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RESEARCH Open Access

Astonishing diversity—the medicinal plantmarkets of Bogotá, ColombiaRainer W. Bussmann1* , Narel Y. Paniagua Zambrana2, Carolina Romero3 and Robbie E. Hart3

Abstract

Background: Despite the importance of local markets as a source of medicinal plants in Colombia, comparativelylittle comparative research reports on the pharmacopoeiae sold. This stands in contrast to wealth of availableinformation for other components of plant use in Colombia and other countries. The present provides a detailedinventory of the medicinal plant markets in the Bogotá metropolitan area, hypothesizing that the speciescomposition, and medicinal applications, would differ across markets of the city.

Methods: From December 2014 to February 2016, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 38 plantvendors in 24 markets in Bogotá in order to elucidate more details on plant usage and provenance.

Results: In this study, we encountered 409 plant species belonging to 319 genera and 122 families. These wereused for a total of 19 disease categories with 318 different applications. Both species composition and uses ofspecies did show considerable differences across the metropolitan area—much higher in fact than we expected.

Conclusions: The present study indicated a very large species and use diversity of medicinal plants in the marketsof Bogotá, with profound differences even between markets in close proximity. This might be explained by thegreat differences in the origin of populations in Bogotá, the floristic diversity in their regions of origin, and theirvery distinct plant use knowledge and preferences that are transferred to the markets through customer demand.Our study clearly indicated that studies in single markets cannot give an in-depth overview on the plant supply anduse in large metropolitan areas.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Markets, Colombia, Globalization

BackgroundLike in many tropical countries, traditional knowledge inColombia is still under-documented [1–3], despite the factthat the country could be called the “cradle of modernethnobotany”, due to the decade long research of RichardEvans Schultes [4]. General ethnobotanical studies inColombia have frequently focused on individual interestingspecies [5–13], specific medicinal applications (e.g., antiviraland antitumor activity) [14, 15], leishmaniasis [16], snakebites [17–21], crops and economically important plants [10,22–25], or specific plant families [26–33]. Individual ethnicgroups were recently treated by a variety of authors [34–38]. Columbian medicinal plant use has even been studiedoverseas [39].

However, in contrast to neighboring countries likePeru and Bolivia [31, 40–50], although Lima et al. [51]provided a comparison of markets in the wider Amazon.Thus, for Colombia there is very little comparative in-

formation available about which plants are sold inColombian markets, under which vernacular name atany given time, for which indication, which dosage infor-mation, and what kind of information about side effectsvendors provide to their clients. The present study at-tempts to remedy this situation by providing a detailedinventory of medicinal plant markets in the Bogotámetropolitan area. We hypothesized that, on the onehand, like in Peru and Bolivia [31, 40–50] the plant anduse composition of different markets would vary de-pending on their location and customer population, butthat, on the other hand, there would overall be a largeoverlap in plants between markets, and larger markets

* Correspondence: [email protected];[email protected] Nacional de Historia Natural, Calle Ovidio Suarez (26), Cota Cota, LaPaz, BoliviaFull list of author information is available at the end of the article

© The Author(s). 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, andreproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link tothe Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

Bussmann et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2018) 14:43 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-018-0241-8

http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1186/s13002-018-0241-8&domain=pdfhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3524-5273mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

would comprise an almost complete inventory of all spe-cies available.

MethodsEthnobotanical inventoryFrom December 2014 to February 2016, semi-structuredinterviews were conducted with 38 plant vendors in 24markets in Bogotá in order to elucidate more details onplant usage and provenance. The markets were chosento cover as many neighborhoods of Bogotá as possible,thus trying to represent the complete geography of thecity and its ethnically diverse population. Plants were al-ways sold in the regular mercados de abasto—the regularfood supply markets. Within a neighborhood, we alwayschose the main market, in order to make data compar-able. Semi-structured interviews following [49] are underconsideration of the collection standards established by[52]. During the interviews, a complete sample of allplants sold in a respective market stall was bought andall available information for each species elucidated fromthe vendor. Vendor participants were self-selected: everyvendor in the studied markets was asked if they wantedto participate in the study, and the vendors who agreedwere then interviewed. Overall about one third of thevendors in the markets participated in the interviews. In-terviews were conducted only after explaining the studyto all participants and obtaining their oral priorinformed consent. No further ethics approval was required.All work was carried out following the International Societyfor Ethnobiology Code of Ethics [53] and under the frame-work provided by the Nagoya Protocol on Access toGenetic Resources and Fair and equitable sharing of bene-fits arising from their use of the Convention on BiologicalDiversity; the interviewed vendors retain the copyright oftheir traditional knowledge. Any commercial use of any ofthe information requires prior consensus with the infor-mants involved, and an agreement on the distribution ofbenefits.Twenty-six of the participants were women, and 12

men, with ages ranging from 25 to 70 years. The ethni-city of the vendors was not disclosed. All interviewswere conducted in Spanish.Vouchers of all species were collected, and all plant

material was identified at the National Herbarium ofColombia. No material whatsoever was exported fromColombia. The nomenclature of all species followswww.tropicos.org, under APG III [54].

Statistical analysisAmong markets we compared plant species reported asbeing used (unique Latin binomials, e.g., Aloe vera),plant uses (unique combinations of a species used foran ailment or illness, e.g., Aloe vera for eye irritation),and plant categories (unique combinations of a species

used for a category of ailments, e.g., Aloe vera sensorysystem).To compare the geographic/market structure of plants

and plant uses, we extracted lists of unique and sharedplants, plant uses, and plant categories in each market[55]. In addition to these raw counts, we also used Eu-clidian distance as a metric of the difference amongmarkets.To evaluate plant importance, we used the logarithmic

informant consensus (LIC) index of [56]. Here, we con-sidered markets as “occurrences,” so for a species:

LICs ¼ sum ðICu� ln FCusð Þ

where for each use of a species ICu= (FCu−NSu)/(FCu− 1),FCu is the total reports of that use and NSu is thenumber of species reported for the use.To evaluate the diversity of uses across markets, we

calculated, for each plant that occurs in at least two mar-kets, the percent of its uses that are unique to eachmarket.All analyses were performed using the R program

package [57].

ResultsIn this study, we encountered 409 plant species belongingto 319 genera and 122 families in all markets studied(Table 1). In all markets, the most common plant familiesused were Fabaceae (43 species, 10.5%), Asteraceae (34species, 8.3%), Lamiaceae (24 species, 5.8%), Malvaceae(16 species, 3.9%), Solanaceae (15 species, 3.7%), andEuphorbiaceae (13 species, 3.1%). Almost all of all specieswere known only by their Spanish names.Most remedies were taken orally as decoctions/infu-

sions, and a much smaller number was applied as cata-plasm. Applications involved preferentially leaves andaerial parts of the plant.Four hundred two species were used for medicinal

purposes. The most treated illness categories wereNon-specific symptoms and general illnesses (223 spe-cies, 55.4%), Digestive system (208, 52%), Skin and sub-cutaneous tissue (142, 35.3%), Respiratory system (131,32.6%), Urinary system (119, 29.6%), Blood and circula-tory system (107, 26.6%), and Infections and infestations(100, 24.8%). Among the individual illnesses, indigestion(167 species, 41.5%) stood out as the most common ill-ness, followed by diuretic uses (155, 38.5%), emmena-gogues (125, 32%), and flatulence (123, 30.5%) andrheumatism, diarrhea, and use as laxative (120, 119, and166 species, 30, 29.5, and 29%, respectively).In the present study, almost without exception, the

small markets contained much less species than themain markets. Markets in Bogotá had very large num-bers of unique plants, and the difference between the

Bussmann et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2018) 14:43 Page 2 of 47

http://www.tropicos.org/

Table

1

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Acanthaceae

Apheland

rapilosa

Leon

ard

Cajeto

Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Highcholesterol,Obe

sity);Urin

ary

system

(Diuretic)

PlazaSantande

r

Hygroph

ilatyttha

Leon

ard

Amansagu

apos

/Dom

inio

Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Anxiety,Tranq

uilizer);

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Seizures)

Plazade

LasFerias;Plazade

Mercado

Trinidad-Galán;Plaza

deSanBenito

JusticiapectoralisJacq.

Amansatoros

Bloo

dandcirculatorysystem

(Cardiac

stim

ulant);N

ervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Anxiety)

Plazade

l20de

Julio

Justiciaxantho

stachyaLeon

ard

Pulm

onaria

Den

talh

ealth

(Mou

thinfections);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Musclerelaxant);Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Sed

ative);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Analgesic,Fever,Inflammation);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Sexualp

oten

cy);Respitarory

system

(Expectorant,Flu,H

elpbreathing);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(Astrin

gent,H

ealing)

Plazade

LasFerias

Tricha

nthera

gigantea

(Bon

pl.)

Nees

Cajeto/Naced

ero/

Quieb

rabarrigo/Quieb

rabarriga/

Cafeto

Bloo


(Highbloo

dpressure);Digestive

system

(Hernia,Liverprob

lems);Infectio

nsandinfestations

(Syphilis,Vermifuge

);Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Obe

sity);

Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Rhe

umatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Dysmen

orrhea,Emen

agog

ue);Skin

and

subcutaneo

ustissue(Sores);Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic,U

rinary

infection);Veterinary(Herniain

cows)

Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade

LasCruces;Plazade

LasFerias;

Plazade

Mercado


del20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lRestrep

o;PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Ado

xaceae

Sambucusperuvian

aKu

nth

Sauco

Bloo


(Arteriosclerosis,Bloo

dcleansing);C

ulturalillnesses(Purifies

thebo

dy);Den

talh

ealth

(Mou

thdiseases);Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation,Diarrhe

a);

Infections

andinfestations

(Measles);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis,Neuralgia,Rhe

umatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Ape

na,Fever,H

eadache,Prom

otes

sweatin

g);O

thers(Sun

stroke,Ton

ic);Respitarory

system

(Bronchialdiseases,Bronchitis,C

ough

,Expectorant,Flu,

Respiratory

tract,Sinu

sitis,Throatinflamation);Sen

sory

system

(Con

junctivitis);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(Burns,Skin

diseases);Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic,U

rinaryinfection)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

ElCarmen

;Plaza

deLa

Perseverancia;Plazade

LasFerias;Plazade

Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío);Plazade

Mercado


dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

del12de

Octub

re;Plaza

del20de

Julio;

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto;Plazade

lQuirig

ua;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Algae Caulerpa

sp.

Caulerpa

Animalfood

(Animalfood

)*;H

uman

food

(Water

purifier)*

Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca)

Gracilaria

sp.

Gelosa

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);H

uman

food

(Foo

d)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Amaranthaceae

Amaran

thus

spinosus

L.Bled

oNon

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Stomachache

);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Men

strualcolic);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Healingwou

nds,Sores)

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Beta

vulgarisL.

Acelga

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation,Liverprob

lems);M

uscular-

skelettalsystem

(Arthritis);U

rinarysystem

(Urin

aryinfection)

Plazade

Fontibón

Chenopodium

quinoa

Willd.

Quinu

a/Quinu

aroja

Infections

andinfestations

(Tub

erculosis);M

uscular-skelettal

system

(Fractures,Luxation,Sprain);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever,Stomachache

)Rep

rodu

ctive

system

andsexualhe

alth

(Dysmen

orrhea)Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

LaCon

cordia

Dysph

aniaam

brosioides

(L.)

Mosyakin&Clemants

Flor

delP

aico

/Paico/Payco

Bloo


(Tachycardia);Digestivesystem

(Cho

lera,C

olic,D

iarrhe

a,Digestiveprob

lems,Flatulen

ce,

Indige

stion,Stom

achprob

lems);Infectio

nsandinfestations

(Malaria,Vermifuge

);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis);N

on-

specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Inflammation,

Spasms);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Cou

gh,Flu)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

Cen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Kenn

edy;

Plazade

LasFerias;Plazade

Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío);

Plazade

Mercado


delQ

uirig

ua;Plaza

del

Restrepo

;Plaza

Sampe

rMen

doza

Gom

phrena

globosaL.

Siem

previva

Digestivesystem

(Dysen

tery);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Spasm

s);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexual

health

(Dysmen

orrhea)Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(Burns,

Calluses,Skin

diseases,Skinspots,Warts)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao

Gom

phrena

serra

taL.

Abrojo

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever);

Respitarory

system

(Bronchitis,C

ough

,Lun

gdiseases,

Pneumon

ia)

Plazade

Fontibón

Iresin

ediffusa

Hum

b.&Bo

npl.

exWilld.

Penicilina

Bloo


(Ane

mia)

Plazade

l20de

Julio

Amaryllidaceae

Allium

sativum

L.Ajo

/Ajo

macho

/Flor

deajo

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing,

Circulatory

stim

ulant,Highbloo

dpressure);Culturalillnesses(Goo

dluck,

Witchcraft);Digestivesystem

(Gastritis,Intestinalinfections,

Liverprob

lems);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);Infectio

nsand

infestations

(Infections,Vermifuge

);Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Highcholesterol);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis,

Rheumatism)Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Analgesic,C

ancer,Hem

orrhage)Others(Ton

ic);Respitarory

system

(Bronchitis,C

ough

)

Plazade

ElCarmen

;Plaza

dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

deSan

Carlos;Plazade

l12de

Octub

re;Plaza

del20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lLucero;Plazade

lRestrep

o;Plaza

Sampe

rMen

doza

Hippeastrum

puniceum

(Lam

.)Ku

ntze

Duend

eCulturalillnesses(W

itchcraft)

Plazade

LasCruces;Plazade

Mercado

Trinidad-Galán

Anacardiaceae

Anacardium

occidentaleL.

Cajú/Marañón

Bloo


(Ane

mia);Culturalillnesses

(Stren

gthe

n);D

entalh

ealth

(Mou

thinfections);Digestive

system

(Con

stipation);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);

Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Scurvy)Nervous

system

andmen

tal

health

(Stim

ulant)Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Gen

eralmalaise);Others(M

emory,Tonic);

Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Infertility,Sexual

potency);Respitarory

system

(Expectorant,Flu);Skin

and

Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade

LaCon

cordia;Plaza

deMercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

del20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;

Plazade

lRestrep

o


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

subcutaneo

ustissue(Acne,Calluses,Healing,

Skin

diseases,

Warts);Urin

arysystem

(Prostate);H

uman

food

(Foo

d)*

Man

gifera

indica

L.Mango

Den

talh

ealth

(Afts,Mou

thinfections,Stren

gthe

nthegu

ms,

Toothache);Infectio

nsandinfestations

(Malaria);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever,Inflammation)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

del20de

Julio

Schinu

smolleL.

Pimiento

Digestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a);M

uscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis,Rh

eumatism);Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Stim

ulant);Sen

sory

system

(Con

junctivitis);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic);Hum

anfood

(Foo

d)*

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca)

Spon

dias

purpurea

L.Ciru

elade

lPaís

Digestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue

(Astrin

gent)

Plazade

lRestrep

o

Ann

onaceae

Anno

nacherimolaMill.

Chirim

oyo

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Cancer)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao

Anno

namuricataL.

Guanábana

/Guanábano

Culturalillnesses("F

ríosen

cajado

s");Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation,Diarrhe

a,Dysen

tery,Flatulence,Indige

stion,

Stom

achprob

lems,Vo

mitive);Infections

andinfestations

(Bot

fly);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Spasm

s,Stom

achache

);Respitarory

system

(Flu);Skin

and

subcutaneo

ustissue(Bruises);Urin

arysystem

(Urin

ary

infection);H

uman

food

(Beb

erage,Food

)*

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

deLa


Mercado


del20de

Julio

Anno

nasquamosaL.

Anó

nSkin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Bruises);Toxic(Insecticide)*

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto

Xylopiaarom

atica(Lam

.)Mart.

Malagusta

Digestivesystem

(Stren

gthe

nsdige

stivesystem

);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Lackof

appe

tite,Stom

ach

ache

);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Astrin

gent)

Plazade

LasCruces

Apiaceae

Anethu

mgraveolens

L.Eneldo

Digestivesystem

(Flatulence,Indige

stion);N

ervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Stim

ulant);Hum

anfood

(Con

dimen

t)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Angelicaarchan

gelicaL.

Ang

élica

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);M

uscular-

skelettalsystem

(Rhe

umatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Cancer,Spasms)

Plazade

l20de

Julio

Apium

graveolens

L.Apio

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);D

igestive

system

(Colic,D

iarrhe

a,Flatulen

ce,G

allbladd

er,Ind

igestio

n,Liverprob

lems);M


(Rhe

umatism);

Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Nerves,Stim

ulant);N

on-

specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever,Inflammation,

Stom

achache

);Others(Sun

stroke);Reprod

uctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Men

strualcolic);Respitarory

system

(Aph

onia);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Healing);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lLucero


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Arracaciaxantho

rrhiza

Bancr.

Arracacha

Sensorysystem

(Con

junctivitis)

Plazade

LaPerseverancia

Eryngium

foetidum

L.Cilantrón/Cilantrón/Piuren

áDigestivesystem

(Flatulence,Indige

stion,Stom

achprob

lems);

Infections

andinfestations

(Smallpox,Vermifuge

);Respitarory

system

(Flu);H

uman

food

(Con

dimen

t)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade

LaPerseverancia;Plazade

Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío);Plaza

deMercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Mercado


del20de

Julio;Plaza

delR

estrep

o;Plaza

Sampe

rMen

doza

Foeniculum

vulgareMill.

Hinojo

Digestivesystem

(Colic,Flatulence,Indige

stion,Stom

ach

prob

lems,Vo

mitive);Infections

andinfestations

(Vermifuge

);Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Restorative);N

ervous

system

and

men

talh

ealth

(Tranq

uilizer);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Dizzine

ss,H

eadache,Hem

orrhage,Lack

ofappe

tite,Spasms);Pregn

ancy,childbirthandchild-bed

(Galactogo

gue,Infected

breasts);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Respitarory

system

(Cou

gh,

Expe

ctorant,Flu);Sen

sory

system

(Con

junctivitis);U

rinary

system

(Diuretic,Kidne

yston

es);Hum

anfood

(Con

dimen

t,Food

)*

Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Mercado


dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

deSan

Carlos;Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

delQ

uirig

ua;Plaza

del

Restrepo

Nipho

getonternata(W

illd.

exSchltr.)Mathias

&Con

stance

Apiode

mon

teDigestivesystem

(Colitis,Diarrhe

a,Dysen

tery)M

uscular-

skelettalsystem

(Rhe

umatism)

Plazade

LasCruces

Petroselinum

crisp

um(M

ill.)

Nym

anex

A.W.H

illPerejil

Bloo


(Heartdiseases);Digestive

system

(Flatulence);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Dysmen

orrhea,Emen

agog

ue);H

uman

food

(Con

dimen

t)*

Plazade

Mercado

Trinidad-Galán

Pimpine

llaanisum

L.Anís

Bloo


(Cardiac

stim

ulant,Circulatory

stim

ulant);D

igestivesystem

(Flatulence,Indige

stion);N

ervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Stim

ulant);O

thers(Sun

stroke);

Preg

nancy,childbirthandchild-bed

(Galactogo

gue);

Respitarory

system

(Helpbreathing);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

l12de

Octub

re;Plaza

del20de

Julio

Apo

cynaceae

Allaman

dacatharticaL.

Capitana

/Cop

ade

Oro

/Capitana

/Cop

ade

Oro

/Jazm

ínAnti-ven

om(Antidote);D

igestivesystem

(Con

stipation);


(Arthritis,Rh

eumatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Headache);Respitarory

system

(Flu)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

l20de

Julio

Aspidospermapolyneuron

Müll.

Arg.

Quimulá/Cum

ulá

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Ape

na);

Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Expe

ctorant)

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca)

Aspidospermaquebracho-blan

coSchltdl.

Quebracho

Blanco

Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Expe

ctorant)

Plazade

SanCarlos

Coum

amacrocarpaBarb.Rod

r.Jansoco

Preg


(Careum

bilicalcord)

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca)

Rauvolfia

tetraphylla

L.Mirto

Anti-ven

om(Antidote);Blood

andcirculatorysystem

(High

bloo

dpressure)

Plazade

LasCruces;Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

deKenn

edy;Plazade

SanBenito

Thevetiaperuvian

a(Pers.)

K.Schu

m.

Pepa

decabrito

/Caucho

Bloo



system

(Con

stipation);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Fever)

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Vincamajor

L.Amor

antio

queñ

oBloo



system

(Con

stipation)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

lRestrep

o

Araceae

Colocasia

esculenta(L.)Scho

ttPapachina/Pipachin

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(W

eaknessin

children);H

uman

food

(Foo

d)*

Plazade

l20de

Julio

Mon

steradeliciosa

Lieb

m.

Balazo

Hum

anfood

(Foo

d)*;Cultural(Antithe

ft)*

Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto

Philodend

rondyscarpium

R.E.

Schu

lt.Odo

káHum

anfood

(Foo

d)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Xantho

somasagittifolium

(L.)

Scho

ttMafafa

Hum

anfood

(Foo

d)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Arecaceae

Phoenixdactylifera

L.Datilera

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Sexualp

oten

cy);Respitarory

system

(Expectorant);H

uman

food

(Foo

d)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Aristolochiaceae

Aristolochiagran

diflora

Sw.

Bejuco

deCarare

Anti-ven

om(Antidote);Blood


(Circulatorystim

ulant);M


(Muscular

paralysis);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Analgesic);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue,Infertility);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue

(Stin

ging

)

Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca)

AristolochiamaximaJacq.

Bejuco

deCarare/Carare/Guaco

Anti-ven

om(Antidote);Blood


(Circulatorystim

ulant);N

ervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Tranq

uilizer);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Analgesic);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Stin

ging

)

Plazade

ElCarmen

;Plaza

deKenn

edy;Plazade

Mercado


del12de

Octub

re;Plaza

delLucero;

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Aristolochiaringens

Vahl

Guaco

Anti-ven

om(Antidote);N

ervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Sed

ative);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Analgesic);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Stin

ging

)

Plazade

Kenn

edy

Aristolochiatriang

ularisCham.

Bejuco

Carare

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Fever);Preg


(Abo

rtive);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue)

Plazade

LaPerseverancia

Asclepiadaceae

AsclepiascurassavicaL.

Jalapa

Den

talh

ealth

(Too

thache

);Digestivesystem

(Vom

itive);

Infections

andinfestations

(Gon

orrhea,Vermifuge

);Non

-specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Hem

orrhage);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Skindiseases)

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca)


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Funa

strum

clausum

(Jacq.)

Schltr.

Bejuco

sapo

Digestivesystem

(Vom

itive);Sensorysystem

(Con

junctivitis)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Asparagaceae

Cordylinefru

ticosa(L.)A.C

hev.

Palm

amorada/Palm

areal

Urin

arysystem

(DiureticUrin

aryinfection)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

LasCruces;Plazade

Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío);Plazade

lLucero;Plazade

lRestrepo

Furcraea

cabuya

Trel.

Fiqu

e/Pencade

Fiqu

e/Pu

lque

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);D

igestive

system

(Hep

aticstim

ulant,Indige

stion,Liverprob

lems,

Stom

achprob

lems);Respitarory

system

(Flu);Sensorysystem

(Con


ustissue(Skinspots);

Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

del

Restrepo

Furcraea

macroph

yllaBaker

Fiqu

eDigestivesystem

(Liver

prob

lems);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Dropsy);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic)

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto

Sansevieria

trifasciata

Prain

Culeb

rilla

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(M

enop

ause);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Herpe

s)Plazade

Fontibón

;Plaza

deMercado

Trinidad-Galán

Asteraceae

Achilleamillefolium

L.Altamisa/Milenram

aBloo


(Blood

cleansing);D

igestive

system

(Gallbladd

er,G

astritis,Indige

stion,Streng

then

sdige

stivesystem

);Infections

andinfestations

(Bot

fly);Non

-specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic,

Hem

orrhage,Inflammation,Lack

ofappe

tite,Noseb

leed

,Spasms);O

thers(Ton

ic);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexual

health

(Emen

agog

ue,M

enstrualcolic);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Acne,Bo

ils,Bruises,H

ealing,

Healingwou

nds,Skin

ulcers,Sores);Urin

arysystem

(Hem

orrhoids)

Plazade


LasFerias

Achyroclinebogotensis(Kun

th)

DC.

Vira

Vira

Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Ovariandiseases);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Rashe

s,Skin

diseases);Urin

ary

system

(Prostate,Urethralinfectio

ns)

Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Achyroclinesatureioides

(Lam

.)DC.

Vira

Vira

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Cancer);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Rashe

s,Skin

diseases)

Plazade

SanBenito

Ambrosiaperuvian

aWilld.

Altamisa/Artem

isa

Culturalillnesses(W

itchcraft);Digestivesystem

(Gallbladd

er,

Liverprob

lems);Infectio

nsandinfestations

(Vermifuge


(Rhe

umatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic,H

emorrhage,

Spasms,Tumors);O

thers(Ton

ic);Reprod

uctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue,M

enstrualcolic);Veterin

ary

(Udd

erinflammation)

Plazade

Fontibón

;Plaza

deLasFerias;Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Mercado

Trinidad-Galán;

Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

deSanBenito;Plaza

del12de

Octub

re;Plaza

del20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plaza

delR

estrep

o;PlazaSampe

rMen

doza;Plaza

Santande

r

Arnica

mon

tana

L.Arnica

Bloo


(Circulatorystim

ulant);D

ental

health

(Stren

gthe

nthegu

ms);D

igestivesystem

(Gallbladd

er);


(Arthritis,Cramps,Fractures,

Luxatio

n,Sprain);Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Stim

ulant);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Analgesic,D

izzine

ss,Inflammation,Prom

otes

sweatin

g,

Plazade

SanBenito;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Tumors);Respitarory

system

(Pharyng

itis,Respiratory

tract);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Acne,Astrin

gent,Bruises,

Fung

icide,Healing,

Healingwou

nds,Skin

diseases,Stretch

marks)

Artemisiaabsin

thium

L.Ajenjo

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);C

ultural

illne

sses

(Affright);Den

talh

ealth

(Halito

sis,Toothache);

Digestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a,Flatulen

ce,G

allbladd

er,G

allstone

s,Indige

stion,Liverprob

lems,Stom

achprob

lems,Vo

mitive);

Infections

andinfestations

(Vermifuge

);Nervous

system

and

men

talh

ealth

(Tranq

uilizer);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Analgesic,H

eadache,Lack

ofappe

tite,

Stom

achache

);Others(Sun

stroke,Ton

ic);Preg

nancy,

childbirthandchild-bed

(Breastcare);Respitarory

system

(Cou

gh,Lun

gdiseases,Throatinflamation);Sen

sory

system

(Deafness,Otitis);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Stin

ging

);Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

del12de

Octub

re;Plaza

del20de

Julio;

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto;Plazade

lQuirig

ua;Plaza

delR

estrep

o;PlazaSantande

r

ArtemisiavulgarisL.

Artem

isa/Altamisa

Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Epilepsy);Pregn

ancy,


(Childbe

d);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao

Austroeupatorium

inulifolium

(Kun

th)R

.M.King&H.Rob

.SalviaAmarga

Bloo


(Highbloo


system

(Liver

prob

lems);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Cancer);

Respitarory

system

(Pharyng

itis)

Plazade

SanBenito;Plaza

delLucero;Plazade

lRestrep

o

Baccha

ristricun

eata

(L.f.)Pers.

Sanalotodo

Endo

crinesystem

(Diabe

tes);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Analgesic)

Plazade

l20de

Julio

Bidens

pilosa

L.Amor

Seco

/Chipaca

/Masiquia

Culturalillnesses(W


(Diarrhe

a,Gallbladd

er,Ind

igestio

n,Liverprob

lems);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic,U

rinaryinfection)

Plazade

LaCon

cordia;Plaza

deLa


Las

Ferias;Plazade

Mercado


del20de

Julio;

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto;Plazade

lLucero;Plazade

lQuirig

ua;

Plazade

lRestrep

o;PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Calend

ulaofficinalisL.

Calén

dula

Bloo


(Ane

mia,Blood

cleansing);

Digestivesystem

(Colon

inflammation,Con

stipation,

Duo

denu

mprob

lems,Gastritis,Gastrointestin

aldisorders,

Indige

stion);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Analgesic,D

andruff,Hem

orrhage,Inflammation,Prom

otes

sweatin

g,Stom

achcancer);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexual

health

(Men

strualcolic);Sensorysystem

(Otitis);Skin

and

subcutaneo

ustissue(Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue,Bruises,

Burns,Calluses,Healing,

Pustules,Skindiseases,Skinulcers,

Sores,Warts)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

deElCarmen

;Plaza

deFontibón

;Plaza

deKenn

edy;Plazade


Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío);Plazade

Mercado


dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

deSanCarlos;Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lLucero;Plazade

lRestrep

o;Plaza

Sampe

rMen

doza;Plaza

Santande

r

Chaptalia

nutans

(L.)Po

l.Lechug

uita

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Hem

orrhage);

Others(Sun

stroke)

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Chromolaena

odorata(L.)R.M.

King

&H.Rob

.Ro

mpe

saragü

eyNon

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever,

Inflammation,Tumors);O

thers(Ton

ic)

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Chromolaena

scabra

(L.f.)R.M.

King

&H.Rob

.SalviaAmarga

Bloo


(Highbloo

dpressure);Den

tal

health

(Mou

thdiseases);Digestivesystem

(Liver

prob

lems,

Stom

achprob

lems);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Cancer,Mosqu

itobites,Tumors);Respitarory

system

(Pharyng

itis)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Clibadium

sylvestre(Aub

l.)Baill.

Barbasco

Infections

andinfestations

(Bot

fly);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Muscularpain);Toxic(Insecticide)*

Plazade

Mercado


delR

estrep

o

Cyna

racardun

culusL.

Alcacho

faBloo


(Ane

mia,A

rteriosclerosis,Bloo

dcleansing);D

igestivesystem

(Con

stipation,Gallbladd

er,

Hep

aticstim

ulant,Indige

stion);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);

Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Goiter,Restorative);M

uscular-

skelettalsystem

(Rhe

umatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(W

eaknessin

children);Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic,Kidne

yinfection,Prostate)

Plazade


Paloqu

emao;Plaza

del20

deJulio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lLucero;Plazade

lRestrepo

Espeletia

aff.corymbosa

Bonp

l.Frailejón

Bloo


(Varicoseveins);C

ulturalillnesses

("Frío

sen

cajado

s");Preg


(Childbe

d)

Plazade

LasFerias

Espeletia

argentea

Bonp

l.Frailejón

Bloo


(Varicoseveins);Pregn

ancy,


(Postpartum

care);Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Lung

diseases);Sensorysystem

(Otitis)

Plazade

SanCarlos

Espeletiopsisgarciae(Cuatrec.)

Cuatrec.

Frailejón

Bloo


(Varicoseveins);C

ulturalillnesses

("Frío

sen

cajado

s",Incen

seforcleanising

);Muscular-skelettal

system

(Arthritis,Rh

eumatism);Preg

nancy,childbirthand

child-bed

(Childbe

d);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Dysmen

orrhea);Respitarory

system

(Lun

gdiseases);Sensory

system

(Otitis);Cultural(D

eterge

nt)*

Plazade

Mercado

Trinidad-Galán

Galinsoga

parvifloraCav.

Guasca/Guascas

Bloo


(Highbloo


system

(Gastrointestin

aldisorders,Indige

stion,Liver

prob

lems);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);M

etabolism

and

nutrition

(Hyperglycem

ia,Scurvy);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Inflammation);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue

(Bruises,H

ealing,

Sores);U

rinarysystem

(Kidne

yinfection)

Plazade


l20de

Julio;Plaza

del

Restrepo

Gam

ocha

etaam

erican

a(M

ill.)

Wed

d.Vira

Vira

Preg


(Postpartum

care);

Respitarory

system

(Bronchialdiseases,Lun

gdiseases);Urin

ary

system

(Urin

aryinfection)

Plazade

l20de

Julio

Gam

ocha

etapurpurea

(L.)

Cabrera

Vira

Vira

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever,Promotes

sweatin

g);Respitarory

system

(Bronchitis,Expectorant);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Skindiseases)

Plazade

LaCon

cordia

Gna

phalium

elegan

sKu

nth

Vira

Vira

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Cancer,

Hem

orrhage,Inflammation);Sinusitis(Prostate,Urin

ary

infection)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade

Mercado


dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

deSan

Carlos;Plazade

lRestrep

o;PlazaSantande

r


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Gom

phrena

serra

taL.

Abrojo

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);C

ultural

illne

sses

(Affright);Digestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a,Digestive

prob

lems,Dysen

tery,G

astritis,Intestinalinfections);Non

-specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever,Stomach

ache

);Others(Ton

ic);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Vaginaldischarge);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(Rashe

s);

Urin

arysystem

(Urin

aryinfection)

Plazade

SanCarlos

Koan

ophyllonsolidaginoides

(Kun

th)R

.M.King&H.Rob

.Abrecam

inos

Culturalillnesses(Goo

dluck);Digestivesystem

(Flatulence);

Respitarory

system

(Flu,Respiratory

tract);

Skin

and

subcutaneo

ustissue(Rashe

s,Skin

diseases)

Plazade


LasCruces;Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Mercado


delR

estrep

o;PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Matricariacham

omillaL.

Manzanilla

/Matricaria

Hum

anfood

(Beb

erage)*;Bloo


(Cardiac

stim

ulant);D

igestivesystem

(Colic,D

iarrhe

a,Flatulen

ce,Ind

igestio

n,Stom

achprob

lems);Infectio

nsand

infestations

(Infections);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis);

Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Nerves,Stress,

Tranqu

ilizer);

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Tranq

uilizer,N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses,

Alope

cia,Analgesic,Fever,H

eadache,Inflammation,Prom

otes

sweatin

g,Spasms,Stom

achache

);Others(Ton

ic);Preg

nancy,


(Breastcare);Reprod

uctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue,M

enstrualcolic);Sensory

system

(Con


ustissue(Healing,

Skin

allergies)

Plazade


LasCruces;Plazade

Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío);Plazade

Mercado

Trinidad-

Galán;Plaza

dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

del12de

Octub

re;Plaza

del20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lQuirig

ua;

Plazade

lRestrep

o;PlazaSampe

rMen

doza;Plaza

deKenn

edy

Mikan

iaguacoBo

npl.

Guaco

Anti-ven

om(Antidote);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Restorative)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao

Pentacaliacorymbosa

(Ben

th.)

Cuatrec.

Guasquín

Respitarory

system

(Pharyng

itis,Throat

inflamation)

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Senecioform

osus

Kunth

Arnica


(Fractures);Nervous

system

and

men

talh

ealth

(Stim

ulant);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene


ustissue

(Bruises)

Plazade

Mercado


dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

deSanCarlos

Silybum

marianu

m(L.)Gaertn.

Cardo

Mariano

Digestivesystem

(Liver

prob

lems)

Plazade

lQuirig

ua

Smallanthu

ssonchifolius

(Poe

pp.)H.Rob

.Yacón

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation,Gastrointestin

aldisorders,

Indige

stion,Intestinalinfections,Reg

enerateintestinalflora);

Endo

crinesystem

(Diabe

tes);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(High

cholesterol,Hyperglycem

ia,Low

ercholesterol,Obe

sity,

Streng

then

inum

osystem);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Osteo

porosis);N

ervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Nerves);

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Colon

cancer);

Others(Ton

ic);Hum

anfood

(Foo

d)*

Plazade

LaCon

cordia;Plaza

deMercado


del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lLucero;Plazade

lRestrep

o

Spilanthesoppositifolia

(Lam

.)D'Arcy

Botónde

oro/Bo

toncillo/Guaca

/Chisaca


dluck);Den

talh

ealth

(Mou

thdiseases,

Mou

thinfections,Too

thache

);Digestivesystem

(Gallbladd

er,

Liverprob

lems);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(Healing,

Skin

spots)

Plazade

Fontibón

;Plaza

deLa

Con

cordia;Plaza

deLa


Paloqu

emao;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Estevia


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Steviarebaudiana

(Bertoni)

Berton

iBloo


(Cardiac

stim

ulant,Circulatory

stim

ulant,Highbloo

dpressure);Den

talh

ealth

(Cavities);

Digestivesystem

(Gastritis,Indige

stion);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(App

etite

supp

ressant,

Gou

t,Highcholesterol,Hyperglycem

ia,O

besity);Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Anxiety);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic);Respitarory

system

(Flu);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Fun

gicide

,Healing,

Skin

care);

Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic)

Plazade


Paloqu

emao;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto

Taraxacum

officinaleF.H.W

igg.

Dientede

León

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);D

igestive

system

(Con

stipation,Gallbladd

er,G

astritis,Indige

stion,Liver

prob

lems,Stom

achprob

lems);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Gou

t,Highcholesterol,O

besity);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Improvehe

alth,Stomachache

);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Skinulcers);Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic,U

rinaryinfection);

Hum

anfood

(Foo

d)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

LaPerseverancia;Plaza

deMercado


dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

del

20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lRestrep

o;Plaza

Sampe

rMen

doza

Basellaceae

Anredera

cordifolia

(Ten

.)Steenis

Insulina

Endo

crinesystem

(Diabe

tes);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Hyperglycem

ia);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Fractures);

Respitarory

system

(Cou

gh);Sensorysystem

(Con

junctivitis)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao

UllucustuberosusCaldas

Chu

gua/Ulluco

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);Pregn

ancy,childbirthand

child-bed

(Childbe

d)Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto

Berberidaceae

Berberisglauca

DC.

Tachuelo

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Fever,H

emorrhage,Prom

otes

sweatin

g);

Others(Ton

ic)

Plazade

l20de

Julio

BerberisgoudotiiTriana

&Planch.exWed

d.Espino

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);Infectio

nsandinfestations

(Malaria);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge


Hem

orrhage);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(SkinTonic)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

lRestrep

o

Bign

oniaceae

Crescentiacujete

L.Totumo

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing,

Varicoseveins);

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge


Headache,Hem

orrhage);O

thers(Sun

stroke);Preg

nancy,


(Breastcare);Respitarory

system

(Pregn


,Asthm

a,Bron

chial

dilator,Bron

chiald

iseases,Cou

gh,Expectorant,Respiratory

tract,Sinu

sitis);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Skinulcers)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

deLasCruces;Plazade

LasFerias;Plaza

deSanBenito;Plaza

deSanCarlos;Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

delR

estrep

o;PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Delostomaintegrifolium

D.D

onCajeto/Crecedo

rBloo


(Blood

cleansing);U

rinary

system

(Diuretic)

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Han

droanthu

sbarbatus

(E.M

ey.)

Mattos

Palo

deArco

Digestivesystem

(Gallbladd

er)

Plazade

LaCon

cordia;Jacaranda

caucanaPittier


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Jacarand

acaucan

aPittier

Gualand

ayBloo


(Blood

cleansing);D

entalh

ealth

(Mou

thinfections);Digestivesystem

(Liver

prob

lems);

Infections

andinfestations

(Anthe

lmintic,Syphilis,Ven

ereal

diseases);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Bon

epain);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic);Sensorysystem

(Mou

thulcers);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Rashe

s,Skin

diseases)

Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade


Las

Cruces;Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto

Jacarand

acopaia(Aub

l.)D.D

onGualand

ayBloo


(Blood

cleansing);Infectio

nsand

infestations

(Syphilis,Ven

ereald

iseases);M

uscular-skelettal

system

(Arthritis,Neuralgia,Rhe

umatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic);Skin

and

subcutaneo

ustissue(Burns,Skinallergies,Skin

ulcers);Urin

ary

system

(Urethralinfectio

ns)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

deLa


Mercado


delR

estrep

o

Jacarand

amimosifolia

D.D

onGualand

ayInfections

andinfestations

(Syphilis)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao

Bixaceae

Bixa

orellana

L.Bija/Achiote

Digestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a,Indige

stion,Liverprob

lems);N

on-

specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Cancer,Mosqu

itobites);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Sexual

potency);Respitarory

system

(Bronchitis,Expectorant,

Tonsillitis);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(Burns,Eczem

a,Healing,

Skin

diseases);Hum

anfood

(Con

dimen

t)*

Plazade

LasCruces;Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

deSan

Benito;Plaza

delQ

uirig

ua

Bombacaceae

Herranianitida(Poe

pp.)R.E.

Schu

lt.Otonasaré

Hum

anfood

(Foo

d)*

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca)

Boraginaceae

Borago

officinalisL.

Borraja

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);C

ultural

illne

sses

("Frío

sen

cajado

s");Infections

andinfestations

(Measles);Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Tranq

uilizer);

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge


Inflammation,Prom

otes

sweatin

g);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Dysmen

orrhea,Emen

agog

ue);Respitarory

system

(Bronchitis,C

ough

,Expectorant,Flu);Skin

and

subcutaneo

ustissue(Bruises)

Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade

SanCarlos;Plazade

l12de

Octub

re;Plaza

del20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Cordiaalliodora

(Ruiz&Pav.)

Oken

Laurel

Infections

andinfestations

(Infections);Nervous

system

and

men

talh

ealth

(Stim

ulant);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Promotes

sweatin

g)

Plazade

lRestrep

o

CordiadentataPo

ir.Uvito

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Promotes

sweatin

g);Respitarory

system

(Cou

gh,Expectorant)

Plazade

Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío)

Heliotropium

arborescensL.

Heliotrop

oDigestivesystem

(Vom

itive);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Cancer);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Skin

ulcers)

Plazade

SanCarlos


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Symph

ytum

officinaleL.

Con

frey

Bloo


(Arteriosclerosis,Circulatory

stim

ulant,Varicoseveins);D

igestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a,Gastritis);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Gou

t,Restorative);


(Bon

epain,Rhe

umatism);Non

-specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic);Others

(Health

yhair);Respitarory

system

(Bronchitis,D

econ

gestant,

Expe

ctorant,Respiratory

tract,Sinu

sitis);Sensorysystem

(Con


ustissue(Burns);Urin

ary

system

(Hem

orrhoids)

Plazade

ElCarmen

;Plaza

del20de

Julio;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Brassicaceae

Brassicanigra(L.)W.D.J.Ko

chMostaza

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing);D

igestive

system

(Indige

stion);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Restorative);

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Lackof

appe

tite);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Respitarory

system

(Bronchitis,Pne

umon

ia)

Plazade

l12de

Octub

re

Brassicarapa

L.Nabo

Digestivesystem

(Intestinalinflammation);Infectio

nsand

infestations

(Bot

fly);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Inflammation);Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Cou

gh,

Respiratory

tract)

Plazade

LaPerseverancia

Draba

litam

oL.Urib

eLítamoreal

Culturalillnesses(Lon

gevity);Digestivesystem

(Gastrointestin

aldisorders);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Cancer)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Paloqu

emao

Lepidium

bipinn

atifidum

Desv.

Mastuerzo

/Chisgo

Digestivesystem

(Flatulence,Indige

stion);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Fever);Others(Alcoh

olism);

Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Throat

inflamation);Skinand

subcutaneo

ustissue(Healingwou

nds,Skin

diseases);Urin

ary

system

(Urin

aryinfection)

Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto

Nasturtium

officinaleW.T.A

iton

Berros

/Mastuerzo

Bloo


(Ane

mia);Digestivesystem

(Indige

stion,Liverprob

lems);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic);H

uman

food

(Foo

d)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

LasCruces;Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto;Plazade

lRestrep

o

Raph

anus

sativus

L.Rábano

Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Obe

sity)

PlazaBo

yacá

Brom

eliaceae

Tilland

siausneoides(L.)L.

Melen

a/Barbade

Viejo

Digestivesystem

(Hernia);M


(Rhe

umatism);Urin

arysystem

(Hem

orrhoids)

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto

Burseraceae

Burseragraveolens

(Kun

th)

Triana

&Planch.

Palo

Santo/Sasafrás/Tatamaco

Bloo


(Blood

cleansing,

Circulatory

stim

ulant);C

ulturalillnesses(Goo

dluck);Digestivesystem

(Hernia);M


(Arthritis,Muscularpain,

Sprain);Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Stress);N

on-

specificsymptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Dizzine

ss,H

eadache,

Prom

otes

sweatin

g);Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Cou

gh,Flu);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Rem

ovethorns,Skinallergies);

Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic)

Plazade

Mercado

deGirardot

(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Burserasim

aruba(L.)Sarg.

IndioDesnu

do/Caratero

Anti-ven

om(Antidote);D

igestivesystem

(Liver

prob

lems);

Infections

andinfestations

(Gangren

e);M

etabolism

and

nutrition

(Obe

sity,Thyroid);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue

(Rem

ovethorns)

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Cactaceae

Opuntiaficus-indica

(L.)Mill.

Nop

al/Tuna

Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Highcholesterol,Lower

cholesterol,Obe

sity);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Inflammation);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue(Spu

rson

feet);Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic);H

uman

food

(Foo

d,Water

purifier)*

Plazade


lRestrep

o

Pereskiaguam

acho

F.A.C.W

eber

Cactus

Bloo


(Cardiac

stim

ulant);D

igestive

system

(Liver

decong

estio

n);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic)

Plazade

lRestrep

o

Teph

rocactus

molinensis

(Spe

g.)

Backeb

.Tuna

Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic);Hum

anfood

(Foo

dcolorin

g,Water

purifier)*

Plazade

Mercado


del20de

Julio

Calop

hyllaceae

Mam

mea

american

aL.

Mam

eyInfections

andinfestations

(Bot

fly);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Alope

cia)

Plazade

l20de

Julio

Cannabaceae

Cann

abissativaL.

Marihuana

Culturalillnesses(Hallucino

gen);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Stomachcram

p);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Infertility)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

del20de

Julio

Caprifoliaceae

Valeriana

officinalisL.

Valeriana

Culturalillnesses(Hypocho

ndria,Vertig

o);D

entalh

ealth

(Mou

thinfections,Too

thache

);Digestivesystem

(Indige

stion);

Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Anxiety,Epilepsy,

Sedative,Tranqu

ilizer);

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Headache,Men

opause,Seizures,Spasms);

Respitarory

system

(Bronchialdiseases,C

ough

,Throat

inflamation)

Plazade

ElCarmen

;Plaza

deFontibón

;Plaza

deKenn

edy;

Plazade

LasCruces;Plazade

Mercado


del20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lQuirig

ua;

Plazade

lRestrep

o;PlazaSantande

r

Caricaceae

Vascon

celleapubescensA.D

C.

Papayuela

Respitarory

system

(Cou

gh,Ton

sillitis);Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Acne,Warts)

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca);

Plazade

lQuirig

ua

Celastraceae

Maytenu

slaevisReissek

Chu

chug

uaza

/Chu

chuh

uaza

Bloo


(Ane

mia);Digestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Restorative);M

uscular-

skelettalsystem

(Arthritis,Rh

eumatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Inflammation,Spasms,

Tumors);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Sexual

potency);U

rinarysystem

(Diuretic)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Mercado

Trinidad-Galán;

Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

del7

deAgo

sto;Plazade

lRestrepo

;Plaza

Sampe

rMen

doza


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Chrysob

alanaceae

Chrysobalanu

sicacoL.

Icaco

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Astrin

gent)

Plazade

SanBenito

Clusiaceae

ClusiaalataPlanch.&

Triana

Gaque

/Venced

ora


dluck);Nervous

system

andmen

tal

health

(Tranq

uilizer);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Headache);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Respitarory

system

(Flu);Hum

anfood

(Water

purifier)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade

Mercado


deSanBenito

Clusiamultiflora

Kunth

Chagu

alo

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue

(Skindiseases)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Com

melinaceae

Callisia

repens

(Jacq.)L.

Sueldo

/Suelda

consuelda


(Arthritis,Rh

eumatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Inflammation)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Commelinaerecta

L.Suelda

conSuelda


(Arthritis,Dislocatio

n,Fractures,

Luxatio

n,Rh

eumatism);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neral

illne

sses

(Inflammation)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

deElCarmen

;Plaza

deLa

Con

cordia;

Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Con

volvulaceae

Cuscutapartita

Cho

isy

Hilo

deoro

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation,Liverprob

lems)

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca);

PlazaSampe

rMen

doza

Ipom

oeacarnea

Jacq.

Batatilla/Kasisé

/Ojo

desapo

Anti-ven

om(Antidote);D

igestivesystem

(Con

stipation)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca);Plazade

l20de

Julio

Ipom

oeahederifoliaL.

Jalapa

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation)

Plazade

lRestrep

o

Coriariaceae

Coriaria

ruscifolia

L.Reventadera/Sansú

Culturalillnesses(Hallucino

gen);D

igestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a)Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca);

Plazade

lRestrep

o

Costaceae

Costus

villosissim

usJacq.

Insulina

Endo

crinesystem

(Diabe

tes);Respitarory

system

(Asthm

a,Bron

chitis,Lung

diseases)

Plazade

ElCarmen

;Plaza

deLa


Las

Cruces;Plazade

Mercado

deArm

enia(Quind

ío);Plazade

Mercado


del20de

Julio

Crassulaceae

Kalancho

edaigremon

tiana

Raym

.-Ham

et&H.Perrier

Aranto

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Cancer)

Plazade

Paloqu

emao

Kalancho

egaston

is-bonn

ieri

Raym

.-Ham

et&H.Perrier

Leng

uade

Sueg

raBloo


(Highbloo


system

(Diarrhe

a);Infectio

nsandinfestations

(Abscesses);

Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Stren

gthe

ninum

osystem);Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Relaxant);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic,C

ancer,Hem

orrhage,

Inflammation,Tumors);Pregn


(Red

uces

uterinecontractions);Sensorysystem

Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

delR

estrep

o


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

(Con

junctivitis);A

strin

gent

(Healing,

Skin

care);Urin

arysystem

(Kidne

yinfection)

Kalancho

epinn

ata(Lam

.)Pers.

HojaSanta

Digestivesystem

(Liver

prob

lems);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);M


(Musclerelaxant);

Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Sed

ative);N

on-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Analgesic,C

ancer,

Inflammation,Mosqu

itobites);Respitarory

system

(Cou

gh);

Skin

andsubcutaneo

ustissue(Bruises,Burns,H

ealingwou

nds,

Skin

diseases,Skinulcers)

Plazade

lQuirig

ua

Cucurbitaceae

Cucurbita

maximaDuche

sne

Ahu

yama

Digestivesystem

(Con

stipation,Livercleaning

);Infections

and

infestations

(Anthe

lmintic);Muscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis)

Plazade

ElCarmen

Mom

ordica

charan

tiaL.

Balsam

ina/Bo

cado

deCuleb

ra/

Subicogé

/Balsam

ina


dluck,W


(Con

stipation,Indige

stion,Vo

mitive);Endo

crinesystem

(Diabe

tes);Infectio

nsandinfestations

(Malaria,Ven

ereal

diseases,Vermifuge

);Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Hyperglycem

ia);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses

(Fever,H

emorrhage);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Emen

agog

ue);Urin

arysystem

(Hem

orrhoids)

Plazade

Fontibón

;Plaza

deLa


Mercado

Trinidad-Galán

Sechium

edule(Jacq.)Sw

.Cidra

/Guatila

Bloo


(Circulatorystim

ulant);D

igestive

system

(Stomachprob

lems);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);

Metabolism

andnu

trition

(Obe

sity);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Inflammation);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

and

sexualhe

alth

(Diuretic);Hum

anfood

(Foo

d)*

Plazade

SanBenito;Plaza

del20de

Julio

Cun

oniaceae

Weinm

anniatomentosa

L.f.

Encenillo

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Hem

orrhage)

Plazade

l7de

Ago

sto

Cyclanthaceae

Carludovica

palmataRu

iz&Pav.

Iraca

Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sandge

neralillnesses(Hem

orrhage)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos

Cyperaceae

Rhynchospora

nervosa(Vahl)

Boeckeler

Tote

Respitarory

system

(Cou

gh,Flu);Animalfood

(Bait)*

Plazade

ElCarmen

;Plaza

deMercado


dePaloqu

emao

Dillen

iaceae

Curatella

american

aL.

Chaparro

Bloo


(Highbloo


system

(Gallstone

s);End

ocrin

esystem

(Diabe

tes);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Hyperglycem

ia);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene


ustissue

(Astrin

gent,H

ealingwou

nds,Rashes)

Plazade

Kenn

edy;Plazade

Paloqu

emao;Plaza

delR

estrep

o

Dioscoreaceae

Dioscorea

alataL.

Ñam

eMuscular-skelettalsystem

(Arthritis,Rh

eumatism);H

uman

food

(Foo

d)*

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

LaPerseverancia


Table

1(Con

tinued)

Family

/Scientificname

Vernacular

name

Med

icinalUse

catego

ries(Ailm

ent/Illne

ss)*=

nonmed

icinal

uses

Market

Dryop

terid

aceae

Dryopteris

wallichian

a(Spren

g.)

Hyl.

Helecho

macho

Infections

andinfestations

(Vermifuge

);Metabolism

and

nutrition

(Rickets,Scurvy);M


(Rhe

umatism)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

Cen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

l20de

Julio;Plaza

delLucero

Equisetaceae

Equisetum

bogotenseKu

nth

Colade

caballo

Bloo


(Arteriosclerosis,Bloo

dcleansing,

Circulatorystim

ulant,Varicoseveins);D

entalh

ealth

(Halito

sis);D

igestivesystem

(Diarrhe

a,Dysen

tery,Ind

igestio

n,Liverprob

lems);M

etabolism

andnu

trition

(Rickets);Muscular-

skelettalsystem

(Muscularpain);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Alope

cia,Analgesic,H

emorrhage,

Inflammation);Rep

rodu

ctivesystem

andsexualhe

alth

(Vaginalinfections);Respitarory

system

(Flu,Laryngitis,Lun

gdiseases,Throatinflamation);Skinandsubcutaneo

ustissue

(Healing,

Sores,Sw

eatin

g);U

rinarysystem

(Cystitis,D

iuretic,

Kidn

eyinfection,Urin

aryinfection)

PlazaCen

tralde

Corabastos;Plazade

Fontibón

;Plaza

dePaloqu

emao;Plaza

del20de

Julio;Plaza

delLucero;Plazade

lRestrepo

Equisetum

giganteum

L.Colade

caballo

Digestivesystem

(Dysen

tery);Non

-spe

cific

symptom

sand

gene

ralillnesses(Alope

cia,Hem

orrhage);Respitarory

system

(Lun

gdiseases);Urin

arysystem

(Diuretic)

Plazade

lRestrep

o

Ericaceae

Bejaria

resin

osaMutisex

L.f.

Pegape

gaRespitarory

system

(Expectorant)

Plazade

l12de

Octub

re

Cavend

ishiabracteata(Ruiz&

Pav.ex

J.St.-H

il.)Hoe

rold

Quereme/Uva

deAnís/Uvito


(Rhe

umatism);Skin

and

subcutaneo

ustissue(Astrin

gent)

PlazaBo

yacá;Plaza

deLa

Con

cordia

Cavend

ishiaquerem

e(Kun

th)

Benth.&Hoo

k.f.

Quereme

Culturalillnesses(W

itchcraft);Den

talh

ealth

(Too

thache


(Arthritis,Rh

eumatism)

Plazade

Mercado

delM

unicipio

dePacho(Cun

dinamarca)

Erythroxylaceae

Erythroxylum

coca

Lam.

Kaji/Coca

Nervous

system

andmen

talh

ealth

(Sed

ative,Stim

ulant,

Tranqu

ilizer);

Sens

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