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Astronomy103FinalReview
Spring2009
WhataspectofSagi>ariusA*showsevidenceofamassiveblackholeinthecenterofourGalaxy?
A.ItisemiIngconsiderable21‐cmradiaKon.
B. Ithasejectedacloudoflow‐densitydust.
C. ItisemiIngfarinfraredradiaKon.
D.Rapidlymovingstarsarenearit.
WhataspectofSagi>ariusA*showsevidenceofamassiveblackholeinthecenterofourGalaxy?
A.ItisemiIngconsiderable21‐cmradiaKon.
B. Ithasejectedacloudoflow‐densitydust.
C. ItisemiIngfarinfraredradiaKon.
D.Rapidlymovingstarsarenearit.
“Standardcandles,”whichareessenKaltoolsformeasuringdistancestoremotegalaxies,are
A. starsandotherobjectsofknownintrinsicbrightnesswhoseapparentbrightnesscanthenbeusedtofindthedistance.
B. standardlaboratorylightsourceswithwhichthebrightnessofagalaxycanbecompared.
C. heatsourcesofstandardintensityusedtocalibrateinfraredobservaKonsofgalaxies.
D. laboratorylightsourceswithaccuratelymeasuredspectraforcalibraKngstellarandgalacKcspectra.
“Standardcandles,”whichareessenKaltoolsformeasuringdistancestoremotegalaxies,are
A. starsandotherobjectsofknownintrinsicbrightnesswhoseapparentbrightnesscanthenbeusedtofindthedistance.
B. standardlaboratorylightsourceswithwhichthebrightnessofagalaxycanbecompared.
C. heatsourcesofstandardintensityusedtocalibrateinfraredobservaKonsofgalaxies.
D. laboratorylightsourceswithaccuratelymeasuredspectraforcalibraKngstellarandgalacKcspectra.
TheHubblelawsaysthatifgalaxyBhastwicetheredshiVofgalaxyA,thengalaxyBis
A.halfasdistantasgalaxyA.
B. twiceasdistantasgalaxyA.
C. halfashotasgalaxyA.
D.twiceashotasgalaxyA.
TheHubblelawsaysthatifgalaxyBhastwicetheredshiVofgalaxyA,thengalaxyBis
A.halfasdistantasgalaxyA.
B. twiceasdistantasgalaxyA.
C. halfashotasgalaxyA.
D.twiceashotasgalaxyA.
Thelargescalestructureoftheuniverseshowsusthat
A. Visiblema>erformedalongdarkma>erfilaments
B. SuperclustersareulKmatelytheresultofdensityfluctuaKonsintheearlyuniverse
C. VoidsintheuniversegetlargerwithKme
D. Alloftheabove
Thelargescalestructureoftheuniverseshowsusthat
A. Visiblema>erformedalongdarkma>erfilaments
B. SuperclustersareulKmatelytheresultofdensityfluctuaKonsintheearlyuniverse
C. VoidsintheuniversegetlargerwithKme
D. Alloftheabove
TheeraofrecombinaKon(380,000yearsaVertheBigBang)iswhen
A. PopIIIstarsbegantoform
B. Thefirstatomsformed
C. NeutrinoscouldfreelytravelintospaceD. TheuniversebeganitsinflaKonphase
TheeraofrecombinaKon(380,000yearsaVertheBigBang)iswhen
A. PopIIIstarsbegantoform
B. Thefirstatomsformed
C. NeutrinoscouldfreelytravelintospaceD. TheuniversebeganitsinflaKonphase
TherotaKoncurveforspiralgalaxiesremainsremarkablyconstantatlargedistancesfromthecentralbulge.Whatisthesignificance?
A. Thesegalaxiescontainsignificantamountsof“darkma>er”thatcannotbedetectedusingelectromagneKcradiaKonatanywavelength.
B. Thestarsinthesegalaxies,likeplanetsorbiKngtheSuninourownsolarsystem,moveprimarilyunderthegravitaKonalpullofalargemassatthecenterofthesystem.
C. ThestarsinthesegalaxiesinfluenceeachothergravitaKonallyinsuchawaythatthegalaxyrotateslikeasoliddisk.
D. Mostofthemassofthesegalaxiesislocatedinthedisk;relaKvelyli>lemassislocatedinthecentralbulge.
TherotaKoncurveforspiralgalaxiesremainsremarkablyconstantatlargedistancesfromthecentralbulge.Whatisthesignificance?
A. Thesegalaxiescontainsignificantamountsof“darkma>er”thatcannotbedetectedusingelectromagneKcradiaKonatanywavelength.
B. Thestarsinthesegalaxies,likeplanetsorbiKngtheSuninourownsolarsystem,moveprimarilyunderthegravitaKonalpullofalargemassatthecenterofthesystem.
C. ThestarsinthesegalaxiesinfluenceeachothergravitaKonallyinsuchawaythatthegalaxyrotateslikeasoliddisk.
D. Mostofthemassofthesegalaxiesislocatedinthedisk;relaKvelyli>lemassislocatedinthecentralbulge.
Abarredspiralgalaxyisa(n)
A.spiralgalaxywhich,becauseofthegravitaKonalinfluenceofaneighboringgalaxy,isunabletoconKnue,oris“barred”from,rotaKnginanormalmanner.
B.spiralgalaxythathaslostallitsinterstellargasanddustandnowjustshowsacentralbulgecrossedbyastraight,featurelessdisk.
C.galaxywithastraightbarofstarspassingthroughitsnucleusandspiralarmsextendingfromtheendsofthebar.
D.edge‐ongalaxywithaverydensedustlaneinitsplanethatblockslightfromthespiralarmsanddisk.
Abarredspiralgalaxyisa(n)
A.spiralgalaxywhich,becauseofthegravitaKonalinfluenceofaneighboringgalaxy,isunabletoconKnue,oris“barred”from,rotaKnginanormalmanner.
B.spiralgalaxythathaslostallitsinterstellargasanddustandnowjustshowsacentralbulgecrossedbyastraight,featurelessdisk.
C.galaxywithastraightbarofstarspassingthroughitsnucleusandspiralarmsextendingfromtheendsofthebar.
D.edge‐ongalaxywithaverydensedustlaneinitsplanethatblockslightfromthespiralarmsanddisk.
WhichofthefollowingisnotacharacterisKcofquasars?
A.Theyhavebroademissionlines.
B. Theyarelesscommonintheearlyuniversethantheyaretoday.
C. TheyareatenormousdistancesfromEarth.
D.TheyoVengiveoffstrongradioradiaKon.
WhichofthefollowingisnotacharacterisKcofquasars?
A.Theyhavebroademissionlines.
B. Theyarelesscommonintheearlyuniversethantheyaretoday.
C. TheyareatenormousdistancesfromEarth.
D.TheyoVengiveoffstrongradioradiaKon.
TheKdalstreamsappearingtocomeoffoftheLargeandSmallMagellenicCloudsshowthat
A. TheLMCandSMCusedtobepartoftheMilkyWayB. ThegravityfromtheMilkyWayisdisrupKngtheLMC
andSMCastheyorbitthegalaxyC. TheLMCandSMCaresKllformingfrommaterial
surroundingtheMilkyWayD. TheKdalstreamsaren’tdirectlycorrelatedtotheLMC
andSMC
TheKdalstreamsappearingtocomeoffoftheLargeandSmallMagellenicCloudsshowthat
A. TheLMCandSMCusedtobepartoftheMilkyWayB. ThegravityfromtheMilkyWayisdisrupKngtheLMC
andSMCastheyorbitthegalaxyC. TheLMCandSMCaresKllformingfrommaterial
surroundingtheMilkyWayD. TheKdalstreamsaren’tdirectlycorrelatedtotheLMC
andSMC
Radiogalaxiesareprobablyquasars
A.seenface‐ontotheaccreKondisk.
B. seenatananglearound45°totheaccreKondisk.
C. thathaverunoutoffuelintheiraccreKondisk
D.thatarejuststarKngup.
Radiogalaxiesareprobablyquasars
A.seenface‐ontotheaccreKondisk.
B. seenatananglearound45°totheaccreKondisk.
C. thathaverunoutoffuelintheiraccreKondisk
D.thatarejuststarKngup.
ThelightfrommoredistantgalaxiesismoreredshiVedbecause
A. thephotonsslowdownduetotravelingthroughanexpandinguniverse.
B. moredistantgalaxiesaretravelingawayfasterthroughspace.
C. thereismoreabsorbingma>erbetweenusandmoredistantgalaxies.
D. therewasastrongergravitaKonalredshiVwhentheuniversewasyoungeranddenser.
ThelightfrommoredistantgalaxiesismoreredshiVedbecause
A. thephotonsslowdownduetotravelingthroughanexpandinguniverse.
B. moredistantgalaxiesaretravelingawayfasterthroughspace.
C. thereismoreabsorbingma>erbetweenusandmoredistantgalaxies.
D. therewasastrongergravitaKonalredshiVwhentheuniversewasyoungeranddenser.
WhatisthesignificanceofthecosmicmicrowavebackgroundradiaKondiscoveredbyPenziasandWilsonin1964?
A. Itwasthefirstradiotransmissionbelievedtoindicatethepresenceofextraterrestriallifeintheuniverse.
B. ItindicatedthedifferencebetweenTypeIandTypeIICepheidvariablestars.
C. ItshowedaconnecKonbetweenmillisecondpulsarsandX‐raybursters.
D. ItistheremnantofaburstofradiaKonreleasedduringtheveryearlyhistoryoftheuniverse.
WhatisthesignificanceofthecosmicmicrowavebackgroundradiaKondiscoveredbyPenziasandWilsonin1964?
A. Itwasthefirstradiotransmissionbelievedtoindicatethepresenceofextraterrestriallifeintheuniverse.
B. ItindicatedthedifferencebetweenTypeIandTypeIICepheidvariablestars.
C. ItshowedaconnecKonbetweenmillisecondpulsarsandX‐raybursters.
D. ItistheremnantofaburstofradiaKonreleasedduringtheveryearlyhistoryoftheuniverse.
Iftheuniverseisclosed,thenparallellines
A. willremainparallelnoma>erhowfartheyextend.
B. willdivergeawayfromeachotherastheyextendintospace.
C. willeventuallycometogetherandintersectastheyextendintospace.
D. areundefined.
Iftheuniverseisclosed,thenparallellines
A. willremainparallelnoma>erhowfartheyextend.
B. willdivergeawayfromeachotherastheyextendintospace.
C. willeventuallycometogetherandintersectastheyextendintospace.
D. areundefined.
Mostofthelightfromaspiralgalaxycomesfromthecentralbulge,somostofthemassofthegalaxyresidesinthecentralbulge.HowthenwouldweexpecttherotaKonspeedtobehaveinthegalaxy'sdisk?
A.TherotaKonspeedshoulddecreasesmoothlywithincreasingdistancefromthecenterbecauseofKepler'slaw.
B. TherotaKonspeedshouldincreasesmoothlywithincreasingdistancefromthecenter.
C. TherotaKonspeedshoulddecreaserapidlytozerojustoutsidethecentralbulgebecausethediskhassuchalowmasscomparedtothebulge.
D. TherotaKonspeedshouldremainessenKallyconstantwithincreasingdistancefromthecenterbecausethebulgeisanextendedmass,notapointmass.
Mostofthelightfromaspiralgalaxycomesfromthecentralbulge,somostofthemassofthegalaxyresidesinthecentralbulge.HowthenwouldweexpecttherotaKonspeedtobehaveinthegalaxy'sdisk?
A.TherotaKonspeedshoulddecreasesmoothlywithincreasingdistancefromthecenterbecauseofKepler'slaw.
B. TherotaKonspeedshouldincreasesmoothlywithincreasingdistancefromthecenter.
C. TherotaKonspeedshoulddecreaserapidlytozerojustoutsidethecentralbulgebecausethediskhassuchalowmasscomparedtothebulge.
D. TherotaKonspeedshouldremainessenKallyconstantwithincreasingdistancefromthecenterbecausethebulgeisanextendedmass,notapointmass.
Themostimportantparameterthatdeterminesthegeometryoftheuniverseis
A. AgeB. DensityC. ComposiKon
D. Temperature
Themostimportantparameterthatdeterminesthegeometryoftheuniverseis
A. AgeB. DensityC. ComposiKon
D. Temperature
ThekeypieceofevidenceshowingthattheexpansionoftheuniverseisacceleraKngisthatthe
A. mostdistantTypeIasupernovaearefainterthantheywouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
B. mostdistantquasarsarefainterthantheywouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
C. cosmologicalredshiVoflightfromthemostdistantquasarsisgreaterthanitwouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
D. mostdistantgravitaKonallensesareweakerthantheywouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
ThekeypieceofevidenceshowingthattheexpansionoftheuniverseisacceleraKngisthatthe
A. mostdistantTypeIasupernovaearefainterthantheywouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
B. mostdistantquasarsarefainterthantheywouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
C. cosmologicalredshiVoflightfromthemostdistantquasarsisgreaterthanitwouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
D. mostdistantgravitaKonallensesareweakerthantheywouldbeiftheexpansionwerenotacceleraKng.
TheinflaKonperiodoftheuniversethatoccurred10‐35saVertheBigBangcanexplainwhatphenomena?
A. ThehomogeneityoftheCosmicMicrowaveBackground
B. Theexistenceofdarkma>eringalaxyclustersC. TheflatgeometryoftheuniverseD. BothAandC
TheinflaKonperiodoftheuniversethatoccurred10‐35saVertheBigBangcanexplainwhatphenomena?
A. ThehomogeneityoftheCosmicMicrowaveBackground
B. Theexistenceofdarkma>eringalaxyclustersC. TheflatgeometryoftheuniverseD. BothAandC
Cosmologyisthestudyof
A. distantquasarsB. galaxyclustersC. thenatureoftheuniverseD. darkma>er
Cosmologyisthestudyof
A. distantquasarsB. galaxyclustersC. thenatureoftheuniverseD. darkma>er
EdwinHubbledeterminedthattheAndromedaGalaxywasastarsysteminitsownrightoutsidetheMilkyWaybystudying
A.X‐rayemission.
B. globularclusters.
C. molecularclouds.
D.Cepheidvariables.
EdwinHubbledeterminedthattheAndromedaGalaxywasastarsysteminitsownrightoutsidetheMilkyWaybystudying
A.X‐rayemission.
B. globularclusters.
C. molecularclouds.
D.Cepheidvariables.
Theexistenceofhot,intraclustergasingalaxyclustersthatemitsx‐raysisdueto
A. Thelargeamountofdarkma>erinthecluster
B. ViolentinteracKonsbetweengalaxiesthatstripoutgasanddust
C. ResidualheatfromtheBigBang
D. LargeellipKcalsthatdominatetheclustercenter
Theexistenceofhot,intraclustergasingalaxyclustersthatemitsx‐raysisdueto
A. Thelargeamountofdarkma>erinthecluster
B. ViolentinteracKonsbetweengalaxiesthatstripoutgasanddust
C. ResidualheatfromtheBigBang
D. LargeellipKcalsthatdominatetheclustercenter
Whichofthefollowinglist(inorder)themethodsofmeasuringdistancestogalaxiesfromtheclosesttothefarthest?
A. RedshiV,Cepheidvariables,TypeIasupernovaeB. Cepheidvariables,TypeIasupernovae,redshiVC. TypeIasupernovae,redshiV,CepheidvariablesD. Allmethodsworkatalldistances
Whichofthefollowinglist(inorder)themethodsofmeasuringdistancestogalaxiesfromtheclosesttothefarthest?
A. RedshiV,Cepheidvariables,TypeIasupernovaeB. Cepheidvariables,TypeIasupernovae,redshiVC. TypeIasupernovae,redshiV,CepheidvariablesD. Allmethodsworkatalldistances
CompletelymappingtheMilkyWayisdifficultbecause
A. Neutralhydrogendoesn’tcorrelatewiththestructureoftheMilkyWay
B. DustandgasblockourviewthroughthegalaxyC. Wedon’thaveradiotelescopesstrongenough
toobservestructureontheoppositesideofthedisk
D. Alloftheabove
CompletelymappingtheMilkyWayisdifficultbecause
A. Neutralhydrogendoesn’tcorrelatewiththestructureoftheMilkyWay
B. DustandgasblockourviewthroughthegalaxyC. Wedon’thaveradiotelescopesstrongenough
toobservestructureontheoppositesideofthedisk
D. Alloftheabove
TheHubbleSequenceorganizesgalaxiesaccordingto:
A. TheirevoluKonarystage,withgalaxiesmovingthroughtheHubbleSequenceastheyage
B. TheirmassC. Theapparentshapeofthegalaxyasviewed
fromEarthD. Theiroverallluminosity
TheHubbleSequenceorganizesgalaxiesaccordingto:
A. TheirevoluKonarystage,withgalaxiesmovingthroughtheHubbleSequenceastheyage
B. TheirmassC. Theapparentshapeofthegalaxyasviewed
fromEarthD. Theiroverallluminosity
StudyingtheposiKonsofsuperclustersthroughouttheuniverseshowsthat
A. TheuniverseishomogenousB. GroupsofclustersaregravitaKonallyboundtoone
anothertocreatestructuresliketheGreatA>ractorC. Clustersformalongfilamentarystructuresofdark
ma>erD. Theuniversebecomesmoredenselypackedwith
galaxiesasyoulookbackinKme
StudyingtheposiKonsofsuperclustersthroughouttheuniverseshowsthat
A. TheuniverseishomogenousB. GroupsofclustersaregravitaKonallyboundtoone
anothertocreatestructuresliketheGreatA>ractorC. Clustersformalongfilamentarystructuresofdark
ma>erD. Theuniversebecomesmoredenselypackedwith
galaxiesasyoulookbackinKme
HighredshiVgalaxysurveysshowthat:
A. Galaxystructurehasremainedthesamethroughthehistoryoftheuniverse
B. GalaxiesatlargeredshiVaresimilarinshapebutmuchmoremassive
C. MostgalaxiesatlargeredshiVareirregular
D. MostgalaxiesatlargeredshiVarespiralgalaxies
HighredshiVgalaxysurveysshowthat:
A. Galaxystructurehasremainedthesamethroughthehistoryoftheuniverse
B. GalaxiesatlargeredshiVaresimilarinshapebutmuchmoremassive
C. MostgalaxiesatlargeredshiVareirregular
D. MostgalaxiesatlargeredshiVarespiralgalaxies