedTelepathology Regional, Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedTelepsychiatry Regional, Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedRemote patient monitoring Reg, Nat, Intm, Loc Pilot, Established









Yes >75%


Yes 50-75%


Yes 50-75%




WHO European Region

329

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Spain



Toll-free emergency Intl, Reg, Nat, Loc EstablishedHealth call centres All Informal, EstablishedAppointment reminders Regional EstablishedMobile telehealth Regional EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies Regional PilotTreatment adherence Regional, Local Pilot, EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Regional PilotAccess to information, databases and tools National Established

Patient recordsInternational, Regional,

NationalPilot, Established

mLearning Local InformalDecision support systems Regional EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Regional, Local PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance Regional Pilot













330

SudanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















Yes 31%


No 46%


Protects the privacy of individuals’ health-related data held in electronic format in an EHR — 54%


No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


331



Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





332

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues — 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Sudan



Toll-free emergency National, Intermediate EstablishedHealth call centres National, Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth Intermediate EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Intermediate EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













333

SwedenC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% >75%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding — 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















Yes 31%


— 46%




Yes 34%


Governs the sharing of personal and health data between research entities — 39%Allows individuals electronic access to their own health-related data when held in an EHR Yes 29%


Yes 32%


Yes 28%


334



TeleradiologyInternational, Regional,

NationalEstablished

Teledermatology Intermediate, Local Pilot, EstablishedTelepathology Intermediate EstablishedTelepsychiatry National, Intermediate Pilot, EstablishedRemote patient monitoring International, Intermediate Pilot, Established









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

335

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments — 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Sweden



Toll-free emergency International EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National, Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth National, Intermediate Established

Management of disasters and emergenciesInternational, National,

IntermediateEstablished

Treatment adherence Intermediate EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records Intermediate EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems National, Intermediate EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate EstablishedHealth surveys Intermediate EstablishedDisease surveillance Intermediate Established













336

SwitzerlandC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding No 63% ZeroPublic-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%






Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% <25%Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth Yes 77% >75%









Yes 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


337



Teleradiology Regional EstablishedTeledermatology Regional InformalTelepathology Local InformalTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Informal









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

338

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments No 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements No 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use — 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals Yes 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums Yes 59%

8 . Big data



Switzerland



Toll-free emergency Regional EstablishedHealth call centres Regional EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies Local InformalTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools Local InformalPatient records Regional PilotmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Regional PilotHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













339

Syrian Arab RepublicC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


340












N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





341

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Syrian Arab Republic




Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance National Established













342

TajikistanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2010National eHealth policy or strategy ‡ 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% 2011National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


343



Teleradiology ‡ ‡Teledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Regional, National Informal



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery Yes 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§

Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry Yes 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 34%





Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems Yes 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS No 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system No 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO European Region

344

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns ‡ 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements Yes 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Tajikistan



Toll-free emergency Regional EstablishedHealth call centres Regional, National InformalAppointment reminders Regional EstablishedMobile telehealth Regional, National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies Regional, National EstablishedTreatment adherence Regional EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Regional, National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools Regional InformalPatient records Regional, National InformalmLearning Regional, National InformalDecision support systems Regional, National InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Regional, National EstablishedHealth surveys Regional, National EstablishedDisease surveillance Regional Informal













345

Timor-LesteC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% ‡Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% ‡Public-private partnerships Yes 42% ‡















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


346










National EHR system Yes ‡Legislation governing the use of the national EHR system NoHealth facilities with EHR Use EHR Facilities with EHR %**


No N/A


No N/A


Yes <25%





347

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments — 24%Seek feedback on services — 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§

Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use Yes 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals — 62%Run community-based health campaigns — 62%Participate in community-based health forums — 59%

8 . Big data



Timor-Leste



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Intermediate EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records ‡ ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys Local PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













348

Trinidad and TobagoC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy Yes 66% ‡National telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A



Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding — 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships — 42% Zero



Policy or strategy on multilingualism — 28% N/AGovernment-supported Internet sites in multiple languages No 48%












Yes 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


349



Teleradiology International InformalTeledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems — 58%Supply chain management information systems No 58%Human resources for health information systems — 69%


350

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Trinidad and Tobago



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National PilotTreatment adherence Intermediate InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records Intermediate PilotmLearning International EstablishedDecision support systems International EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local InformalHealth surveys National PilotDisease surveillance ‡ ‡













351

TunisiaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy ‡ 75% ‡National eHealth policy or strategy ‡ 58% ‡National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy No 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy ‡ 22% ‡



Public funding ‡ 77% >75%Private or commercial funding ‡ 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding — 63% ‡Public-private partnerships ‡ 42% Zero















‡ 31%


‡ 46%




‡ 34%




‡ 32%


‡ 28%


352












No N/A


No N/A


No N/A





353

7 . Social media



‡ 18% ‡


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Tunisia


















354

TurkeyC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*












Health sciences students – Pre-service training in eHealth Yes 74% ‡Health professionals – In-service training in eHealth — 77% N/A









Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


Yes 28%


355



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National PilotTelepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry National PilotRemote patient monitoring National Pilot









Yes >75%


Yes >75%


Yes >75%




WHO European Region

356

7 . Social media



— 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Turkey



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National PilotMobile telehealth National PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence National EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National PilotDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National EstablishedHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Established













357

TurkmenistanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding — 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding — 63% ‡Public-private partnerships — 42% ‡















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


Yes 28%


358



Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology National PilotTelepathology National PilotTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health No 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy No 38%Biomedical/Life sciences No 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Yes 25-50%


Laboratory information systems Yes 35%Pathology information systems Yes 18%Pharmacy information systems No 33%PACS Yes 26%Automatic vaccination alerting system Yes 10%ICT-assisted functions Country response Global "yes" response§


WHO European Region

359

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Turkmenistan



Toll-free emergency ‡ ‡Health call centres ‡ ‡Appointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth Intl, Reg, Nat ‡Management of disasters and emergencies Intl, Reg, Nat ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National ‡Access to information, databases and tools Intl, Reg, Nat ‡Patient records Regional, National ‡mLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems Regional, National ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National ‡Health surveys National ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













360

UgandaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


Yes 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


361



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology National EstablishedTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry National PilotRemote patient monitoring Local Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

362

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2008


Yes 5%




8 . Big data



Uganda



Toll-free emergency Intermediate PilotHealth call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders National PilotMobile telehealth Local InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies Regional EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools All EstablishedPatient records Local EstablishedmLearning All EstablishedDecision support systems Local EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys Regional, National Established

Disease surveillanceInternational, Regional,

NationalEstablished













363

UkraineC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% <25%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


364



Teleradiology Local PilotTeledermatology Intermediate PilotTelepathology Regional PilotTelepsychiatry Intermediate InformalRemote patient monitoring Local Informal



Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 39%Public health Yes 50%Nursing & midwifery No 47%Pharmacy Yes 38%Biomedical/Life sciences Yes 42%Health professionals – In-service Country response Global "yes" response§






N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

365

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%



Learn about health issues Yes 79%Help decide what health services to use No 56%Provide feedback to health facilities or health professionals No 62%Run community-based health campaigns No 62%Participate in community-based health forums No 59%

8 . Big data



Ukraine



Toll-free emergency Regional, Local Pilot, EstablishedHealth call centres Local Informal, PilotAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth Intermediate InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Local InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization Local InformalAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records Intermediate PilotmLearning Intermediate InformalDecision support systems Intermediate InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate InformalHealth surveys Intermediate InformalDisease surveillance Intermediate Pilot













366

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




No 32%


Yes 28%


367



Teleradiology Local InformalTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology Local InformalTelepsychiatry Local InformalRemote patient monitoring Intermediate Established









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO European Region

368

7 . Social media



Yes 18% 2012


Yes 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% 2014Governing the use of big data by private companies Yes 8% ‡

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres Intermediate EstablishedAppointment reminders Intermediate EstablishedMobile telehealth Intermediate InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence Intermediate EstablishedAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems Intermediate EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate InformalHealth surveys Intermediate EstablishedDisease surveillance Intermediate Established













369

United States of AmericaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% ‡Private or commercial funding Yes 40% ‡Donor/non-public funding No 63% ‡Public-private partnerships No 42% ‡















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


370



Teleradiology Intermediate ‡Teledermatology Intermediate ‡Telepathology Intermediate ‡Telepsychiatry Intermediate ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡



Electronic medical billing systems Yes 58%Supply chain management information systems — 58%Human resources for health information systems — 69%


371

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



United States of America



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth National EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems National EstablishedCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring National EstablishedHealth surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance ‡ ‡













372

UruguayC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*





















Yes 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


373



Teleradiology National PilotTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Pilot









Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes <25%





374

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%


Promote health messages as a part of health promotion campaigns Yes 78%Help manage patient appointments Yes 24%Seek feedback on services Yes 56%Make general health announcements Yes 72%Make emergency announcements — 59%Individuals and communities – use of social media Country response Global "yes" response§


8 . Big data



Uruguay



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National EstablishedAppointment reminders National EstablishedMobile telehealth National InformalManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National EstablishedAccess to information, databases and tools International EstablishedPatient records National EstablishedmLearning National EstablishedDecision support systems Local InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**














375

UzbekistanC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% 50-75%Private or commercial funding Yes 40% <25%Donor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships Yes 42% <25%















No 31%


Yes 46%




Yes 34%




Yes 32%


No 28%


376



Teleradiology Local InformalTeledermatology Local InformalTelepathology National EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Intermediate Pilot




Medicine Yes 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health Yes 47%Nursing & midwifery No 46%Pharmacy Yes 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





Yes <25%


Yes <25%


Yes 25-50%




WHO European Region

377

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Uzbekistan



Toll-free emergency National EstablishedHealth call centres National PilotAppointment reminders Local InformalMobile telehealth Intermediate PilotManagement of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence Local InformalAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools National EstablishedPatient records National PilotmLearning National PilotDecision support systems Intermediate PilotCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Intermediate PilotHealth surveys Local InformalDisease surveillance Intermediate Pilot













378

Viet NamC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*



National universal health coverage policy or strategy Yes 75% 2013National eHealth policy or strategy Yes 58% 2006National health information system (HIS) policy or strategy — 66% N/ANational telehealth policy or strategy No 22% N/A


















Yes 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


379



Teleradiology National EstablishedTeledermatology Intermediate EstablishedTelepathology International, National EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡





380

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector No 17% N/AGoverning the use of big data by private companies Yes 8% 2015

Viet Nam



Toll-free emergency International, National EstablishedHealth call centres International, National EstablishedAppointment reminders ‡ ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies National EstablishedTreatment adherence ‡ ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization ‡ ‡Access to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records National PilotmLearning ‡ ‡Decision support systems ‡ ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ ‡Health surveys ‡ ‡Disease surveillance National Established













381

ZambiaC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*






Public funding Yes 77% <25%Private or commercial funding No 40% ZeroDonor/non-public funding Yes 63% 25-50%Public-private partnerships No 42% Zero















No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


382



Teleradiology Intermediate ‡Teledermatology ‡ ‡Telepathology ‡ ‡Telepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring ‡ ‡




Medicine No 58%Dentistry No 30%Public health No 47%Nursing & midwifery Yes 46%Pharmacy No 31%Biomedical/Life sciences No 34%





Yes 25-50%


Yes <25%


No N/A




WHO African Region

383

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data



Zambia



Toll-free emergency National ‡Health call centres National ‡Appointment reminders National ‡Mobile telehealth ‡ ‡Management of disasters and emergencies ‡ ‡Treatment adherence National ‡Accessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National ‡Access to information, databases and tools ‡ ‡Patient records Intermediate ‡mLearning Intermediate ‡Decision support systems Intermediate ‡Collecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring ‡ PilotHealth surveys National ‡Disease surveillance National ‡













384

ZimbabweC

ou

ntr

yc

on

text

*














GNI per capita (PPP Int $) 1,560 Total health expenditure (% GDP) —







No 31%


No 46%




No 34%




No 32%


No 28%


385



Teleradiology National, Intermediate ‡Teledermatology ‡ InformalTelepathology Local EstablishedTelepsychiatry ‡ ‡Remote patient monitoring Local Pilot









N/A ‡


N/A ‡


N/A ‡




WHO African Region

386

7 . Social media



No 18% N/A


‡ 5%




8 . Big data


Governing the use of big data in the health sector Yes 17% ‡Governing the use of big data by private companies No 8% N/A

Zimbabwe



Toll-free emergency Local ‡Health call centres Local PilotAppointment reminders Local PilotMobile telehealth ‡ Informal, EstablishedManagement of disasters and emergencies National Informal, EstablishedTreatment adherence Local PilotAccessing/providing health information Health system level** Programme type**

Community mobilization National PilotAccess to information, databases and tools Local EstablishedPatient records Local InformalmLearning Local InformalDecision support systems ‡ InformalCollecting health information Health system level** Programme type**

Patient monitoring Local EstablishedHealth surveys National EstablishedDisease surveillance National Established













ISBN 978 92 4 156521 9


