asthithva - a journey to the roots

o live in the heartsof those whom you leave behind

is to not die.

TTTTT

4

Our beloved President, Dr. A. P. J Abdul Kalam has exhorted all the youth to take this pledge in order to realize his grand vision of a grand India.

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OOMMEN CHANDYChief MinisterSecretariatThiruvananthapuram - 695 001Tel : (0471) 2333812 & 2333682Fax : (0471) 2333489email: [email protected]

I am happy to learn that I.E.S. COLLEGE ofENGINEERING, CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR is publishinga magazine “Asthithva” on the occasion of the annualcelebration.

I hope that the magazine will bring out the inborn talents ofstudents as well as teachers of the institution.

I wish all success for the endeavour.

OOMMEN CHANDY

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E. T. MOHAMMED BASHEERMinister for EducationThiruvananthapuram - 695 001Tel : (0471) 2335466Fax : (0471) 2335457email: [email protected]

I am happy to learn that I.E.S. COLLEGE of

ENGINEERING, CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR hasproposed to bring out a magazine “ASTHITHVA”. I amsure that this will be an apt forum for the manifestation ofinherent talents of students and the staff alike. I extend mybest wishes for the success of this venture.

E. T. Mohammed Basheer

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UNIVERSITY OF

CALICUTProf. SYED IQBAL HASNAINVice-Chancellor

Calicut University P.O., Malappuram-673 635, Kerala, IndiaPhone : 0494- 2400241, 2401144, Extn. 102 & 150 (Off)

: 0494- 2400333, 2401144, Extn. 555 & 556 (Resi)Fax : 0494- 2400361E-mail : [email protected] : 9447100241

I am glad to know that IES College of Engineering, Chittilappilly,Thrissur is bringing out an annual magazine in December, 2005.I hope this publication would reflect the creativity of thestudents and address the basic issues of the present-day campus.

I wish it all success and maximum readership and congratulateeach and everyone behind this initiative.

ProfProfProfProfProf..... Sy Sy Sy Sy Syed Iqbal Hasnained Iqbal Hasnained Iqbal Hasnained Iqbal Hasnained Iqbal HasnainVice-Chancellor

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I am extremely happy to learn that the College Union is bringing out thecollege magazine for the year 2005. I hope that the magazine will provideopportunities to the students to expose themselves through artistic and literarycontributions.

I congratulate the Magazine Committee for the sincere and worthy effortsthey have made to bring out this magazine and wish all success for theirendeavours.

P. P. Hyder Haji P. P. Hyder Haji P. P. Hyder Haji P. P. Hyder Haji P. P. Hyder Haji President, Ideal Educational Society

IDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYREGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551REGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551REGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551REGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551REGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551

PHONE: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164PHONE: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164PHONE: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164PHONE: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164PHONE: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164

17

I am delighted to learn that the college magazine is ready for publication.The college magazine is a unique scenario that provides unlimited opportunities to thestudents to expose their creative talents through literary and artistic works. I hopethat the students might have utilized the opportunity worthily.

I sincerely congratulate those students and staff without whosededicated and untiring efforts, this would not have materialised within such a shortspell of time.

With best wishes,

M. M. M. M. M. TTTTT. Mohamed. Mohamed. Mohamed. Mohamed. MohamedGenera l SecretaryGenera l SecretaryGenera l SecretaryGenera l SecretaryGenera l Secretary

IDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYIDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETYREGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551

PH: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164

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(An Engineering College Promoted by the Ideal Educational Society)Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to University of CalicutCHITTILAPPILLY P. O. , THRISSUR, KERALA - 680 551PH : 0487 - 2309966, 2309967, Fax : 0487 - 2309967e -mail : [email protected] Url : www.iesce.org

“ASTHITHVA” the first magazine of the IES College of Engineeringis being released after a rather long period of persistent efforts by theMagazine Committee to give the shape it has attained now in its style andcontents. Being the starter it could have its share of shortcomings, still itwould become evident as one goes through the magazine that it hasexhibited sparks of the vibrant life here at IESCE with flashes of brillianceat times in its articles and presentation.

The Magazine Committee could very well earn acclaim for the goodwork it has carried out. Let this become the starting block for bringing outthe future issues of the magazine at a faster pace and added vitality andvigour that will reflect a truly dynamic and progressive campus life weall strive to have here. All the best wishes are offered here for attainingsuch a glorious future for the endeavours of the fraternity of IESCE.

Dr. M. George JosephPrincipal

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There has been a very progressive trend in the higher education sector in Kerala with the beginning of the newmillennium. IES College of Engineering (IESCE), Chittilappilly, Thrissur, founded by the Ideal Educational Society in 2003,is one of the prominent new generation engineering colleges in the Thrissur area which joined in the upsurge for highquality technical education. A report of this college and its activities would do well to primarily focus on the stages of itsevolution and then switch over to the current affairs. This report aims to cover both these aspects.1. The Beginnings1. The Beginnings1. The Beginnings1. The Beginnings1. The Beginnings

The college had obtained AICTE sanction to start four B.Tech courses in AEI, CE, CSE and ECE as per their letterof sanction No: F.No: 06/06/KER/ENGG/2002/35, dated 12/05/03. The Kerala Government had given sanction to startthe college as per G.O.No (MS)No: 65/2003/H.Edu dated 06/06/03. The University of Calicut, our affiliating universityhad issued affiliating order as per letter No: GAI/D4/2159/03 dt 25/7/03.

The Foundation Stone of the college building was laid by Shri.P.M. Sayeed, Honourable Deputy Speaker ofLoksabha, on 15th June 2002 in the midst of an august gathering of dignitaries. The three storeyed college building, builtin splendid architectural style and situated in a well laid out garden landscape, provides the right ambience to pursueengineering academic career in a serene environment. Faculty members, technical staff and administrative staff had beenselected on merit basis and appointed well in advance of the start of the First Batch classes. The admission counselling ofthe first batch of students was completed in early September and classes were started from 15 September 2003.2. Facilities2. Facilities2. Facilities2. Facilities2. Facilities

The College is well equipped to conduct the theory and laboratory classes of all the 4 branches of B.Tech coursesnamely, Applied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, andElectronics and Communication Engineering. The classrooms, drawing halls, laboratories, workshops, library and computercentre etc. have been furnished with all the modern amenities and provided with the latest equipments and furnishings.2.1 Library2.1 Library2.1 Library2.1 Library2.1 Library

The College Library has a collection of 2823 books in titles and 7031 volumes. The library subscribes to nationaljournals and international journals. There are also more than 60 periodicals and magazines of general and technical interest.The collection of the CD/DVD library is about 920 items. The library has reference section, general section and readinghalls for both, all of which are situated in 2 floors.2.2 Computer Centre2.2 Computer Centre2.2 Computer Centre2.2 Computer Centre2.2 Computer Centre

The Computer Centre consists of 4 computer labs which have 120 personal computers in present use and additional120 computers for use in the forthcoming semesters. The centre provides time slots for internet browsing by students andstaff, utilizing a 160 kbps dedicated connection which is being upgraded to 640 kbps. There are licensed softwares forWindows XP professional, MS Office 2003, Autocad-2006 etc. Red hat Linux is also used as Operating System. Softwareslike Stad pro, Mat lab, Orcad, p-spice etc. are being procured now.2.3 Laboratories2.3 Laboratories2.3 Laboratories2.3 Laboratories2.3 LaboratoriesCivil Engineering Dept. has labs in (1) Material testing (2) Fluids Engineering (3) Geotechnical Engineering (4) Surveying.Electronics & Communication Engineering Dept. has labs in (1) Electronic circuits (2) Digital Electronics (3) Microprocessor& Microcontroller (4) Linear Integrated circuits.Computer Science & Engineering Dept. has labs in (1) Computer Programming(2) Data structures (3) Hardware Engineering. Applied Electronics &Instrumentation Engineering Dept. has labs in(1) Industrial Instrumentation (2) Control Engineering.Electrical measurements & circuits lab, Electrical Machines Lab are also functioning well to meet the practical requirementsof existing courses.

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The Basic Engineering workshops required for the first year of the courses are divided into (1) MechanicalEngineering Workshops, Comprising of Machine Shop, Fitting, Sheet Metal and Welding Sections (2) ElectricalWiring systems (3) Electronics Circuits Assembly/Fabrication (4) Civil Engineering Workshops in Masonry,Plumbing, Carpentry and Model making.2.4 Seminar Halls and Auditoriums2.4 Seminar Halls and Auditoriums2.4 Seminar Halls and Auditoriums2.4 Seminar Halls and Auditoriums2.4 Seminar Halls and AuditoriumsA general purpose seminar hall with 200 seating capacity has been set apart for conducting seminars andsymposia. Another hall with a seating capacity of 400 is in use. The OHP, LCD projectors available for paperpresentations in the seminar halls and lecture halls provide the appealing environment required for such duties.Construction of a College Auditorium capable of accommodating 1000 members is in its final stage.2.5 Recreational Facilities of Sports and Games2.5 Recreational Facilities of Sports and Games2.5 Recreational Facilities of Sports and Games2.5 Recreational Facilities of Sports and Games2.5 Recreational Facilities of Sports and GamesThe college maintains a foot ball court with the dual purpose of conducting cricket matches as well as athleticevents in the Annual College Sports Meet. Games courts for volleyball, basket ball, tennis are also in use bystudents, the latter two being introduced recently. Apart from these, college has the facilities for table tennis also.2.6 In- Campus Hostels2.6 In- Campus Hostels2.6 In- Campus Hostels2.6 In- Campus Hostels2.6 In- Campus HostelsLadies and Gents hostels functioning within the campus are under the direct supervision of the Matron/Wardenand under the overall control of the Principal, who functions as Chief Warden.3 The College Administration3 The College Administration3 The College Administration3 The College Administration3 The College AdministrationThe College administration is continuously supervised by the President of IES Mr. P. P. Hyder Haji and GeneralSecretary Mr. M. T. Mohamed.They are ably assisted in the administration by the Vice-President Mr. C. Alikuttywho is also the academic committee Chairman, Joint Secretary Mr. A.A. Mohamed Usman, SecretaryMr. K.Kunhumohamed, Treasurer Mr. R.V. Hassanon. The other members of the Executive CommitteeMr. N.M.K.Mohamed ( Senior Vice President), Mr. R.V.Aboo (Director & Purchase Committee Chairman),Mr. K.A.Kunhimon, Mr. K.P.Aboobacker, Mr. K.V.Mohamed Ashraf, Mr. K.K.Mashood, Mr. K.B.Majid,Mr. A.V.Kader, Mr. K.K Mohammed Ali have also been attending to all their duties as Directors in the matters ofcollege administration. Apart from the above members of the Executive Committee, other members of thesub-committees who also had been rendering good administrative support are Mr. K.T.M. Usman (Fin.Comm. Chairman), Mr.V.C. Kunhimoidunny (Transp. Comm. Chairman), Mr. P.K Anwar, Mr. P.C.Rafeeq,Mr. R.V. Musthafa, Mr. T.K.Khalid (Chairman, Agric. Comm), Mr. K.Aboobacker. A total of 21 managing committeemembers routinely look after the administrative needs of IES which also has the prestigious Public School as it’s firstventure in the education sector and recently the B.Ed. Training College from the current academic year.The sad demise of Mr. Marakkar Thamarassery, who was joint secretary and public relation committee member, hasengulfed all of us in grief. His services will always be remembered.3.1 A 3.1 A 3.1 A 3.1 A 3.1 A BBBBBrief rief rief rief rief RRRRReview of the IESCE Administration Procedureeview of the IESCE Administration Procedureeview of the IESCE Administration Procedureeview of the IESCE Administration Procedureeview of the IESCE Administration ProcedureThe Principal, the Administrator, the Administrative Assistant and the Office Staff constitute the general administrativeunit of IESCE. The Heads of Departments along with the Principal constitute the Academic Administrative Body,otherwise called the Staff Council.The college admits students as per the Government and University regulations in force every year. The present seniormost batch of students are just completing their 5th semester. The first batch will pass out in 2007. The total studentstrength at present is 617. By academic year 2006-07 it is expected to cross 900. The college is ready to accommodatethe increased requirements of class room spaces, labs and equipments. The college is also applying to AICTE forsanctioning new branches of studies in Mechanical Engineering and Electrical & Electronics Engineering for which theinfrastructure is getting ready.The students are provided with uniforms and identity cards. Academic performance evaluation is done conductingsessional tests and assignment work as per University rules. The sessional test results and attendance progress areinformed to the parents through progress cards sent to them or handed over to them in PTA meetings. Remedialclasses are engaged for students found failing in the sessional tests. University examinations are conducted as perUniversity schedule. Students coming at the top level in the university exams will be awarded with prizes. Economicallyweak but brilliant students are given scholarships to pursue their studies.Good care is taken to appoint well qualified faculty members on consideration of merit alone and periodical assessmentof the teaching quality is done by getting feed back from students in the manner prescribed by the AICTE.

3.2 Department Activities3.2 Department Activities3.2 Department Activities3.2 Department Activities3.2 Department ActivitiesThe four branches of study and other major sections of Engineering have the heads of dept. and the faculty members.Faculties of all departments maintain a class work record. The teaching record consists of the course plan based onprescribed syllabi and the college academic calendar. The teaching notes also will be a part of this record. Classes willbe conducted according to this plan and the progress will be monitored. The details of all tests, assignments and dailyattendance will be recorded here. The data relating to the attendance and marks will be entered into the collegeacademic data bank to be retrieved as and when needed.24

Group tutor system enables the staff members to know well the students under their charge and guide themproperly in matters of studies and personal growth. The students can seek the assistance and guidance of thetutors in all matters relating to their career here.

4. Technical Associations4. Technical Associations4. Technical Associations4. Technical Associations4. Technical AssociationsThe departments of the four degree courses, namely Applied Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, ComputerScience & Engineering, Civil Engineering and Electronics & Communication Engineering have formed their respectiveassociations to conduct co-curricular activities.4.1 Association of Applied 4.1 Association of Applied 4.1 Association of Applied 4.1 Association of Applied 4.1 Association of Applied EEEEElectronics and Instrumentationlectronics and Instrumentationlectronics and Instrumentationlectronics and Instrumentationlectronics and Instrumentation

The AEI association was formed and inaugurated in July 2004 by Mr. K.A. Nathan, Deputy General Manager ofElectrical and Instrumentation at HOC, Cochin. The association conducted lecture programs performed byexperts from the industries like Kochi Refineries. Students have made industrial visits to ITI , HOC, and FCRIetc. with guidance of the faculty members. Students have presented technical papers at many other engineeringcolleges like Jyothi Engg. College, Vidya Academy of Science & Tech and have won prizes. They have also takenpart in technical quiz, software debugging at NSS College of Engg, MES college of Engg, FISAT etc. and havesecured top honors.

4.2 Civil Engineering Association4.2 Civil Engineering Association4.2 Civil Engineering Association4.2 Civil Engineering Association4.2 Civil Engineering AssociationThe Civil Engg. Association was inaugurated by the noted architect and civil engineer Mr. V. R. U. Menon in July2004. Invited lectures were conducted involving Mr. T. N. N. Bhattathiripad, Retd. Chief Engineer, Kerala WaterAuthority; Dr. R.P.R. Nair, renowned Academician and Structural Engineer. Some faculty members attendedshort term courses and workshops at GEC Thrissur, FISAT and Royal College of Engg. Students and staffconducted industrial visits to Chimony dam, Malabar Cements, KAP India Tiles, Idukky Dam etc. Some studentstook part in intercollegiate cultural events like ‘collage’ at Brahma of ASIET, Kalady, Technofest of GEC, Thrissurand won prizes.

4.3 Computer Science and Engineering Association4.3 Computer Science and Engineering Association4.3 Computer Science and Engineering Association4.3 Computer Science and Engineering Association4.3 Computer Science and Engineering AssociationThe CSE association was inaugurated by Mr. Anwar P. Payyurel, Software Engineer. The students conductedindustrial visits to Techno Park, Thiruvananthapuram, and Reliance Base Station etc. Students took part in culturalevents and technical events like software debugging at ‘Resonance’ of GEC, Thrissur and of Vidya Academy.Students conducted seminars, debate and quiz programs. Web designing competitions are also planned.

4.4 Electronics and Communication Engineering Association4.4 Electronics and Communication Engineering Association4.4 Electronics and Communication Engineering Association4.4 Electronics and Communication Engineering Association4.4 Electronics and Communication Engineering AssociationThe ECE Association was inaugurated by Dr.Thomas Philip GM (Per.) BSNL Thrissur. Invited lecture on EmergingTrends in Radio and Satellite Communication by Mr. Subesh, All India Radio was conducted. Students made industrialvisits to Travancore Titanium industries and Keltech in Thiruvananthapuram. Dr.P.P.Nair, Principal, Vidya Academyof Science & Tech, conducted an awareness program on IEEE for the benefit of our students. Our students took partin events like debate, mock interview, GD and circuit debugging at MES CE Kuttippuram, VAST, Thalakkottukaraand won prizes.4 .54 .54 .54 .54 .5 Sports and Games ActivitiesSports and Games ActivitiesSports and Games ActivitiesSports and Games ActivitiesSports and Games ActivitiesOur college hosted the volley ball tournament of the Games Festival conducted under the auspices of ‘PECSAGA’, thePrivate Engineering Colleges Sports and Games Association. IESCE also took part in the various games eventsconducted here as well as in the other colleges of PECSAGA. Football, Shuttle Badminton and Table Tennis were theother events of competition. The other colleges that form PECSAGA are Sahrdaya College of Engg., Kodakara, JyothiEngg. College, Cheruthuruthy and Royal Engg. College, Akkikkavu.

Our college conducts the Annual Sports and Games festival. Prize winners are awarded with medals and the championswith trophies.

4.6 Cultural Activities4.6 Cultural Activities4.6 Cultural Activities4.6 Cultural Activities4.6 Cultural ActivitiesMr. Sandeepan C. of Applied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering participated in the ‘Thabala Competition’held at Christ College, Irinjalakuda on behalf of D-Zone cultural festival followed by Inter-Zone cultural festival, 2005held at Kunnamkulam conducted by Calicut University and bagged first prize for the college.Our students conducted a Cultural/Arts festival ‘Out Burst’ in which all talented students took part in the art competition.A few of our students took part in the debate program “OUT OF SYLLABUS” conducted for Amrita T.V. which wastelecast in November 2005.

5. Seminars and 5. Seminars and 5. Seminars and 5. Seminars and 5. Seminars and PPPPPrograms rograms rograms rograms rograms CCCCConductedonductedonductedonductedonductedA National workshop on ‘Environment and Pollution-2004’ sponsored by the AICTE was conducted in the college on 1st

July 2004. The District Collector Mr. V.M. Gopala Menon inaugurated the event. Prominent personalities in the fieldincluding Dr.K.Raghavan Nambiar,eminent Environmental engineer, Dr.E.J.James, Executive Director, CWRDMDr. U. Lazar John, Principal, Jyothi Engg. College, Mr. Vijayabhas Senior Environmental engineer, Kerala State PollutionControl Board presented theme papers. Fifty delegates from academia, governmental depts and industry personnel participatedin the one day workshop.

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The college conducted an inter-collegiate Tech-Fest - LAURELS’05 on 19th November’05 which had competitionsin Technical Debate, Mock Interview, Software Debugging and Technical Paper Presentation. Laurels’05 wasinaugurated by Mr. Francis Jacob, DGM, BSNL, Thrissur. The Tech-Fest had participation from many engineeringcolleges in the State.6. College Students Council6. College Students Council6. College Students Council6. College Students Council6. College Students CouncilThe College Union was formed in the last two years by election of class representatives as Students’ Councilmembers and further selecting the Office Bearers from among the Council Members.7. Toppers In University Examinations7. Toppers In University Examinations7. Toppers In University Examinations7. Toppers In University Examinations7. Toppers In University ExaminationsThe toppers in the Calicut University Examinations conducted in the college for which result are available till noware as follows:

8. Training And Placement Centre8. Training And Placement Centre8. Training And Placement Centre8. Training And Placement Centre8. Training And Placement CentreThe college has established a Training and Placement Training Centre to enable students secure placements beforethey pass out from the college. This is guided by faculty representative from each department with the overall supervisionby Dr. C. J. James, Professor of Humanities. Specialized training for development of communicative skills and othersoft skills development are given emphasis in programs conducted under the TPC. External, visiting and guest facultyare also invited to impart the required training programs.

9. Student Amenities9. Student Amenities9. Student Amenities9. Student Amenities9. Student Amenities The college has provided internet browsing facilities to students at our computer centre. The interval times andmorning/evening sessions are utilized for this purpose. The College store supplies all essential books and stationeryitems to the students and staff. Telephone facilities are provided by ITC system and coin box system. A reprographiccentre is available for the needs of the students in this regard. The college canteen also functions in the campus.9.1 Conveyance9.1 Conveyance9.1 Conveyance9.1 Conveyance9.1 Conveyance

The IES College of Engineering is located in Chittilappilly (Adat Gramapanchayat) Trichur dt.Chittilappilly is only10 km away from Trichur Corporation. The college provides conveyance to take students and staff residing inplaces outside the campus.

10. Acknowledgements10. Acknowledgements10. Acknowledgements10. Acknowledgements10. AcknowledgementsI wish to place on record with gratitude the enormous support provided to me to discharge my duties as Principalby the members of the executive committee headed by the President Mr. P.P. Hyder Haji and General SecretaryMr. M. T. Mohammed. The other executive committee members and directors and sub committee members have alsoprovided their best efforts to administer the college effectively.

I also wish to acknowledge the sincere efforts of the faculty and other staff members and our students of IESCE inbringing out the best in them for the welfare and prestige of our college.

IESCE CHITTILAPPILLY DR. M GEORGE JOSEPHDR. M GEORGE JOSEPHDR. M GEORGE JOSEPHDR. M GEORGE JOSEPHDR. M GEORGE JOSEPH17th DEC 2005 PRINCIPAL

I & II Semester 2003 Admission

AEI Unnikrishnan Poduval Arun K.A. Salna Joy

CS Sheena Paul Abhisha Francis Chandana Therattil

CE Tony Jose Kiran Tony N. Nimisha V. Krishnan

EC Sajitha Sivasankaran Vinaya Krishnan K. N. Mohammed Rais

I & II Semester 2004 Admission

AEI Ajish A.A. Babu Bhavitha Chankarnkattil Aparna M.CS Nimmi Thomas Jyothi Rajamohanan Premdas T.A.

CE Sony Vincent Karthika Mohan Ambili C. Valsan

EC Syama K. Ambili Prabhakaran Remya Ravindran

Third Semester 2003 Batch

AEI Unnikrishnan Poduval Arun K.A. Salna JoyCS Sheena Paul Subi Abdulla P. Rahul Krishnan

CE Tony Jose Nimisha V. Krishnan Ajith KrishnaEC N Mohammed Rais Rekha P. Sajitha Sivasankran

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The President of India Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam’sSpeech in Hyderabad, India.

“I have three visions for India . In 3000 years of ourhistory, people from all over the world have come andinvaded us, captured our lands, conquered our minds.From Alexander onwards- the Greeks, the Turks, theMoguls, the Portuguese, the British, the French, theDutch, all of them came and looted us, took over whatwas ours. Yet we have not done this to any other nation.We have not conquered anyone. We have not grabbedtheir land, their culture, their history and tried to enforceour way of life on them. Why? Because we respect thefreedom of others. That is why my first vision is that ofFREEDOMFREEDOMFREEDOMFREEDOMFREEDOM. I believe that India got its first vision ofthis in 1857, when, we started the war of independence.It is this freedom that we must protect and nurture andbuild on. If we are not free, no one will respect us.

My second vision for India is DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT.For fifty years we have been a developing nation. It istime we see ourselves as a developed nation. We areamong top 5 nations of the world in terms of GDP. Wehave 10 percent growth rate in most areas. Our povertylevels are falling. Our achievements are being globallyrecognised today. Yet we lack the self -confidence tosee ourselves as a developed nation, self- reliant andself -assured . Isn’t this incorrect?

I have a third vision. India must stand up to the world.Because I believe that, unless India stands up to theworld no one will respect us. Only STRENGTHSTRENGTHSTRENGTHSTRENGTHSTRENGTHrespects strength. We must be strong not only as a

military power but also as an economic power.Both must go hand-in-hand. My good fortunewas to have worked with three great minds-Dr. Vikram Sarabhai of the Dept. of Space,Professor Satish Dhawan, who succeeded him andDr. Brahm Prakash, Father of Nuclear Material.I was lucky to have worked with all three of themclosely and consider this the great opportunity ofmy life.

I see four milestones in my career: Twentyyears I spent in ISRO. I was given the opportunityto be the project director for India!s first satellitelaunch vehicle, SLV3, the one that launched Rohini.These years played a very important role in my lifeof Scientist. After my ISRO years, I joined DRDOand got a chance to be the part of India’s guidedmissile program. It was my second bliss when Agnimet its mission requirements in 1994. The Dept. ofAtomic Energy and DRDO had this tremendouspartnership in the recent nuclear tests, on May11 and 13. This was the third bliss. The joy ofparticipating with my team in these nuclear tests andproving to the world that India can make it, that weare no longer a developing nation but one of them.It made me feel very proud as an Indian. The factthat we have now developed for Agni an entrystructure, for which we have developed this newmaterial, a very light material called carbon-carbon.

One day an orthopaedic surgeon from NizamInstitute of Medical Sciences visited my laboratory.He lifted the material and found it so light that he

DDDDDrrrrr. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM(Hon’ble President of India)

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took me to his hospital and showed me hispatients. There were these little girls and boyswith heavy metallic callipers weighing overthree kg. each, dragging their feet around. Hesaid to me: Please remove the pain of mypatients. In three weeks, we made these FloorReaction Orthosis 300-gram callipers and tookthem to the orthopaedic centre . The childrendidn’t believe their eyes . From dragging arounda three kg. load on their legs, they could nowmove around! Their parents had tears in theireyes. That was my fourth bliss!

Why is the media here so negative? Whyare we in India so embarrassed to recognizeour own strengths, our achievements? We aresuch a great nation. We have so many amazingsuccess stories but we refuse to acknowledgethem. Why? We are the first in milk production.We are number one in Remote Sensing Satellites.We are the second largest producer of wheat.We are the second largest producer of rice.Look at Dr. Sudarshan, he has transformed thetribal village into a self-sustaining, self-drivingunit. There are millions of such achievements butour media is only obsessed in the bad news andfailures and disasters. I was in Tel Aviv once andI was reading the Israeli newspaper. It was theday after a lot of attacks and bombardments anddeaths had taken place. The Hamas had struck. Butthe front page of the newspaper had the picture ofa Jewish gentleman who in five years had transformedhis desert into an orchid and a granary. It was thisinspiring picture that everyone woke up to. The gorydetails of killings, bombardments, deaths, were insidein the newspaper, buried among other news.

In India we only read about death, sickness,terrorism, crime. Why are we so NEGATIVE? Another question: Why are we, as a nation so obsessedwith foreign things? We want foreign TVs, we wantforeign shirts, we want foreign technology. Why thisobsession with everything imported. Do we not realizethat self-respect comes with self-reliance? I was inHyderabad giving this lecture, when a 14-year-old girlasked me for my autograph. I asked her what her goalin life was? She replied: “I want to live in a developedIndia. For her, you and I will have to build thisdeveloped India. You must proclaim India is not anunder-developed nation; it is a highly developednation.

Do you have 10 minutes? Allow me to come backwith a vengeance. Got 10 minutes for your country? Ifyes; then read; otherwise, choice is yours. YOU saythat our government is inefficient. YOU say that ourlaws are too old. YOU say that the municipality doesnot pick up the garbage. YOU say that the phones don’twork, the railways are a joke. The airline is the worstin the world, mails never reach their destination. YOUsay that our country has been fed to the dogs and is theabsolute pits. YOU say, say and say. What do YOUdo about it? Take a person on his way to Singapore.Give him a name - YOURS. Give him a face - YOURS.YOU walk out of the airport and you are at yourInternational best. In Singapore you don’t throwcigarette butts on the roads or eat in the stores. YOUare as proud of their Underground links as they are.You pay $5 (approx. Rs. 60) to drive through OrchardRoad (equivalent of Mahim Causeway or Fedder Road) between 5 PM and 8 PM. YOU come back to theparking lot to punch your parking ticket if you haveover stayed in a restaurant or a shopping mallirrespective of your status identity.

In Singapore you don’t say anything, DO YOU? YOUwouldn’t dare to eat in public during Ramadan in Dubai.YOU would not dare to go out without your headcovered in Jeddah. YOU would not dare to buy anemployee of the telephone exchange in London at10 pounds (Rs. 650) a month to, “see to it that mySTD and ISD calls are billed to someone else.” YOUwould not dare to speed beyond 55 mph (88 km/h) inWashington and then tell the traffic cop, “Jaanta haimain kaun hoon (Do you know who I am?). I am soand so’s son. Take your two bucks and get lost.” YOUwouldn’t chuck an empty coconut shell anywhere otherthan the garbage pail on the beaches in Australia andNew Zealand.

Why don’t YOU spit Paan on the streets of Tokyo?Why don’t YOU use examination jockeys or buy fakecertificates in Boston??? We are still talking of the sameYOU; YOU who can respect and conform to a foreignsystem in other countries but cannot in your own. YOUwho will throw papers and cigarettes on the road themoment you touch Indian ground. If you can be aninvolved and appreciative citizen in an alien country,why cannot you be the same here in India?

Once in an interview, the famous Ex-municipalcommissioner of Bombay, Mr. Tinaikar, had a point tomake. “Rich people’s dogs are walked on the streets to

28

leave their affluent droppings all over the place,” hesaid “And then the same people turn around to criticizeand blame the authorities for inefficiency and dirtypavements. What do they expect the officers to do?Go down with a broom every time their dog feels thepressure in his bowels? In America every dog ownerhas to clean up after his pet has done the job. Same inJapan. Will the Indian citizen do that here?” He’s right.

We go to the polls to choose a government and afterthat forfeit all responsibility. We sit back wanting tobe pampered and expect the government to doeverything for us whilst our contribution is totallynegative. We expect the government to clean up butwe are not going to stop chucking garbage all over theplace nor are we going to stop to pick-up astray pieceof paper and throw it in the bin. We expect the railwaysto provide clean bathrooms but we are not going tolearn the proper use of bathrooms. We want IndianAirlines and Air India “to provide the best of food andtoiletries but we are not going to stop pilfering at theleast opportunity.” This applies even to the staff whois known not to pass on the service to the public. Whenit comes to burning social issues like those related towomen, dowry, girl child and others, we make louddrawing room protestations and continue to do thereverse at home. Our excuse? “It’s the whole systemwhich has to change, how will it matter if I alone foregomy sons’ rights to dowry.” So who’s going to changethe system?

What does a system consist of? Very convenientlyfor us, it consists of our neighbours, other households,other cities, other communities and the government. Butdefinitely not me and You. When it comes to us actually

making a positive contribution to the system welock ourselves along with our families into a safecocoon and look into the distance at countriesfar away and wait for a Mr. Clean to come along& work miracles for us with a majestic sweepof his hand or we leave the country and runaway. Like lazy cowards hounded by our fearswe run to America to bask in their glory andpraise their system. When New York becomesinsecure we run to England. When Englandexperiences unemployment, we take the nextflight out to the Gulf, When the Gulf war struck,we demand to be rescued and brought homeby the Indian government. Everybody is out toabuse and rape the country. Nobody thinks offeeding the system. Our conscience is mortgagedto money.

Dear Indians, The article is highly thoughtinductive, calls for a great deal of introspectionand pricks one’s conscience too. ... I am echoingJ . F. Kennedy‘s words to his fellow Americansto relate to Indians .....

“ASK WHAT WE CAN DO FOR INDIAAND DO WHAT HAS TO BE DONE TO MAKEINDIA WHAT AMERICA AND OTHERWESTERN COUNTRIES ARE TODAY.”

Let us do what India needs from us.

Thank you,

DrDrDrDrDr. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM(Hon’ble President of India)

29

]mtbm-Kn-I-X-bn¬ C∂v ]m›m-Xy-cm¬ t]mepw

kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂, Hcp alm-im-kvX-im-J-bmbn hnf-

ßp-∂, hmkvXp-hn-Zysb km[m-c-W-°m-cn-te-s°-Øn-°p-

∂-Xn¬ apJy-]¶v hln-°p∂ io. ImWn-∏-øq¿

IrjvW≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏-mSp-ambn At±-l-Øns‚ a\-bn¬

sNe-hn´ A\p-K-loX \nan-j-ß-fn-te-s°m∂p ItÆm-

Sn-°mw.

- Xm¶ƒ hmkvXp-im-kvX-Øn-te°v FØn-t®-

cm≥ CS-bm-bXv H∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°mtam?

]mc-º-cy-ambn Xs∂ hmkvXp-imkvXw Rß-

fpsS c‡-Øn¬ Aen™p- tN¿∂n-cp∂p. ]mc-ºcyw

\ne-\n¿tØ-≠n-bn-cp∂ apXn¿∂-h¿ Cu cwK-tØ°v

IS∂phcm-Xn-cp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv Rm≥ FØn-

t®¿∂-Xv.

hmkvXp-hn-Zy-bpsS ][m\ XXz-ß-sf-s¥m-

s°-bmWv?

kqcy-\m-Wt√m \ap°v i‡nbpw Du¿÷hpw

\¬Ip-∂-Xv, AXn-\m¬ hmkvXp-imkvX]-Imcw

"F√mw kqcy-\n-te°v A`n-apJw' F∂p ImWp-∂p.

AXm-bXv kzbw Idtß≠ kqcy\pw, kuc-bq-Y-

Ønse a‰p -K-l-ßfpw \£-X-ßfpw `qansb, \Ωsf

kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p. CXp a\- n-em°n CXn\v A\p-tbm-

Py-amb hn[-Øn-emWv \mw Pohn-t°-≠-Xv. AXn-\mbn

\ap°v tbmPn® hn[-Øn-ep≈ Krlw \n¿Ωn-°-Ww.

CXmWv hmkvXp-im-kvX-Øns‚ ][m-\-XXzw.

hmkvXp-im-kv-X-Øns‚ hnIm-k-L-´ß-fn-

te°v H∂v IS-∂p-sN-√mtam?

a\p-jy-cpsS Xe-ap-d-I-fm-bp≈ A\p-`-h-ß-fn¬

\n∂mWv hmkvXp-imkvXw DS-se-Sp-Ø-Xv. XpS¿∂v hf-

io. ImWn-∏-øq¿ IrjvW≥ \ºq-Xncnbpambn

\S-Ønb A`n-apJ kw`m-j-W-Øn¬\n∂v

sc-b-[nIw ]co-£Wßfn-eq-sSbpw \nco-£-W-ß-fn-eq-

sSbpw BWv hmkvXp-imkvXw hnI-kn-®-Xv. Cu

]co-£-W, \nco-£-W-ß-fpsS almtiJ-c-amWv

C∂sØ hmkvXp-im-kvX-K-Ÿ-ßƒ.

C∂v hf-sc-b-[nIw tIƒ°p∂ c≠v ]Z-ß-

fmWv hmkvXp-im-kvXhpw, X®p-im-kvXhpw. Xm¶-

fpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ Ch c≠pw H∂mtWm?

AsX, hmkvXp-im-kvX-Øns‚ Hcp D]-hn- m-K-ambn

X®p-im-kvXsØ IW-°m-°mw. hmkvXp-im-kvX-

⁄sc ÿ]-Xn, kqX-Km-ln, X£I≥, h¿≤In

F∂n-ßs\ \membn XcwXncn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn¬

ÿ]Xn ˛ apJy hmkvXp-hn-Zym-hn-Z-Kv[-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

πm\pw IW-°p-Ifpw a‰pw Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cp-∂Xv Ct±-

l-am-bn-cp-∂p. kqX-Kmln ˛ ÿ]XnbpsS \n¿t±-i-

ßsf A\p-k-cn®v Ah ]tbm-K-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-

∂-Xn\v ta¬t\m´w hln-°p∂ Bfm-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-

bXv C∂sØ kq∏¿sshk-dnepw Db¿∂ ]Z-hn-bp≈

Hcmƒ. X£-I-\pw, h¿≤Inbpw tPmen-°m-cpsS hn`m-

K-am-bn-cp∂p (ap-dn-°¬, \n¿Ωm-Ww, XpS-ßn-b-h). X£-

I\pw h¿≤-Inbpw \n¿Ωn®v D]-tbm-Kn-®ncp∂ IW-°p-

I-f -S -ßnb imkvX-im-J-bmWv C∂-sØ- X-®p -

im-kvXw.

Hmtcm ]tZiØn\\p-k-cn®v _n¬Unßv

sa‰o-cn-b¬ amdptam?

Xo¿®-bm-bpw, B ÿesØ \n¿ΩmW hkvXp-

°-fpsS e`y-Xsb Bi-bn-®m-W-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn

Xr»q-cnepw ]cn-k-cØpw kpe-`-amb sh´p-I√pw CjvSn-

Ibpw h≥tXm-Xn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ip´-

\mSv XpS-ßnb ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Krl-ß-fpsS Gdnb

]¶pw XSn-sIm-≠mWv \n¿Ωn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv Ipd-

™-Nnehn¬ B ]tZ-iØv e`y-amb _n¬Unßv sa‰o-

cn-b¬kv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p.

C∂v hf-sc-b-[nIw N¿®-sN-ø-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp

hnj-b-am-Wt√m tIm¨Io-‰ns‚ A\n-b-¥n-X-amb

D]-tbm-Kw. Xm¶-fpsS ImgvN-∏mSn¬ \ΩpsS Krl-

ANUJ RAMDAS S5 CE, JABEZ K. VARGHESE S5 CE,

RAKESH R. S5 CE, RAMESH K. S5 CE

32

\n¿ΩmW coXn°v tImÏo‰v A\p-tbm-Py -

amtWm?

Hcp Krlw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xns‚ ][m\ Dt±iyw

AXyp-jvW-Øn¬ \n∂pw AXn-ssi-Xy-Øn¬\n∂pw

tamN\w \¬IpI F∂-Xm-W-t√m. AXm-bXv ]pd-Øp-

\n-∂p≈ NqSpw XWp∏pw Krl-Øn-\p-≈n-te°v "Trans-mit' sNø-cp-Xv. Cu Dt±-iy-Øn-em-Wv hoSp-Iƒ ]≠pIm-

eØv "Plaster' sNøm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ "Concrete'NqSv "Transmit' sNøp-∂p. X∑qew tImÏo‰v hoSp-I-

fn¬ NqSv hf-sc-b-[n-I-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p Xs∂

tImÏo‰v \ΩpsS ]cn-ÿn-Xn-°n-W-ßn-b-X-√.

Materials amdp-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®v hmkvXp-

imkvXw amdp-∂pt≠m?

C√. hmkvXp-hn-Zy-]-Imcw "Material' GXp-X-s∂-

bm-bmepw Af-hp-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn-®mWv Krl-\n¿ΩmWw

\S-Øp-∂-Xv. Cu Af-hp-Iƒ Db-cw, Np‰-fhv XpS-ßn-b-

h-bm-Wv.

Krl-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v Np‰-f-hp-t]m-se-Xs∂

Db-c-Øn\pw ]m[m\yw Ds≠∂v tIń-´p-≠v. CXp

icn-bmtWm?

AsX. Np‰-fhv IW-°m-°p-tºmƒ \mw B hkvXp-

hns‚ F√m hihpw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Nph-cp-

I-fpsS Db-c- A-f-hp-Iƒ tN¿Øp In´p-∂Xpw as‰mcp

Np‰-f-hm-Wv. AXm-bXv Nph-cns‚ Dbcw IqSpw-tXmdpw

Np‰-fhpw IqSpw. hmkvXp -im-kvX-]-Imcw Hcp

KrlsØ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂Xv ]©-`q-X-ß-fm-Wv. (`q-an,

Pew, A·n, hmbp, BIm-iw) Ch-bn-tem-tcm-∂n\pw

Ia-Øn¬ 3 3/4 tIm¬ hoXw Dbcw \nP-s∏-S-Øn-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. Krl-\n¿ΩmW ka-bØv Krl-Øns‚ Dbcw

A·n-bn-tem, Pe-Øntem \n¿Øm≥ ]mSn-√. AXv

tZmj-am-Wv. CsXm-gn-hm-°m≥ Dbcw Ipd®v Iq´-Ww.

F√m-Øcw _n¬Un-ßp-I-fnepw CXv D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.

World Trade Centre XI-cm-\p-≠mb Imc-W-

sØ-°p-dn®v hmkvXp-hn-Zym-]-c-

ambn Xm¶ƒ \S-Ønb Is≠-

Ø-ep-Iƒ H∂v hni-Zo -I-cn -

°mtam?

apI-fn¬ ]d™ Db-c-]-cn[n

AhnsS ]men-®n-cp-∂n-√. (\n¿am-

Ww A·n-bn¬ Ah-km-\n-®p.)

c≠m-a -Xmbn hmkvXp -hn -Zym -

]-Imcw Hcp ÿesØ \mev

JWvU-ß-fmbn (Nn-Xw1) Xncn-

®m¬ hoSp \n¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xv. sX. ]Sn-™m-dv. h. Ing°v

JWvU-ß-fn-em-Wv. Diagonal"BD' arXypkqXw F∂-dn-

b-s∏-Sp∂p. CXv IS∂p t]mIp∂ JWvU-ß-fn¬ Krlw

\n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xv A\p-tbm-Py-a-√. World Trade CentrebpsS "Alignment' 2˛4 JWvU-ß-fn-em-bn-cp-∂p. CXpw

AXns‚ \mi-Øn\v Imc-W-am-bn.

C∂v 2˛5 sk‚p-I-fn¬ hoSp-Iƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw

\n¿Ωn®p hcp-I-bm-W-t√m, CØcw hoSp-I-fn¬

hmkvXp Fßs\ D]-tbm-Kn°mw?

sNdnb ÿe-sØ "Square plot' B°n arXyp-

kqXw IW-°m-°p-tºmƒ, henb ÿesØ At]-

£n®v AXv Xosc sNdpXv (Negligible) Bbn-cn-°pw.

AXn-\m¬ B ÿe-Øns‚ a≤y`m-KØv hoSns‚

a≤yw (Centre of gravity) hcm-Ø--hÆw Krlw \n¿Ωn-

°mw.

`nØn \n¿ΩmWØn¬ hmkvXp tZmj-ßƒ

Fßs\ ]cn-l-cn°mw?

KrlØns‚ a≤y-`m -KØv

`nØn h∂m¬ AXv imkvX-]-

Imcw tZmjw D≠m-Ipw. AXv ]cn-

l-cn-°m-\m-bn, `nØn s]mfn®p

am‰msX GsX-¶nepw hiØv

sNdnb "Projection' \¬Imw.

Cßs\ sNøpI hgn Np‰-fhpw,

a≤yhpw hyXy-ÿ-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

]≠v ivaim\w D≠m-bn-cp∂ ÿeØv hoSp

\n¿Ωn-®m¬ tZmj-ap-t≠m?

D≠v, hmkvXp-im-kvX-]-Imcw hoSp ]Wn-bp∂

ÿeØv F√v D≠m-Ip-hm≥ ]mSn-√.

km[m-c -W-°m¿°v hmkvXp -im -kv Xw

s]mXpsh Kln-°m≥ _p≤n-ap -´m-Wt√m. CXv

km[m-c-W-°m¿°p-IqSn a\- n-em-I-Ø° coXn-

bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂ KŸ-ß-fpt≠m?

km[mcW°m¿°v a\- n-em-°m≥ hnj-aap≈

`mj-bn-emWv hmkvXpimkvX-K-Ÿ-ßsfgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈-

Xv. Fs‚ A—s‚ A—s‚ A\p-P≥ "ImWn-∏-øq¿i¶-c≥ \ºq-Xncn-cn-∏mSv' hmkvXp-hn-Zym-hn-Z-Kv≤-s\∂\ne-bn¬ hfsc Ign-hp-sX-fn-bn® Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p.At±lw 19-˛-Hmfw hmkvXp-hn-Zym-K-Ÿ-ßƒ "refer'sNbvXv a\p-jy-cm-in°v ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp∂ ]am-W-ßƒamXw tN¿Øv hni-Z-amb "illustrations' Dƒs°m-≈n®vXøm-dm-°nb KŸ-amWv "a\p-jym-eb NµnI'.

]≠p≠mbn-cp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambnCu ]pXnb ImeØv hmkvXp -im -kvX -Øn\v]m[m\yw IqSp-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂pt≠m?

Aßns\ ]d-bm≥ ]‰n-√. ImcWw H∂v, Kma-ßƒtIµo-I-cn®p \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ aqØm»mcn k¶ev]wC√m-Xm-bn. AXp-t]mseØs∂ Iq´p-Ip-Spw-_-hy-h-ÿnXn amdn AWp-Ip-Spw-_-am-bn, P\-kw-Jy-bnepwh¿≤-\-hp-≠m-bn. Ch-sc√mw kzm`mhn-I-ambpw Bh-iy-°m-cp-am-bn.

Krl-Øn\pNp‰pw hcm-hp∂ hr£-ß-sf-°p-

dn®p ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ßƒ°v B[mcw?

AXv, Hmtcm achpw Fßs\ Krl-Ønse A[n-

hm-ksØ kzm[o-\n-°p∂p F∂p h®m-Wv. `qan-bnse

SW

NE

C

B A

D

2 1

43

G1 G2

33

Hmtcm-∂n\pw kzm[o-\-i‡n ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bmhmw ]≠v B \nK-a-\-Øn¬ FØn-t®¿∂-Xv.

s]m∂p-Im-bv°p∂ hr£-am-bmepw Krl-Øn\v ASp-Øp-

h-bv°-cpXv F∂ \n_-‘-\-Ifpw D≠v. Krl-Øn\v apI-

fn¬ hog-cpXv, AXp-Xs∂.

hmkvXp ]Imcw Krlw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xns‚

]m[m\yw?

][m-\-ambpw hkn-°p-∂-h¿°v Bbp-cm-tcm-Ky-

kuJyw D≠mIpw F∂-Xm-Wv. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-

™m¬ A-im-kvXob \n¿Ωn-Xn-Iƒ aqew Nne tZmj-

ßƒ \mw hnfn-®p-h-cp-Øp-∂p.

ASp-°f Ing-°p-`m-K-Øp-Xs∂ hc-W-sa∂

\n_-‘\ Dt≠m?

C√, Ings° wing˛tem, hSt° wing-˛tem thW-

sat∂ D≈q. \ap°v choice D≠v, ]tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn®v

AsX-ßns\ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p∂p F∂-Xn-emWv Imcyw

Civil Engineering˛ F∂ CX henb Hcp

imkvX-sØ-°p-dn®v, AXns‚ Dev]-Øn-°p-Im-c-W-

am-bn-cp∂ ASn-ÿm\ Imc-Wßsf°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-

hn-√msX As√-¶n¬ ASn-ÿm-\-an-√m-sX-bmWvengg. hnZym¿∞nIƒ ]Tn-®p-t]m-hp-∂Xv F∂v Aßv

Icp-Xp-∂pt≠m?

AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v College˛¬ ]Tn-

∏n-®n-cps∂¶n¬ Aev]w IqSn Bg-Øn-tebv°v Nn¥n-

°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. \n¿Ωm-Ww Ft∏mgpw `qan-bn¬Xs∂

Bbn-cn-°-Ww. Fhn-sSbpw qan-bn¬ amf-ßƒ D≠m°n

kzc£ t\Sp∂ Pohn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw \ap-°p≈ Hcp

hyXymkw \map-≠m-°p∂ Krl-ß-fpsS LS-\m-]-c-amb

hyXymkw amX-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Hmtcm ]tZ-

i-ß-fnepw Ahn-S∂v e`y-am-Ip∂ material D]-tbm-Kn®v

hoSp-]-Wn-bp-tºmƒ AXp `qan-bpsS Xs∂ `mK-ambn

Xocp-∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv ]mtZ-in-I-amb \n¿-ΩmW

kmaKn-I-fpsS ]m[m\yw. C∂v CsXm∂pw Nn¥n-°m≥

Ah-k-c-an-√. ]t£ tImgnt°-mSv Regional Engg.College ¬ Ah-km\ h¿jw Hcp t]∏dmbn

hmkvXpimkvXw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp-t]m-se-

Xs∂ Bd-∑pf hmkvXp-hn-Zym-Kp-cp-Ip-e-Øn¬

F≥Pn-\o-b¿am¿°v th≠n Refresher Course\S-Øp-∂p-≠v.

hmkvXp-hn-Zym-]-Im-c-ap≈ Xm¶-fpsS

][m\ s]mP-IvSp-Iƒ GsXm-s°-bmWv?

sIm®n A¥mcmjvShn-am-\-Ømhfw ˛ s\Sp-

ºm-t»cn loc-hm-kvXp-Km-aw˛ Fd-Wm-Ipfw,

temI-Ønse G‰hpw henb _n¬Unw-Kv - NoidaCity Centre - 160 floors (CXns‚ ]Wn ]ptcm-K-

an-°p-∂p).

k¿, Rßƒ Cu h¿jw ]Im-i\w

sNøm-\p -t± -in -°p∂ amK- ns‚ t]cv

""AkvXnXz'' F∂m-Wv. AXn -te -°mbn

Xm¶fpsS ktµiw F¥mWv?

\mw \ΩpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I. AXn¬

\n∂m-Wt√m a\p-jy≥ Db-cp-∂Xv. AXv th≠ hn[-

Øn-em°n Xo¿°-emWv ][m\w. AXn\v \aps°mcp

Intuition D≠m-h-Ww. ]Ir-Xn-tbmSv ]m¿∞n-°p-I.

]g-b-im-kvX-ß-fpsS A¥-k-Ø-I-sf√mw AXp-

t]mse ]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS Z¿i-\-ß-fm-Wv, AXv

Dƒs°m≠v \oßp-I.

bphm-°-fmb F≥Pn-\o-b¿am-tcm-Sp≈ Aß-

bpsS D]-tZiw?

`qan°v \ne-\nev]v thW-sa-¶n¬ ]Ir-Xn-°-\p-tbm-

Py-amb \o°-amWv th≠-Xv. AXv GXp- im-kvX-am-

bmepw \nßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-tºmƒ B coXn sIm≠v

a\pjy¿°pw ]Ir-Xn°pw Hcp-t]mse KpWw D≠m-h-

Ww. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ]g-b-Im-eØv AXn-\p-hn-cp-≤-

ambn sNøp -tºmƒ AXp sNøp -∂-h¿°p -IqSn

AXns‚ tZmjw Ds≠∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ

Ah-cXv sNøn-√.

imkvX-ßƒ XΩn¬ tbmPn-∏n®p qan-bnse Bhm-

k-hy-h-ÿ-bv°n-W-ßp∂ coXn-Iƒ \Ωƒ kzoI-cn-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv. \nßƒ bphm-°-fn-emWv F√m-h¿°pw ]Xo-

£. ]pXnb -h-gnIfn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-∂-h-cmWv bphm-

°ƒ. F∂m¬ C∂v ]pXn-b -hgnIfn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-

Ibpw ]g-b-Xn-te°v Gsd i≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

AsXmcp \√ e£-W-ambn Rm≥ ImWp-∂p. AXn\p

tIm´w X´msX kq£n -®m¬ \ΩpsS `qansb

CXpt]mse Xs∂ \ap-s°s∂∂pw \ne-\n¿Ømw.

34

C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥ F∂ imkvX-im-J-bpsS ]T\w

]q¿Æ-am-hp-∂Xv CXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ b¥-ß-fpw, D]-

I-c -W-ßfpw a‰pw t\cn´v ImWp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS

]h¿Ø\w hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-

eq-sS-bm-Wv. C≥kvSsa-t‚-j\p-ambn _‘-s∏´ D]-I-c-

W-ßƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ A]q¿∆w Nne ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬am-

Xta \ap°p ImWm≥ km[n°q. AXn-\m¬Xs∂ Ah-

sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\w A]m-]y-amWv F∂v tXm∂n-Øp-S-

ßnb Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv tIc-f- Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-

im-e-bpsS Iogn-ep≈ C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥ hn`mKw Rß-

fpsS i≤sb BI¿jn-®-Xv.

Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bpsS A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈

tImtfPv Hm v sh‰-dn\dn B‚ v A\n-a¬ kb≥kknse

C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥ hn`mKw ta[mhn s]m^. ]n.-B¿. Nµ-

ti-J-c≥\m-b¿ Rß-fpsS A`y¿∞\ am\n®v Rß-fp-

ambn Hcp A`n -ap -J-Øn\v k∂-≤X ]I-Sn -∏n®p.

At±-l-tØmSv Rßƒ tNmZn-®-dn™ Nne ][m-\-s∏´

Imcy-ß-fmWv C\n Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e C≥kvSsa-t‚-j\pambn

Fßns\ _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p?

Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn-ep-≈Xv C≥kvSsa-t‚-

js‚ D]-im-J-I-fmb A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kvSsa-t‚-

j\pw, _tbm-sa-Un-°¬ C≥kvSsa-t‚-j-\pamWv.

CXn¬Øs∂ ][m -\ -ambpw A\-e -‰ n -°¬

C≥kvSsa-t‚-j-\p-ambn _‘-s∏´ D]-I-c-W-ß-

fmWv Chn-sS-bp-≈-Xv.

F¥mWv A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥?

A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥ F∂Xv hnhn-[-Xcw

hkvXp°fpsS LS-\-bpw, Ah-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-

°p∂ a‰p ]e ]Zm¿∞-ßsf I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw

Ahsb th¿Xn-cn-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]In-b-

Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ ]T-\-im-J-bm-Wv. ck-X-¥-hp-ambn

hf-sc-b-[nIw _‘-ap≈ Hcp imkvX-im-J-bmWv

CXv.

Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬ A\-e-‰n-°¬

C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥ F¥n-\mWv?

Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bnse ][m\ LS-I-ß-

fmWv aÆv, kky-ßƒ, hf¿Øp-ar-K-ßƒ XpS-ßn-

bh. Ch-bpsS ]cn-tim-[-\bv°pw, ]T-\-ßƒ°pw

th≠n-bmWv A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kvS-a-t‚-j≥ ]co-

£-W-ime D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.-

A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥ at‰-sXms°

imkvX-ß-fpsS klm-b-tØm-sS-bmWv \ne-sIm-

≈p-∂Xv?

A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kvS-a-t‚-j≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂

b¥-ßfpw D]-I-c-W-ßfpw an°-hbpw kvs]IvtSm-

kvtIm-]nbpsSbpw kvt]IvtSmt^mt´m-sa-Sn-bp-

sSbpw ASn -ÿm\ XXz -ßsf B[m-c -am°n

]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.

A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kvSsa-t‚-j≥ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ

kvs]IvtSm -kvtIm-]n -bp -sSbpw kvs]IvtSm

t^mt´m-saSn-bp-sSbpw XXz-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am°n

]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂v kqNn-∏n-®p-h-t√m.

F¥mWv kvs]IvtSm-kvtIm∏n?

Hcp hkvXp ]Im-i-Øn-t\mtSm a‰p Inc-W-ß-tfmtSm

s]cp-am-dp∂ coXn-Isf Bkv]-Z-am°n B hkvXp-

hn-s\-°p-dn -®p≈ ]T-\-sØ-bmWv kvs]-IvtSm-

kvtIm∏n F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

]co-£-W-im-e-bnse D]-I-c-W-ßƒ ]cn-N-b-

s∏-Sp-Ømtam?

1. BZy-ambn ªUv A\-sse-k¿, a\p-jy-s‚bpw

CX-c-Po-hn -I-fp -tSbpw c‡sØ hf-sc-b-[nIw

kq£va-ambn ]Tn-°p-hm-\p≈ D]-I-c-W-amWv CXv.

CXns‚ klm-b-tØmsS c‡-Ønse cmk-]-

Zm¿∞-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hy‡-amb Hcp [mcW \ap°v

e`n-°p-∂p. ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ kmt¶-XnI

PROFPROFPROFPROFPROF. P. P. P. P. P.R.R.R.R.R. CHANDRASHEKHARAN NAIR. CHANDRASHEKHARAN NAIR. CHANDRASHEKHARAN NAIR. CHANDRASHEKHARAN NAIR. CHANDRASHEKHARAN NAIRHead of Department, InstrumentationHead of Department, InstrumentationHead of Department, InstrumentationHead of Department, InstrumentationHead of Department, InstrumentationCollege of VCollege of VCollege of VCollege of VCollege of Veterinary and Animal Scienceseterinary and Animal Scienceseterinary and Animal Scienceseterinary and Animal Scienceseterinary and Animal SciencesMannuthyMannuthyMannuthyMannuthyMannuthy

ARJUN SANKAR S5 AE, DEEPAK K. V. S5 AE,

ACME FRANCIS S5 AE, MOHAMMED AFSAL S3 AE

35

hnZy, c‡-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ

hnZyp-XvIm-¥nI Xcw-K-ß-tfmSv Fßns\ ]Xn-I-

cn -°p∂p F∂ ]T-\sØ Bkv]-Z-am°n c‡-

Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ LS-I-ßsf Is≠-Øp-

Ibpw Ahsb th¿Xn-cn-s®-SpØv IqSp-X¬ ]T-\-

ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

2. ASp-Ø-Xmbn sPs\-knkv kvs]IvtSm-ao-‰¿

F∂ D]-I-c-W-am-Wv. Cu D]-I-cWw Hcp hkvXp-

hn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ X∑m-X-Isf I≠p-]n-Sn-

°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

Cu D]-I-cWw c≠p Xc-ap -≠v. H∂v knwKnƒ

_oapw as‰m∂v U_nƒ _oapw. knwKnƒ _oan¬

]co-£-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°p∂ hkvXp Hcp emb-

I-Øn¬ ebn-∏n -®-Xn\p tij-amWv ]co-£-W-

Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°p-∂Xv F∂m¬ U_nƒ _oan¬

emb-I-hpw- h-kvXphpw c≠pw c≠m-bn-Øs∂ h®p-

sIm-≠mWv ]co-£Ww \S-Øp-∂-Xv.

Cu D]-I-c-W-Øns‚ as‰mcp ]tXy-I-X-sb∂p

]d-bp-∂Xv CXn¬ LSn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]n‚¿

]co-£W-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-°nb hkvXp-hns‚

Ãm≥tU¿Uv I¿hp-Iƒ ]n‚ v sNbvXp Xcp-∂p.

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ I¿hp-Iƒ a\p-jy≥ hc-bv°p-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv hf-sc-b-[nIw ia-I-c -amb

tPmen-bm-Wv.

3. ASp-ØXv t^mdn-b¿ Sm≥kt^mw I R kvs]IvtSm

ao‰-dm-Wv. CXn¬ a‰p-]-I-c-W-ß-fn¬\n∂pw hyXy-

kvX-ambn Lc, Zmh-I, hmXI ]Zm¿∞-ß-sf-√mw-

Xs∂ ]co-£-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°m\pw ]Tn-°p-

hm\pw km[n-°p-∂p.

I R Xcw-K-ßƒ°v Du¿÷w Ipd-hm-b-Xp-Im-cWw

Ah IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ ]Zm¿∞-ß-fnse Ce-IvtSm-

Wp-Isf Db¿∂ Du¿÷-ap≈ Xe-ß-fn -te°v

FØn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√, adn®v Ce-IvtSm-Wp-

Iƒ°v hnhn -[ -Xcw ÿm\-`w -i-ßƒ kw`hn -

°p∂p. Ah Xncn-bp-I-bpw, hnd-bv°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. Ce-IvtSm-Wp-I-fpsS CØcw kz`m-h-ß-fn¬

\n∂pw X∑m-X-tb-XmsW∂v Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ km[n-

°p-∂p. aÆv ]cn-tim-[-\-bv°mWv ][m-\-ambpw

Cu D]-I-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.

Cu D]-I-c-W-tØmSv LSn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ Iºyq-´¿,

]co-£-W-Øns‚ ^e-ßsf hfsc hne-Iq-Snb

tkm^v‰vshb-dp-I-fpsS klm-b-Øm¬ A]-K-Yn®v

t^mdn-b¿ Sm≥kvt^mw D]-tbm-Kn®v Km^p-Iƒ

hc-bv°p-Ibpw ]n‚¿ hgn ]pd-tØ°v e`y-am-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

4. ASpØ D]-I-c-Ww UV kvs]IvtSmao-‰¿ BWv.

t^mdn-b¿ Sm≥kvt^mw I R kvs]IvtSmao‰-dns\

At]-£n®v Cu D]-I-c-W-Øn\v IrXyX Ipd-hm-

sW-¶n-epw, D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\p≈ kuI-cyhpw Ffp-

∏hpw IW-°n-se-SpØv C∂v CXv [mcm-f-ambn D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Zmh-I-ßƒ amXta Cu D]-Ic-W-

Øn¬ ]co-£-Whn-t[-b-am-°m≥ Ign-bq. UV Xcw-

K-ßƒ°v I R Xcw-K-ßsf°mƒ Du¿÷w IqSp-X-

em-bp-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Ah-km\ Hm¿_n-‰nse Ce-

IvtSm-Wp-Isf Db¿∂ Du¿÷-ap≈ Xe-ß-fn-te-

s°-Øn-°m≥ UV Xcw-K-ßƒ Hcp ]Zm¿∞-Øn-

eqsS IS-Øn-hn-SpI hgn km[n-°p-∂p. CØ-c-

Øn¬ B¿÷n® A[nI Du¿÷w

CeIvtSmWpIƒ ]pd-tØ°v hnSp∂ tXmXns\

B[m-c-am°n X∑m-X-Isf Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw km[n-

°p-∂p.

]®-a-cp-∂p-Ifpw ]®n-e-Ifpw a‰pw CØ-c-Øn¬ ]T-

\-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-°pI hgn Ah `£-W-tbm-Ky-

amtWm F∂-dn-bm≥ km[n-°p-∂p.

5. ASp-Ø-Xmbn sP¬ tUmIyp-sa-t‚-j≥ knÃw

]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ømw. Cu D]-I-cWw sIm≠v Hcp

hkvXp-hn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ X∑m-X-Isf th¿Xn-cn-

°m\pw sP√ns‚ km∂n≤yw Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw km[n-

°p -∂p. CXn¬ LSn -∏n -®n -c n -°p∂ Iymad

hkvXphns‚ NnXw FSp-°p-Ibpw Cu NnXw

ssatIm-t]m-k-kdpw Iºyq-´dpw tN¿∂v A]-K-Yn®v

X∑m-X-Iƒ th¿Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sP¬ Xncn-®-dn-bp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

6. Ah-km-\-ambn AƒSmssl sk≥Sn-^yqPv ]cn-

N-b-s∏-Sp-Ømw. Cu D]-I-c-W-Øn-\p-≈n¬ h®v

]Zm¿∞sØ Db¿∂ thK-X-bn¬ Id-°p-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂-Xv. Cu ]In-b-bn-eqsS skUn-sa-t‚-j≥

kw`-hn-°p-∂p. skUn-sa-t‚-js‚ `mK-ambn e`n®

]Zm¿∞-ßsf kq£va ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v hnt[-b-

am-°p-∂p. Cu D]-I-cWw hfsc A]-I-S-Im-cn-bm-

Wv. IrXy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-\-dn-bm-hp∂ Hcmsf

amXta Cu D]-I-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-

°p-I-bp-≈q. ImcWw ]h¿Ø\-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Hcp

a¨Xcn CXn¬\n∂pw ]pd -tØ°p h∂m¬

AXn\v shSn-bp-≠-tb-°mƒ thK-Xbpw Db¿∂

Du¿÷-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

]pdØv Kth-jW hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ ]co-£-W-

im-e-bn-te°p ]th-in-°m≥ ImØp \n¬°p∂p

Rßƒ°v A\p-h-Zn® kabw Xo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

At±-l-tØmSv Rß-fpsS \µnbpw IS-∏mSpw tcJ-

s∏-SpØn ]co-£-W-im-e-bn¬\n∂p Rßƒ ]pd-

Øn-d-ßn. ]IrXn `wKn-bm-epw, A¥-co-£-Øns‚

im¥-X-bmepw sh‰dn-\-dn- tIm-tfPv Iymº-kn-eq-

sS-bp≈ k©mcw hfsc BkzmZy-am-bn-cp∂p.

Ipsd-b-[nIw t^mt´m-Ifpw FSpØv Rßƒ B

Iem-e-b-tØmSp hnS ]d-™p.

36

1985 ¬ BZ-c-Wo-b-\mb io. kn. A®p-X-ta-t\m-

s‚-bpw, tUm. Sn. B¿. Nµ-Z-Øn-s‚-bpw, tUm.

sI. F≥. cmP-s‚-bpw, temdn-s_-°-dp-sSbpw Iq´mb

]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn cq]w sIm≠

"COSTFORD' AYhm "Centre Of Science andTechnology For Rural Development' F∂ kwL-S\

]ptcm-K-a-\-hm-Zn-I-fmb ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS Nn¥Itfbpw

Pohn-X-ssi-en-tbbpw Hcp-t]mse kzm[o-\n-®, Ct∏mgpw

kzm[o\n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp-]mSp Bi-b-ß-fpsS

hnf-\n-e-am-Wv. kwL-S\ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-SpØ _Z¬

kmt¶--XnI hnZy ]cs° ]Nmcw t\Sn-bn-´p≠v.

tUm. Sn. B¿. Nµ-Z-Øp-ambn \S-Ønb Hcp A`n-

ap-J-kw-`m-j-W-Øns‚ ]kv‡-`m-KßfmWv Xmsg

sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xv.

k¿, tImÃvt^m¿Uv F∂ kwLS-\-bpsS

cq]n-I-c-W-Øn\p tlXp-hmb ]›m-Øew F¥m-

bn-cp∂p?

"Appropriate Technology for Rural Development'F∂ hnj-bsØ Bkv]-Z-am°n \S∂ Hcp hnZym- ymk

]Z¿i\w ImWm≥ FØn-b-h-cn¬\n∂v e`n® ]Xn-

I-c-WsØ Bkv]-Z-am°n \S-Ønb At\z-j-W-ß-fn¬

\n∂v cq]w sIm≠-XmWv tImÃvt^m¿Uv.

kwL-S-\-bpsS BZy-Ime ]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-

°p-dn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-°mtam?

B[p-\nI imkvX-km-t¶-XnI hnZy-I-sfbpw ]pcm-

X\ kº-Zm-b-ß-sfbpw tN¿Øn-W-°n-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp

_Z¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy°v cq]w sImSp-°pI, AXp-hgn

Pt\m-]-tbm-K-]-Z-am-b, ]Ir-Xn-tbmSv CW-ßp∂ Hcp

]pØ≥ Pohn-X-ssi-en°v XpS°w Ipdn-°pI F∂

Dt±iyw h®p-sIm-≠mWv Rßƒ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

Bcw-`n-®-Xv. ]Xn-^-te—tbmSp-IqSn ]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏-

ń´p≈ \ne-hn-ep≈ kº-Zm-b-ßƒ aqew D≠mb Kma-

-\-Kc A¥-chpw kvXo -]p-cp-j-t -Z-hpw, kaq-l-Øns‚

KXn-hn-K-Xn-Isf kmc-ambn kzm[o-\n-°m≥ X° Icp-

Øm¿÷n-®n-cn -°p-∂p. Rßƒ ]n¥p-S-cp-∂ coXn

(1) ]iv\-ßsf Xncn -®-dn -bpI ( Identification),(2) AXn\p ]nd-In-ep≈ hkvXp-X-Isf NnIs™SpØp

tNmZyw sNøpI (Interpretation), (3) Imem-\p-kr-X-ambn

Ahbv°p am‰-ßƒ hcp-tØ-≠-Xpt≠m F∂p ]cn-tim-

[n-°p-I, Ds≠∂v ImWp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AsX-ßs\

F∂p Is≠-ØpI (Innovation).

Hcp DZm-l-cWw?

]mtZ-in-I-ambn e`y-amb hkvXp-°-fp-]-tbm-Kn-

®psIm≠p≈ "Corehouse' (k¿°m¿ A\p-h-Zn-®n- p≈

Rs. 6000/- sIm≠v) \n¿Ωm-Ww. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, Xr»q¿

Pn√-bn¬ kpe-`-am-bn-´p≈ aÆn¬, IcnHmbnepw bqdn-

b-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ Nne [mXp-°fpw tN¿Øm¬

NnX-em-I-a-WsØ sNdp-°p∂Xpw aÆns‚ _e-°p-

d-hns\ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂Xpw Bb Hcp \n¿ΩmW hkvXp-

hm-Ipw. Ccp-\q-tdmfw "sUsam' bqWn-‰p-Iƒ ]e-ÿ-

e-ß-fn-embn Hcp-°n.

`mc -X -Øn¬ \ne-hn -ep≈ \n¿ΩmW

coXnbpw _Z¬ kmt¶-XnI hnZybpw XΩn-ep≈

A¥-c-sa-¥mWv?

\ne-hn-ep≈ \n¿ΩmW coXn-bn¬ ]mgvsN-e-hp-Iƒ

[mcm-f-ap-≠v. \n¿Ωn-°m≥ Ah-ew-_n-°p∂ IS tImUp-

Iƒ F√m ]tZ-i-ß-tfbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-sIm-≠p≈

icm-i-cn-bn¬\n∂v cq]w sIm≠-h-bm-Wv. F∂m¬

_Z¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy ]tZ-i-ß-fpsS ùa-]-cn -

ÿnXnI ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-am-bn-´mWv \n¿Ωm-

W-coXn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn ASn-Ød

H‰ \ne-sI-ń-S-Øn\v "Corrogated'11.43cm (4 1/2'')`nØn-bpw, c≠p \ne-sI- n-S-Øn\v "Combination mortar'

˛ H c p B a p J w

RENUKA C. S. S3 CE, SUJITH P. S. S3 CE

ASVATHY HARINARAYANAN S3 CE

io. Sn. B¿. Nµ-Z-Øp-ambn Hcp A`n-apJw

37

(Np-Æm-ºv, kna‚ v, aW¬) D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠p≈

"rat-trap bonding'˛Dw(22.86 cm thickness) BWv \¬Im-

dp-≈-Xv. Plastering˛\p ]Icw "patch-painting'˛Dw kzIm-

cy-Xbv°p ]m[m-\y-an-√mØ ÿe-ßfn¬ P\-ep-

Iƒ°p ]Icw "Brick Jali'bpamWv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dv.

D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-amb "MP-tile' sIm≠p≈ filler-slabBWv ta¬°q-cbv°v sImSp-°m-dp-≈-Xv. Ipfn-ap-dn-bpsS

Xd-bnepw Npa-cnepw sImSp-°p-∂Xv "waste marblechips'˛Hm "traditional marble finish'˛Hm BWv. hoSn-

t\mSv A\p-_-‘n®v "Leach toilet'˛Dw "Compost pit'˛Dw

\n¿Ωn-°m-dp-≠v. ]pdsa°p≈ hmXn-ep-Iƒ amXsa

Dd-t∏-dn-b-Xm-°m-dp-≈p. ap‰hpw ]cn-k-chpw tImÏo-

‰v sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw, "drip irrigation' hym]n-∏n-°p-

∂-Xn\pw Bb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v tImÃvt^m¿Uv

t]m’m-l\w \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. aW¬hm-c¬ Ipd-bv°m≥

Costford M-sand s‚ D]-tbm-KsØ ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

]q¥p-d, A´-∏m-Sn, X¶-t»cn, sN¶¬Nqf

F∂o ]p\x-c-[n-hmk ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS Bhn-jvI-cW

thf-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn® \qX-\-hn-Zy-Iƒ Fs¥-√m-am-

bn-cp∂p?

]q¥p-d-bnse `h-\-ßƒ hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn-ep-≈Xpw

Im‰ns‚ KXn-°-\p-kr-X-ambn P\-ep-Ifpw hmXn-ep-Ifpw

sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ sNdnb

tXmXn-ep≈ ]IrXn t£m`-ßsf Chbv°p ]Xn-tcm-

[n-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xmbn Imew sXfn-bn-®n-´p -≠v.

F∂m¬ A´-∏m-Sn-bn¬ `h-\-ß-fpsS \n¿ΩmW coXn-

bnepw LS-\-bnepw hyXym-k-ap-≠v. sN¶¬Nq-f-bn¬

aq∂p-\n-e-Ifp≈ sIń-S-ß-fmWv \n¿Ωn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.

AhnsS ASn-Ø-d-bnepw ]mc-∏-‰n-epw, NnX-em-I-a-

WsØ sNdp-°m≥ Icn-Hm-bn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v.

X¶t»-cn-bn¬ "Surface beam'˛Dw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p≠v.

Beam˛\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv sXßns‚ XSnbpw

apf-bp-am-Wv.

_lp-\nesIń-S-\n¿ΩmW taJ-e-bn¬

\n∂pw tImÃvt^m¿Uv hn´p-\n¬°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Imc-

W-sa-¥mWv?

aq∂p \ne-I-fn¬ IqSp-X-ep≈ sIń-S-ß-fn¬

"Vertical Transportation' Bbn en^v‰v Bh-iy-ambn

hcpw. en^v‰v ÿm]n-°p-∂Xv hfsc Nne-th-dnb Imcy-

am-Wv.

H‰ t\m´-Øn¬ tImÃvt^m¿Uv \n¿ΩnX

sIń-S-ßsf a‰p sIń-S-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw thdn´p

\n¿Øp-∂-sX-¥mWv?

AXns‚ A\-\y-Xbpw X∑-b-Xzhpw.

sIń-S-ß-fpsS Cu A\-\y-Xbpw X\n-abpw

\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn tImÃvt^m¿Uv Ah-ew-_n-°p∂ am¿§-ß-sf-s¥-√m-amWv?

Bh-iy-°m-cpsS CjvSw, AX-\p-k-cn®v Ah-cpsS

PohnX coXn-Iƒ°pw Z¿i-\-ßƒ°pw A\p-Kp-W-amb

coXn-bn¬ cq]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°pw. \n¿Ωm-W-Øns‚

Hmtcm L´-ß-fnepw DS-a-ÿs‚ ]q¿Æ ]¶m-fnØw

Rßƒ i-Tn-°m-dp-≠v. \n¿Ωm-W-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬

G¿s∏-ń-´p≈ ]Wn-°m-cpsS B¿÷n-X-⁄m\sØ

]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-dp-≠v. \n¿Ωm-W-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬

A©p]Wn-°m-cp-s≠-¶n¬ Bdm-a-\mbn ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂Xv F©n-\o-b-dm-Wv. ]Wn-°m-cpsS know-how Dw

F©n-\o-b-dpsS know-why Dw tN¿Øn-W-°n-sIm-≠p≈

Iq´mb ]h¿Ø\w KpW-ta-∑sb \ne-\n¿Øm≥

klm-bn-°p-∂p.

tImÃvt^m¿Uns‚ kmaq-ly-tk-h-\-ß-sf-

s¥-√m-amWv?

(a) Advocacy

(b) Empowering poor communities

(c) Research

(d) Local level development and planning

(e) Multidisciplinary technical support teams

(f) Transfer of technology

(g) Human resource development

(h) Studies and dissemination of information

(i) Training to masons, students and professionalsin appropriate building technology

ktµiw

At\z-jWw XpS-cp-I. _Z¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy Hcp

H‰-aq-en-b-√. P\-ßƒs°m-∏w, P\ßƒ°pth-≠n, P\-

ß-fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn, Ah-cpsS ]iv\-ßsf kz¥w ]iv\-

ambn I≠v ]Ir-Xnsb s\mº-c-s∏-Sp-ØmsX Ah ]cn-

l-cn -°m≥ \nßƒ B¿÷n-°p∂ kmt¶-XnI

]cn⁄m\w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. \nß-fpsS ]T\w Hcp

]tXy-I-im-J-bn¬ amX-ambn HXp°n \n¿Øm-Xn-cn-

°p-I, kmaq-lnI ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn

XocpI, Hcp ]pXnb Pohn-X-coXn I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ ian-

°p-I.

""Instead of being civil engineers alonetry to become social engineers ''.

38

SirSirSirSirSir, could you kindly give us an account, could you kindly give us an account, could you kindly give us an account, could you kindly give us an account, could you kindly give us an accountabout Pabout Pabout Pabout Pabout Pracoss and the idea behind it?racoss and the idea behind it?racoss and the idea behind it?racoss and the idea behind it?racoss and the idea behind it?

PPPPPracoss Tracoss Tracoss Tracoss Tracoss Technologies Pvt. Ltd.echnologies Pvt. Ltd.echnologies Pvt. Ltd.echnologies Pvt. Ltd.echnologies Pvt. Ltd., formallyNetlink, is an organization operating throughits own business procedures with specializedteams for all aspects of development solutions.The company is moving rapidly towardsbecoming a one-stop-shop for comprehensivesoftware solutions. Our mission is to providethe full spectrum of software managementsoftware managementsoftware managementsoftware managementsoftware managementand developmentand developmentand developmentand developmentand development services to our clientsthrough the total commitment of our staff andresources, while maintaining the integrity of theorganizations that retain us and our industry’sprofessional standards of practice.

What are the services that you offer What are the services that you offer What are the services that you offer What are the services that you offer What are the services that you offerhere?here?here?here?here?

We offer services across the entire band ofthe e-commerce spectrum viz. strategicconsulting, technology development, withcreative approach. If you take software domainas a whole, there are 4 domain areas ofactivities.

1. WWWWWeb Enabled Solutionseb Enabled Solutionseb Enabled Solutionseb Enabled Solutionseb Enabled Solutions - Consultancy forcorporates who want to establish or re-establishtheir presence in the market through web basedservices.

2. Application Software DevelopmentApplication Software DevelopmentApplication Software DevelopmentApplication Software DevelopmentApplication Software Development -Develop ERP packages, which runs on solidnetworks to cater to the entire organizationalrequirements.

3. Multimedia SolutionsMultimedia SolutionsMultimedia SolutionsMultimedia SolutionsMultimedia Solutions - Creating multi- mediasolutions with international class which displaysall the dimensions of creativity.

4. IT PIT PIT PIT PIT Professional Servicesrofessional Servicesrofessional Servicesrofessional Servicesrofessional Services - Study the IT relatedrequirements and put you in the right track toachieve your goals.

Can you tell us about your client base?Can you tell us about your client base?Can you tell us about your client base?Can you tell us about your client base?Can you tell us about your client base?

As a whole we provide intelligence solutionsto customers like Railways.

Please comment on your technologicalPlease comment on your technologicalPlease comment on your technologicalPlease comment on your technologicalPlease comment on your technologicalprojects?projects?projects?projects?projects?

Regarding technologies, we have RFID(Radio Frequency Identifier) consisting of RF tagswith a tag reader. There will be a unique codewhich detects, reads and displays yourinformation. You can program all data into tagsand basically it is a small device. You can takean example of a library with 50,000 books andif you want to know where one book is, youhave a tag stuck on the book and a code for aparticular book and in the system you have tosearch for the code. Then the system will tellyou exactly in which shelf the particular book isplaced. This software is made applicable instores for recording inventory, vehicle high speeddetectors etc. Other projects are Touch screenand Biometrics in which thumb impression ismade in security devices instead of swap cards.

With softwareWith softwareWith softwareWith softwareWith software development being the development being the development being the development being the development being thelatest trend, a lot of hardware engineerslatest trend, a lot of hardware engineerslatest trend, a lot of hardware engineerslatest trend, a lot of hardware engineerslatest trend, a lot of hardware engineers

ABHISHA FRANCIS S5 CS, JYOTHI RAJAMOHANAN S3 CS,

VIVEK PALAKOT BALAKRISHNAN MENON S1S2 CS

An interview with MrMrMrMrMr. . . . . DILEEPDILEEPDILEEPDILEEPDILEEP-Pracoss Software Solutions, Palakkad

39

are shift ing over to the software field.are shift ing over to the software field.are shift ing over to the software field.are shift ing over to the software field.are shift ing over to the software field.Do you consider this a healthy trend?Do you consider this a healthy trend?Do you consider this a healthy trend?Do you consider this a healthy trend?Do you consider this a healthy trend?

You can’t have totally hardware peoplegoing for software because both are anintegrated methodology. I can say it differentlythat nowadays many corporates are going forsingle point integrated solutions. A hardwareperson needs to know the software side also.For example being a company representative,he has to present both the issues when calledupon by clients. Hence both areas are very solid.

What are the developments in MobileWhat are the developments in MobileWhat are the developments in MobileWhat are the developments in MobileWhat are the developments in Mobilesegment?segment?segment?segment?segment?

Animations in mobile segment is anotherupcoming field. There are companies in HongKong and Malaysia, which select songs andconvert them into polyphonic sounds and sellto service providers. But what we do is videofiles of cartoon characters like Tintin, Tom andJerry, Dennis The Menace which is basically forUS customers.

Software export is earning us consiSoftware export is earning us consiSoftware export is earning us consiSoftware export is earning us consiSoftware export is earning us considerablederablederablederablederableforeign exchange, in what way is yourforeign exchange, in what way is yourforeign exchange, in what way is yourforeign exchange, in what way is yourforeign exchange, in what way is yourcompany contributing to this aspect?company contributing to this aspect?company contributing to this aspect?company contributing to this aspect?company contributing to this aspect?

We have a very good base in the MiddleEast markets. This year we are doing projectsin the US markets mainly on net basedapplications.

How do you compete with the corporateHow do you compete with the corporateHow do you compete with the corporateHow do you compete with the corporateHow do you compete with the corporategiants like Infosys, Wipro, Microsoft etc.giants like Infosys, Wipro, Microsoft etc.giants like Infosys, Wipro, Microsoft etc.giants like Infosys, Wipro, Microsoft etc.giants like Infosys, Wipro, Microsoft etc.for retaining talented softwarefor retaining talented softwarefor retaining talented softwarefor retaining talented softwarefor retaining talented softwareprofessionals?professionals?professionals?professionals?professionals?

Retention of manpower in softwarecompanies is important. First impression you getcarried away is the salary part. Apart from that,there are people, who resign and come out ofthese corporate giants due to various reasons.Giving them different projects, exposure,updated technologies, we will be able to retain/attract manpower.

Do you think computerization will leadDo you think computerization will leadDo you think computerization will leadDo you think computerization will leadDo you think computerization will leadto unemployment?to unemployment?to unemployment?to unemployment?to unemployment?

It is not the question of losing the job.Suppose if there is one task which was done byten people, the computerization system makesit easier and it can be done by two people,while the rest eight can be given new tasks or

projects. I t doesn’t bring about anyunemployment but adds values andopportunities.

Many companies are interested inMany companies are interested inMany companies are interested inMany companies are interested inMany companies are interested inrecruiting experienced hands; will recruiting experienced hands; will recruiting experienced hands; will recruiting experienced hands; will recruiting experienced hands; will thisthisthisthisthisaffect the affect the affect the affect the affect the jobjobjobjobjob opportunities of freshers? opportunities of freshers? opportunities of freshers? opportunities of freshers? opportunities of freshers?

The companies want to execute the projectin the quickest way possible. Definitely theycannot afford to take some trainees, developthem and ask them to do the projects. Butthere are companies like ours, which takecertain percentage of freshers and developthem gradually.

What about the views of your companyWhat about the views of your companyWhat about the views of your companyWhat about the views of your companyWhat about the views of your companyregarding campus recrui tments? Areregarding campus recrui tments? Areregarding campus recrui tments? Areregarding campus recrui tments? Areregarding campus recrui tments? Areyou already in this process?you already in this process?you already in this process?you already in this process?you already in this process?

Definitely, we are planning to havecampus interviews because we are justexpanding out here.

What futur is t ic technologies do youWhat futur is t ic technologies do youWhat futur is t ic technologies do youWhat futur is t ic technologies do youWhat futur is t ic technologies do youforesee in the area of Computerforesee in the area of Computerforesee in the area of Computerforesee in the area of Computerforesee in the area of ComputerScience?Science?Science?Science?Science?

Software is going to be the future fortomorrow. That’s why this kind of investmentand development is happening in thisparticular line. It’s a question of continuousupdating. It’s a never ending process. You aregetting the benefit in terms of cost, if you savetime and manpower. If you take any segmentlike Banking solution, you can see that theyare upgrading with new technology likeinternet banking, mobile banking etc.

What is your message to us?What is your message to us?What is your message to us?What is your message to us?What is your message to us?

For the time being, you must be fullyconcentrated in the process of developingyour logical intelligence in parallel with yourcurriculum. The ability to apply your sense andpresence of mind everywhere should bedeveloped.

40

In your career as a technocrat what doIn your career as a technocrat what doIn your career as a technocrat what doIn your career as a technocrat what doIn your career as a technocrat what doyou consider to be your greatest achievement?you consider to be your greatest achievement?you consider to be your greatest achievement?you consider to be your greatest achievement?you consider to be your greatest achievement?

First of all, I am not a technocrat. People say aboutthis but I am not one. And about my greatestachievement what I consider is obviously 'The CochinAirport’.

Now talking about the Airport, we haveNow talking about the Airport, we haveNow talking about the Airport, we haveNow talking about the Airport, we haveNow talking about the Airport, we haveheard that you started it all with just a pieceheard that you started it all with just a pieceheard that you started it all with just a pieceheard that you started it all with just a pieceheard that you started it all with just a pieceof paperof paperof paperof paperof paper. So can you tell us how it all got. So can you tell us how it all got. So can you tell us how it all got. So can you tell us how it all got. So can you tell us how it all gots tar ted?star ted?star ted?star ted?star ted?

Cochin, which is the commercial capital of Kerala,had an Airport, which was run by the Navy thatfacilitated the operations of narrow-bodied aircrafts.An Airport of international standard was a long feltneed. However, the Airport Authority of India citedthe financial constraints for the setting up of a newAirport. Since the resources, at the disposal ofgovernment for investment in Airport are limited, the

participation of private sector is essential for bridgingthe gap in resources

What idea did you have about theWhat idea did you have about theWhat idea did you have about theWhat idea did you have about theWhat idea did you have about theeconoeconoeconoeconoeconomic viability of the project?mic viability of the project?mic viability of the project?mic viability of the project?mic viability of the project?

Cochin International Airport is the first of its kindwherein the Airport users mainly Nonresident Indiansjoined hands with the Government of Kerala andAirport service providers to build an internationalairport. A public limited company, CochinInternational Airport Ltd. (CIAL) was incorporated on30th March 1994 with an authorized capital of Rs900 millions. More than that, 11,000 individualinvestors from more than 30 countries around theworld have subscribed to the equity share capital ofthe company. The total cost of construction of aboutRs 2,830 Million, (about 63 million dollars) wasfinanced by an equity capital Rs 900 million, loanfunds of Rs. 1680 million and interest free depositof Rs. 250 million.

V. J. Kurian (IAS), born in a farmer’s family, he set his goals highand attained them with splendid efforts. An IAS officer of 1983 batch,he had his graduation from Loyola college, Chennai and PG inEconomics from St. Stephan’s college, New Delhi. He spends his leisuretime by farming and reading. Presently, he is the MD, Cochin InternationalAirport Ltd. (CIAL) and Roads and Bridges Development Corporationof Kerala Ltd.

TONY JOSE S5 CE, SecretaryCivil Engineering Association

JAYAKRISHNAN MENON S5 CE

- An Interview with MrMrMrMrMr. V. V. V. V. V. J. J. J. J. J. KURIAN. KURIAN. KURIAN. KURIAN. KURIAN IAS

41

What kind of problems did you face inWhat kind of problems did you face inWhat kind of problems did you face inWhat kind of problems did you face inWhat kind of problems did you face inthe process?the process?the process?the process?the process?

An area of 1300 acres of land was to be acquiredfor the project from about 2300 landowners and822 householders had to be evicted and rehabilitated,which fell within the jurisdiction of 3 panchayats andone municipality. Thus about 53 electoralrepresentatives belonging to various political partieshad to be consulted and taken into confidence forthe completion of the project. The high project costand the company being the first of its kind in thecountry, there were doubts about the safety ofinvestments and timely completion of the project.

Then we had three temples and two churches tobe removed to facilitate the construction of the airportwithout affecting the religious feelings of devotees.And about 400 civil cases were filed against theproject at various courts out of which 5 cases weredecided at the Supreme Court of India. A largeirrigation canal was shifted from the project area tofacilitate cultivation on the nearby paddy fields.

What all sectors or works in the AirportWhat all sectors or works in the AirportWhat all sectors or works in the AirportWhat all sectors or works in the AirportWhat all sectors or works in the Airportgive a regular income to the Airport?give a regular income to the Airport?give a regular income to the Airport?give a regular income to the Airport?give a regular income to the Airport?

Some core sectors were identified as a good sectorand competitive offers were invited some of whichare Ground handling of Aircrafts and cargooperations which were given to Air India, Aircraftrefueling which Bharath Petroleum took over, andForeign exchange was given to Thomas Cook andSBI, also the restaurants, duty free shops etc. weregiven out at good prices.

What do you have to say about theWhat do you have to say about theWhat do you have to say about theWhat do you have to say about theWhat do you have to say about theattitude of the people... certainly in a placeattitude of the people... certainly in a placeattitude of the people... certainly in a placeattitude of the people... certainly in a placeattitude of the people... certainly in a placelike Kerala where the problem of negativelike Kerala where the problem of negativelike Kerala where the problem of negativelike Kerala where the problem of negativelike Kerala where the problem of negativeattitude among the people is relevant?attitude among the people is relevant?attitude among the people is relevant?attitude among the people is relevant?attitude among the people is relevant?

It’s the basic Malayali nature to do so. If we comeup with an idea they will tell you how much it is notpossible. They will give you 101 reasons for why itjust can’t happen. It was a big problem for the project.

And what did you do to overcome allAnd what did you do to overcome allAnd what did you do to overcome allAnd what did you do to overcome allAnd what did you do to overcome allthese obstacles?these obstacles?these obstacles?these obstacles?these obstacles?

Well its all in persistence to do good, the confidencethat it can be done, taking it as a challenge andgiving your best shot. The strategy should be to nevergive up. The problem, which I find in most of us, isthat the moment we see some kind of trouble oradversities we give up. No project in the world hadever gone through without any kind of problems;your ability should be in solving them and overcomingall the hurdles. And you must have the ultimate trustin God also. Nothing should be started to be dropped

in between.Now the Airport is going on well with aNow the Airport is going on well with aNow the Airport is going on well with aNow the Airport is going on well with aNow the Airport is going on well with a

good profit than earliergood profit than earliergood profit than earliergood profit than earliergood profit than earlier, is it because of the, is it because of the, is it because of the, is it because of the, is it because of theincrease in the number of air passengers orincrease in the number of air passengers orincrease in the number of air passengers orincrease in the number of air passengers orincrease in the number of air passengers ordue to any other factors?due to any other factors?due to any other factors?due to any other factors?due to any other factors?

Firstly it is the increase in the number of airpassengers, and secondly it has been possible byreducing the expenditure, increasing the revenue.Our aim right from the beginning was to keep thecost low.

What made you come to NedumbasseryWhat made you come to NedumbasseryWhat made you come to NedumbasseryWhat made you come to NedumbasseryWhat made you come to Nedumbasseryfor such a project?for such a project?for such a project?for such a project?for such a project?

I, being the collector at that time was given thecharge of selecting the site for the new Airport. Wehad about 6-7 sites in our mind, one at Paravur thenNedumbassery where we now have our Airport, thenEdakattu vayal, Amballur, Perungodu etc. and finallytaking into consideration many factors like, proximityto National Highway and the fact that an airportoutside the city will make the city grow and we alsohave 2 railway stations nearby. The environmentalimpact assessment (EIA) study was carried out byKothamangalam Engineering College and feasibilitystudy was done by KITCO.

TTTTTalking about the railwayalking about the railwayalking about the railwayalking about the railwayalking about the railway, will the railway, will the railway, will the railway, will the railway, will the railwaytrack running to the one side of the Airporttrack running to the one side of the Airporttrack running to the one side of the Airporttrack running to the one side of the Airporttrack running to the one side of the Airportpremise lock the future expansion to thatpremise lock the future expansion to thatpremise lock the future expansion to thatpremise lock the future expansion to thatpremise lock the future expansion to thatside?side?side?side?side?

No, actually we are planning to have a railwaystation for the airport there in the long run.

Why did you choose the typical Why did you choose the typical Why did you choose the typical Why did you choose the typical Why did you choose the typical KKKKKeralaeralaeralaeralaeralastyle of construction for the Airport?style of construction for the Airport?style of construction for the Airport?style of construction for the Airport?style of construction for the Airport?

I was very adamant on that. We are Keralites andso I insisted on something which makes every onefeel that this is an Airport in Kerala. For that we optedthe temple architecture.

When we compare with Airports in manyWhen we compare with Airports in manyWhen we compare with Airports in manyWhen we compare with Airports in manyWhen we compare with Airports in manydeveloped countries, do you find us sti l ldeveloped countries, do you find us sti l ldeveloped countries, do you find us sti l ldeveloped countries, do you find us sti l ldeveloped countries, do you find us sti l llagging behind in amenities?lagging behind in amenities?lagging behind in amenities?lagging behind in amenities?lagging behind in amenities?

The Cochin Airport is built as the most modernInternational Airport with all operation safety andpassenger amenities, comparable to any otherInternational Airport.

The Airport is suitable for operation of b. 747-400 type Aircraft. It has a 3400 m length of runway,with sufficient Apron for parking eight aircrafts at atime. Aircraft refueling system are provided byBharath Petroleum Corporation Ltd. with mostmodern state - of art Hydrant system. The largestsystem prevalent in Singapore & Hong Kong Airporthave been adopted here.

42

A cargo complex of 4500 sq. mt has beenconstructed to handle the International & DomesticCargo.

Do Do Do Do Do yyyyyou ou ou ou ou ttttthinkhinkhinkhinkhink our our our our our dddddevelopment evelopment evelopment evelopment evelopment iiiiis s s s s ssssslow ?low ?low ?low ?low ?Well, it’s not that our development is slow. This is

all that we need at this time. The other Airports asyou exemplified, Malaysian and all, are dealing withmuch larger number of passengers than ours. Andwe are in a process of updating with demand. Forthat we are in the process of construction of a newarrival terminal seeing the increase in number ofpassengers. We will be surely growing with demand.And as I said earlier, our strategy is to keep the costas low as possible.

One thing seen in your career is you haveOne thing seen in your career is you haveOne thing seen in your career is you haveOne thing seen in your career is you haveOne thing seen in your career is you havebeen given charges with relation to civil-been given charges with relation to civil-been given charges with relation to civil-been given charges with relation to civil-been given charges with relation to civil-AAAAAirport,irport,irport,irport,irport, RRRRRoads and oads and oads and oads and oads and BBBBBridges ridges ridges ridges ridges DDDDDevelopmentevelopmentevelopmentevelopmentevelopmentCCCCCorporation, isorporation, isorporation, isorporation, isorporation, is it your specific area of interesit your specific area of interesit your specific area of interesit your specific area of interesit your specific area of interest?t?t?t?t?

I am a government employee and am doing justwhat I am asked to.

If we conduct a survey in Kerala and goIf we conduct a survey in Kerala and goIf we conduct a survey in Kerala and goIf we conduct a survey in Kerala and goIf we conduct a survey in Kerala and goaround asking students in 11th and 12tharound asking students in 11th and 12tharound asking students in 11th and 12tharound asking students in 11th and 12tharound asking students in 11th and 12thabout who they want to be, there will be a lotabout who they want to be, there will be a lotabout who they want to be, there will be a lotabout who they want to be, there will be a lotabout who they want to be, there will be a lotof students saying that they want to beof students saying that they want to beof students saying that they want to beof students saying that they want to beof students saying that they want to beengineers, doctors etc. but no one wants toengineers, doctors etc. but no one wants toengineers, doctors etc. but no one wants toengineers, doctors etc. but no one wants toengineers, doctors etc. but no one wants tobe a scientist or go for civil service. What arebe a scientist or go for civil service. What arebe a scientist or go for civil service. What arebe a scientist or go for civil service. What arebe a scientist or go for civil service. What areyour commyour commyour commyour commyour comments on this?ents on this?ents on this?ents on this?ents on this?

Well, it may be because people think getting intocivil service is difficult and so they give up. It’s notpossible unless you have the confidence that you willmake it. We have the maximum variety of jobs varyingfrom a district collector to MD of a pharmaceuticalcompany. No job will be as interesting as this. Wemust change our attitude and try some thing new.As our honourable president says, “Dream”.

With the execution of large scale projectsWith the execution of large scale projectsWith the execution of large scale projectsWith the execution of large scale projectsWith the execution of large scale projectslike like like like like AAAAAirports,irports,irports,irports,irports, H H H H Harbours, arbours, arbours, arbours, arbours, HHHHHighways and ighways and ighways and ighways and ighways and MMMMMetros,etros,etros,etros,etros,our basic problems of unemployment, povertyour basic problems of unemployment, povertyour basic problems of unemployment, povertyour basic problems of unemployment, povertyour basic problems of unemployment, poverty,,,,,illiteracy etc. still persist. Do you think thatilliteracy etc. still persist. Do you think thatilliteracy etc. still persist. Do you think thatilliteracy etc. still persist. Do you think thatilliteracy etc. still persist. Do you think thatwe awe awe awe awe are making mistakes in choosing ourre making mistakes in choosing ourre making mistakes in choosing ourre making mistakes in choosing ourre making mistakes in choosing ourpriorit ies?priorit ies?priorit ies?priorit ies?priorit ies?

We had been fighting with these priorities for thepast 54 years and where did we reach? So why can’twe think the other way? Projects like this can only

develop employment and remove all other problemsthat we face. Civil Aviation, in India was consideredas a mode of transportation for the elite group. But,today, it is recognized that development of aviationis crucial for sustainable development of trade andtourism. A good Airport contributes directly to thecountry’s international competitiveness and the flowof foreign investment. There are many direct andindirect employment generations because of thissuch as a hotel room built due to inflow of touristsgives employment to at least one. So this is how wemust fight that.

What do you think we, the newWhat do you think we, the newWhat do you think we, the newWhat do you think we, the newWhat do you think we, the newgeneration should do for the nationgeneration should do for the nationgeneration should do for the nationgeneration should do for the nationgeneration should do for the nation’s’s’s’s’sdevelopment?development?development?development?development?

As you have already said about the attitude of thecurrent generation students that no one really wantsto be a scientist or a civil servant, no one is thinkingabout any kind of new inventions. Your thoughts arelocked in certain confined boundaries. You mustchange that. For that you must reform yourselvesfirst. And you should come up with innovative ideas.And the prime thing is to keep your integrity andhonesty.ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion

The first green field joint sector Airport in India,Cochin International Airport is the culmination of fiveyears of hard toil. Pitched against innumerable odds,the construction of the Airport is the success story ofGovernment/ public participation, especially with thatof Nonresident Indians in infrastructural developmentin the state. The new International Airport will be acatalyst for the growth of economic prosperity of thecity of Cochin as well as the adjoining districts andstates. The Airport has excellent market prospectsowing to its strategic location. The new Airport dueto its unique characteristics like being a public limitedcompany and the only planned and developedAirport in the country can generate income fromvarious non-conventional sources.

The Cochin International Airport was the brainchild of Mr. V. J. Kurian, IAS. A man of humility andpleasant smile, he is loved and respected by all. Thesuccess of Mr. V. J. Kurian, IAS can be attributed tohis positive attitude, honesty, dedication and hardwork.

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Can you give us a small introductionCan you give us a small introductionCan you give us a small introductionCan you give us a small introductionCan you give us a small introductionabout yourselfabout yourselfabout yourselfabout yourselfabout yourself.....My name is Krishnakumar R., I am working in HighPerformance Computing Division of HewlettPackard.What was your motivation to move intoWhat was your motivation to move intoWhat was your motivation to move intoWhat was your motivation to move intoWhat was your motivation to move intoLLLLLinux platform?inux platform?inux platform?inux platform?inux platform?Because, one can read the source code and figureout what is going on behind the scenes. Forexample: When Linux boots up, it will show thename and the type of your CPU. This is actuallydone by software within the Operating System. Wecan very well look at the Linux source code andfind out how this can be done. That is the powerof having the access to source code.What were the features of What were the features of What were the features of What were the features of What were the features of LLLLLinux whichinux whichinux whichinux whichinux whichattracted you the most?attracted you the most?attracted you the most?attracted you the most?attracted you the most?Everything.Can you tell us the interesting experimentsCan you tell us the interesting experimentsCan you tell us the interesting experimentsCan you tell us the interesting experimentsCan you tell us the interesting experimentsthat can be done in that can be done in that can be done in that can be done in that can be done in LLLLLinux?inux?inux?inux?inux?While forking off a process there is this concept ofCOW (Copy On Write). One of the experiments Idid recently was to actually “see” how this is donein Linux. I wrote sample programs-userland as wellas some kernel modules to trace COW and see ithappen on the fly.What is the motivation behind the idea ofWhat is the motivation behind the idea ofWhat is the motivation behind the idea ofWhat is the motivation behind the idea ofWhat is the motivation behind the idea ofwriting patch?writing patch?writing patch?writing patch?writing patch?The main motivation is to contribute to the Linuxcommunity. By writing a patch I am improving the

SRINATH C. S. S5 CS

Linux kernel. In effect hundreds of thousands ofpeople who use Linux get benefitted. Even a veryobvious patch such as removing some dead codefrom the Linux source code improves the qualityand maintainability of the code. When one submitsa patch in the mailing list, the patch is reviewed bysome of the best programmers in the world. Thefeedback from them helps to improve one’stechnical side as well.Can you tell us about your patch in Can you tell us about your patch in Can you tell us about your patch in Can you tell us about your patch in Can you tell us about your patch in LLLLLinuxinuxinuxinuxinuxkernel?kernel?kernel?kernel?kernel?One patch was to introduce a feature called“Network interface messaging” into one of theNetwork drivers. This patch is available as part ofthe vanilla kernel now.How did you get your patch into the linux?How did you get your patch into the linux?How did you get your patch into the linux?How did you get your patch into the linux?How did you get your patch into the linux?Whom did you contact for developmentWhom did you contact for developmentWhom did you contact for developmentWhom did you contact for developmentWhom did you contact for developmentproject?project?project?project?project?

For most of the subsystems (networking, virtualmemory, drivers et. al.) there will be one person ora group who are highly knowledgeable in that areaof the kernel. They are called the “SubsystemMaintainer/Maintainers”. We have to send out thepatch to the subsystem maintainer with CC to themailing list (subsystem specific mailing list or themain kernel mailing list). The “Subsystemmaintainer” will review your patches. Otherdevelopers in the mailing list will also review it.Once there is a general agreement in thecommunity that your patch is “OK”, then thesubsystem maintainer will usually forward it to

- An Interview with MrMrMrMrMr. . . . . KRISHNAKKRISHNAKKRISHNAKKRISHNAKKRISHNAKUMARUMARUMARUMARUMAR R. R. R. R. R.Hewlett Packard (High Performance Computing Division)

44

Andrew Morton. He is a senior engineer in thekernel lot of testing. Once your patch is includedinto Andrew’s kernel (called-mm kernel), then itreceives lot of testing. Once it is found that thepatch is stable then it is forwarded to Linus Torvalds.And when Linus accepts the patch it becomes partof the official linus kernel (vanilla kerneldownloadable from www.kernel.org). The aboveprocedure although followed generally is not ahard-and-fast model. The patches which are sentout to the mailing list might be randomly pickedup by Linus or Andrew based on the merit/complexity of the patch. For my networking patch,I sent out the patch to the Linux networking mailinglist, with a CC to Jeff Garzik. He is the maintainerfor Network driver patches. He included it into hisset of patches, which got forwarded to AndrewMorton’s patch set. After being in Andrew’s patchset, it went into Linus’s official kernel.

TTTTTell us about the ell us about the ell us about the ell us about the ell us about the LLLLLinux community?inux community?inux community?inux community?inux community?

Linux kernel development community revolvesaround the main Linux-kernel mailing list (http://www.tux.org/lkml/gives more informationregarding this mailing list). Latest features to beincluded into the Linux kernel, the kernel patchesand a lot of other matters are discussed in thismailing list. Almost all core developers (includingLinus Torvalds) of the Linux kernel are part of thismailing list.

What are some of the upcoming trends inWhat are some of the upcoming trends inWhat are some of the upcoming trends inWhat are some of the upcoming trends inWhat are some of the upcoming trends inLLLLLinux community?inux community?inux community?inux community?inux community?

Linux is nowadays used everywhere. From watchesto research laboratories, Linux is used everywhere.Linux is being increasingly used for highperformance computing to build clusters andsupercomputers. Virtualization products (such asXen) is another upcoming area.

What role can we (students) play in makingWhat role can we (students) play in makingWhat role can we (students) play in makingWhat role can we (students) play in makingWhat role can we (students) play in makingusers shift to Linux?users shift to Linux?users shift to Linux?users shift to Linux?users shift to Linux?

First step should be to feel what the users feel. Usedifferent softwares yourself and try to go throughthe “user experience”. This exercise helps one tobuild a fair idea on the various problems that auser might face. This can also be done by a survey/meeting with the users. Once the problems arelisted out, the next step is to find the solutions.Thebest way is to enquire with the Linux users groupwhat could be the possible solutions. Most of thetime, it happens that the difficulty faced by the user

we meet, might have been already solved bysomebody in the community. So the interactionwith the Linux community brings into picture theavailable solutions.

If the solution does not exist, write a new code tosolve it. Remember, the source code is with you.You have the power to modify/fix the issues/addnew features etc.

What are your views on how students canWhat are your views on how students canWhat are your views on how students canWhat are your views on how students canWhat are your views on how students canimprove theirimprove theirimprove theirimprove theirimprove their L L L L Linux knowledge?inux knowledge?inux knowledge?inux knowledge?inux knowledge?

Some of the sites give news on Linux. Here are acouple of of them:

1. www.linuxtoday.com2. www.kerneltrap.org

These sites will keep you updated with the Linuxcommunity and what is going on. Another way ofimproving your Linux knowledge is to have handson experience. Use Linux for your day to day work.Be it running lab programs, be it preparing reportsfor projects, be it hearing music, be it for browsingthe Internet - use Linux. This will help you inidentifying the areas which need improvement.Trying to improve those will result in increase inLinux knowledge.

The next step is to start reading Linux source code.Try to understand what is going on behind thescene. Interacting with the Linux community willalso keep you updated. Become part of the mailinglists and get to feel the pulse of the community.Visit http://www.kernelnewbies.org/for a start.

What is your advice to students, both asWhat is your advice to students, both asWhat is your advice to students, both asWhat is your advice to students, both asWhat is your advice to students, both asan ex-engineering student and as a an ex-engineering student and as a an ex-engineering student and as a an ex-engineering student and as a an ex-engineering student and as a LLLLLinuxinuxinuxinuxinuxgeek?geek?geek?geek?geek?

Being an engineer brings a lot of opportunities toyou. But the point is how you make use of thisopportunity. The process of learning continuesthroughout the professional life.

Always have the constant urge to understand/learn/dissect new things that you come across.Devote some time to make contributions to thecommunity. Remember, most of the things whichwe take for granted (getting education is one ofthem) are things which are not accessible to alarge part of our society.

For aspiring Linux kernel hackers- “Read the sourcecode”.

Thank you and Best of luck!

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EEEEExcerpts from the interview conducted withMr. B. Venugopal, Chief Engineer (Instrumentation),H.O.C.L. Ambalamugal, Ernakulam. H i n d u s t a nOrganic Chemicals Ltd (H.O.C.L) is a petrochemicalplant which produces phenol, acetone and hydrogenperoxide. It has units in both Ernakulam andMumbai. Its head office is based in Rasayani,Mumbai.

SirSirSirSirSir, could you please give us a brief, could you please give us a brief, could you please give us a brief, could you please give us a brief, could you please give us a briefdescription of your educational backgrounddescription of your educational backgrounddescription of your educational backgrounddescription of your educational backgrounddescription of your educational backgroundand your career?and your career?and your career?and your career?and your career?

I did my graduation in Electrical Engineering fromRegional Engineering College, Calicut. I finishedmy graduation in 1978 and post graduation in1981. After that I worked for 5 years in KeralaMinerals, Kollam. Now for the past 20 years, Ihave been associated with H.O.C.L.

Could you make a comparative studyCould you make a comparative studyCould you make a comparative studyCould you make a comparative studyCould you make a comparative studybetween the instrumentation systems usedbetween the instrumentation systems usedbetween the instrumentation systems usedbetween the instrumentation systems usedbetween the instrumentation systems usedat the beginning of your career and theat the beginning of your career and theat the beginning of your career and theat the beginning of your career and theat the beginning of your career and theones used presently?ones used presently?ones used presently?ones used presently?ones used presently?

30-35 years back, process industries basicallyused pneumatic control systems. Then there wasdevelopment in the electronic field. Analog andmicroprocessor development was rapid. Digital

data processing became easier. This was reflectedin the instrumentation field. Instrumentationdepends on digital electronics. There has beentremendous growth for the past 10-20 years indigital control systems and digital data processing.Systems are now open control systems. Accordingto the demand from customers, internal processinghas become much more transparent.

SirSirSirSirSir, what according to you is the role of, what according to you is the role of, what according to you is the role of, what according to you is the role of, what according to you is the role ofinstrumentation in a process industry?instrumentation in a process industry?instrumentation in a process industry?instrumentation in a process industry?instrumentation in a process industry?

In any process industry, instrumentation plays apivotal role. The objective of an industry is toproduce a product with sufficient quality andquantity. To achieve this objective you should havean instrumentation system. Another factor issafety. In an industry, lot of unsafe activities takeplace so instrumentation provides total safety fora system.

What is the difference between theWhat is the difference between theWhat is the difference between theWhat is the difference between theWhat is the difference between thetheoretical knowledge we acquire and thetheoretical knowledge we acquire and thetheoretical knowledge we acquire and thetheoretical knowledge we acquire and thetheoretical knowledge we acquire and thepractical aspects employed in an industry?practical aspects employed in an industry?practical aspects employed in an industry?practical aspects employed in an industry?practical aspects employed in an industry?

Theoretical knowledge is not sufficient. Everyindustry has its own environment, its own problemsand maintenance. You need to gain practical

ARUN BABU S5 AE, EBIN JOY S5 AE, VENY VELAPPAN S5 AE,VIDYA LAKSHMI SUKUMARAN S5 AE

-An Interview with MrMrMrMrMr. . . . . BBBBB. VENUGOP. VENUGOP. VENUGOP. VENUGOP. VENUGOPALALALALALChief Engineer (Inst.) H.O.C.L.

46

experience by working in that industry. Eachindustry is different. Instrumentation has to meetthose demands. Theory provides a base,practical experience provides the rest.

What is your opinion about the currentWhat is your opinion about the currentWhat is your opinion about the currentWhat is your opinion about the currentWhat is your opinion about the currenttechnical education? Do you suggest anytechnical education? Do you suggest anytechnical education? Do you suggest anytechnical education? Do you suggest anytechnical education? Do you suggest anychanges?changes?changes?changes?changes?

The current technical education is slightly laggingcompared to the developments in the industry.Students should have more interaction with theindustries. Technology is changing very fast. Lotof advancements have occurred like digital dataprocessing. More practical orientation should beencouraged.

Besides the content specified in theBesides the content specified in theBesides the content specified in theBesides the content specified in theBesides the content specified in thecurriculum, we are being encouraged tocurriculum, we are being encouraged tocurriculum, we are being encouraged tocurriculum, we are being encouraged tocurriculum, we are being encouraged toattend other technical courses. What doattend other technical courses. What doattend other technical courses. What doattend other technical courses. What doattend other technical courses. What doyou suggest?you suggest?you suggest?you suggest?you suggest?

Industrial trainings should be encouraged. Manyindustries do not provide inplant training. Everyindustry should provide training atleast on achargeable basis.

Does HDoes HDoes HDoes HDoes H.O.O.O.O.O.C.L.C.L.C.L.C.L.C.L . conduct any training. conduct any training. conduct any training. conduct any training. conduct any trainingsessions for emerging engineers?sessions for emerging engineers?sessions for emerging engineers?sessions for emerging engineers?sessions for emerging engineers?

Yes, we are conducting training sessions forone month on a chargeable basis of Rs. 2500/-per head. We have a lot of experienced people.Damaged instruments and models are providedto the trainees to get a better idea. In text booksonly diagrams are given. Here we provide ademo set of the system.

What are the recent advancements inWhat are the recent advancements inWhat are the recent advancements inWhat are the recent advancements inWhat are the recent advancements ininstrumentation field? Does Hinstrumentation field? Does Hinstrumentation field? Does Hinstrumentation field? Does Hinstrumentation field? Does H.O.O.O.O.O.C.L.C.L.C.L.C.L.C.L .....employ any?employ any?employ any?employ any?employ any?

Earlier instrumentation systems were analog.Now they have been upgraded to digital controlsystems. Softwares have been updated.

SirSirSirSirSir, what is open protocol?, what is open protocol?, what is open protocol?, what is open protocol?, what is open protocol?

Nowadays there is a lot of demand forstandardisation. Earlier if a company produceda product and the other company producedanother, the two products could not be

interfaced, unless they are of the same company.Hence a committee was set up for a commonprotocol . Open protocol is such a standardprotocol for communication. Every manufactureror member is supposed to come out with thatprotocol only.

What are the attributes of an idealWhat are the attributes of an idealWhat are the attributes of an idealWhat are the attributes of an idealWhat are the attributes of an idealinstrumentation engineer?instrumentation engineer?instrumentation engineer?instrumentation engineer?instrumentation engineer?

An instrumentation engineer should be adaptableto a situation. He should maintain his learningbecause technology is getting updated regularly.Else you will become obsolete. Hence a continuousrevamping is required.

In the current job scenario, what is theIn the current job scenario, what is theIn the current job scenario, what is theIn the current job scenario, what is theIn the current job scenario, what is thescope of instrumentation?scope of instrumentation?scope of instrumentation?scope of instrumentation?scope of instrumentation?

Instrumentation is a field with potential butcurrently there is an industrial recession. Chemicalplants are not doing too well but the steel sectorhas revived.

After graduation, most instrumentationAfter graduation, most instrumentationAfter graduation, most instrumentationAfter graduation, most instrumentationAfter graduation, most instrumentationengineers prefer a job in the softwareengineers prefer a job in the softwareengineers prefer a job in the softwareengineers prefer a job in the softwareengineers prefer a job in the softwaresectorsectorsectorsectorsector. Why is that so?. Why is that so?. Why is that so?. Why is that so?. Why is that so?

This is not a good sign. The strength of the nationdepends on basic engineering. You need qualifiedand talented people in that field. The IT field lieson the superficial. Core industries are our backbone. After independence, India developed thecore sector. H.O.C.L. was developed on that visioni.e, on developing the organic sector. If talentedpeople go to the IT, the core industries will suffer.

WWWWWould you like to pass on any messageould you like to pass on any messageould you like to pass on any messageould you like to pass on any messageould you like to pass on any messagefor our budding engineers back home?for our budding engineers back home?for our budding engineers back home?for our budding engineers back home?for our budding engineers back home?

Instrumentation is a good potential field. It createsan impact on future developments. Even if it isdiminished now it will emerge again, similar tothe shares in the market. More interaction isexpected between IT and instrumentation in thefuture and thus we expect a revival in theinstrumentation field.

47

51

Introduction“IIIIIndian engineering skills go poetic and

heroic in Western ghats”: The headingappeared in a leading national daily, when thefirst train through Konkan was flagged off.Have you ever thought about the civilengineering master piece-Konkan Railway? Itwas the largest project ever taken up andsuccessfully completed by Indians. India couldtriumph in a way that the West could envy.Described as a marvel of civil engineering, this760 km long prestigious railway project, whichfew thought would materialise, was completedin a record time of 7 years and 3 months (Fig 1Map).

Konkan Railway is an Indian triumph inmany areas: engineering, efficiency, innovation,speed, environmental awareness, public

relations, aesthetics and rivers. A 760 km railpath, laid on fairly flat rails over rivers andvalleys and through mountains and gorges. Tothe amazement of disbelieving people, theproject was designed and built exclusively byIndian engineers. It is a feat in civil engineeringthat the British had contemplated a century agoand abandoned as being too formidable.

Konkan Railway runs close to 1000 km,rides over 800 bridges (179 of them major),snakes through 92 tunnels and at its highestpoint it runs at an elevation close to QutabMinar’s top.

Konkan Railway project is an excellentexample of management and public relations.The project met its hero in Dr. E. Sreedharan, aveteran railway man known for his briskefficiency. The entire length of 760 km wasdivided into 7 sectors of approximately 100 km

TONY JOSES5 CE

KONKAN RAILWAYPROJECT

A A A A A CCCCCivil Engineering Fivil Engineering Fivil Engineering Fivil Engineering Fivil Engineering Feateateateateat- Bringing - Bringing - Bringing - Bringing - Bringing AAAAAestheticsestheticsestheticsestheticsesthetics

into Engineeringinto Engineeringinto Engineeringinto Engineeringinto Engineering

Fig 1

52

each. Each sector had a chief engineer with fullfreedom of decision making. In any civilengineering project, land acquisition is the mostdifficult and time consuming process. But herethe displaced people were assured that theirenvironment and ways of life would not bedisturbed. For land acquisition near Dargoan,a new burial ground was built and bones andremains from the old ground was transportedwith reverence. This shows how the mentorsof the project respected human sentiments.

DesignA near flat track and a curvature of 1.25

km radius was to be maintained to attain targetspeed of 160 km/hr. The problem was that theentire scenic Konkan coast is full of rivers,mountains, ravines, valleys and humansettlements. The only solution left was to borelong and numerous tunnels through the valleys,creating high embankments, making deep cutsbetween peaks and building several bridgesover water courses.

Technological InnovationsA few technologies untried in Asia till then

were adopted. The technologies ensuredreliability, longer service life and minimummaintenance. Some technology innovations areas follows- Satellite images were used for fixing

alignments.- Long welded rails on entire routes to ensure

noiseless travel and minimum maintenance.- Welding of rails by gas pressure welding.

- Pre-casting of pre-stressed concrete girders.- Adoption of hollow reinforced concrete

piers for tall viaducts constructed by slipforming.

- Panel interlocking and four aspect colourlight signalling.

- Forced ventilation of long tunnels.- Optic fibre communication networks.- Computer network along the route to

facilitate efficient train movements.

Ground PreparationKonkan area consists of dark coloured

volcanic lava flows and laterites that are spreadout forming the innumerable spurs, hills andhill ranges. Some part consists of phyllites,haematites and laterites. There are marine andriver alluvium towards the sea.

With diverse parameters, locating arailway line is indeed a fine art. A substantialportion of the Konkan railway route hasinvolved the use of earth work. The sequenceof earth work was as follows: The site wascleared. Marine clay was removed or treatedwith sand drains. Earth was dumped in layersof 30 cm, spreading with a bulldozer in uniformlayers. Water was sprinkled, rolled with roller,testing was done to ensure required density andthe process was repeated to achieve the requisiteheight.

Earth works in cuttings and banks werehighly vulnerable and required protection toensure stability and avoid damage during therains. Protections were provided through catchwater drains, side drains, side walls, Toe walls,Retaining walls and RCC troughs.

TunnelsThe construction of tunnels on Konkan

Railway was the most critical activity. TheKarbuide tunnel near Ratnagiri is 6506 m longand is the longest vehicular tunnel in the sub-continent. Mechanical drilling jumbos andhydraulic loader were used for tunnelling.Ventilation in tunnels consisted of providing600 to 900 mm diameter ducts made of plaingalvanised iron sheets, fitted with angle ringsand using rubber rings to make it leak proof.

53

In long tunnels ventilation was provided withshafts/adits. In Karbuck tunnel, 3 centrifugalfans with 150 KN capacity each, were providedat the top of shafts.Bridges

Bridge construction was a high point onthe Konkan Railway project. Major bridgeswere executed within a record time taking intoaccount safety and strength as crucialparameters. The bridges of Konkan Railwaybrought aesthetics into Engineering. Pretensioned, Pre Stressed Concrete (PSC) girdershad been adopted for construction of bridges.The Panval Nadi Viadult, the tallest bridge inAsia was the most formidable. For allowingsmooth navigation in the water, steel girderswere adopted for the Zauri and Mandovi rivers.The longest bridge (2065 m) was constructedover Sharavati river. In Konkan bridges cardinalprinciples for bridge construction-strength,durability, speed on construction and aestheticvalue have been implemented with a greatdegree of success.Conclusion

Konkan Railway has proved that Indiahas no lack of engineering skills. One majorfactor which contributed to the speedy

completion of the project was that, no politicalinfluences were allowed at any stage during thetenure of the project. By taking inspiration fromthis project, many large projects involving great

risk and capital input can be materialised. Thesuccess of this project is the fruit of hardwork,dedication, commitment and above all willpower of Indian engineers.

Today, while travelling through Konkan,the bridges, viaducts and tunnels are a feast tothe eye. The journey by itself is becoming knownas a tourist pleasure. Rarely have nature andman’s artifice blended so harmoniously.

54

PPPPPower line communication (PLC), alsocalled Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) orPower Line Telecoms (PLT) is a wire line methodof communication that uses the existing electricpower transmission and electricity distributionlines. The carrier can communicate voice anddata by superimposing an analog signal over thestandard 50 or 60 Hz alternating current.Traditionally electrical utilities used low speedpower line carrier circuits for control of substations, voice communications and protectionof high voltage transmission lines. More recently,high speed data transmission has beendeveloped using the lower voltage transmissionlines used for power distribution. A short rangeform of power line carrier is used for homeautomation and intercoms.

TYPES OF PLC TECHNOLOGIESI. a) INDOORIndoors, the PLC equipment can use the

household electrical power wiring as atransmission medium. This is a technique usedin home automation for remote control oflighting and appliances without installation ofadditional control wire. The home plug systemis an example of this technology. The X 10 homeautomation system uses power linecommunication at the zero crossing voltage pointin the AC wave.

Typically these devices operate by injectinga carrier wave of between 20 and 200 Khz intothe household wiring at the transmitter. Thecarrier is modulated by digital signals. Eachreceiver in this system has an address and canbe individually commanded by the signals

transmitted over the household wiring anddecoded at the receiver. These devices may eitherbe plugged into regular power outlets or elsepermanently wired in place. Since the carriersignal may propagate to nearby homes/apartments on the same distribution system, thesecontrol schemes have a “ house address” of theowner.

There are also some very low- bit rate powerline communication systems used for meterreading.

b) OUTDOORUtility companies use special coupling

capacitors to connect low frequency radiotransmitters to the power frequency ACconductors. Frequencies used are in the range of30 - 300 kHz, with transmitter power levels up tohundreds of watts. These signals may be impressedon one conductor, on two conductors or on allthree conductors of a high voltage AC transmissionlines. Several different PLC channels may becoupled onto one HV line. Filtering devices areapplied at sub stations to prevent the carrierfrequency current from getting bypassed throughthe station apparatus and to ensure that distantfaults do not affect the isolated segments of thePLC system. These circuits are used for control ofswitch gear, and for protection of transmissionlines. For example, a protection relay can use aPLC channel to trip a line if a fault is detectedbetween its two terminals, but to leave the line inoperation if the fault is elsewhere on the system.While utility companies use microwave and nowincreasingly, fiber optic cables for their primarysystem communication needs, the power linecarrier apparatus may still be useful as a backup

POWER LINE CARRIERCOMMUNICATION

G. KODEESWARA KUMARANLecturer

Elecrical & Electronics Dept.

55

channel or for very low cost installations thatdo not warrant a fiber drop.

II. BROAD BAND OVER POWER LINESBroadband over Power Lines (BPL) is the

use of PLC technology to provide broad bandInternet access through ordinary power lines.A computer or any other device would need onlyto plug a BPL “modem” into any outlet in anequipped building to have a high speed Internetaccess.

BPL offers obvious benefits over regular cableor DSL connections : The intensive infra structurealready available would allow more people inmore locations to have access to the Internet.Also, such ubiquitous availability would makeit much easier for other electronics, such astelevisions or sound systems, to hook up. Theamount of band width a BPL system can providecompared to cable and wireless is in question,however.

High speed data transmission, or Broadbandover Power Line (BPL) uses the electric circuitbetween the electric substations and homenetworks. A standard used for this is ETSI PLT.PLC modems transmits in high frequency (1.6to 30 MHz electric carrier). The asymmetric speedin the modem is generally from 256 kilo bit / secto 2.7 mega bit / sec. In the repeater situated inthe meter room the speed is up to 45 mega bit /sec and can be connected to 256 PLC modems.In the medium voltage stations, the speed fromthe head ends to the Internet is up to 135 megabit / sec. To connect to the Internet, utilities canuse optical fiber backbone or wireless link.

Some groups oppose the proliferation of thistechnology, mostly due to its potential tointerfere with radio transmissions. As powerlines are typically untwisted and unshielded,they are essentially large antennas, and willbroadcast large amounts of radio energy.

Recently, power and telecommunicationcompanies have started tests of the BPLtechnology, over the protests of the radio groups.After claims of interference by these groups,many of these trials ended early and proclaimedsuccesses, though the ARRL and other groupsclaimed otherwise. Some of the providersconducting those trials have now beguncommercial roll - outs in limited neighbourhoodsin selected cities, with some level of useracceptance. There have been many documentedcases of interference reported to the FCC byAmateur Radio users. A video clearly showingthe interference at a site at Briarcliff Manor, NYis available on the ARRL website. Because of

these continued problems, Amateur Radiooperators and others filed a petition forreconsideration with the FCC in February 2005.Austria, Australia, New Zealand and otherlocations have also experienced BPL’s spectrumpollution and raised concerns within theirgoverning bodies.

New FCC rules require BPL systems to becapable of remotely notching out frequencies onwhich interference occurs, and of shutting downremotely if necessary to resolve the interference.BPL systems operating within FCC part 15emissions limits, may still interfere with thewireless radio communications and are requiredto resolve interference problems,

Differences in the electrical distributionsystems in North America and Europe affect theimplementation of BPL. In North Americarelatively few homes are connected to eachdistribution transformer, whereas Europeanpractice may have hundreds of homes connectedto each substation. Since the BPL signals do notpropagate through the distribution transformers,extra equipments needed in the North Americancase.

III. STANDARDSSeveral competing standards are evolving

including the Home plug power line alliance(which has defined the Home plug 1.0 and isfinalizing the Home plug AV high - speednetworking technology), Universal Power lineAssociation , and the IEEE . It is unclear whichstandard will come out ahead.

IV. FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (FCC)

On October 14, 2004, the U.S. FederalCommunications Commission adopted rules tofacilitate the deployment of “Access BPL” - i.e. ,use of BPL to deliver broadband service to homesand businesses. The technical rules are moreliberal than those advanced by ARRL and otherspectrum users, but include provisions thatrequire BPL providers to investigate and correctany interference they cause. These rules may besubject to future litigation,

BPL vendors such as Amperion Inc. andCurrent Technologies LIC have begun offeringBPL service in limited areas.References

J.L . Blackburn (ed), Applied ProtectiveRelaying, Westinghouse Electric Corporation(1976) Newark, New Jersey USA., no ISBN,Library of Congress Card No. 76 - 8060.

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IIIIIt is an agreed fact that presently all gadgetsand equipments are becoming sophisticated,complex and over flexible.To provide too muchto the user, most of them are to be controlled bysoftware. Also there are systems likecommunication, e-banking and e-commercedepending on widely dispersed computersgeographical ly . Mult imedia and webapplications require software and artistic skills.State of the art, medical instrumentation andsimilar expert systems take data analysis toheights unimaginable. Therefore there is such ademand on software production that subjectsthe relatively young discipline of SoftwareEngineering to intense stress.

The time has come/ when a softwarecompany has to apply sound engineeringmethodology to software production process.The outsourcing of such production jobs todeveloping countries by software firms ofadvanced countries have resulted in renewedaspirations and expectations in some parts of theworld. Software jobs are in abundance and mostof our young B.Tech. students who graduate,find enormous placement opportunities in thisfield.

However, the challenges of this field shouldalso not go unnoticed. Software is abstract andintangible with its elegance, dependability,performance and quality, evading easymeasurement. Also software is the product ofcreative human mind. Automation and CASEtools, though available, often fail to deliver thegoods, especially in safety critical systems. Thus

a lot depends on the creativity, ingenuity, andinnovation of the software developer.Compounding this, there is the fact that softwarecannot be mass produced, since the requirementof each client is slightly different from that ofanother. So each software project is a 'one -offproject'. Each software firm has a culture andmethodology of its own. So the software madethere also will reflect this culture. Standards willbe different and so also the non - functionalaspects and qualities. Hence comparing themalso becomes difficult.

The behavioural models of software processhave been well documented. Most recently, theUML has offered an unambiguous tool fordescribing software systems and processes. Thisis especially suitable for the OOP paradigm. OOPalso encourages software reuse and prevents 'Re-inventing the wheel'. But increased code size isthe penalty paid. It is a fact that more and moreapplications now turn to OOP.

The requirement of extreme computing andthe inevitability of parallel processing in variousforms is another challenge. Graphics and Imageprocessing require different forms of DigitalSignal Processing, imposing involved

S O F T WS O F T WS O F T WS O F T WS O F T W A R EA R EA R EA R EA R EENGINEER INGENGINEER INGENGINEER INGENGINEER INGENGINEER ING

CHALLENGESCHALLENGESCHALLENGESCHALLENGESCHALLENGESOF THE 21OF THE 21OF THE 21OF THE 21OF THE 21STSTSTSTST CENTURY CENTURY CENTURY CENTURY CENTURY

PROF. P. DINAKARANHead of Department of

Electrical Sciences

57

computational techniques. The algorithms anddissection methods needed here make codeproduction a costly business. The semantic skillsof the programmer are stretched to extremelimits.

It is also true that all stages of the softwareprocess starting from requirement analysis toimplementation and testing are imprecise.

It is difficult, to even specify the requirementdesired of the software in precise ways. 'Wicked'problems arise even defying requirementdefinition. There are different paths to the finalgoal, and the easiest one may never getenlightened, because it is a creative job. Pastexperience and preferred, prejudiced practicesoften obscure optimal strategies.

Another problem is legacy systems andresistance to change. New tuning requirementsare often made, but the human element alwaysobjects to replacing systems with new ones. Solarge, inefficient systems continue and thesoftware engineer is asked to do 'patch -work'with no methodology, technique or tool. Achange in such a system may make many sideeffects which may come to notice only quite late.

Quality control is also difficult in softwareprocesses. Except in critical systems, there is nostrict quality metrics. So people tend to useindirect means like function points and lengthof code to measure quality. Because of theobvious intangible nature of software, qualitycontrol teams with lots of experience also often

fail to bring about the desired optimization inthe code, structure and configuration.

The spread of networking and the Internethave their own implications in this area. TheTCP/IP protocol suite which have become thede -facto 'glue' of the Internet has become allpervading. More well documented ISOstandards does not seem to get their due shareof utilization, since the Internet is already inplace. So innovations in the performanceimprovement of the various Internet protocolsis a demanding software challenge.

More and more safety and mission criticalsystems are in demand in fields like military,space research and environment researchapplications. Stringent objectives are to be metrequiring optimal design in many cases.Creativity and imagination are stretched to theutmost.

In spite of all these, we see the silver line overthe horizon. Formal theories of ComputerScience often give the required precision at theexpense of computational complexity. Massiveparallelism and distributed systems giveenormous computational power. Automaticgraphic and code generation packages andCASE tools give the software engineer withinnovative 'self - illumination', the necessaryexternal help. Often a genius mind arises andwakes up somewhere. Let us hope that softwaredesign will match the requirements andexpectations!

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THE STO RY

BEHIND

GLASSES

The job of engineers is to invent. Physicists discover the laws of nature,and engineers exploit the phenomena for some useful end. But in order

to exploit them the engineer needs to combine the phenomena, toregroup them, to modify them, to interfere with them; that is ,

to create something new from existing components.

- PROF. L. SOLYMAR

EEEEEven though glasswas discovered accident- ally about 4000 yearsago, this Science is still inits infancy. The termglass signifies a stateintermediate betweencrystalline solids andgaseous phase in thesense of atomicarrangement. The glassystate is an extrapolationof the liquid stateto lower temperatureand it is expected thatglass has a liquid likestructure in which long-range periodicity in thearrangement of atomsis absent. The propertiesof glasses are mainlycontrolled by this disordered structure. Thepractical applications of glasses in the modernworld continues to exploit the transparency,lustre,durability, optical and electrical propertiesof these materials. A large number of superionicglasses have been fabricated and they havefound numerous applications in devices such assolid state batteries, fuel cells, memory devices,display panels, etc. So it is one of the oldestmaterials finding new applications.

The term glass is commonly used to mean thefusion products of inorganic materials whichhave been cooled to a rigid condition withoutcrystallizing. The general answer to all the

questions about the glassproperties is that glassesare not in thermalequilibrium and that theatomic structure of glassis not periodic becauseglasses are not crystalline.Glass Formers andNetwork Formers.

B2O3, SiO2,Ge2O andP2O5 all of which comefrom a certain area of theperiodic table readily formglasses on their own whentheir melts are cooled andare commonly known as“glass formers”. As2O3and Sb2O3 also produceglass on their own whentheir melts are cooled veryrapidly. TeO2, SeO2, MoO3,

WO3, Bi2O3, Al2O3,Ga2O3 and V2O5 will not formglass on their own, but each will do so whenmelted with a suitable quantity of certain othernon-glass forming oxides. Hence they are knownas “conditional glass formers”.

Some alkali oxides like Na2O, Li2O, K2O,PbO and CaO which when added in smallquantities to the glass network forming oxidesproduce drastic changes (melting point,conductivity, etc.) in the properties of thelatter. Such oxides also modify the networkstructure of the glass and hence they aretermed as “ glass or network modifiers”.

DR. V1JOY P. S.Sr. Lecturer in Physics

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Density, mechanical properties, and thermalproperties of glasses are similar to those of thecorresponding crystals. However unlikecrystals glasses do not have a sharp, well-defined melting point. In the absence ofapplied forces and internal stresses, glasses areessentially isotropic. The schematicrepresentation of an ordered crystalline formand a glass of the same composition is shownin the following figures.

Atomic structural representation of(a) A2O3 crystal (b) A2O3 glass.

Preparation of Glasses

The range of glasses made is wider than everbefore. They include Silicate, Alkali Silicate,Boric oxide, Alkali Borate, Alkali boro Silicate,Chalcogenide, Halide and Metallic glasses. Thetechniques for producing glasses have alsoexpanded notably in recent years; some of themare commercially as well as academicallyimportant.

I Melt Quenching Method

a) Splat quenching method

b) Melt spinning method

c) Roller quenching method

II Sol-Gel Technique

III Ion Implantation Technique

IV Laser Glazing Technique

V Electrolytic Deposition Technique

Properties and Uses

Glass is now considered as the one of thebest scientific materials in the branch of

material science due to its wide range ofapplications. The ultra transparent glass fibersare capable of transmitting more informationthan copper wires. Glasses with high ionicconductivity have attracted interest becauseof their potential application as solidelectrolytes of variable composition that canbe fabricated easily. The exploitation of theelectronic conducting property of manyglasses is the base of the high-techdevelopment of the last two decades. Thisis the only area of glass science so far where aNobel Prize has been awarded. Electronicconduction is responsible for thephotoconductivity property in Se and As-Seglasses that have been the heart of thephotocopying process. Some electricallyconducting glasses display switching behaviourbetween insulator and semiconductor states.These are utilized in computer memorydevices. Electric conduction in amorphoushydrogenated sil icon and its alloys isresponsible for its photovoltaic behaviour,which is the basis of solar cell technology.Because of its good durability relative to mostmetals, glass is the leading candidate forfixation or immobilization of radioactivewaste. The combination of hardness andtransparency at room temperature along withsufficient strength and excellent corrosionresistance make glasses indispensable formany practical applications. Now-a-daysglasses have a prominent role in the field ofelectronics and have wide applications inIndustry, Space research, Computer memories,etc.

Latest news from the field of glass scienceis very much promising. Doping of nano-particles into the bulky glass matrix willproduce drastic changes in the properties ofbulk glass materials. It will be a newrevolution in technology. Let us wait for theglass revolution.

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A A A A A telescope is a device used to form amagnified image of a distant object. A very simpletelescope can be made from two convex lenses:one (the object glass, or objective) forms an upside-down image of the distant object; the second isused simply as a magnifying glass to examine thisimage. Telescopes for terrestrial use have an extralens to turn the image the right way up.Binoculars are twin telescopes that have extraoptical components to “fold” the light rays’ pathsand make the instrument compact.

Since the basic application of a telescope is tomagnify distant objects, it has great applicationsin astronomy. Although telescope was inventedby Hans Lippershey, a Dutch spectacle-maker in1608, it was Galileo who first used it forastronomical purpose in 1609. From theretelescopes have grown so much that a wide varietyof optical telescopes using different techniqueswere developed like the refracting telescope inUS Naval Observatory, the reflecting telescopein Palomar Observatory, near San Diego, theSchmidt telescope in European southernobservatory in Chile and the Multiple MirrorTelescope (MMT) in Whipple Observatory inArizona etc.

But the ground-based telescopes havedrawbacks of its own. Firstly, its size. The mostimportant of all the powers of an optical telescopeis its light-gathering power. This capacity isstrictly a function of the diameter of the clearobjective—that is, the aperture—of the telescope.

The advantage of collecting more light with alarger-aperture telescope is that one can observefainter stars, nebulas, and very distant galaxies.The increase in aperture will result in the overallincrease of the size of the telescope. Secondly,extreme care should be taken in mounting thetelescope. Any vibration in the mounting will alsobe magnified and may severely reduce the qualityof the observed image. Thirdly the atmosphere

will introduce a disturbance to the image due tofluctuating air currents in the path of the light froma celestial or terrestrial object.

While astronomers continue to seek newtechnological breakthroughs with which to buildlarger ground-based telescopes, it is readilyapparent that the only solution to some scientificproblems is to make observations from above theEarth’s atmosphere. A series of OrbitingAstronomical Observatories (OAOs) have beenlaunched by the National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration (NASA); the OAO launched in 1972(later named Copernicus) had an 81 cm telescopeon board. The most sophisticated space telescopeever to be made is the Hubble Space Telescope.Hubble Space Telescope

Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is the firstgeneral-purpose orbiting observatory. It was placedinto orbit about 600 km (370 miles) above the Earthby the crew of the space shuttle Discovery on April25,1990. It makes observations in the visible andultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.It has a 2.4-metre (94-inch) primary mirror, a smallersecondary mirror, and various recordinginstruments that can detect visible, ultraviolet, andinfrared light. The HST is equipped with fivedetectors: the Wide-Field Planetary Camera, theFaint Object Camera, the Faint Object Spectrograph,the High-Resolution Spectrograph, and the HighSpeed Photometer. It also has three fine-guidancesensors that can be used for high-precisionastronomical measurements such as determining thedistances of stars. The most important of theseinstruments is the wide-field planetary camera, itcan take either wide-field or high- resolutionimages of the planets and of galactic andextragalactic objects. This camera is designed toachieve image resolutions 10 times greater than thatof even the largest Earth-based telescope.A faint-object camera can detect an object 50 times

ANOOP K. T.S1 S2 EC

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fainter than anything observable by any ground-based telescope; and a faint-object spectrographgathers data on the object’s chemical composition.A high-resolution spectrograph receives distantobject’s ultraviolet light that cannot reach the Earthbecause of atmospheric absorption. The telescopetheoretically can resolve astronomical objects thatare at an angular distance of 0.05 arc second apart.

After one month of its launch scientistsdiscovered that its primary mirror had a sphericalaberration, which caused the mirror to producefuzzy rather than sharp images. The HST alsodeveloped problems with its gyroscopes and withits solar-power arrays. A service mission to repairthe problem was carried out in December 1993,using the space shuttle Endeavour. A device calledthe Corrective Optics Space Telescope AxialReplacement (COSTAR) was inserted in the slotfor the High-Speed Photometer, which had to beremoved to make room for it. The Wide-FieldPlanetary Camera, which had a different opticalpath from the other four instruments, was replacedwith the Wide-Field Planetary Camera II, whichconsisted of 10 tiny mirrors, to correct theaberration in the primary mirror.Objective

A second servicing mission was carried out inFebruary 1997: the main objective was to replacethe telescope’s two spectrographs with two newinstruments, the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) and the SpaceTelescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). The firstof these will enable the HST to view the birth ofstars as well as very distant objects at unparalleledresolution, while the spectrograph will enablespectrums to be obtained from 500 objectssimultaneously (where the previous instrumentscould only obtain one) and 30 times faster thanthe previous instruments. Many of the telescopesubsystems were also replaced or underwentmaintenance. A third mission was carried out inDecember 1999, which replaced all six of thetelescope’s gyroscopes and its computers.

After 15 years from its launch Hubble has takenabout 650,000 images, many of them breathtaking,of stars and galaxies. Some of Hubble’s mostglorious images show clouds of gas and dust, someof them hundreds of light years across. Clear ofthe earthly mists, Hubble peers through the mistsof time. With its sensitive eye, Hubble haswitnessed galaxies forming barely half a billionyears after the Big Bang -capturing light that wasgenerated 13 billion years ago. By flipping throughthe Hubble’s extra-ordinary snapshots, astronomers

can trace the development of planets, stars, galaxiesand the universe itself. Most of the 10,000 galaxiesit portrayed are mere tots, born only half a billionyears or so after the Big Bang. Some of them oddball shapes such as loops or spears, and after thesegawky youngsters collide, the theory goes, theydevelop structures that we recognize as morefamiliar-ellipses or, like our Milky Way, nice tidyspirals.

Perhaps the biggest surprise to come out of theHubble is that the universe is not just expanding,but expanding faster and faster, propelled by amysterious force called the Dark energy, whichconstitutes 70% of the stuff in the universe. InDecember 1995 the HST took one of its mostimportant pictures, a composite of images madeduring 10 days of exposures and known as theHubble Deep Field. By pointing the telescope atan area of sky devoid of bright objects and takinglong exposures, the astronomers were able toimage galaxies fainter (down to magnitude 30) andmore distant (up to 12 billion light years away)than any seen before. In October 1998 the telescopewas used to take a 36-hour infrared exposure of asmall portion of the Deep Field, revealing evenfainter, cooler, and more distant galaxies.

A major breakthrough occurred in the historyof Hubble when the HST obtained images of thefirst optical counterpart to be discovered of agamma-ray burster. In May 1998 it imaged TMR-1C in the constellation Taurus, which is believedto be the first extra-solar planet to be directlyobserved. The HST has also provided evidence forthe presence of a super massive black hole at thecentre of galaxies.

In a solar system not far from ours, the telescopewatched a planet pass in front of its parent star,which illuminated the planet’s atmosphere andrevealed its chemical elements. Even closer tohome, Hubble has discovered planetoids beyondPluto. And in 1994,it witnessed comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 crashing into Jupiter.

Since Hubble’s 1990 launch, astronomers havedeveloped ground-based scopes that squintthrough the atmosphere and rival some of theHubble’s observational powers. And other satellitetelescopes have joined Hubble in orbit. They’retuned x-rays or gamma rays, however, which arescientifically important but have less stirring thanthe good old visible light Hubble sees. Let us hopethat this magnificent creation of man stays in thesky to show us more inside the universe.

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WHAT IS BPO?

BBBBBusiness Process Outsourcing is the long-termcontracting out of non-core business processes to anoutside provider to help achieve increased shareholdervalue.

Many IT professionals are familiar with the termBusiness Process Outsourcing (BPO), but knowing howto distinguish it from other types of outsourcing requiressome scrutiny.

Though some forms of BPO may include both ITmanagement and business operations, the approach isprimarily about turning over functions such as payroll,accounting, billing or even real estate management to athird party. Though these business processes maydepend on IT, they are separate functions from core IToperations, such as data center activities or networkmanagement.WHY BPO?Free Your Resources and Work On Your Strategy

An important aspect of business process outsourcingis its ability to free corporate executives from some oftheir day-to-day process management responsibilities.Traditionally, executives spend 80 percent of their timemanaging details, and only 20 percent on strategy. Oncea process is successfully outsourced, the ratio can bereversed. Executives get more control over their mostvaluable resource: time. Time to explore new revenuestreams, time to accelerate other projects, and time tofocus on their customers.Improve Processes - Save Money

Companies that outsource business processes areoften able to re-engineer those processes and capturenew efficiencies. Then they can reallocate resources to

other important projects and leverage theirinvestment in technology. For example,processes that are handled in a sharedproduction environment for multiplecompanies are ideal for BPO and a lot ofmoney will be saved. ln most cases, high-caliber subject-matter experts are brought into design and manage these processes,bringing with them best practices,innovation, and years of experience thatmost companies don’t have access to or can’tafford on their own.Increase Your Capabilities

With this expertise often comes increasedcapability. In addition to doing things moreefficiently, you can expand your ability todeliver new products and services to yourcustomers. Then there are the factors ofscalability and scope. Companies that wantto grow internationally must continuouslyinvest in infrastructure and find talentaround the world. Many outsourcingproviders are already established globallyand can help make the growth process runsmoothly.WHY INDIA?

In order to meet the growing internationaldemand for lucrative, customer-interactioncenters, many organizations worldwide areoutsourcing these services from locations likeIndia. India has inherent strengths, which havemade it a major success as an outsourcingdestination:

ABHISHA FRANCIS S5 CS

63

ScopeA booming IT industry, with IT strengths

recognized all over the world.Language

The largest English-speaking population after theUSA.Manpower

A vast workforce of educated, English speaking,tech-savvy personnel: A boon in a high-growthindustry faced with a shortage of skilled workers.Cost-effective manpower

In a call interaction center operation, manpowertypically accounts for 55 to 60 percent of the totalcost. In India, the manpower cost is approximatelyone-tenth of what it is overseas. Per agent cost inUSA is approximately $40,000 while in India it is only$5,000.Technical support

India graduates about 100,000 engineers eachyear. These can be used in call centers fortroubleshooting/tech support, as the salaries aredramatically lower than in Europe or the US.Government Policy

The Government of India has recognized thepotential of IT-enabled services and has takenpositive steps by providing numerous incentives.

IT is one of the top five priorities of theGovernment of India . The National IT Task Forcesubmitted its 1 OS-point Action Plan to promote ITin the country. The Government of India hasapproved the plan and is in the process ofimplementing it.

A separate Ministry of Information Technologywas set up to expedite swift approval andimplementation of IT projects and to streamline theregulatory process.Information Technology Act 2000: The InformationTechnology Bill that was passed in the IndianParliament in May 2000, has now been notified asthe IT Act 2000. The IT Bill brings e-commerce withinthe purview of law and accords stringentpunishments to ''cyber criminals''. With this, Indiajoins a select band of 12 nations that have cyber laws.Regulatory Enablers

100% foreign ownership permitted in IT EnabledServices industry unlike other sectors where foreignownership is restricted.

Software Technology Parks (STPs) established toprovide ready to plug IT infrastructure and telecomfacilities.

Single window clearance for all regulatorycompliance issues.Infrastructure Enablers

Basic, Cellular, Paging and Internet Services

privatized. Domestic leased circuit tariff reduced by80% in last 1 year. International Internet Gatewayprivatized-likely reduction in tariff.

As India emerges as a global outsourcing hub,the industry is forecast to explode at exponentialrates - from 23,000 people and $ 10 million pa in1998 to over a million people and revenues in excessof $ 20 billion by 2008. Pivotal segments are goingto be back office operations, medical transcriptions,insurance claims processing, customer interactioncenters and content development. Current trendssuggest that the country is well on course forachieving the above target.BENEFITS OF BPOImproves productivity and operational efficiencies

Non-core business processes, such as humanresources and finance and accounting, are critical,but also resource-intensive, time-consuming, andcostly. Outsourcing improves operational efficienciesand drastically reduces costs without large, up-frontcapital investments.Reduce costs

BPO provides quantifiable benefits throughimproved efficiencies, lower overhead, reducedpayroll and benefit expenses, and fewer capitalinvestments.Allows organizations to focus on their core business

BPO allows organizations to move non-corebusiness processes to a services provider so that theymay focus on the more important strategic, revenue-generating programs that create profitable growthand sustain business success.Ensures best practices, skills, and technology

BPO provides access to proprietary workflowsystems, processes reengineering skills, andinnovative staffing and delivery models, combinedwith world-class technology delivered by experts.Provide access to scalable operations and on-demand resources

BPO provides the flexibility to respond to arapidly changing marketplace and scale operationsup or down as conditions dictate. In a BPOengagement, Go4BPO delivers access to global staff,processes, resources, and technology—whereverand whenever they are needed.Strengthen clients’ competitive position

Organizations must leverage a BPO strategy toimprove their financial and competitive positionsand differentiate themselves from competitors. BPOresults in increased customer satisfaction, moreefficient operations, access to global capabilities,increased cash flow, and faster time-to-market.

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SSSSSteganography literally means covered writing. It is theart and science of hiding information by embedding messageswithin other. It works by replacing bits of useless or unuseddata in regular computer files (such as graphics, sound, text,HTML) with bits of different invisible information.This hiddeninformation can be plain text, cipher text or even images.

The art of Steganography dates back to ancient Greece,where messages were etched in wooden tablets and they werethen covered with wax. Another method was by tattooing ashaved messenger’s head, then letting his hair grow and thenshaving it again when he arrives at his destination and so on.

Steganography is used sometimes when encryption is notpermitted. Encryption is actually sending messages by hidingthe information contained in it and this may be known onlyto the sender and the receiver. More commonly,Steganography is used to supplement encryption. Anencrypted fi le may sti l l hide information suitingSteganography. Even if the encrypted file is deciphered, thehidden message is not seen. Special software is needed forSteganography and there are freeware version available at anygood download sites.

Steganography includes a vast array of methods of secretcommunications that conceal the very existence of the message.Among these methods are - invisible inks, digital signaturesetc.

Steganography is the art of concealing the existence ofinformation within seemingly innocuous carriers. It can beviewed as akin to cryptography. Cryptograhic techniques“scramble” the messages if intercepted and the messagescannot be understood. Steganography in essence, “camouflages”a message to hide its existence and make it seem “invisible”thus concealing the fact that a message is being sent altogether.

PARVEEN AKHTHER A.Lecturer

Computer Science & Engg.

65

limitations of these methods will allow theconstruction of more robust methods that canbetter survive manipulations and attacks.

The main driving force is concerned overprotecting the copyright such as audio, videoand other works becoming available in digitalform, the ease with which the perfect copiescan be made and that may lead to large scaleunauthorised copying and this is of greatconcern to the music, film, book and softwarepublishing industries. At the same time,moves by various governments to restrict theavailability of the encryption services havemotivated the people to study methods bywhich private message can be embedded inseemingly innocuous over message.Watermarking means hidden copyrightmessages and fingerprinting means hiddenserial numbers or a set of characteristics thattend to distinguish an object from the othersimilar object, which is the latest advancementin Steganography. The idea is that the lattercan be used to detect copyright violators andthe former to prosecute them.

Conclusion

Steganography has its place in security.Hiding a message with Steganographymethods reduces the change of a messagebeing detected. However, if that message isalso encrypted, if discovered, it must also becracked.

Steganography is not a good solution tosecrecy, but neither is simple substitution andshort block permutation for encryption. Butif these methods are combined, we can haveeven much stronger encryption methods.

References :

AT&T Bell Laboratories Research WebPage, http://www.research.att.com.

Security and Privacy Issues by NellJohnson, http://www.jjtc.com/security

An encrypted message may draw suspicionwhile an invisible message will not.

Null ciphers (unencrypted messages) werealso used in Steganography. An example ofa message containing such a null cipher is :

Fishing freshwater bends and saltwater

coasts rewards anyone feeling stressed

Resourceful anglers usually find masterful

leapers fun admit swordfish rank

overwhelming anyday.

By taking the third letter in each word, thefollowing message emerges :

Send Lawyers,Guns, and Money.

Various Steganographic software packageswere explored. The evaluation process wasto determine the limitations and flexibility ofthe software readily available to the public.The files used for evaluation included two“message” files and two “container” files.The “message” files are those to be hidden inthe innocent looking “container” files. Theimages selected had to be altered to fit intothe constraints of the software and othercontainers were used. In all, a total of 25 fileswere used as containers.

Information Hiding : Steganography andWatermarking

Techniques for hiding information haveexisted for centuries. Methods includecommunication via invisible inks, microdots,covert channels and spread spectrumchannels. The techniques explored by theauthors involved embedding informationwithin digital media, specifically digitalimages. They analyse the limitations of thesedigital methods which can in turn be used todevise attacks. The goal of these attacks is toexpose the existence of a secret message or torender a digital watermark unusable. Finallyin assessing these attacks counter measuresare developed to assist in protecting digitalwatermarking systems. Understanding the

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EEEEEver since the era of Charles Babbage, computers had considerable development in all of itsparameters viz. operating speed, storage capacity, ease of use etc. They have also shrunk to a fractionin size, increasing their usage. As the control and assistance exerted by the computers in the life ofmankind attained a status beyond imagination, the need of fast and secure long distance communicationbetween them came to the fore. When the technologies like WAN and Internet failed to fulfill thedesired connectivity due to cost and security concerns, Virtual Private Network (VPN) emerged as aviable solution. It was conceptualized as an effective means for securely exchanging the informationbetween geographically distant locations using affordable public facilities like the Internet. It has thesame security and encryption features of a private network, while taking the advantage of the economyand remote accessibility of public networks. VPN scores further as it is capable of handling even theusers on the move, bringing mobility into the enterprise-wide corporate network.CREATION OF VPN

The key word in VPN is “Private”. Privacy and protection of data is of utmost importance whiledeploying services over the Internet, where it can be vulnerable to attacks. The last thing any firm maydesire is their sensitive corporate information to end up in the hands of a competitor or a hacker.Therefore a comprehensive solution might incorporate a firewall, router, proxy server and VPN softwareor hardware. The creation of a virtual private connection is a three step process comprisingauthentication, encryption and tunneling.1. Authentication

Authentication is the process of differentiating between the authorized users from unexpectedintruders. It also identifies his privileges in the Network. Authentication can be done through passwords,token and digital certificates. In order to authenticate the VPN users, a firewall is preferred. Whenused in conjunction with strong authentication, VPN can effectively safeguard the network from theintruders. Authentication is also performed periodically to ensure that the current entity is same, theone which initiated the session.2. Encryption

To ensure that the VPN is secure, controlling user access is only one part of the equation. Oncethe user is authenticated, the data itself needs to be protected as well. Without a mechanism to providedata privacy, information flowing through the channel will be in clear text and can easily be viewedor stolen with a packet sniffer. Encryption of data ensures the secrecy, making it intelligible only to theauthorized users. The data is decrypted and converted back into readable text at the destination.Although an unbreakable algorithm is yet to be developed, a sophisticated encryption system willgreatly minimize the chance for security gaps.3. Tunneling

VPN creates a data tunnel between the server and the clients over existing TCP/IP protocol toprotect data from interceptions. Tunneling or encapsulation is the transmission of data - intended for

SOJAN FRANCIS P.Lecturer

Electronics & Communication Dept.

67

usage only within a private network, through apublic network in such a way that the routingnodes in the public network are unaware that thetransmission is part of a private network. In thismethod, the data packet is wrapped within aTCP/IP packet. The client sends a stream ofencrypted data packets to a remote server whichinstead of going through a dedicated line, goacross the tunnel. Data packets headed towardsthe remote network will reach the tunnel initiatingdevice. It communicates with the VPN terminatorat the other end to agree on an encryption scheme.The initiator then encrypts the packets andtransmits. At the terminator end, packets aredecrypted and delivered to appropriatedestination. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) isone of the most popular tunneling protocols forVPN.TYPES OF VPN1. Remote-access VPN

Remote access refers to the ability to connectto a network from a distant location. Also calledas Virtual Private Dial-up Network (VPDN), thisis a user-to-LAN connection that may be used bya company having employees in need ofconnecting to the network from various remotelocations. Normally, a firm that wishes to set up aremote-access VPN will outsource it to anEnterprise Service Provider. The ESP sets up aNetwork Access Server (NAS) and provides theusers with desktop client software. TheTelecommuters can then dial to the NAS and usethe software to access the corporate network. ThusRemote-access VPN permits secured connectionsbetween a private network and remote users

through a third-party service provider.2. Site-to-site VPN

This is the connection between two LANsthrough dedicated VPN equipment and large-scale encryption. In this case, the sites arepermanently connected to the service provider viathe gateway that performs the tunnelingprocedure. Site-to-site VPN can be either:

Intranet based : If a company hasmany locations to be joined in a single privatenetwork, Intranet VPN can be created tointerconnect various Local Area Networks.

Extranet based : If a company has closerelationship with another, Extranet VPN can bebuilt to interconnect the private networks and thusvarious companies can work in a sharedenvironment.A client initiated Remote Access VPN isestablished through the following procedure:Step 1 : The remote user dials into their local ISPand logs into the ISP’s network.Step 2 : The user initiates a tunnel request throughthe ISP’s network to the destination security serveron the corporate network. The serverauthenticates the user and creates the other endof the tunnel.Step 3 : The data from the user’s end is encryptedby the VPN software and transmits through thetunnel over the ISP connection.Step 4 : The destination server decrypts thereceived data and forwards the data packets intothe corporate network. Any information sent backto the remote user is also encrypted beforetransmission.Positive Aspects of VPN

Low costSince VPN uses a public network like the Internetto distribute services over long distances,expensive leased lines become a thing of the past.In a traditional WAN, the number of leased linesincreases exponentially as the organization addsmore and more offices into the network. This limitsthe flexibility for growth, whereas VPN avoid thisbottleneck by tapping into an almost universallyavailable network.

Reduction in Management OnusManaging a VPN is a cakewalk compared to

owning and operating a private networkinfrastructure. Outsourcing the responsibility toa third party service provider makes it easier forthe management. Thus VPN can theoreticallyalleviate the support burden, as the service

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provider will generally be responsible forsupporting its dial-up customers.

ScalabilityScalability refers the ability of the network

to adapt to the changing needs of bandwidthand connectivity. For VPN, increase in numberof users does not result in increase of load as theusers are connecting from far off locationsthrough the Internet. Hence the network caneasily adapt itself to the dramatic increase ofusers.Downsides

Moving from a dedicated communicationnetwork into a shared one, obviously presentsenormous security challenges to theManagement. Perfect security is almostimpossible to guarantee for the data though wecan ensure a satisfactory level by implementingtoughest available measures. Since VPN rely ona public network, they are often at the mercy ofInternet Service Providers. Equipment problemscan plague them at any time. Lately ISPs areimproving the reliability of their networks bymaking them more redundant and upgradingthe infrastructure, but few will offer 100 percentavailability.

Number of VPN users has not yet reacheda point enough to make it affordable in masslevel. High cost of hardware and softwarerequired to enable the tunneled encrypted traffic

through the Net, makes the headway slightlydifficult. Other factors include staff to administerthe VPN and expense of Internet accounts forend-users.VPN Performance

There are a number of factors that cancontribute to the VPN’s performance. Whilesome of the issues may be related to the hardwareor software applications being used, much of itdepends on the Internet itself. The availabilityand speed of services may differ from one areato another, as well as provider to provider.Performance also depends on the encryptionscheme being used, as well as the client’s abilityto process it. Highly encrypted data takesconsiderable time frame to be transmitted,especially for large packets being sent through adial-up line.

So, when would a VPN be more feasiblethan a private network?

Global Access: Though the cost of domesticleased lines has gone down phenomenally, it isstill expensive and will take a longer installationtime.

When a large number of locations needs tobe part of a network, it would prove impracticalto physically connect various locations to eachother, making VPN the better choice.

When the mobile users are to be made partof the network.

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IIIIIn this modern day, computers are fastbecoming necessities. An engineering student,whatever stream he is studying needs to use acomputer even at home other than using it inrestricted hours at college. But when such astudent enters as a buyer in a computer markethe finds an overwhelming confusing scenariowith wide range of products. This feature triesto shed some light on how to choose a goodcomputer, which would be nice on your deskand on your pocket too.

Basically computer market is made of twosegments, branded and assembled.

A branded computer is a computer, whichis sold as a complete entity without any change.It is usually a product made by large companies(like Compaq, HP, Zenith, LG, etc) backed bylarge number of service centres. But they arepricey and also not entirely suited for our usesometimes. An assembled computer is acomputer in which the different components aredecided by the buyer and assembled by a personknown to the buyer or the computer productseller itself. In this feature we will be dealingwith assembled computer as it gives us themaximum juice for our money.

But before we enter into our deliberations the buyer should first decide two important things.

1) The budget for the system-the cost may vary from Rs. 15000 to around Rs. 60000. Also theremay be extra costs due to computer peripherals depending on the user’s requirement.

2) What will be the system used for? Are you a guy who only browses, uses word processor,listens to music and play simple games then only a simple PC will suffix but if you are a game enthusiastor a video audio professional then you should go for a powerful costlier system.

A PC has mainly two parts, the basic system and the peripherals.

Basic system is made of these components.

Processor Motherboard Keyboard Display card Floppy driveMonitor Speakers Hard disk Sound card Casing with SMPSMemory Mouse CD/DVD drive

Some of the peripherals are given below.

TV tuner card Modem Network card Web cam PrintersScanners Combo drive UPS CD/DVD writersAll in one printer Headphone with microphone

SUVESH G.Lecturer


PPPPPCCCCCShoppingShoppingShoppingShoppingShopping

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PROCESSOR

It is the heart of computer system,which processes our data at lightening speed. Nowadays theprocessors, which we see around us, are mostly 32-bit processors(i.e.they process 32 bits at a time).There are only two or three manufacturers, which are producing competing products in this field.

1) Intel is one of the most popular processor manufacturing industry. Their processors have veryhigh clock speeds, which helps them to process data quickly. But their products are pricey. They havetwo series of products.

a) Celeron is a comparatively cheaper processor.

b) Pentium 4 having more processing power is the big brother of Celeron.

2) AMD (Advanced Micro Devices) was a slow starter but it has made its presence felt quickly.It has made products, which are cheaper but gives the same performance as Intel’s products. Theyalso have two famous brand names.

a) Sempron, the cheaper version.

b) Athlon, the powerful version.

AMD’s processors have lower clock speeds but their pipeline lengths are smaller which makesthem quicker in some. They now have introduced 64 bit processor. Thus making them the future ofprocessing.

3) Cyrix- Their processors are slowly diminishing from market, as their clock speeds are verylow. But their products are very cheap

4) IBM (International Business Machines) They supply processors for the stylish computers ofApple Corp.

Name of the Company Product Name Price Range

Cyrix Cyrix 1000-1500

AMD Sempron 2000-4000

AMD Athlon 64 Bit 5000-8000

Intel Celeron 3000-4000

Intel Pentium4 5000-10000

MOTHERBOARD

It is the backbone of our system,whichconnects the processor to the memory, harddisk and all other input-output devices.Different motherboards are needed fordifferent families of processors. Usuallymotherboards are described bestdepending on the chipset present inthem. Chipsets are the connections(controller chip) in motherboard towhich the processors are attached.Chipsets currently available for Intel are875,915,925, etc. While AMD useschipsets like Nvidia nForce2, 760, etc.

AGP Slot forkeeping the graphiccard

the slot for keepingthe processor

Memory Slots

Slot for connectingthe floppy driveconnector

Slot for connectingthe hard diskconnector (2 slots)

PCI Slots (5 slots)

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Motherboards for Athlon are available in the Rs.2000-4000 range, while motherboards for Pentiumcosts between Rs.2000 and Rs. 6000 depending on their performance.

When buying a motherboard we should also consider these things.

1) Maximum amount of memory (RAM), the motherboard can support.2) The motherboard should have the latest chipset and should be able to support the latest memory

available in the market.3) System speed (the speed with which data transfer occurs in the motherboard) should be considered.4) At least three PCI slots should be present. PCI slot is a slot through which certain cards like TV

tuner card, sound card, modems, etc. are connected to the motherboard.5) Similarly more than two USB ports are needed. USB ports are needed for connecting devices like

digital camera, portable mp3 player to motherboard.6) Also watch out for new features like SATA, PCI Express, SLI, etc.

MEMORY

Memory acts like a buffer between the processor and the hard disk to compensate for the largedifference in speed of the two. Memories can be bought in a wide range of sizes from 32 MB to 1024MB. Nowadays at least 256 MB RAM is a necessity without which some programs can’t even start. Ifyou are buying 256 MB it is always good to buy two modules of 128 MB, as the processor will takedata from two slots of memory at the same time thus increasing the overall performance.

The speed of memory is also an important factor, which has to be considered. The newest onesrun at speeds like 333 MHz, 400 MHz and 533 MHz.

The memories are of different types like SD RAM, RD RAM, DDR RAM and DDR2 RAM. CurrentlyDDR RAM is being used in our systems. Always buy memory from well-known manufacturers likeHynix, Corsair, etc.

Product Name Price Range (in Rupees)

128 MB DDR 600 -1000

256 MB DDR 1000 - 3000

1 GB DDR 7000 - 8000

MONITOR

A good viewing experience can be got only if your monitor is from a good manufacturer. Refrainbuying monitors of unknown brands. Mostly LG, Samsung and Philips rule the monitor segment.Monitors can be broadly divided into three groups- ordinary, flat and LCD. LCD screens arethe costliest of the lot. For a student, a 15 inch screen is more than enough and will cost less thanRs. 5000 to Rs. 8000.

HARD DISK

Nowadays we are using video and audio much more than earlier used. So we need a spacioushard disk. They come in all capacities from 20 GB to 250 GB. Buy at least an 80 GB hard disk whichhas a good storage to price ratio. rpm (revolutions per mintue) is used to describe hard disk’s speed.Till now 5600 rpm hard disks were available. But now the costlier models having 7200 rpm and 10000rpm are making their presence felt.

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5V, 12 V) as required by the different componentsin the system. Cabinet’s choice is dependent onthe aesthetic sense of the user. The cabinet’s frontpanel should at least have one USB port forconnecting different peripherals like digitalcamera, portable hard disk, etc.

SMPS used should be a quality producthaving 300W specification at least. But if youare having power guzzling graphic cards andprocessors in your system them the SMPS shouldalso be powerful. So you should consider movingto the SMPS with 400W or 450W.

Casing costs about Rs. 1000 - 2000 whileSMPS costs about Rs. 400 - 600.

SPEAKERSIn the present day a multimedia PC without

speakers is unthinkable. The price range ofspeakers is wide from Rs. 250 to aroundRs. 50000. When comparing different speakersystems, don’t compare the PMPO (Peak MusicPower Output), which is misleading. Alwayscompare the rms power. There are even high-end speakers (5.1,6.1,7.1,8.1 systems), whichconform to Dolby digital, DTS and THXstandards. But they are prohibitively expensivecosting above Rs. 20000.

Most of the motherboards sold today havesound card and display card integrated intothem. So if you have less money to spare, youdon’t have to buy these cards as the inbuilt cardsare of very high quality. But if you are ademanding user you can obtain these cards.Normal display cards cost about Rs. 2000 whilethe high performance cards may costs Rs. 10000or more. An ordinary sound card costs less thanRs. 500 while the cost of high quality sound cardsmay be atleast Rs. 2000.

We have gone through the differentcomponents required for your system. Beforeending this article I want you to know that eachof these components would be having individualwarranty. Don’t forget to get the warranty cards,software CDs and user manuals from yourassembling store. And it would be a good ideato remain with the assembler while the systemis being assembled. The prices shown here areas on August 2005. This is a very dynamic fieldand the price scenario changes very rapidly.

The IDE interface is cheap. The new SATA(Serial ATA) interface is much better than IDE,but costs a bit more.

The 40 GB hard disks usually costs aboutRs. 2500. 80 GB hard disks costs about Rs. 3000.For those who want to store a lot, 120 GB and160 GB hard disks are available in the price rangeof Rs. 3000 - 5000.

COMPACT DISK DRIVE (CD ROM drive)Without this drive you won’t be able to use

your video, audio and mp3 discs. Most of thesoftware is also got on CD’s these days. LG andSamsung are the market leaders in this product.If you want to read the DVDs too then shell outa thousand rupees and you will get a DVD drive.But today’s trend is towards the CD writer,which helps us to write our important data(videos and mp3) into CDs and stock themsafely.

CD ROMs are available in the 500 -750 pricerange. DVD Drives and CD Writers are availablefrom Rs. 1000 to Rs. 2000.

FLOPPY DRIVEIt is very cheap (around Rs. 300 -500), but

is a necessity. So make sure you have a floppydrive.

KEYBOARDOne of the oldest input devices, still it is one

of the most important one. At present most ofthe keyboards in the market are Internet ready(i. e. having certain keys which are specificallyfor browsing). Before buying the keyboard, seeif the keyboard has soft keys and a wide armrest.Ordinary keyboards cost about Rs. 300 while itmay be as high as Rs. 2000 for wireless variants.

MOUSELike keyboard it should be comfortable in

your hand. Scroll mouse is a very good idea. Thescroll helps in quickly navigating through longtext files. Normal mouse costs anything betweenRs. 250 and 500.CASING WITH SMPS (SWITCHED MODEPOWER SUPPLY)

Casing or cabinet is usually bought withSMPS in it. SMPS is the power supply, whichconverts the ac supply into the dc voltages (3.3V,

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1.1.1.1.1. SPEED UP YOUR INTERNET CONNECTIONSPEED UP YOUR INTERNET CONNECTIONSPEED UP YOUR INTERNET CONNECTIONSPEED UP YOUR INTERNET CONNECTIONSPEED UP YOUR INTERNET CONNECTION(works for Windows XP Professional)

By default, MS-Windows XP Pro uses 20% of the user’s modembandwidth for updates, interrogation etc. If you use a 56 kbpsmodem, XP Pro reserves about 11 Kbps for its exclusive use.(Modem may show 56 or 54.6 or other speeds, but fact is thatyou don’t get the whole speed).

Here’s what you should do:(i) Click Start Run type 'gpedit.msc'.(ii) This opens the policy editor. Then go to Local Computer Policy

Computer Configuration Administrative Templates Network QOS Packet Scheduler Limit Reservable bandwidth. SANJEEV S.

S5 CS(iii) Click 'Explain' tab.Read the details.

(iv) Now Enable reservable bandwidth & set it to zero than default 20%............ and watch your system speed up.

2.2.2.2.2. LOCK YOUR PC WITH A FLOPPY DISKLOCK YOUR PC WITH A FLOPPY DISKLOCK YOUR PC WITH A FLOPPY DISKLOCK YOUR PC WITH A FLOPPY DISKLOCK YOUR PC WITH A FLOPPY DISK(1) Click Start Run.(2) Type ‘Syskey’ and OK.(3) You have now entered Windows XP Account Database. Click on Update Window button.(4) In the next window, your options should say you have a system generated password and startup key

locally will be selected. Choose store startup key on Floppy disk and follow on-screen instructions.(5) Done!! But BE CAREFUL, make sure the floppy drive or system will not Boot up.

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AAAAAn introduction to HardwareWhen most people think about computer technology, they

think only about hardware because it is the physical, touchablematerial parts of a computer.

It would be nice to offer a framework for understanding someof the key hardware concepts, a good rule of thumb is, if you candelete it, it’s software, if not, it’s hardware. i.e. practically anythingthat you can see and touch are classified as hardware (like CPU,keyboard, disks, chips, cards etc.). On the otherhand the programsand operating systems that work on the hardware are collectivelyreferred to as software. Software can be removed with the click ofbutton, while hardware requires a little more physical effort toget rid off.

The types of hardware are endless, but commonly used arecomputers, peripherals and network hardware. Printers, monitors,modems, scanners and external drives are all consideredperipherals to the computer. Network hardware includes all thewires, cables, routers and switches that let computers talk to oneanother. This is the hardware that is usually handled by the systemadministrator and not the users. System administration andmaintenance or upgrading hardware by computer hardwareprofessionals can help to keep the network from crashing or evenour computer from crawling.Upgrading a Computer

In today’s world of constant change, the task most frequentlyperformed by a computer professional is upgrading old systemsto the latest technologies. The ability to expand and upgradecomputer can prolong the life and utility of the system. With newtechnology being introduced everyday, it is a constant struggle tostay up-to-date.

The problem that most frequently causes users to seek a computerupgradation is about the need for more computer’s memory.Memory upgradation is perhaps the simplest to perform, but theycan be very confusing without advanced planning. The five thingsto be considered before installing memory are:* Memory chip format- Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM) or

Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM).* Memory Speed -it is the time required to access data measured

in nano seconds.* EDO RAM - Extensively used with Pentium processors to

improve the over all performance.* Parity - It is used to check the reliability of data.* Cache memory (L1 & L2)- It is fixed in most cases but some

machines allow the 12 cache to be upgraded or expanded.As a hardware technician, we must know how to up date the

CPU in an existing machine although installing a new CPU isbecoming less common as prices of a new motherboard or evennew machines continue to drop. Upgrading a CPU is very simplebut understanding the possible scenarios for a successful upgradecan be more challenging. As CPU is the “brain” of the computer,

upgrading this single component canbring new life to an aging system.

Installing expansion cards is one ofthe most common system upgrades.Before installing, it will be a good ideato make sure that it will work in thesystem to be upgraded. The latesttechnology available for installingexpansion cards is called plug andplay, which allows the user to makeconfiguration changes with minimaladjustment.

Upgrading an IDE (IntegratedDrive Electronics) drive requires somehardware (correct drive, place toinstall and proper cables and softwarecreating a bootable MS- DOS diskcontaining disk utilities) preparationto get it running properly.

Installing a new motherboard isone way to completely overhaul acomputer. To undertake this majoroverhaul is a major task. Replacing amotherboard is probably the mostdifficult task that a computertechnician will take up.

So if we carry out the proceduresstep by step at a time, we will not faceany problem in computer upgradation.As we conclude, the following twopoints will summarize the mainelements of upgrading the computers.* Performing upgradation is one of themost common tasks of a computertechnician.* Good knowledge in computerhardware is an essential requirementfor upgradation.

VEENA V.S5 CS

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RRRRResistors and capacitors are used in muchlarger quantities than any other type of components.But have you ever wondered why these are stockedand sold only in “standard values”? For example,the value of resistors commonly available in themarket, say from I kiloohms, are 1k, 1.2k, 1.5k,1.8k, 2.2k, and so on.

Resistor manufacturers produce certain fixedvalues only, and not all possible values. Then, howare these values arrived at? These are neither randomnumbers nor any fancy numbers but are based onthe principle of geometric progression. The numbersshown in the above example are more commonlyknown as the ‘preferred values’.

The concept of preferred values (standardvalues) was suggested by Charles Renard in 1870.He had suggested a similar scheme to reduce theenormous number of cordage sizes used for ballonmoorings in the French army. Electronic industriessubsequently adapted these series of numbers forease of production and stock.Standard E seriesStandard E seriesStandard E seriesStandard E seriesStandard E series

By definition, a geornetric Progression is writtenas

N= arn-1

where a is the first term, r is the common ratio,and N is the nth term in the geometric series.

Renard suggested a formula for choosing thecommon ratio ‘r’. If ‘k’ represents the number ofunits in a decade (i.e. number of distinctive valuesin a decade), then the common ratio ‘r’ to be chosenfor optimum stock is given by

He also suggested to choose first term a=1.

Therefore, the series becomes N=( )n-1

N=1*( )n-1

For example, if it is required to choose threedistinctive values in a decade, substitute k=3in the above equation.

Then r = =2.2

Hence N = (2.2)n-1

Then values in a decade are 1.0, 2.2 and4.7.(Note that the values are rounded off), wecall the above as E3 series in electronicstandards, denoting three preferred values in adecade.

The E3 series will be 1.0, 2.2, 4.7, 10,22, 47,..... and so on in the subsequentdecades.

Other 'preferred value' series are E6, E12,E24, E48, and E96. Applying the sameprinciples, the series and their decade valuesare shown in Table 1(only E3, E6, E12, & E24series are shown here).

Manufacturers normally choose one E-series and produce components accordingly.Usually, resistors are available in E12 and E24series, capacitors in E6 and E12 series(electrolytic type in E6 and other in E12) andpotentiometers in E3 series. Generally, E24series onwards are used only for precisioncomponents.

LIJO JOHNS5 AE

kr = √10

k√10k√10

3√10

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TABLE 1Preferred Values

E3E3E3E3E3 E6E6E6E6E6 E12E12E12E12E12 E24E24E24E24E24

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

1.1

1.2 1.2

1.3

1.5 1.5 1.5

1.6

1.8 1.8

2.0

2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

2.4

2.7 2.7

E3E3E3E3E3 E6E6E6E6E6 E12E12E12E12E12 E24E24E24E24E24

3.3 3.3 3.3

3.6

3.9 3.9

4.3

4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7

5.1

5.6 5.6

6.2

6.8 6.8 6.8

7.5

8.2 8.2

9.1

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The Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel directedin his will that out of the interest received from afoundation which was to be established, five prizesshould be awarded every year: ''One part to theperson who has made the most important discoveryor invention in the field of physics;one part to theperson who has made the most important chemicaldiscovery or improvement; one part to the personwho has made the most important discovery inthe field of physiology or medicine; one part tothe person who has produced the most outstandingliterary work of an idealistic trend; one part to theperson who has done the most or the best for thebrotherhood among the nations....” Later on onemore discipline was added to the list. In 1968,the Bank of Sweden instituted the prize in EconomicSciences in memory of Alfred Nobel. The prizewinners are announced in the month of Octoberevery year. They receive their awards (a prizeamount, a gold medal and a diploma) onDecember 10, the Anniversary of Nobel’s death.

Since the first Nobel prize was awarded in1901, Alfred Nobel’s wish in his will has beencarried out almost every year. The members ofthe jury selecting the prize winners have repeatedlydistinguished themselves by their impartialjudgement. In the scientific sphere the award ofthe Nobel prize is ,without question, the highestdistinction.

Dr. VINEETHA. C. P.Sr. Lecturer in Chemistry

The first Nobel prize for Chemistry wasawarded to professor J. H. Vant Hoff,(Berlin) forthe discovery of the laws of chemical dynamicsand osmotic pressure in solution. In the next year(1902) professor Emil Fischer was the winner ofthis prestigious prize in recognition of hisinvestigation on sugar and purines, in whichresearch attained ''its greatest and finest form”. In1903, the award was presented to professorS. Arrhenius, Stockholm for the contribution hehas rendered to the advancement of chemistry byhis electrolytic theory of dissociation. Sir WilliamRamsay, from London discovered the inert gaselements in air and determined their place in theperiodic system which fetched him the Nobel prizein 1904. In the subsequent year, A. Von Baeyerreceived the award for his services in theadvancement of organic chemistry and chemicalindustry, through his work on organic dyes andhydroaromatic compounds.

A French scientist H. Moissan (1906) won thiscoveted prize for the isolation of the elementFluorine and for the adoption in the service ofscience of Electric furnace called after him. Buchner,then professor at the Agricultural University in Berlinopened up the way for chemical investigation ofcell free fermentation processes. In recognition ofthis contribution he received the 1907 Nobel prize.The award in 1908 was presented to Professor

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E. Rutherford of Manchester, for his investigationsinto the disintegration of the elements and thechemistry of radioactive substances. WilhelmOstwald suceeded in finding the fundamentalexplanation of the already well-known andtechnically utilized process of catalysis by way ofcombination with Thermodynamics. For this andfor many other achievements, he was honouredwith the Nobel prize in 1909. In 1910 OttoWallach received the Nobel prize for his pioneeringwork in the field of alicyclic compounds whichcontributed to the growth of organic chemistry andchemical industry.

Ms. Marie Curie, Paris was honoured in 1911for the discovery of the Radioactive elements,radium and polonium. Next year this award wasshared by V. Grignard and P. Sabatier,Grignard,for the discovery of the Grignard reagentand Sabatier for his method of hydrogenatingorganic compounds in the presence of finelydisintegrated metals. Their contributions havehelped the development of organic chemistry inlater years. Noble prizes awarded in chemistrylater have been mostly for the contribution in thefield of organic chemistry as evidenced by thefollowing: Richard Martin Willstatter (1915);Heinrich Wieland (1927); Adolf Windans(1929 );Sir Walter Haworth (1937); Paul Karrer (1937);Adolf Butenandt (1939); Leopold Ruzicka(1939);Sir Robert Robinson (1947); Kurt Alder (1950);Otto Paul Hermann Diels (1950); HermannStandinger (1953); Linus Carl Pauling (1954);Vincent Du Vigneaud (1955); Robert Woodward(1965); Sir Derek Harold Richard Barton (1969);Sir John Cornforth (1975); Vladimer Prelog (1975);William N. Lipscomb,Jr. (1976); Herbert CharlesBrown (1979); George Witting (1979); RoaldHoffmann (1981); Donald James Cram (1987);Jean- Marie Lehn (1987); Charles J. Pedersen(1987); George A. Olah (1994); Robert F. Curl(1996); Sir Harold W. Kroto (1996); Richard E.Smallay (1996).

So far we have been discussing about thecontributions of the distinguished chemists who wonNobel prize in the twentieth century. More recentlyit is found that a Nobel prize in one year is sharedby a group of scientists or more than one group

of scientists. In 2001, the Nobel prize was sharedby two groups of research workers; one by WilliamStandish Knowles and Ryoji Noyori for their Chirallycatalysed hydrogenation reactions and the otherby K. Barry Sharpless for the chirally catalysedoxidation reactions. The 2002 Nobel award wasone half jointly to John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanakafor their development of soft desorption ionisationmethods for mass spectrometric analysis ofbiological macromolecules and the other half toKurt Wuthrich for his development of nuclearmagnetic resonance spectroscopy for deterrminingthe three-dimensional structure of biologicalmacromolecules in solution. In 2003, the prizewas awarded for discoveries concerning channelsin cell membranes; one half of the prize to PeterAgre for the discovery of water channels and theother half of the prize to Roderick Mackinnon forthe structural and mechanistic studies of ionchannels. The prize was shared by AaronCiechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose in2004 for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediatedprotein degradation.

The 2005 award goes to Yves Chauvin(France), Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock(USA) for the development of the metathesismethod in organic synthesis.

Of course, one may not forget to mentionpersons who received Nobel prize more than onceand the field of chemistry has some such examplesto show. The first one is Maria Sklodowska- Curie(1911) who had already received the Physics prizein 1903 for her studies on radioactivity, while LinusPauling (1954) received a second prize in 1962for his peace efforts. Biochemistry is the only fieldwhich can show a person receiving two Nobelprizes in Chemistry namely Frederick Sanger whowas honoured in 1958 and 1980.

In chemistry we find compared to otherdisciplines-the broadest range of institutions hostingNobel prize winners.

United States is with a ratio of 38.3% of allNobel prize Laureates, the dominant country.Germany (20.6%) and U. K (17.7%) follow onrank 2 and 3. Undoubtedly the Nobel prize is thehighest honour that a scientist can ever dream of.

81

LLLLLibraries are obselete because reading isno more an interesting hobby. This is theinformation technology era . Everything isobtained on the Internet.

Has the Internet put an end to the readinghabit? Serious and conventional reading stillexists without much changes, though themeans and objects may have changed. HarryPotter, fifth volume [Harry Potter & the HalfBlooded Prince] is a good example for this. Onthe publishing day itself, amazon.com [world’slargest online book seller] got above 5 lakhs ofbooking for this volume from U.K. itself. Eventhough, all newspapers are available in onlineform, nobody is logging on to manoramaonline.com or mathrubhumi.com, earlymorning by sipping up a cup of black tea.

The Internet is not at all an alternative tolibraries. Millions of people around the world,find it amazingly simple to search for anyinformation such as articles on artificialintelligence, marketing tips for managers,communication tips, interviewing techniques,access to matrimonial bureaus and so on. Soit is likely to think ''google is a blessing tomankind”. That is why almost all queries arelaid to millions of sites. Among these sites afew would be relevant for a particular user.Due to the abundance of sites, users can’t gothrough all these. It is like an ocean ofknowledge without a navigator. Then howcan a user sail through this chaotic condition?

But libraries are well organised and wellarranged place of knowledge, administered byknowledge managers. Due to technologicalexplosion, libraries have witnessed a drasticchange. That is, by the emergence of digitallibraries, it is nothing but an organisedcollection of digitalized materials with nophysical counterpart which can be accessibleentirely from a desktop computer. This is thefulfillment of the motive of the libraries, ie toprovide right information to right users at theright time.

The Internet and the world wide web arenot digital libraries. They have provided theimpetus and technological environment forthe development and operations of digitallibraries. Internet and web are the keycomponents of digital libraries. But digitallibraries are much more than this. A digitallibrary could be accessible any where, at anytime, in a much richer content and in a morestructured manner. Digital libraries facilitatebetter preservation and conservation becausean accurate copy of an original can be madeavailable any number of times. They occupyless space and need less man power. Theyfacilitate a scholar to refer his library, even bylying in his bedroom. Unlike the Internet,digital libraries have navigators- they may becalled librarian, knowledge managers orhuman search engines.

NASIRUDHEEN T.Librarian

85

TTTTT houghts have great power.

Thoughts are like seeds you plant in your Mind.

The more ypu hold to a particular thought, the more power you invest in it.

Positive thoughts give us energy and strength.

Negative thoughts rob us of power and make us feel tired and strained.

We are by nature - positive.

Negativity is the result of faulty thinking.

You can change if you want to.

You can’t control other people, situations or circumstances,

But you can control what is going on inside you.

It takes time to change those old patterns of thinking.

Be patient with yourself.

It starts with a positive thought.

To A l l My Fr iends

AKHIL E. R.S1 S2 CE

86

I wonder what has happened to meBecause I can Neither drink nor eat.

I miss your smile that brought a smile to my faceAnd your “Hello” that added colours to my life.

Now you never ring me or remember meStill you have a special place in my heart.

I close my eyes and see you besideThat’s what you are and you will be for me.

But It’s all over now, becauseNow I have understood that

Our lives are like parallel linesThat can Never meet and will never meet.....

PARVEEN S.S1 S2 EC

87

IIIIIf a child lives with criticism, he learns to condemn.

If he lives with hostility, he learns to fight.

If he lives with fear, he learns to be apprehensive.

If he lives with pity, he learns to feel sorry for himself.

If he lives with jealousy, he learns to feel guilty.

If he lives with encouragement, he learns to be confident.

If he lives with tolerance, he learns to be patient.

If he lives with acceptance, he learns to love.

If he lives with approval, he learns to like himself.

If he lives with fairness, he learns to value justice.

If he lives with honesty, he learns to value truth.

If he lives with security, he learns to have faith in himself and others.

If he lives with friendliness, he learns that the world is a good place to live in.

Facts:Facts:Facts:Facts:Facts:

A human relationship is not a mechanical application of techniques,A human relationship is not a mechanical application of techniques,A human relationship is not a mechanical application of techniques,A human relationship is not a mechanical application of techniques,A human relationship is not a mechanical application of techniques,it is the key to helping people.it is the key to helping people.it is the key to helping people.it is the key to helping people.it is the key to helping people.

G. N. MOHITHS5 CE

88

LLLLLooking back, I just see the red stone wall behind my back,Against which I sit reclined.But gazing dreamily on to it,Do I not see the past, the years that have gone by?They’ll never come back because they have flown.......

Then the night comes and I watch the star - studded sky,The moon’s beams encompass me, and make my spirits high.Now I see myself as a plump little babeKicking its legs and its eyes in spate;And mother comes running,lifts up her ‘little princess’ in her warm handsAh ! Those I must say were the best days of my life.

When every little wish was carried out,When you could eat anything under the sun,When you were free to run about and have lots of fun,When there were no restrictions, no worries, no pains and no gains.

Then the kicking babe grows up,Into a whining school kid with a satchel,‘I can’t part from mum’, she yells.And of course she’s named, ‘the naughtiest girl in school’Then, through the rain-beaten window pane,I see mum running behind me with a cane,As I’d rolled in mud and got wet in the rain!!

Suddenly, I woke up from my trance,I’m brought back from my dreamy prance.Then did I realise that I was no longer a child!But I pray to the Lord even now,‘Please turn me back into a kid once more,Bring me back those ages of yore.let me cuddle into mum’s lap again,And forget everything else which gives me pain’........

ASWAJA N.S1S2 EC

89

AtΩ AtΩ amas‚ hoń¬

c≠p-\mƒ t]mbn Rm≥ \n∂n-St´

AΩmbn apt∂ ]d-™n-cp∂p

A∏p-h-s∂s∂ Iq´p-sa∂v

sXt°-sØm-Sn-bnse N°-c-am-hns‚

amºgw Xn∂m≥ sImXn-bm-hp∂p

Im‰Øp hogp∂ amºgw t\Sm≥

Iq -cp-am-sbmØv t]mbn-Sm-t√m.

sImbvØp-I-gn-s™mcm IÆm-‰p-]m-SsØ

Bº¬Ip-f-Øn¬ Nq≠-en-Sm≥

A∏phpw Ip´\pw io°p- nbpw IqSn

X©-Øn¬t∏mbn ckn-®n-Smt√m

ap‰Øp \n¬°p-∂n-e™n ac-Øn¬

AΩm-h≥ sIńb Du™m-en¬

BImiw aps´ Db-c-Øn¬

BSn-∏mSn Ifn-°mt√m

Aßp Ing-°mbv°m-WW

Ip∂n≥ apI-fn¬ Ib-doSmw

Iq -cp-sam-Øm-Ip-∂n≥ \ndp-I-bn¬

BImiw t\m°n-°n-S-∂o-Smw.

Ip∂n≥sN-cp-hnse ]qt¥-\-cp-hn-bn¬

Iq -tcm-sSmØp Ifn-®oSmw

C. K. RAVINDRANAdministrative Assistant

\o¥n-Øp-Sn°mw apßmw Ipgn-bnSmw

]ns∂ sh≈m-c-¶√p s]dp-°oSmw

]mSsØ c≠mbv ]Ip-Øp-sIm≠v

t]mIpw sNΩ¨ tdmUn-eqsS

ssk°nƒ Nhnń ]Sp-]m- p-]mSn

hne-ks´ Rms\≥ tXmg-cp-ambv

\K-c-a-≤y-Ønse _lp-\ne vfm‰n¬

Pbn-en¬ \ns∂s∂ ]pd-Øp-hnSq

\K-c-h¬°-c-W-Øn≥ sISp-Xn-bn¬s∏- o˛

KmaoW \∑-Iƒ t]mboSpw aptº

Hcp h´w IqSn \pI-cs´ Rms\≥

Kma-Øn≥ imeo\ kuIp-amcyw.

90

\w XI¿Ø Nmb-°q-´p-I-fn¬

IÆp-\o-cn-‰n‰p hoWp

au\w XI¿Ø kz]v\-ku-[-ß-fn¬

hm°p-Iƒ _‘-\-ÿ-bmbv InS-∂p.

inin-c-Øns‚ XWpØ Im‰n-t\m-sSm∏w

Hcp hnjmZw tXß-embv Hfn-®p.

]nb-ap≈ taml\ kz]v\-ß-sf-∏tgm

au\-Øn≥ I\Ø taem-∏n-sem-fn-t®m-cp-Imew

Hm¿Ω-Iƒ hs∂s∂ ]nd-tIm-´p-h-en-°p-∂p.

lrZ-b-Øn¬ kqcy-\p-Zn-t®m-cp-Imew

IÆns‚ Ipgn-I-fn¬ kz]v\-ßƒ tImcn-\n-d-t®m-cp-Imew

kz]v\-ßƒ taml-ß-fmbv Nnd-Ip-s≈mcp IpXn-c-sb-t]m¬

A\¥ hnlm-b- n¬ hnl-cn® t\cw

au\-Øn≥ I\Ø taem∏v s]m´n®v

Db-cp-hm≥ a\- n¬ Ipdn-t®mcp Imew

]nd-In¬ \n∂mtcm hnfn®p

Ccp-´p-hoW tImem-bn-bn¬; DΩ-d-∏-Sn-bn¬;

sNfn-]p-c≠ XnÆ-bn¬; hm¿≤-Iyamw

Ak-ln-jvWp-X-bpsS thcp-Iƒ.

Ipgn-hoW IÆp-I-fn¬ kvt\lm¿Zamw \\-hp-ambn

Cud≥k-‘y°pw ap‰sØ Xpf-kn°pw

Zo]w sXfn-°p∂ _‘-Øns‚ _‘-\-ßƒ.

\n -lm-bm-h-ÿ-bpsS ]mc-ay-ßƒ

G¥n hen-s™s∂ t\m°p-tºmƒ,

Du¿≤z≥ hen®pw \ndp-ØmsX ]ndp-]n-dp-Øpw,

Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂t√m Poh≥

Iºnfn ]pX-∏n-\-Sn-bn¬ \ns∂s∂ t\m°p-tºmƒ,

ssIam‰w sNbvX ]q¿∆nI taml-`m-fi-ßƒ

Fs‚ inc- n-e-a-cp-tºmƒ;

am™ knµq-c-ßƒ; NnX-dnb kz]v\-ßƒ;

NnX-e-cn°pw taml-ßƒ;

Ccp-´p-]-c°pw tImem-bnbn¬\n∂v

Bbncw IÆp-ambv Fs∂ t\m°p-tºmƒ;

]Sn IS-°m≥ Hcp-ßp-sa≥ Imep-I-fn¬

_‘-\-ß-fpsS Nße ]q´v hogp-∂p.

\ns‚ I¿Ωsat∂m¿Ωn-∏n®v Nn¥-bpsS thc-dp-°p-∂p.

\ns‚ tbmK-sa-t∂m¿Ωn-∏n®v Imep-sI-´p-∂p.

]n∂n¬ \n∂mtcm hnfn-s®∂ t]mses‚

Imep-Iƒ ]nd-tIm´p t]mcp-∂p.

Bÿm\ Ip-Xp-InIƒ s]m´n-®n-cn-°p∂p

Fs‚ taml-ku-[-ß-fpsS hmXn-ep-I-f-S-bp-∂p.

IÆn¬\n∂p apXn¿∂ c‡m-ip-I-W-ßsf

I≠n´pw ImWmsX ]nd-tIm´v t]mcp-tºmƒ

I¿Ω-sa-t∂m¿Ωn-∏n®v ho≠pw Ime-sa≥ \mh-dp-°p-∂p.

hcnI hcnI au\ta

]pW-cpI Fs∂ \o \ns‚ I\Ø `mh-ß-fm¬

saØ-sbm-cp-°pIsb\n°p \o \ns‚ Bg-ß-fn¬

]d-bmØ hm°ns‚ s]mSn-]n-Sn-s®m-tcm¿Ω-Iƒ

Xf¿∂p-d-ßs´ \ns‚ Bg-ß-fn¬

Hm¿Ω-Iƒ Xmgn´p C∂p Rm≥ ]Sn-bn-d-ßp-tºm-gpw˛

then-°-cn-In-embn aµm-c-]p-jv]-ßƒ ImWp-tºmƒ,

\oeIp-dn™n-Iƒ ]qØXp ImWp-tºmƒ,

FXn¿]m´p tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ipbn-ep-]m-Sp-tºmƒ

Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ tZim-S-\-]£n ]mSp-tºmƒ

knµqcw Nmen®v k‘y ad-bp-tºmƒ, k‘y-sb˛

Nµ\w Nm¿Øp-hm≥ Nµ≥ DW-cp-tºmƒ

Cud≥ Xtem-S-embv Ipfn¿°m‰p hoip-tºmƒ

Hm¿Ω-Iƒ HmSn-b-W-bp-∂p-≠n-t∏mgpw

sNdnb Xtem-S-emb,v ho≠p-samcp t\mhm-bpw.

P. N. RAJANARAYANANLecturer


au

91

AAAAA long distance have I comeTravelling through different paths of life

Many dead ends have I come acrossMany a time have I seeked the wrong path.

Today, as I am all alone, my mind not freeI could sense the past rushing; a feeling of eerie

All those painful memories, those tragediesInstances of suffering, incidents of prejudice.

The past is a shadow, so vagueA blur; worse than a dreadful plague

Leaving behind in its trail, a mirageOf pain and suffering, of humiliation and rage.

Memories are one’s most prized possession.And when I peek into the past to find that passion.That memory which could be cherished to the end

All I see is darkness, to the emptiness it blendTimes of misery, remorse and torment.

When have I mourned over the wounds that time couldn’t mend.I used to have many hopes, many dreams.

But now in my sleep, I could hear the dreadful screamOf my soul as it tries to extricate

From the very clutches of a horrible fate.

I came to the realisation that in my soulEndured not but one memory that I can cherishNot one thought which would make me happy.

Smile is nothing more than a mere maskTo hide the gnawing pain within.

My soul is as black as ebony, pure as a pearlI found no better words to describe me-The Black Pearl.

GEORGE MATHEWS5 EC

92

\nW-a-Wn-s™-Ønb \Zn-tbm,

aWn-tam-l-\Km\w aqfn,

hrW-hp-am-b-cnsI \n¬°pw

aW¬°-c-b-tX‰p ]mSn.

cp[n-cw-t]dpw ac-W-°-c-tbm,

A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS \b-\-Øm¬,

cXv\m-I-c-tam-Smbv tNmZn-®p,

bXv\-an-sX√mw hrY-bmtbm?

ssiew t]mepw inc p Ip\n®p;

êtam \mSn≥ i‡n £bn-®p.

]c-tZ-in-Isf Bń-b-I-‰nb

hoc-∑m-cpsS \mSn≥ KXn-I˛

≠Ise \oem-Im-i-Øn-cp∂v

a-Is\ ]pW-cm≥ t\m°o tZhn

IØn-°p-Øp-Iƒ I≠p aSpØv

aØp-]n-Sn-s®mcp a\-tam-sS,

CØn-cn-sh- -sØm-Øn-cn-t\cw

IpØn-bn-cn-°m≥ tXm∂o-√.

hc-≠aÆn¬ hnc-≠-]mZw

]cØn \n¬°m-\m-hn-√.

ASn-]-X-dm-sX-b-Xn∂p aosX

ASn-b\p \n¬°m≥ Ign-bn-√.

A¥n-a-bßpw ap≥s]-t]mepw

A¥n-°p-cp-S-∑m-cpsS hrµw

a\p-jy-P∑w ISn-®p-Io-dm˛

\\p-Zn-\-a-hs‚ sImXn-tb-dn.

]qhn-∂n-Xfp Nhn-ń-sa-Xn®v

t\mhn-∂m-\-µ-Øn¬ ebn-®v,

IÆpw Icfpw I\nhpw \in®v

MOHAMMED RIYAS A. M.S3 EC

aÆp Inf®p \S-°p-tºmƒ.-.....

F∂psS hoń¬ hmgpw tZho

\n∂psS \nZ-bn¬ \n∂p-W¿∂oSq!

hmfn≥ Xpºn¬ Poh\p tIgpw

Afn-X≥ \n\Zw tIó-Sq.

sXmgp-I-tømsS \n¬°mw tZhn

Igp-I-∑m-sc-b-I-‰o-Sq.

sshI-ey-ßƒ am‰n-an-\p°n Cu

sskI-X-sam∂v hncn-®o-Sq.

agphpw ]mc-bp-sa√mw \o°n

Ag-In≥ hkvX-ap-Sp-∏n-°q.

ss\¿Ω-ey-Øn≥ hnØp-hn-X®v

[¿Ω-Øn≥ IXn¿ sImbvXoSq

hniz-an-Xn¬ im¥n kam-[m-\-Øn-\˛

\iz-c-am-sbmcp Nnd-tI-Iq.

F∂psS \mSns\ ]t≠-t]mse

\n∂p-tS-Xm-°n-Øo¿Øo-Sq.

93

AAAAAs dusk descended upon the quiet streets,As night opened its dark wings;

Crouched in a corner of an empty street,Lay asleep a poor hungry lonely child.

I happened to pass by that day,And stopped for a while to observe the child.

Hunger had caught him in every way,His ragged clothes calling out his plight.

The day’s rain had also played its role,In soaking the child from head to toe.I wondered how he managed to sleep,

For the nights chill bit into the skin too deep.The swollen eyes on his tear dried face,Showed the pain of his weeping heart.

I wished I could drive away all his sorrows,Free him from all his tears.

It was pitiful to see him in distress,But what could I do for I was myself homeless!

RAJITHA DASS5 CS

94

Hm¿a-I-fn¬

ag s]øp-tºmƒ

\\™ Nnd-Ip-ambv

Hcp Xpºn Nncn-°p∂p ˛ _meyw

am©p-h-´n¬

\\™v IpXn¿∂v

amß hogp-∂Xpw ImØv˛

\n¬°p-tºmƒ

Im‰v hoin-Ø-Wp-∏n®

kz]v\-°q-Sv- -a-\ v

t…‰v XpS-°m≥

hgn-b-cp-In¬ \n∂v

]dn-s®-SpØ ]®-bpsS˛

X≠n¬ \n∂q-dn-bXv ˛ Poh≥

F¥n-s\-∂-dn-bmsX

hncn-s™mcp ]qhns‚

Np≠n¬ Icn-h≠v

tImdnb NnXw ˛ PohnXw

Ime-tasd IS-∂n´pw C\nbpw

Xpcp-ºn-°mØ hm°v ]Wbw

HSp-hn¬,

Nq≠-s°m-fpØv

ao\n-t\mSv ]d™,

]d-™mepw XocmØ IY ˛ acWw

VISHAL. A. THARAKANS5 CE

95

k¶-ev]-ß-sft∂ t]mbv Xpe-™p.....

ac-hn®p t]msb≥ _p≤nbpw mh-\bpw......

Aa¿∂p Rm≥ imkvX-Øn≥ Icm-f-l-kvX-Øn¬,

C∂p Rm≥ Xnc-bp∂p F∂nse Fs∂-Øs∂!

tI´p Rms\m-cp-]mSv aÆn≥ NcnXw

]t£, tI -tX-bn√ Rm≥ ]pXp-a-Æn≥ K‘-kp-J-sØ-∏‰n

\oscm-gpIpw thKX Rm\-f-s∂m-cn-°¬

AXn-sem-fn°pw cmK-ta-sX∂p tNmZn® Rm≥ Xncp-a≠n

\£-X-Øn≥ LS-\-tbmXn imkvXw,

F∂n´pw, imkvXw ]d-™n√o \£-X-ßƒ ]W-b-Zq-X-sc-∂v...

\pW-°-Y-Iƒ ]eXpw ]d™p en-∏n®p KWn-X-im-kvXw,

taL-ßƒ ]™n-s°- p-I-sf-∂m¬ ]pXn-sbmcp en-X-atX!

hc®v kuµ-cy-am-kz-Zn®p iuNy-Kr-l-Øn¬ t]mepw

Adn-™n√ Cuiz-c≥ hc® P∑-Kr-l-Øn≥ kuµcyw

]Tn-∏n®p alm-ku-[-ßƒ Xo¿°m≥˛

Im‰p-I-fn°pw Ac-bm-en≥ XW-e-dn-bm-Ø-h¿ Ch¿

]√n-fn®v ImWn®p Ãoepw tIm¨Io‰pw

F≥ a\- mSpw Xmfi-h-a-dn-bmsX

aXn- -an-s®∂p ]d™p ]ecpw

kzbw ac-hn®p Rm\-Xn¬ \n›ew

C\n-sbmcp tamN-\-sa-\n-t°-I-cptX!

C∂o Nß-e-I-sf-\n°p Iq´p-Im¿!

HRITHU PRAKASH S5 CE

96

Im¨hm-\m-Ip-∂n√ Cs∂≥

]nb tXmgs\

It≠-bn-cn -°p-tºm-f-dn -™n√

Cu \·-k-Xyw.

FXtbm Ime-ambv

H∂m-bn-cp-∂n-´p-sat¥

Hcp t\m°p ImWp-hm-\m-Ip-∂n√m

Hcp hm°p t]mep-a-h≥

Dcn-bm-Sn -bn√m

Hcp t\m°p ImWp-hm≥

I¨Xp-d-∂n√m

\nZ-bn-em-≠-h≥

angn-Iƒ AS-®nXm

XocmØ \nZ-bn¬

im¥-am-b-W-bp-∂p.

SUNIL N. J.S5 CE

Hcp t\m°p Z¿in-°m≥ h∂nXm

_‘p-an - Xm-Zn -Iƒ

I≠p aS-ßp-tºmƒ angn-Iƒ \\-™n´pw

hmhn-´-e-®n´pw

F∂n-´p-apƒs°m-≈p-hm-\m-Ip-∂n√m

Cu \·-kXyw

th¿s∏´p t]mb-XmWo

]nb-tXm-g-s\∂

Iqc kXyw

I≠pw Ic-™pa-h¿ thZ\ Xo¿°p-tºmƒ

H∂n-\p-am-ImsX H∂p-a-dn-bmsX

GIm-¥-\mbv Rm\n-cn-°p-∂p.

ho≠p-sa-∂-W-bp-sa∂p \n\®v

]Xo-£n®p Rm\n-cn-°p∂p

th¿]m-Sn -s∂mcp thZ-\-bm-Im-sX.

98

George George George George George MMMMMetalsetalsetalsetalsetalsSakthan Thampuran Nagarakthan Thampuran Nagarakthan Thampuran Nagarakthan Thampuran Nagarakthan Thampuran Nagar,,,,,

Near Heart Hospital, Thrissur - 680 001Near Heart Hospital, Thrissur - 680 001Near Heart Hospital, Thrissur - 680 001Near Heart Hospital, Thrissur - 680 001Near Heart Hospital, Thrissur - 680 001Phone :0487 - 2443503, 2423453,Phone :0487 - 2443503, 2423453,Phone :0487 - 2443503, 2423453,Phone :0487 - 2443503, 2423453,Phone :0487 - 2443503, 2423453,

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Trade enquiries in unrepresented areas sol icited

sa‰¬ jo‰p-IƒsIm≠v at\m-l-c-amb ta¬°qcA¥m-cm-jS \ne-hm-c-ap≈ Tile Profile Sheet -Iƒ HmSns‚ BIr-Xn-bn¬, hnhn[ \nd-ß-fnepw hep-∏-

Ønepw e`n-°p-∂p. hne-bn¬ Xmc-X-tay\ Ipd-hp≈ Cu jo‰p-Iƒ ]m¿iz- n-Øn-Iƒ°pw ta¬°q-c-Iƒ°pw

`wKn-tb-Ip∂p F∂p amX-a√ sSd- n\p apI-fn¬ NqSpw, tNm¿®bpw XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

With best compliments of:

#12, 7th Crs, 3rd Mn, Brindavan Nagar, Mathikere, B’lore - 054. Tel Fax : +91-80-23472659. Mob : +91 98451 21558. Email : [email protected]. Website : www.addblr.com

Manufacturers ofManufacturers ofManufacturers ofManufacturers ofManufacturers of1. Oscilloscopes (Analog & Digital/STORAGE) 10 MHZ to 2 GHZ2. Digital/Analog Multimeter.3. Linear/SMPS Power Supplies (variable, Fixed & Multi o/p)4. Function & Signal Generater5. Decade Resistance/Capacitance/Inductance Boxes.6. Digital/Linear IC Trainer Kits7. MicroProcessor Kit 8085/8086/80888. Digital/Linear IC Tester.

Process Control InstrumentsProcess Control InstrumentsProcess Control InstrumentsProcess Control InstrumentsProcess Control Instruments1. Digital temperature Indicators/Controllers.2. Thermocouples & RTT.3. Digital Speed Indicators/Controllers.4. Digital Process Timer/Counter 4/5/6 (µµµµµp Based)5. Digital Panel meters (All types)6. Inductive type proximity sensors/capacitive/Optical sensors.

99

Cud-\m¿∂ Ccp≠ CS-\m-gn-s°m-Sp-hn¬,

Cu kv^SnI hmXn-en¬ Hcp Nph∂ Ipcnip

AXn-\p-a-∏pdw \n≥ \odp∂ ta\n, ]mXn-b-S™

angn-Iƒ, \n≥ [a-\n-I-fn-te-s°m-gp-Ip∂ sN∂nWw

tcmK-Øn≥ cq£KŸw Xnßn-hn-ßp-an-hn-sS,

ImØn-cn∏q Rm≥, \n≥ Ic-N-e-\-Øn-\m-bn.

\nZ-sbm-gn-t™mtcm cmhpw ]Iepw

s\dp-Inse Ip¶p-a-Øn≥ Imh-em-fmbn

GI-bm-bn, \n∂-cn-In¬ \n¬°-sh,

Hcp-\mƒ, B ip` hkvXw [cn-®-h≥.

lrZb-Øn≥ \mZw tIƒ°p-∂-h≥

]d-bp-I-bmbn \n≥ kv]µ\w \ne-®p-sh-∂v.

taml-Øn≥ Nn√p-]mXw DS-™pthm?

\mw s]dp-°nb Ip∂n-a-Wn-Ifpw NnX-dntbm?

Cu ]pXp-a-Æn≥ K‘hpw AI-∂pthm?

\n»-_vZ-am-hp-Itbm Cu Ipbn-ep-Ifpw?

H∂n®p hµn®p ]`m-X-ß-sf√mw, C\n

Hm¿Ω-X≥ IS-en¬ AkvX-an-°-bm-bn.

\mw Xpg-s™mcm taml-Øn≥ Ifn-h≈w

Zni-bn-√m-X-e-bp-I-bmbo C∂o IÆo¿°-S-en¬.

aßnb NnX-i-e`w IWs° ]d-°p-I,

\obn\n hnlm-b- n¬ Db¿∂p ]d-°p-I.

\nXy-X-bpsS ]q°ƒ ]p¬I-sh, t\mhns√m

cn°-epw, C\n im¥n-X≥ a[p-\p-I-cpI \o.

hk¥w h∂n-√, Ip™p-]q-°ƒ hncn-™n√

angn-\o¿∏q-°ƒ hncn-bpao ]q¶m-h-\-Øn¬

ImØn-cn-∏q, Zn\-sa-Æn-bn-cn-∏q.

Rm≥ \n≥ Acn-In-se∂p hcp-sa-t∂m¿Øp.

DAWNY JOYLecturer

Applied Electronics &Instrumentation Dept.

100

]dbq ]nb-k-Xyta \o ]dbq \o˛

sb≥ tNmZy-ßƒs°√mw DØcw ]dbq

BcmWo `qansb NqSp-tNm-c-bn¬ K‘-a-Wn-bn-®Xv

`qansb kr-jvSn-s®-∂m-tcm-]n-°p-s∂m-cm-]n-Xr-°tfm?

AtXm ]≠hpw ]Whpw NpSp-tNm-cbpw \¬In

]nXr-°sf krjvSn-s®mco aqV-a¿Øytcm?

]Ir-Xn-X≥ krjvSnsb ssZh-Øn≥ t]¿sNm√n

Cu [cWn bp≤-°-f-am-°n-b-Xm-sc∂v

]dbq ]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o

]dbq ]nb-k-Xyta F≥ ]nXr-Xz-Øn-\-h-Im-in-bmw

Nne¿ ]d-bp∂p Ch-\mWv \n≥ ]nXm-sh∂v

Nne¿ ]d-bp∂p Ch-\mWv \n≥ ]S-®-h-s\∂v

a‰p Nne¿ ]d-bp∂p Cu Icnw-I-√mWv \n≥ krjvSn

I¿Øm-sh-∂v.

CXn-teXp Z¿i-\-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Rm≥

k©-cn-t°-≠-sX∂v ]dbq ]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o

]IrXn X≥ kXy-ßsf ssZh-Øn≥ IÆneqsS

t\m°p-s∂mco a¿Øy-k-¶¬∏-ß-fn-eq-sStbm

AtXm ]Ir-Xn-X≥ kXy-ßƒ a¿Øy-t\-X-ß

-fn-eqsS t\m°p-s∂mcm

\· bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn-eq-sStbm

]dbq ]nb-k-Xyta \o ]dbq

Rmt\Xp hgn-Øm-c-bn-eq-sS-bmWv k©-cn-t°˛

≠Xv ]dbq \o ]dbq


Rm\o qanbn¬ ]nd-∂-tXXp I¿Ø-hy-Øn-\m-sW∂v

]dbq \o ]dbq

]Ir-Xn-X≥ ]nXr-XzsØ Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v

s]‰-Ω-X≥ `qansb A¶-Ø-´m°n am‰n

]nXr-Xz-Øn≥ AkvXnXzØn-\mbv XΩn¬ XΩn¬

t]mcmSn kzb-an-√m-sX-bm-Ip-hmt\m

AtXm acp-`q-an-bn¬ s]bvXn-d-ßp-s∂mcm

ag-Øp-≈n-Isf

h¿≤n® Zml-tØmsS Bhm-ln-s®-Sp-°ps∂mcm

aW¬Ø-cn-Isf t]m¬

a¿Øy¿ X≥ tNmc-°mbv Zmln-°p-s∂mco

k¶¬∏ ]nXr-°ƒs°-Xn-cmbv t]mcmSn hoc˛

˛c-‡-km-£n-bm-Ip-hmt\m


F¥n-\mbv Rms\≥ c‡ao aÆn-sem-gp-°Ww

]nXr-°ƒ°-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-\¿l-X-bn-√m-sØmco

kz¿§-an-√msX \cIw krjvSn-°p-hmt\m

AtXm \]pw-k-Iamw a¿Øy¿

kzm¿∞amw kz]v\-ßƒ ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-hm-\mbv

Xs‚ kz]v\-ßƒ th´-bm-Sp-tºmƒ

\n»-_vZ-cmbv t\m°n \n¬°p-s∂mcm

\n¿`mKy tkmZ-c¿°p th≠ntbm

]dbq ]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o B clkyw

Ime-ßƒ X≥ bh-\n-I-bn¬

C\n-bpam clkyw Hfn-∏n®p hbv°msX

]dbq \o ]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o ]dbq

C\nbpw sshIn-bm¬ \c-I-Øn≥ Xpey-am-sbmcm

]nXr-°ƒ X≥ k¶¬∏-ßfpw

c‡-°-dbpw amX-am-bn-cn°pw tijn∏q Cu

kz¿§ob `qan-bn¬....

MANO MOHANInstructorMechanical Dept.

101

Hm¿Ω-Iƒ°v ac-W-an-s√-s∂≥ kJn ]d™p

Hm¿Ω-I-fnem t\cns‚ cq]hpw `mhhpw

NnI™p Rms\-t∂m¿Ω-I-fn-te-°q-fn-bn-´p.

Imev]-\n-I-X-bpsS temIØp \n∂-hƒ hs∂≥ ssI]n-Sn˛

t®m¿Ω-I-fpsS ImWm-°-b-Øn-te-s°s∂ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p.

XnÆ s]m´nb hmI-a-c-Øn≥ Nph-´n¬

\n≥ ]mZ-kz-c-Øn≥ kzchpw ImØv

ap√-sam-´p-I-fn-e-g-Im¿∂ \n≥ aµ-kvan-Xhpw ImØ˛

£a-\mbn Rm\n-cp-∂n-cp-∂Xpw

Nn¥-Iƒ sImSpw ImSp-I-bdpw t\c-a-hƒ

hs∂≥ Nmsc-bn-cp-∂Xpw

Hcp sNdnb I≈-∏n-W-°-a-hƒt°In ]cn-`hw \Sn-®Xpw

AXp-I≠p \o sIm©n-∏n-W-ßn-bXpw

Rm\n∂ptam¿°p-∂p.

Ccpƒ hogm≥ XpS-ßn-sbm-cn-S-\m-gn-bn-eqsS \mw

kz]v\-ßƒ ]¶p-sh-®p-\-S-∂Xpw

Fs‚bpw \ns‚bpw kpJ˛Zpx-J- `m-c-ßƒ

\Ωp-tS-Xm°n am‰n-bn-cp-∂-Xpw,

Hcp km¥z\ kv]¿i-ambn \n≥ap-Sn-bn-Xƒ Xtem-Sn-bXpw

BZy-ambv \n≥ ta\n-bn-se≥ kv]¿i-\-ta-‰-t∏mƒ

\o tImcn-Ø-cn-®Xpw

\n\°p \¬Im-\mbv amX-sa≥ IpSn-em-¶-W-Øn¬

Rm≥ \´ sNº-\n-\o¿ Xøn¬

BZy-ambv hncn™ ]\n-\o¿ ]pjv]w

\n\t°In-b-t∏mƒ

BZy-k-Ωm-\-ambv \osb≥ Ihn-fn¬X∂

kvt\lm¿Z-am-sbmcm NpSp-Npw-_-\hpw

NpSp-\n-izm-khpw

Rm\n-∂p-tam¿°p∂p

NISHAF P. S.S5 CE

Ime-ßƒ ambv°m≥ Xp\n-s™mcm

hnImc \n¿`-c-tam¿Ω-Iƒ, ambmsX

a\- nse aWn-s®-∏n-sem-fn-∏n-®p.

hnS ]d-bm≥ t\cw,

\osb\n-t°-Inb hmSnb sNº-\n-\o¿ ]qhnse

sImgn™p hoWn-cp∂ ss\¿a-ey-Z-f-ß-fn-eqsS

\ΩpsS taml-ßfpw C√m-Xm-hp∂p Fs∂≥

a\ p a¥n-®p.

]s£,

F√mw ad-°m-s\-\n-t°-Inb hc-Zm-\-a-t∏m-tg°pw

hgn-bn-se-hn-sStbm \jvS-s∏- n-cp-∂p.

102

hnP-\ao hoYn-bn¬ \nXyhpw

au\w ab-ßp∂ \nanjßfn¬

Ae-bp∂ Im‰ns‚ Adn-bmØ ioep-Iƒ

ipXn-teb `wKn-bmbn ImXn¬ apg-ßth

Hm¿Øp-t]m-Ip∂p Rm≥ ]n∂n-´-h-gn-Ifpw

hgn-Iƒ X≥ HmcsØ Pohn-X-k-Xy-hpw.

\nXy-ap-J-ßƒ X≥ Xoc-Øp-\n∂p Rm≥

Bcmcpw Adn-bmsX bmX-bm-bn.

HSp-hneo ]mX-X≥ NmcØp \n¬°p∂p

Ac-bm-en≥ tNmsS-\n-bv°p-ambn

Adn-bp∂p Rms\≥ I\-hnse `mchpw

Ben-e-Xm-e-Øn¬ Bflmhv ]¶p-h-®-∂-h¿

HmXnb hm°p-Ifpw ""\obm-Wv, \obmWv Poh≥

\o Xs∂-bm-sW≥ Pohn-Xhpw''.

hm\n≥ aSn-bnse Icn-ta-L-°q-´-ßƒ

IW-ß-fm-bn, h¿j-ß-fmbn tImcn-Ø-cn-∏n®

B\µ thf-bn¬ ImXn¬∏d™p \o sas√˛

""\n∂-¥-cw-K-Øn¬ XpSn-∏p-Iƒ I≠ Rm≥

FXtbm `mKy-ap-≠m-b-hƒ''.

\ng-enepw, \o‰enepw, kz]v\-Ønepw,

F¥n-s\≥ Pohn-Xhpw \o Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Xqsh≈ ]X-e-Øn¬ tImcnb NnXtam

\n≥ aqKvk-em-h-Wy-hpw.

]mX-Iƒ ]n∂n´v Xf¿∂p Rm≥ \n∂p

]Yn-Is‚ bmX-bn¬, PohnX bmX-bn¬

Ae-bp∂ t]X-ßƒ Ae-bp∂ cmXn-bn¬

\nµy-cq-]-ßƒ°v Rm≥ Iog-Sßn

Ah-scs‚ IÆp-I-fn¬ hnjw Ie¿Øn

Zmlw he-®-sb≥ IWvT-Øn¬

AJESH T.S5 EC

C‰n-®tXm hnj-Xp-≈nbpw

Adn-bmØ hoYn-bn¬ Ah-sc-s∂sb-dn™p.

Adn-bm-Ø-sXm-s°bpw A\p-`-hn®p

k]vX-h¿Æ-Øn≥ \nd-°q´v Nm¿Ønb

amcn-hn¬ tim` Rm≥ tI´-dn-™p.

t]b- nbmw \n≥ ZpxJ-Øn≥ Bgw

KZvKZ IWvT-Øm-e-dn-bp∂p Rm≥

IÆo¿ XpS-bvt°-≠-sX-hn-sS-sb-∂-dn-bn√

bmXm-samgn sNm√p∂p ho≠pao ]Yn-I≥.

Adn-bmØ Pohn-X-k-Xy-ßƒ tXSp-hm≥

Bflm-`n-am\w hn‰∂w sXc-bp∂

Bflm-°ƒ \nd-bp∂ sXcp-hp-I-fn¬

Ime-N-I-Øns‚ Xncn-b-en¬ temIhpw

a\ pw Xncn-s™mcp \mfns‚b¥y-Øn¬

Adn-bp∂p Rms\≥ Nmc-Øn-cp-∂-hƒ

\obm-bn-cp∂p \o Xs∂-sb≥ ]qØpºn

A∂p \mw ]ncn-bp-tºmƒ sas√ \o

""ImØn-cnbv°pw Rm≥ \msf-X-bm-bmepw

cma-I-Y-bnse koX-sb-t∏m¬''.

]mdn-∏-d-°p∂ Iq¥-en≥ D≈n¬ hmSn-°-cn™

a\- n¬ ]Xo-Iamw ]mcn-Pm-X-Øn≥

CXƒ Xs∂-b-s√tbm \n≥ Pohn-Xhpw.

103

OOOOOur teen Cricket l i feCeases with a wife

on 20th or 30th overswhen we are al l jobbers .

In the br ibe-blaming pressurel ively batsman fai l to fetch treasures.

The pressure of family bal ls , redand the treasures of l ivel ihood, bread.

When bal ls bounce over the headThey hook i t over the f i rst night bed.

When bal ls swing to abdomen, hotThey kneel to play the sweeping shot.

When bal ls york to the toes, bottomThey dr ive st raight with mind rotten.

When bal ls turn to the offs ide endThey pul l bat for a future mend.

At last, but. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I t st ruck the l i fe bal l out

and makes the males “ALL OUT!”And in the br ibe-blaming pressures

l ively batsman, fai l to fetch treasures. . . . .

ANTONY SUNNYS5 CS

104

IIIII start my day by sitting on a chair,Giving my monitor a hard, cold stare,By evening I’m done with another coding,Oh! This has become a routine so boring.

Like all, I entered this field with great hope,Jobs were many and there was plenty of scope,Dreams of joining the likes of Gates,And a chance to make money in the States.

Thus, I entered the world of bytes,Only to realize that reality bites,‘Coz a programmer’s life, isn’t all that cozy,The bed of software, isn’t all that rosy.

Seeing the monitor all day and night,Have taken the power off my eye sight,Late to bed and late to rise,Has made me wealthy, but not healthy and wise.

Working holidays, busy weekends,No time for family, no time for friends,My job steals most of my time,Helplessly, I watch this crime.

Just for bits of money,I forego those moments with my Honey,When I should be out, having fun,I’m telling a comp, what’s to be done.

I hate U, yet I can’t get away,‘Coz, I need the money U pay,God, to thee I pray,If there be one-show me the way.

DHANYA BALAKRISHNANS5 CS

105

sXXtbmtamZao amXm-]n-Xm-thm-sSmØv

Hcp Poh-Xao _mey-Im-e-ß-fn¬

AkvX-an-®o-Spao am\-h-Øp-Sn-∏p-I-fn¬

DZn-®p-b-cpao hm¿Xn-¶ƒ t]msebpw

hnS¿∂p hcpao ]qsam-´p-t]m-sebpw

tim`n®nSp-∂bo \njvI-f-¶-_meyw

AS¿∂p hogp∂ am\-k-s®-∏p-I-fn¬

hnÆn≥ Ia-\o-bamw ]q¿tÆ-µp-sXm´p

W¿Øn-Spao \dp-tX≥ kpK-‘-_meyw

Aw_c Xmc-I-ßƒ km£n-I-fm-Ith

Ac-hnµapIpfw am™p-t]m-Ip-∂pthm?

Ime-Øn≥ I\-I-\n-emth ambmsX

\osb≥ _meyw XncnsI Xcptam?

shdp-sX-bo-tam-l-sa-∂-dn-™n´pw B hk¥w

Hcp h´w- IqSn, shdp-sX,

shdp-sX-sbmcp tamlw!

tamln-®n-Sp∂p Rm\n∂p shdpsX

_meyw Ih¿s∂-SpØ Ime-ßƒ

cmhn≥ \n»-_vZ-X-bn¬ ambmsX

hmk¥ eXnI ]fp¶p _meyw

Ime-Øn≥ GIm¥ tImWn¬

AS¿∂n-Sm-sXbo Hm¿Ω-s®-∏nepw

]Ir-Xn-bn≥ hc-Zm-\-ao-`q-hn-te°n

dßn-Sp-∂n∂p ]mcn≥ s]m∂p-j- n¬

]mdn ]d-°p-∂bo h¿Æ-i-e`w

t]msesb≥ _meyao ]mcn¬ BSn

]Ir-Xn-bn≥ hc-Zm-\ao Xcp

Pe-s]mSn ]S-em-Zn-I-fn-teXpw

Ipfn-tcm-Sn-]-g-In-bn-cp-∂Xp t]mepw

am[p-cyao Infn-Iƒ X≥ KoXhpw

Ipfn¿a-tb-Ip-∂bo ssii-h-ß-fn¬

kzmX-¥y-a¿ln-°pam iIp-\n-Iƒ X≥

\`- n≥ afi-e-Øn-se-∂-t]m-sebn

_mey-ßƒ ]Ir-Xn-bn≥ hc-Zm-\-a-Æn¬

AΩ-tbm-sSmØp \S-°m≥ ]Tn-®Xpw

]n® ]n® sh®p \S-∂-I-∂Xpw

aÆn≥ êßƒ km£n-Iƒt]mepw

]]-©-`w-Kn-bn¬ `qhn¬ A∂p

sX∂n hoWXpw Ic-™Xpw

hnkvabw ]qIn-Sp∂p kvacn-®n-Sp-In¬

Hc-Ω-X≥ \mhn¬ \n∂q-dn˛

Cu ]qsam-ń-\m-in-j-a-\-s®-∏n¬

Xgp-Io-Sp-∂-g-In\hXm-camw IY-Ifpw

]pecn X≥ Znhm-Ic Inc-W-ßfo

a™n≥ ]p¬X-In-S-bn¬ t]msebo

tImcI NnØ-Øn¬ Xg-Ip∂p

B\µ ]p¬Ø-In-S-bn¬ InSØn

Xmcm-´p-ambn \nZ-bn-em-°n-Sp-s∂m-c-Ωbpw

hm’-ey-\n-[n-bm-WobΩX≥

Ic-Øn-en´v sas√ Xgp-Inbpw

IY-I-fp-c-sN-bvXp-d-°o-Sp-∂p-bo-b-Ω.

Dd-ßp-∂pbo hm’-ey-a-Sn-Ø-ń¬

kpc-£-tbm-sSbo Ipcp-∂p-_meyw

`mKy-an-tX-Ipao ssZh Icp-X-en¬

\nXy-kp-c-£-bmeo ssiihw

aµ-am-cp-X-\mbo XmX≥ X≥ km∂n-[y-hpao

JABEZ K. VARGHESES5 CE

106

MMMMMother’s harmonious voice called out wild,come back - come back my childHer voice is with a rhythmic strain,Haunting waves of sadness - all in vain,But the child - mischievous child,Has his ears deaf and vision blind.

The rising sun tells the storyPast fury and the glory.Golden moon crawls through all nightAnd dreams along amidst day light.Timid trees, meadows and the greeneryAll spellbound by your maternity.The mist, the fog and tiny dew drops.Melts the heaviest of the rocks.Mother you are beautiful,With sections of life - bountiful.

But still your mistake haunts you,One of your sons has betrayed you.He walks along challenging youDestroying blossoms anew.He persuades you to changeBut you never change a bit.

DENIS A. GEORGES1S2 EC

He is polluting you with fumes of death,He is ruling you from head to depth,You are put to struggle in depravity,As he prowls along with cruelty.But still Oh! mother your pious mindConfers him a chance to respire in your mind.

And still you, mother shall surely witnessdeath of your son, who is rushtless.He will pinch himself off with anguish,and hence forever perish.Neither a relic nor fossil.Shall survive that ferocious struggle.

This will be the prizeof your deed - the mistake.Yes you committed a mistake.You made him thinkYou gave him brainYou made him earn foodWith no painYou made him survive,adapt - adapt, this is your mistakeyour lone misdeed.

109

ae-bmfn ae-bmfw ad-∂pthm? Cu tNmZy-Øn\v C√ F∂

DØ-cw-sIm-≠p-amXw Xr]vXs∏-Sm-\m-In√. ae-bmfn ae-bmfw ]q¿Æ-

ambpw ad-∂n-´n√ F∂Xv kXyw Xs∂. ]t£ B ae-bmfw Hcp-]mSp

amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp ]Øp-h¿jw apºp≈ ae-bm-ftam ae-bm-fn-

tbtbm \ap°v ImWm≥ Ign -bp -I -bn -√. Ime-t` -Z -Øn¬

ae-bm-f-Ø-\na Fhn-sStbm Dt]-£n-°-s∏-´p. X∑qew ae-bm-f-Øn-

t\‰ apdn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ DW-°m≥ Hcp Ime-Øn\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

F¶nepw B c‡-°d ambv°m≥ BXy¥ ]cn-i-a-Øn\p Ignbpw

F∂Xv ]c-am¿∞-am-Wv.

C∂sØ ae-bmfn ap‰sØ ap√-bpsS aWw Adn-bp-∂n-√.

A°-sc-bp≈ ]® I≠v NmSm≥ XpS-ßn-bn´v Ime-ß-fm-bn. XXv^-e-

ambn ae-bmfn Hcp-]mSp amdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. thj-Øn¬, `£-W-

Øn¬, A\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn¬, kmwkvImcnI kao-]-\-ß-fn¬, kmº-

ØnI taJ-e-I-fn¬, kmaq-ly-_-‘-ß-fn¬ F∂p-th≠ Ah-s‚, mj-

bnepw Ah≥ G®p-Iq´n. ]t£ B G®p-sI´v apg-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

Ah≥ ImWp-∂n-√.

aq∂mw-Xcw XpS¿°-Y-Ifpw, XpS¿ko-cn-b-ep-I-fpw, ASn-®p-

]-c-Ønb cmjvSob ]`m-j-W-ßfpw \nd™ ssZ\wZn\ mjm-\p-`hw

amX-amWv ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°n∂v kz¥-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Hm¿Ωn®p-h-bv°m≥

\√-Xmbn H∂p-an-√m-Xmbn A[x-]-Xn-®n-cn-°p∂p C∂p \mw tIƒ°p-

∂Xpw hmbn-°p-∂-Xp-amb `mj.

A`y-kvX-hn-Zy¿ t]mepw C∂v km[m-cW kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬

Hscm‰ hmN-Ihpw ]q¿Æ-ambn ae-bm-f-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dn-√.

F¥n\v, BwK-teb ae-bmf ani-`m-j-bm-Wv ae-bmf am[y-a-ß-fn¬

t]mepw ImWp-∂Xv. Pohn-X-Øns‚ hnImk ]cn-Wm-a-ßƒ°v `mj

Iogvs∏-Sp∂p F∂ temI-kXyw amX-amWv ae-bm-f-Øn\pw kw`-hn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F¶nepw ae-bm-fsØ Xncn®v ]gb \ne-bn-te-s°-Øn-

t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-amb Imcyw Xs∂-bm-Wv.

`mj shdp-samcp Bi-b-]-Im-i\ hn\n-ab D]m[n amX-a-√.

ss]Xr-I-Øn-s‚, kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS, hnip-≤n-bpsSsb√mw ]Xo-I-amWv

`mj. imkvX-km-t¶-XnI hnZy-bpsS hf¿®bpw ]tbm-K-hpw, hn]p-

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temIw apgp-h≥ t\Sn-bmepw Bflmhp \jvSs∏-´m¬ HcpKpW-hp-an√ F∂ kXyw ae-bm-fn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√. Xs‚ a\- ns\ G‰hpw Db¿®-bn-te°p \bn-°m≥ amXr-`m-jbvt° IgnbqF∂ Xncn-®-dnhv Hcp-\mƒ ae-bm-fn°pw ssIh-cpw. A∂v apX¬ssItamiw h∂p XpS-ßp∂ ae-bm-f-`m-jsb AwKo-I-cn-°m\pw ae-bm-fn-Iƒ XpS-ßpw. amXr-`m-jsb Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h≥ kzbw Bflm-lpXn sNøp-I-bm-sW-∂Xv A¿≤-cmXn IpS-]n-Sn-°p∂ Ch¿ a\- n-em°n hcp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. F√m ae-bm-fn-Ifpw B kXyw a\- n-em°nIgn-bp-tºmƒ ae-bm-f-Øn\p \√ Imew ]nd-t∂°mw!

JISHA T. B.S1S2 CS

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IIIIIn our day-today life we often come across the situations where we get the knowledge of an event beforeit happens or become aware of something that is out of sight, or can read what another person thinks etc. Thishappens without the use of any of our five senses. Hence we call this ability as Extra Sensory Perception (ESP)which literally means 'awareness outside the senses’. Some people also call it as 'sixth sense’.

But the scientists as well as psychologists are not unanimous about the existence of ESP. The controversy isthat this phenomenon can be explained in other ways and Science has not been able to either explain or provethis. Branch of Science which deals with the phenomena which are happening without obeying any of ournatural principles is called ‘Parapsychology’. In 20th century research into parapsychology was also conductedat some universities, notably at Duke University under J .B. Rhine and he has published a book named ExtraSensory Perception.

There are four basic areas of experiments in the field of extra sensory perception. The experiments involved,telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition and psychokinesis. The ESP researchers use a special deck of cards whichcontains certain symbols.

In telepathy experiment a person tries to read the mind of other person. Telepathy involves sending of thoughts,feelings or knowledge from one person to another without any apparent medium. Clairvoyance is the state ofbeing mentally aware of something that is out of sight . Precognition is the knowledge of an event by means oftelepathy or clairvoyance before it happens.Psychokinesis is the psychological control of physical objects. Forexample while tossing the coin a person might concentrate on the heads and cause it to appear.

It is said that all people do not possess such powers to see truth directly without reasoning. The scientistshave been studying this phenomenon because they feel it has enormous potential for a fruitful research. Forexample a person with ESP abilities might be able to predict future wars, locate valuable mineral deposits or evenaccomplish other things of great importance.

REJIN S. BABU, VISHNU DAS, RAJITH K.V.S1 S2 CE

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1. Set your targets in advance and do plannedpreparation.

2. Kindly check up about whatever you have givenin your bio-data.

3. If you are able to form a group and organizeinterpersonal discussions and make interviews itcould be a good idea . What ever be, what isrequired is exuberant confidence.

4. Familiarize yourself with the data you haveprovided for your bio-data.

5. Mentally figure out questions flowing from the bio-data.

6. Make a thorough self-assessment of yourselfbefore appearing for the interview.

7. Prepare your own notes and do mock interviews.

8. Appear for the interview in a cool, composed andrelaxed manner and do display your confidenceand courage.

9. Knock at the door and enter as soon as you areinvited for the interview.

10. When you enter the interview remain relaxed andbe yourself.

11. The impression you create is given as much asby, how you look and behave, as by what you sayand this very definitely includes what you say.

12. Try to appear in your best at the interview. Wellgroomed hair, well ironed dress and well polishedshoes with a natural smile on your face ispreferable to turn up for the interview.

13. Your appearance would convey whether you havetaken the interview seriously or not.

14. Be cool, be attentive, get to the core of the questionand give your own view points.

L. RAKESHLecturer

Mechanical Dept.

15. Spell out your ideas and reactions clearly andsubstantiate your view points with logicalarguments and facts.

16. Look at the interviewer as you speak to him orher.

17. Cultivate the faculty of speaking English fluently.

18. Never form a rigid opinion on any issue.

19. By being flexible you will win the art of adjustmentin life, a quality of leadership which the interviewboard will admire.

20. A candid confession is far superior to any attemptof bluffing.

21. Develop the courage to express your views withcandour.

22. Develop presence of mind.

23. Update your knowledge.

24. Your ideas on any subject should be wellformulated.

25. You should familiarize with your hobbies.

26. Be honest about assessing your weak points.

27. Demonstrate in every way that you are eminentlysuited for the job you have applied .

28. Anyone who wants to achieve success in interviewsshould have a positive frame of mind.

29. Interview is not a test of knowledge alone, but anacid test of your personality.

30. Lastly, ''Remember knowledge in itself is a part ofyour personality and that knowledge inspiresconfidence - the very essence of personality.'' Thispersonality cannot be built overnight or over aspan of a few weeks. So take pains to inculcatecertain unique and distinct personality traits.

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IIIIIn simple words, ‘ATTITUDE’ is the way in whichwe look at the world around us and react to it. Theword may seem to be very simple and is mostneglected by most of us. But, when we try to knowabout it, we realize our whole life whether ASUCCESS OR FAILURE, WHETHER POPULAR ORUNPOPULAR depends on our attitude.

Attitude is of two types “Positive and Negative”.To illustrate this, take an example. Two studentsnamed Positive and Negative were walking along astreet. They saw a rose flower. Positive said, “Aah!What a beauty” But Negative said, “What is the use,it doesn’t last for more than a day”. Try to analysethis situation. All of us have gone through similarexperiences. Like the Positive, many of us appreciatethe beauty of the rose flower. The Negative aspectof the situation is given less importance and weuphold the positive side and enjoy that. But peoplewith negative attitude, thinking of the bad outcomeforget to enjoy the present beauty and throughouttheir lives only worry about what should not happen.

ADVANTAGES OF BEING POSITIVE ANDDISADVANTAGES OF BEING NEGATIVE COULD BEBEST LEARNT FROM THE STORY OF TWO FROGS.

Attitude:Attitude:Attitude:Attitude:Attitude:A PRICELESS

POSSESSION IGNORED SARADA K. P.Lecturer

Mathematics Dept.

Two frogs were travelling together to a distantplace. On the way they happened to fall into a vesselhalf filled with curd. Both of the them tried and itwas almost certain that the height was beyond theirreach. Knowing this one frog said “What is the useof trying again, I cannot jump any more”. But theother frog said, “No, I will try till my last breath”.After sometime, the frog that was lying idle died. Theother frog that was trying to escape realised this fact,but did not lose hope and did not waste any time inmourning his friend’s death but continued with hiseffort. Finally after sometime a ball of butter wasformed. When it became big enough, the frogjumped standing on the butter ball and at that goldenmoment it succeeded. The frog that added thepositive attitude to its effort succeeded gloriously. Thefrog with the negative attitude died a miserable death.So from this story we learn that,

' 'ALWAYS A POSITIVE ATTITUDE GIVES ABOOST TO OUR EFFORTS.''

From the first story, you learnt that Positivethinking brings happiness and from the secondexample you learnt that Positive attitude helps us tosucceed even in trivial situations.

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1. Don’t worry about knowing people justmake yourself worth knowing.

2. Friends are those rare people who ask howwe are and then wait to hear the answer.

3. If you can buy a person’s friendship, it is notworth it.

4. True friends have hearts that beat as one.5. If you cannot think of any nice things to say

about your friends, then you have the wrongfriends.

6. Make friends before you need them.7. If you were another person, would you like

to be a friend of yours?8. A good friend is one who neither looks down

on you nor keeps up with you.9. Be friendly with the folks you know... If it

weren’t for them you would be a totalstranger.

10. A friend is never known till he is needed.11. Friendship is a responsibility...not an

opportunity.12. Friendship is the cement that holds the world

together.13. Friends are those who speak to you after

others don’t.14. The reason a dog has so many friends is that

he wags his tail and not his tongue.15. Pick your friends, but not to pieces.16. A friend is one who puts his finger on a fault

without rubbing it in.17. The way to have friends is to be willing to

lose some arguments.

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CHANDANA THERATTILS5 CS

18. If a friend makes a mistake, don’t rub it in... rubit out.

19. Deal with other’s faults as gently as if they wereyour own.

20. People are judged by the company they keepand the company they keep away from.

21. A friend is a person who can step on your toeswithout messing your shine.

22. The best mirror is an old friend.23. The best possession one may have is a true friend.24. Make friendship a habit and you will always have

friends.25. You will never have a friend if you must have

one without faults.26. Doing nothing for your friends results in having

no friends to do for.27. Anyone can give advice, But a real friend will

lend a helping hand.28. You can make more friends by being interested

in them than trying to have them be interestedin you.

29. A real friend is a person who, when you ’ve madea fool of yourself, lets you forget it.

30. A friend is a person who listens attentively whileyou say nothing

31. You can buy friendship with friendship, but neverwith dollars.

32. True friends are like diamonds, precious but rare;false friends are like autumn leaves, foundeverywhere.

33. A friend is someone who thinks you’re a goodegg even though you’re slightly cracked.

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TTTTThe Bhagwad Gita is the divine gospel gifted byIndia to the world, to all human beings. The Gita doesnot belong to any particular religion. It, infact, belongsto the religion of mankind. It tells us how to live on thisearth, how to behave with our fellowmen, how to actand how to perform our duties as human beings indifferent walks of life. There are 18 chapters comprising700 verses or slokas. Each single verse is easilyunderstood and when acted upon in actual life cansolve each and every problem. That is why the Gita hasbeen translated in as many as hundred languages ofthe world.

TAT-TWAM-ASI is said to be the essence of Gita. Itmeans “That thou art!” You are that - a part of Godand nothing else. The Gita enables man to realise histrue nature in three steps:

(1) I am His (2) He is Mine (3) He and I are one.

According to Gita each one of us has been alloteda battlefield to act upon. It is nothing but our field ofaction (duty). For a man of learning and who lovesknowledge above everything else his battlefield isconfined to books, schools, colleges, debates,discussions, reading, writing and the like. One shoulddecide one’s profession or occupation in life accordingto one’s nature. Then alone one’s effort will be crownedwith grand success. The Gita does not teach escapismor running away from the challenges of life. There is noescape from duty by anybody in this world.

Gita says: It is our desire that invites all our worries,agonies, sufferings, headaches and turmoils. Desireprevents us from seeing the soul or God within andwithout. A pauper who desires nothing is virtually aprince. A prince who hankers after more and moreriches is nothing but a beggar. One’s own desires outof one’s ignorance prevents man from merging withGod.

“Work is worship”, is the essence of Karmayogaor the Path of Action. Each one of us has to dosomething or the other in his or her life. No one can

live without work. Self realisation is possible even by aman of action who does his duty as a devotion to Godwithout any selfish motive. One has to do his duty welland the fruit of action will be there in future. A studentconstantly worrying about the marks will not be able toput his full concentration on his / her studies. He / sheis thinking about a future yet to be born. It is the properuse of the present moments that makes the futureglorious.

Gita says : Even the caste system was perfectlyscientific in its approach. It is not birth but the deedthat decides your caste. A learned man interested inmore learning and teaching is a Brahmin. Also aBrahmin is the person who knows the depth ofknowledge and the need of acquiring and impartingknowledge. A person who is interested in serving othersor offering service to others is a Shudra. One whoknows the secret of trade and agriculture was called aVaishya. A Kshatriya is the one who defends the weak,his country, the innocent and poor. He is the man withthe mission of eliminating injustice, exploitation, torture,tyranny and crime from society. One could change hiscaste by changing his character though tireless effort.

Gita says : A learned man never gets angry. Hedoesn’t give way to grief under any circumstances.Because he knows grief cannot bring back anythinglost. Valour and wisdom ensure success in this worldas well as in the next world.

Gita says : The Guru, the mother and the fatherare ever worthy of respect and reverence. They mustnever be insulted. Also there is no teacher like mother.Those who serve their parents are freed from all sorrowsand sufferings.

Thus Gita tells us how to live so as to merge withour creator when we have completed our mission onthis earth. Remember that what has happened is forgood, what is happening is also for good and what isgoing to happening will also be for good and what isto happen will not stay on its way.

A Divine Gospel for the Mankind !

JYOTHI R.S3 CS

A Divine Gospel for the Mankind !

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Three people ran a marathon along with hundreds of others. None of themwon the race. Does that mean that these three people were losers? Not at all. Eachwent into the race with different objectives. The first ran the race to test his endurance- he came out better than his expectations. The second wanted to improve on hisprevious performance, and he did it. The third person had never run a marathon -his objective was to complete the race and he did. Each of these three entered therace with different objectives, they all met them, and they were all winners, regardlessof who won the race.

Mark Twain said, it is better to deserve an honour and not have it than to haveit and not deserve it. Dignity is not in possessing but deserving.

If winning is your only objective, you may miss out on the internal rewardsthat come with doing something well. More important than winning is winningwith honour and deserving to have won. It is better to lose honourably than tosucceed with dishonesty. Losing honourably may signify lack of preparation butdishonest winning signifies lack of character.

The real test of person’s character is what he would or would not do, if heknew he would not get caught. It is not worth compromising one’s integrity andtaking short-cuts to win. One may win a trophy but knowing the truth one cannever be a happy person. More important than winning a trophy is being a goodhuman being.

Winners live and work everyday as if it were their last day because one ofthese days it is going to be and nobody knows which one. But when they leave,they leave as winners.

MINNU KRISHNA P. S.S3 CE

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Tsunami - tsooNAH mee,Giant wave caused by an under sea earthquake,

Volcano or landslides, vibrations rush through the oceanat hundreds of kilometres / hour. In the open ocean, thewater level may rise and fall several feet as a tsunamipasses by. When they reach shallow water they slow downand build up into vast waves or a wall of water that risesmore than (30-70 meters) high.

The displacement of water will produce a wave, or aseries of waves, that will spread out from the area. Thedistance between successive wave crests may be 150 km.Hence ships, even quite close to the site of the originaldisturbance, may not notice their passage. The tsunamicrashes on to the shore, sweeping away anything on itsway.

The word tsunami is a combination of Japanese wordmeaning harbour and wave. The speed of a tsunamidepends on the depth of the water. In the Pacific ocean,for example, a tsunami travels at a speed of 600 miles(970 km per hour). As the tsunami comes close to the shore,however, the speed it is moving drops at about 100 miles(100 km/hr.) .

Tsunami is not as new to the world as it is for “India”. In1755, Lisbon quake -12 metes high sea waves killing30,000 -60,000 people. The effect of waves 3.5m - 4.5min height could be felt as far as West India. Aug. 27. 1883-due to the volcanic eruption in Krakatau in the Sunda Strait,27 meters high tsunami waves slammed shores killing36,000 people. In 1923 due to earth quake the sea floorof Sagami Bay of Japan was outsided from 305 km to457 km. In 1960, a tsunami near the coast of Chile causedmajor damage across the entire Pacific ocean.

In India, according to a former Director General of theMeteorological Department, Dr. Mihir Gusha, a tsunamistruck area adjacent to the Sunderbans in South Bengal

(now in Bangladesh) in May 1874 killed at least 12 lakhpeople.

The Kutch earthquake of June 16, 1819 generatedstrong tsunami which submerged the coastal areas andinflicted great damage to ships and country boats.

The earthquake of December 26, 2004 that occurredoff the Westcoast of the northern Sumatra took place atthe interface between India and Burma plates. The tsunamiwaves reached up to India, Sri Lanka and Maldivesdestroying the coastal area. The earth quake of 8.9magnitude under sea was the world’s most powerful earthquake in 40 yrs according to a coastal hazard study.

The destruction affected the states of Tamil Nadu, AndhraPradesh, Kerala and Nicobar Islands. Tsunami that hitKerala coast were 3-5 metres high only. It affected250 kms of the Kerala coast. Because of the diffractionwaves at Kanyakumari, the waves that travelled northwardlost their energy.

I was a person who in my life had never seen such ahazardous destruction to the naked eye. I took more than7 hours to take in the full destruction of the area near Kollamand Alapuzha. The wave came upto two to three kilometresin width, looted away all the belongings of the people, italso included human beings. Everything was uprooted andthe sea waves ate away the lion’s share of everything.

I thought, How can the sea be so cruel to humanbeings? Sometimes it may be so. It will also be a lesson toall, to end up the cruel mind of the people and be loyal tosociety and Mother Nature.

Now, regarding the rehabilitation of the affected people,it seems that the Government is not keen to look after them.The construction work of damaged and lost houses are inhalf dead manner. The people have lost everything eventheir means of living.

Just think : Now it is Tsunami, What Next ?

JAWHAR BASHA C. S.S3 CE

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OOOOOne sunny morning, a consultant civil engineeris sitting in his living room scanning through the morningnewspapers, unexpectedly a customer calls on him withsome details regarding his proposed house project. Thecivil engineer discusses with him about his requirementsfor his residence and the customer gives the details inthe sheet of paper he has brought with him. Theconsultant engineer asks him to come to his office afterthree days to collect the design and drawings for theresidential building.

This is only one example of the job a civil engineeris called upon to take up.How does he go about hisjob? He has to apply his technical expertise and give aperfect and flawless design and connected workingdrawings to his customer.

What engineers basically do is to think. In thinkingan engineer has specific objectives in mind, namely,problem definition and solution. Sometimes defining aproblem is more important than finding a solution.Thecomplexity of our society requires civil engineers tofurther expand their problem solving techniques. Wemust learn to become more creative to use more ofour thinking ability.

Creativity is combining of things and thoughts innew ways to produce something new. But every materialelement that has existed is here, the only things reallynew are the thoughts generated by a person or a group.A screenplay writer has said “ imagination is the capacityto see what is there”. Engineers know that outstandingdesign usually has an elegant simplicity, be it a bridgeor a building.

To make better use of creativity, we must teachourselves more about thinking. Researches who havestudied about brain say that there are two modes of

operation for a thinking mind ie; 1) intuitive holistic rightbrain and 2) the rational and analytical left brain. It isnot enough to develop the rational, logical and analyticalleft side but capabilities of both sides must be developed.

To become more creative we have to use both sidesof the brain and learn to think. That is, where it is veryimportant to listen to what is going on in our head. Afew suggestions of Sam Bonasso, a former presidentof a U.S consulting engineering firm are relevant.

a) To become more creative we can use brainstorming technique. Brain storming is a procedure,suggested first time by an advertising executive, in whicha small group of eight or even less gathers to discuss aspecial problem.One has to act as a facilitator to seethat rules are followed. Essential rules will be i) criticismof an idea is withheld till the brain storming session isover, ii) 'free wheeling’ or any suggestion or idea shouldbe encouraged because it is easy to improve a crazyidea than to come up with an idea in the first placeiii) the greater the number of ideas or suggestions thebetter the odds of coming up with a good one.iv) combining ideas, magnifying, substituting , minifying,finding alternatives, rearranging, reversing etc. are allpart of brain storming . It is easy, fun and successful.

Dr. M. K. VEERAN KUTTYHead of the DepartmentCivil Engineering

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b) To become more creative one has to cultivatehumour and wit. What makes things funny is theunexpected, the unearthing of something hidden.Civilengineers are a serious bunch. Many people have animpression that engineers take themselves very seriously.People who can laugh at themselves generally are theones who can respond with creative ideas. Just thinkof it! When was the last time you laughed at a jokeabout engineers? How often do you see a cartoon orread a funny story in an engineering magazine?Humour is the key to unlock our creative energies .

c) To improve creativity one must take advantageof the technique of unconscious simmering. This is theart of studying a problem from all different perspectivesin great detail and intensity and then sleeping over it.Then watch ideas springing from the subconscious inthe predictably automatic fashion. While standing underthe shower in the morning, day dreaming or walkingalone in evenings, ideas fire off in the brain.lt is saidthat Poincar’e discovered a major mathematical theorywhile boarding a bus and Archimedes came out withlaw of floatation while he was bathing in his bath tub.Making notes on these ideas and following up areimportant. Unless written down such ideas disappearas quickly and effortlessly as they arrived.

For learning, there are generally three methods.One is an authoritarion method in which an authorityon a subject teaches the subject, the second is thescientific method which is trying and failing and tryingagain. In the third method we learn through revealedtruths and this is creative thinking. Here ideas andsolutions to problems occur in a flash from a seeminglyunknown, unpredictable source.They are revealed tous from the inner depths of our mind and come out aswhole ideas. Being alert to this process is one of themost important aspects of creativity.

How to start to be creative? There is the story of astudent approaching the great novelist ErnestHemingway and asking ''How can a person learn towrite?” The auther said, ''By writing''. That indicates thatwe learn by doing. So to be more creative, we try to bemore creative . Master the art of thinking process andlisten to what is going on in your head. What engineerscould do with fundamental principles of thinking processmight amaze us all. Every engineer can be taught howto apply more creativity to problem solving. We mustlearn from people like Newton, Edison, Disney and othercreative geniuses who developed applied creativity tomake lasting contributions to science and humanity.

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“We are called to be a Shepherd” (1 Peter. 5;2-4)

EEEEEducation does not imply mere acquisition ofknowledge or qualifications and positions but it meanseducation of heart that embraces everyone of that mindthat thinks in terms of others, of the intellect that plansfor the wellbeing of that society and nation.

The heart of the teacher should be filled with theremarkable and noble traits to make the young heartsgrow and expand. He/She should be able to inspire,encourage, strengthen understand by giving time andlove to make the finest creation the noblest. No bettertributes have been paid to any profession on earth thanthat of the teacher. East or West every where, the teacheris respected and worshipped. He / she is the architectof the nation, the maker of man and history. Like ashepherd, the teacher cares, protects, loves and inspiresyoung ones. He / she conquers and strikes the evilpowers which are enemies of the youth. He / sheawakens the sleeping spirits and lights many candleswhich in later years will, shine back to him / her.Knowledge may be gained from books, but the love forknowledge is transmitted only by personal conduct.

Education must make us responsible, zealouscaring and sensible human beings. Our professionentrusts a valuable contribution to our nation by theAlmighty in ourselves and in others. A teacher shouldbe able to cope with every changing need of the child,has to know how to capture the attention of every child,how to receive the pain, double the joy and quiet thehurt with a gentle touch.

A teacher should appreciate which means to seta value on, to esteem fully, to encourage him / her touse his / her talent in every possible way.

The teaching profession demands high characterand perfect morality. An ideal teacher stands to fill thecall of the profession. Character is such that there isno difference between what is said and what is done.The teacher should be an eloquent speaker, a forcefulwriter, a torch bearer and a lover of humanity.

Let us be proud that we belong to that section ofthe society which has always contributed for the makingof the nation. In short the role of a teacher is toteach................

We the teachers mould you for a better tomorrow!

Quality for a Noble Mission

N. R. SREEKUMARLecturer

Civil Engineering Dept.

122

TTTTThe subject Time Management would be beneficial to all. Everyonewho would like to become a successful person in their respective careercan use it to learn and apply the principles of time management in day-to-day life. Several students complain of lack of time to study to writeassignments, to do project work, to read newspapers, to take part insports activities and even to do physical exercise. Some students veryoften complain that they do not get enough time to answer all questionsin the examination. However, such students must realize that it is veryessential for them to plan their work and work their plans. Planning isvery important. Only then they will find time to do all the activities in asystematic manner. We must remember that where there is a will, thereis a way. If we are willing to find time for an activity, then we will be ableto really find time to do so. The future ahead of us is uncertain and filledwith a lot of uncertainties. Modern organizations require candidateswho are smart, energetic, and hardworking, with a creative mind whichmeans that they should be able to manage the available time effectivelyand efficiently.

Time is equally available to all and is one of the most precious assetsof man. Very few people are utilizing it effectively and efficiently. Asuccessful person is one who understands the importance of time anduses it wisely. Some times Time gets neglected by all of us. The generaltendency is to procrastinate. We take time for granted and pay littleimportance to its effectiveness. Although time appears to be plentiful,we do not have enough, since supply of time is limited. Time once lost islost forever. Those who make worst use of their time, complain of itsshortness. Time is to be used effectively. Those who know how to use

the time effectively can keep their walkof life under control. Effective timemanagement can help individualsbecome Masters of their Goals andObjectives. Time management is askill, which one ought to learn inorder to develop habits of work whichare of great value and which will helpus to attain success. There is amisconception among us that onlyExecutives need to study the subject,‘Time Management’. It is not true.Irrespective of the position in thesociety one has to make use of theavailable time to attain success.

Time has its own Psychology.Time is an opportunity. The key tot ime management is to worksmarter not harder. In every phaseof our life, each of us, regardlessof our function in an organization,can control t ime. Before wemanage our time effectively, weneed to know how we are going touse it. Many of us assume that weknow how to use our time. But it isnot possible to assess our timeaccurately. Periodic time audit is

Dr. C. J. JAMESProfessor

Humanities Dept.

123

essential. It is suggested that one devotes at leastfive minutes every night to review and analyze howthe day has gone by.

The main problem as has been pointed out isprocrastination. Why do we procrastinate?

• May be because the task at hand is not urgent.• We are afraid of failure.• The task is too demanding.• We don’t understand our requirements.• We think that the task is boring or

uninteresting.• We need more time.• The job is not well defined or the requirements

are too complex.There are certain personal traits and work habits

that interfere with the proper use of time. One must bealert to detect these negative traits in his own behaviour.Some people waste time by making excuses orexplaining past failures. Negative emotions such ashostility, frustration and worry, excessive tension, candisrupt thought processes and also produce physicaland mental fatigue. The major techniques for managingtime more effectively are as follows:

• List goals and set priorities. There will be noachievement without goals. We should have clearobjectives in our mind.

• Make a daily-to-do list which needs priority.• Start with A’s and not the C’s.• Do it now.Biological Time Management involves managing the

needs of the body like sleep, food, digestion and regularexercises. Exercise will keep our mind and body fit.Discipline and regularity in food habits is important.One should eat at regular intervals. Sleep is essentialfor the body and more important, a restful sleep. Inorder to gain time we often cut down our sleep. This is

not the solution to gain time. Either we can sleep earlyto get up early; or we can go to bed late to get up late.This is the only way that we can get some undisturbedtime for reading, writing, personal work or for doingother work which requires full concentration. Gettingup early by 4. A.M is very good as it has severaladvantages. Our mind is fresh, and there is serenity allaround. This enables us to work with full concentration.It is as good as getting an extra day.

Business time management involves time-savingtechniques in the office and also carefully utilizing it.Always let’s finish our work assignment in time. Allpending work is double work. Jumping from oneincomplete activity to another means a lot of time andcontinuously working on one topic tires the mind. It willbe better to change the nature of work and approacha new subject with a certain degree of freshness. Goingto office half an hour before others arrive will give onetime to concentrate on office matters; and keep workready for others. Several subordinates generally feelthat their boss is their chief time waster. For a boss toincrease his efficiency, he should allot work to assistantswho in turn allot work to their subordinates and co-ordinate activities and get a feedback from theseassistants. Delegation and team work are the essenceof executive success at the top. All papers, files, reports,books, etc should be in the proper place in an office.The table should be clear so that things are easilyaccessible. Visitors should be given a fixed and specificslot of time. As far as possible, office work should notbe carried home.

To conclude we should budget our time. Decide ona minimum amount of time to spend on a project andstick to it. Time is a unique resource, it cannot be savedor stored, bent or borrowed, it is irreversible. It wouldbe worth remembering about ‘TIME’ :-

Yesterday is a cancelled cheque, Tomorrow is apromissory note, Today is ready cash. USE IT.

124

Today we are experiencing a steep fall in the levelof character and behaviour. Many people are not givingimportance to the moral values and honesty. They aremisusing the opportunities for their personal gains andhappiness.

Personality is a set of characteristics andtendencies that determines thosecommonalities and differences in thebehaviour (thoughts, feelings & actions)of people that have continuity in time andthat may not be easily understood as thesole result of the social and biologicalpressures of the moment.

S.R.Maddi, Personality theories

Personality factors are extremely important inhuman behaviour. Personality takes the whole manconcept because it affects the various psychologicalprocesses. D.E.James, an eminent psychologist, in hisbook, "Introduction to psychology”, opines that "it isbetter to consider the individual aspects of a person’smake-up as bricks and personality as the whole housebuilt of bricks, but held together with cement.’’

Though the term personality is frequently usedby people, there does not seem to be any consensusabout its meaning.

The term personality has been derived from Latinword “Persona” which means ‘to speak through’. ThisLatin term denotes the masks which the actors used towear in ancient Greece and Rome. Thus personality isused in terms of influencing others through externalappearance. However, mere external appearance,though important for personality characteristics, doesnot make the whole personality.PPPPPersonality should include:ersonality should include:ersonality should include:ersonality should include:ersonality should include:

i) external appearance and behaviourii) inner awareness of self as a permanent

organising force andiii) the particular pattern of measurable traits,

both inner and outerAccordingly, personality embraces all the unique

traits and patterns of adjustment of the individual in hisrelationship with others and his environment.

Human personality development is a continuousprocess. It starts since the child is in foetal stage. After

DEEPA MOHANLecturer

Civil Engineering Dept.

125

birth, the child develops and learns and this processcontinues throughout his life. So, personalitydevelopment can be seen through different stages ofage of an individual. At each stage, a person developsdifferent aspects of personality. These stages have beendescribed differently by different personality theorists.

Erikson’s psychological stages of personalitydevelopment provide more valuable insights forunderstanding the development of personality.

Stage of developmentStage of developmentStage of developmentStage of developmentStage of development AgeAgeAgeAgeAge Cris isCris isCris isCris isCris isOral sensory stage 0-1 Trust

versus mistrustMuscular & Anal stage 1-2 Autonomy

versus doubtLocomotor genital stage 3-5 Initiative

versus guiltLatency stage 6-12 Industry

versus inferiorityAdolescence 12-19 Identity

versus confusionEarly adult hood early 20s Intimacy

versus isolationYoung and middle late20s Generativityadult hood versus stagnation.Mature adult hood 30s Integrity

versus despair

1. Oral sensory stage: In this stage, the child tries toresolve the crisis of trust versus mistrust. The infantwho is cared well develops trust in people whilethe infant who is not well cared develops mistrust.This stage makes a serious impact on a child thatinfluences his behaviour for the remaining life.

2. Muscular & Anal stage: In this stage, the childdevelops the sense of autonomy if his behaviour isapproved by the parents and other people. If thechild faces disapproval by the elders, he developsa sense of doubt & shame.

3. Locomotor genital stage: In this stage, he tries todiscover how much he can do. If the child isencouraged to acheive reasonable goals, hedevelops the sense of initiative & if he is blockedand made to feel incapable, he develops a senseof guilt and lack of self confidence.

4. Latency stage: In this stage, the child tries to developmany new skills and social abilities in this schoolgoing stage. If the child experiences progress at a

rate compatible with his abilities, he develops asense of enterprise. Otherwise, he develops a senseof inferiority.

5. Adolescence: In this teenage stage, he tries to gaina sense of identity & tries to establish himself associally different from his parents.

6. Early adult hood: In this stage, the person tries toresolve the crisis of intimacy versus isolation. Thesense of identity developed in him helps to developdeep & lasting relationships.

7. Young & Middle Adulthood: Generative personsattach more importance to the society ascompared to themselves. They try to becomeinnovative & creative. Self absorbed persons donot show concern for future generations & theyremain preoccupied with their own development.

8. Mature Adulthood: In this stage, the person facesthe crisis of integrity versus despair. The persongets maturity, wisdom & perspective that can guidethe younger generations.The most relevant stage is that of the young and

middle adulthood. The best outcome for personalityfulfillment would be an attitude of production andconcern for the world and future generation. Thus,young and middle-aged adults who solve theirpsychological crisis by being productive will develop thehealthiest personalities.

Therefore, personality represents a process ofchange and it relates to the psychological growth &development of individuals. The impact of biologicalfactors, family & group factors, situational factors &cultural factors on the individual personality also affectpersonality and the personality affects the behaviour ofa person.

126

In Rome, spider weaves its webs where Caeser ruled.The Mesopotamian civilization is extinct. Egyptiancivilization became confined to Pyramids. The Chinesecivilization is having its last breath. But there has beenone civilization with continuity of 8000 years or so stillliving in the earth. The Aryan civilization which was born,grew and is still living in their sacred land called Bharat,India, Hindustan etc. We, even though have had ourhighs and lows, are still the only race in world whichcan claim such a rich cultural heritage and spiritualhistory. A greatness which was achieved even withoutany conquest in its long history. But bad omens hadbegun to cast a shadow on us. Is the dusk of ourMotherland near? Considering the situation of today,such a situation is not impossible. Let us have a look atthe problems faced by this Nation and their remedies.

A civilization can be easily evaluated by lookinginto their attitude towards women. There was a periodin the history of this Nation when women were treatedas the purest form of life who are to be respected andprotected. But all that has become just past glory now.In the present day Bharat that is India, the brides areweighed by the dowry her family is ready to give. Thedowry is just one of the issues faced by women. In facther problems start right from the period she is in hermother’s womb. The census figures showed a steepdecline in the growth of female population for the lastfew years which can be only attributed to the large scale

abortion, female infanticide. And when she grows, shedoesn’t have the freedom to walk freely, to go to herfriend’s house, to laugh a bit loudly or sometimes evento go to school. Every day some woman is being raped,some woman is being abused, some woman is beingtortured and the society stands still as a silent spectator.It is said in 'Manusmrithi' that if a society doesn’t protectwomen, the Gods will not protect that society. Quranand Bible also don’t differ much in offering protectionto women. But when it comes to the problems of women,it seems people just forget what their religion teachesthem.

The moral devaluation of this civilization is anothermatter of concern. This was started with the entry ofEuropeans. They were not ready to recognize the factthat Aryan civilization is much older and much greaterthan any western civilization. To counter this, they begana false propaganda of ‘Aryan Migration Theory’ andof the ‘Aryan-Dravidian Divide’. When you talk to a manthat his father was a scoundrel normally he will lose allhis pride and morale and he will swim to the dark. Thisis exactly what happened to the minds of Indians. Theyfell to the western propaganda and accepted that webecame a unified nation only when the British came.The biggest mistake we did was that we did not try tocorrect it even after we gained Independence. If aperson proclaims that this Nation has a great historyand Aryans were indeed the sons of Motherland, he isbeing dubbed as fascist meanwhile those whoproclaimed in 1947 that India should be divided into16 countries still lives peacefully in this Nation. Thismoral devaluation spread into governance andbureaucracy also leading to corrupt practices. The factthat a majority of present generation sees Politics as a100% corrupt institution is an eye opener for all.

Even though the internal problems are still not over,another matter of great concern is the military threat

ARUN K. A.S5 AE

127

of our northern neighbour. In 1950s she captured theholy land of Tibet and we thought she will not cheat usagain. But we were attacked and defeated by her in1962. A quarter of Kashmir including the mighty‘Kailas’ is still under the boots of Chinese soldiers. Theyhad got the biggest army. She cheated us in the pastand she is doing it again. She now wages an indirectwar against the Indian state by fully supporting theMaoists with Arms Supplies,creating a Maoist corridorstretching from Nepal to Andhra. And we instead ofincreasing our force are busy finding out corruptionsin each and every defence deals. It does not require agenius, but just a man with a sense of history to predictthat China will not tolerate us in the future.

The problems of this civilization are still not over.Religious Terrorism, Maoist Insurgency, North EastInsurgency, Kashmir, rising unemployment, extremepoverty, population explosion... Why all this happensto us only?

We are now suffering because we left our precioustradition and culture and went for foreign values whichnever suited our land. But all is still not lost. We still canemerge as the supreme. The first thing of course will bea thorough revamping of education system with thrust

in Value education. The revamping should be done byan expert academic committee with secular credentials.It is high time that Nation had a uniform EducationalSyllabus. Children should be taught to respect women,to love their Nation and to be physically fit doing theircourse. To counter the growing danger to the integrityof the Nation each citizen should be given one year ofcompulsory military training at an age of 18. Theintroduction of e-governance will ensure transparencyin Governance and will speed up the official machinery.Meanwhile we should continue our thrust inCompulsory Education and free Primary Healthfacilities.

Also the ideologies of today are really outdated. Whatwe need is an ideology developed for our civilization.Foundation for such a thing was first laid out by SwamiVivekananda. The work was carried forward by Gandhijiwith his concept of the welfare state. A mix of ideasinculcated by our national heroes on various occasionswould remain a guiding beacon for our developmentand peaceful co-existence. The reemergence of thisgreat Motherland is still possible.

VANDE MATARAM

128

sF.C.-Fkv tImtf-Pnse Hcp hnZym¿∞n F∂-Xn-ep-]cn Hcpkm[m-cW Imbn-I-t]an F∂ \ne-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ß-s´. Bh-iy-Øn\v kuI-cy-ßfpw klm-b-Øn\v Hcp A≤ym-]-I\pw D≠m-bn´pwHgn-™p-In-S-°p∂ \ΩpsS Ku≠p-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp tcmZ\w H∂pi≤n-®m¬ B¿°pw tIƒ°m≥ Ign-bpw. s]m^-j-W¬ tImtf-P-pI-fn¬ \n∂p≈ Cu tcmZ-\-amWv Cß-s\-sbmcp io¿jIw sXc-s™-Sp-°m≥ t]cn-∏n-®-Xpw.

\ΩpsS tImtf-Pn\v kz¥-ambn Ku≠v h∂n v GI-tZiw 6 amk-tØm-f-ambn. AXn\p aps∂ Xs∂ nkn-°¬ sSbn-\-dmbn Hcp A≤ym-]-I-t\bpw \nb-an-®p. sF.-C.-Fkv amt\-Pvsa‚ v hfsc kvXpXy¿l-amb coXn-bnepw thK-Øn-ep-amWv CsX√mw \S-Øn-b-Xpw. ]t£ ]Xo-£n-®-Xp-t]m-semcp Xmev]cyw hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS mK-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-bn-√. tImtfPv Ku≠p-Iƒ Hgn-™p-Xs∂ InS-∂p. tImtfPv kµ¿i-\-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ amt\-Pvsa‚nse Hcp saº¿ CXv i≤n-°p-Ibpw A≤ym-]-I-t\mSv ImcWw At\z-jn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXn-\p-tijw A≤ym-]-I≥ I¿i-\-am-bn-Øs∂ Hcp \ne-]m-sSSpØp. ÿnc-ambn ]cn-io-e-\-Øn\v Cd-ßm-Ø-hsc tImtfPv Soan¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°p-sa∂v Xm°oXpw\¬In. F∂n´pw ÿnXn amdn-bn-√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsSXmev]-cy-°p-dhp Xs∂-bmtWm ImcWw?

Imc-W-ßƒ ]e-Xp-≠v. s]m -j-W¬ tImgvkns‚ hnim-e-ambkne-_kpw FÆn-bm¬ HSp-ßmØ Ak-bn≥sa‚p-Ifpw hnZym¿∞n-Isf sR°n-∏n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu \ocm-fn-ss°-I-fn¬ \ns∂m-gn™Hcp kabw Is≠-Øm≥ Ah¿°v km[n-°m-ØXv kzm`m-hnIw amX-am-Wv. ska-Ã¿ coXnbpw ]co-£m-Xn-ø-Xn-I-fpsS Iao-I-c-W-ßfpw\Ωsf tImtfPv sKbnwkv t]mep≈ a’-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-t]mepw AI-‰p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ s]m -j-W¬ tImtf-Pp-I-fn¬\n∂v Hcp Imbn-I-XmcwDb¿∂p-h-cnI F∂Xv Gsd-°psd A]m-]y-am-Wv.

t\csØ kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-ep≈ kuI-cy-ßƒ amt\-Pvsa‚ v\¬In-sb-¶nepw Nne hogvN-Iƒ Ah-cpsS `mK-Øp-\n∂pw D≠mbnF∂p thWw Icp-Xm≥. Imbn-Im-[ym-]-Is\ \nb-an-s®-¶nepw hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS ]T-\sØ bmsXmcp Xc-Ønepw _m[n-°-cpXv F∂v I¿i-\-ambn Ah¿ Xm°oXv \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. I¿Ω-\n-c-X-\m-th≠ Hcp A≤ym-]-I\v Xs‚ I¿Ø-hy-sØ-°p-dn®v hnkva-cn-t°≠n h∂p. oa-amb ]T-\-s®-ehpw t]dn hcp∂ hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS `mhn°v Xm≥ Hcp XS- -am-tI-≠-sb∂v ]mhw A≤ym-]-I≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw IqSn sNbvX-tXmsSImbn-I-Ø-I¿® Hgn-hm-°m≥ ]‰m-Xm-bn. Ifn-°m≥ Xmev]-cy-hp-ambnh∂ GXm\pw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v hymbm-a-ap-d-Iƒ cpNn-°msX h∂-t∏mƒ Ku≠v ho≠pw hnP-\-am-bn. hnc-k-amb hymbm-a-ap-d-I-tf-°mƒkPo-h-amb a’-c-ßƒ Bbn-cp∂p Ah¿ BK-ln-®n-cp-∂-Xv. A≤ym-]-Is\ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-b√; sk¬^v n\m≥knßv tImtf-Pp-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ a’-c-ßƒ \S-∂-t∏mgpw thmfn-t_mƒ Sq¿W-sa‚n-\mbp≈ BXn-tY-bXzw hln-®-t∏mgpw At±lw \S-Ønb A£oW ]b-Xv\-ßsf\µn-]q¿∆w kvacn-°p-∂p. CXbpw ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ sF.-C.-Fkv Soan\v H∂v c≠v hnP-b-ßƒ t\Sn-Ø-cm\pw At±lw

klm-bn -®p . ]t£ tImtf -Pn -\p -≈n¬ Hcpkvt]m¿Svkv ao‰v kwL-Sn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS mK-Øp-\n-∂p-t]mepw Hcp \n -l-I-cW at\m-`mhw D≠m-bn. a’-c-ß-fn¬ Npcp°w hnZym¿∞n-Itf ]s¶-Sp-Øp-≈q. ImWn-I-fm-hm-\p≈ k∑-\- p-t]m-epw A[nIw t]cpw- Im-Wn-®n-√.

ta¬]-d™ Ahÿ Xs∂-bmWv H´p-an°s]m -j-W¬ tImtf-Pp-I-fn-te-Xpw. \ΩpsS tImtf-Pnepw kuI-cy-ap-≠m-bn´pw D]-tbm-Kn-°msX ]mgm-hp-I-bm-Wv. GXm≠v H´p-an° ÿe-ß-fnepw ]Nm-c-ap-≈Xpw Bth-i-ap-b¿Øp-∂Xpw Bb Hcp sKbnwBWv pSvt_mƒ. AXp-t]mepw Ifn-°m≥ \ΩpsStImtf-Pnse Ip´n-Iƒ Xm-ev]cyw ImWn-°-msX,Ku≠n¬ sNSn-Ifpw ]p√pw ImSp-]n-Sn®v InS-°p-∂XpImWp-tºmƒ k¶Sw tXm∂p-∂p.

ImbnI hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚ ]m[m\ywsNdp∏w apX¬ \Ωƒ°-dn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. HcphnZym¿∞n-bpsS kz`mh cq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ hsckzm[o\w sNep-Øp-∂-XmWv Imbn-I-a-’-c-ßƒ.""Dd® t]in-I-fp≈ ico-c-Ønte Dd® a\- n\pÿm\-ap-≈q. `K-h-Zv KoXm ]mcm-b-W-tØ-t∏mse^pSvt_mƒ Ifn -bn -eq -sSbpw tam£-]m]vXne`n°pw'', F∂ io kzman hnth-Im-\-µs‚ hm°p-Iƒ kvacn-°p-tºm-gmWv ta¬]-d™ hmIy-ß-fnseBi-b-hym]vXn Dƒs°m-≈p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp≈q.hcpw h¿j-ß-fn¬ sF.-C.-F- ns‚ ap‰-Øp-\n∂pwImbn-I-Xm-c-ßƒ Db¿∂p-h-cs´ F∂p ]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-≠v, ]m¿∞n-®p-sIm≠v \ndp-Ø-s´.

SUJITH K. G.S5 EC

131

HHHHHere’s an incident that happened long back.It was narrated to me by my beloved professor ofEnglish,Dr. Jayanthi Balakrishnan from her personalexperience.

It was a rainy afternoon. The first hour of thesession- language now for all first degree classes,got over. The students and the lecturer busily cameout of the lecture hall as everyone had class thevery next hour in their own departments which wereat a10-15 minutes walking distance. The oldcollege buildings are so scattered in the campusthat a bus service inside the campus can never beconsidered as a luxury.

Everyone waited anxiously for the rain to lowerits intensity. But nothing happened. Slowly thestudents started playing in the water logged in theverandah and later they started dancing in therain too. The lecturer,as her age for a rain - dancehad passed, stood in the verandah enjoying herstudents celebrating their youth in the blessingshower of sky. A student whose legs were weakenedby an attack of polio, was sitting near to her in hiswheel chair. He too was watching with the lecturer,the students making paper boats and all. Suddenlyhe turned his face towards his teacher and askeda question which was in no way related to thesituation.

“Madam, you’re having a child of three years,no? Did you give him polio drops this year?”.

RENUKA C. S.S3 CE

132

]n]n]n]n]nb-s∏-´-h-sc, Fs∂ \nßƒ°v Adn-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw.Hcp-]t£ Fs‚ cq]-ß-fn¬ Hcp cq]sØ F¶nepw\nßƒ°v ASpØv ]cn-Nbw D≠m-Ipw. Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ cq]-Øns‚ t]cv "sUkvIv' Ft∂m at‰m BsW-∂mWv Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

Fs‚ P\\w hfsc hnim-e-amb Hcp ÿe-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. \nd®v ]® ]p√p-Ifpw \ndsb ]qºm-‰-Ifpw Hs° D≈ÿew. AhnsS Hcp sNdnb ssX cq-]-Øn¬ Rm≥ apf-®p.Fs‚ ASpØv ]S¿∂v ]¥-en®p \n∂n-cp∂ Hcp henb ssX(a-\p-jy¿ AXns\ "acw' F∂m-WtX hnfn-°p--∂Xv) ]d™pHcp Xpem-h¿j-a-g-bn¬ s]mń D≠mbXmWtX Rm≥. Hcp-]m-Sp-Imew Ign-bp-tºmƒ Bfp-Iƒ Fs∂bpw ac-sa∂v hnfn-°p-a-tX. Rm≥ AXp-tI´v FX kt¥m-jn-s®-t∂m. Ipd-®p-Imew Ign-™m¬ acw BIm-a-t√m. ]ns∂ Btcbpw t]Sn-°msX Xe-bp-b¿Øn \n¬°m-w.

Fs‚ ssiihw hfsc Zpcn-X-ßƒ \nd-™-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.Hcp Znhkw a\p-jy¿ "BSv' F∂v hnfn-°p∂ Hcp Pohn,Fs‚ Imen¬ Hcp ISn. F\n°v FX-amXw s\m¥p-sht∂m? At∏mƒ apØ-—≥ acw ]d-bp-Ibm, ""CsXms°ChnsS ÿnc-am-Wt√m''. ""Hcp ac-am-I-s´, F∂n- p-thWw CuPohnsb Hcp ]mTw ]Tn-∏n-°m≥'', Rm≥ hnNm-cn-®p. ]n∂o-S-tßm´v Hcp acw BIm-\p≈ XX-∏m-Sn-em-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-th≠n [mcmfw kqcy-]-Im-ihpw sh≈hpw hen-s®-Sp-Øp.Aßs\ Rm≥ Xd-bn¬\n∂v Iptds» Db¿∂p-Xp-S-ßn.Aßs\ Hcp Znhkw Rm≥ apØ-—≥ ac-Øns‚ tXmƒhsc-sb-Øn. At∏m-gmWv Hcp kw`hw \S-∂-Xv, Hcp Ip™p-]£n, a\p-jy¿ AXns\ hnfn-°p-∂Xv "Ipcphn' Ft∂m at‰mBWv. AXv Fs‚ t\¿°v Hcp ssht°mepw sIm≠p-h-cp-∂p. F¥n-\mhpw? At∏mƒ apØ-—≥ acw ]d™p AXpIqSp-Iq-´m≥ hcp-∂-Xm-W-sX. henb ac-ß-fn¬ amXtaAßs\ sNøm-dp≈qtX. F\n°v AXv tI´-t∏mƒ henbKa-bm-bn. Aßs\ Ipsd-Imew Ign-™p. At∏m-tg°pwFs‚ XSn°p Dd∏pw hÆhpw Hs°-IqSn. Fs‚ Nn√-I-fn¬ \nd®v Infn-I-fm-bn. Ah-cpsS In∂m-c-ßfpw Ie-]nei_vZ-ßfpw Fs‚ PohnXsØ kt¥mjw \nd-™-Xm-°n. ]ns∂ \nß-tfm-Sp-amXw Rm≥ Hcp kzImcyw ]d-bmw.F\n°v At∏mƒ Hcp Iq´p-Im-cn-sb-bpw-In-ń. Ahƒ apf®p

hcp-∂tX D≈q. Ft∂-°mfpw sNdp-∏-am-Wv. F¶nepw Im‰v

JAYALAKSHMI P. K.S5 AE

hcp-tºmƒ Ah-fpsS an\p-k-ap≈ Ce-Iƒ Fs‚ Nn√-I-fn¬X-´pw. At∏mƒ Bcpw ImWmsX Rm\-h-tfmSp h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Aßs\ Fs‚ PohnXw kt¥m-j-]q¿∆w apt∂m´p \oßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Aß-s\-bncns° Hcp- Zn-hkw Iptd a\p-jy¿ Rß-fpsSASp-Øp-h-∂p. Fs‚bpw apØ-—≥ ac-Øn-s‚bpw Hs° XSn-]n-Sn®p t\m°p-Ibpw F\n°v ]cn-Nbw C√m-Ø - mj kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ]t£ HcpImcyw F\n°v a\- n-em-bn. Fs‚ XSn \√ an\p-k-ap-≈-Xm-sW∂v. Ah¿ Aßs\]d-™Xv F¥n-\mhpw? ]nt‰∂v cmhnse a\p-jy-cpsS h¿Ø-am\w tI´mWv Rm≥ DW¿∂-Xv. C∂se h∂-h¿ C∂pwh∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ]pXnb Iptd Bfp-Iƒ D≠v. F\n°v I≠p-]-cn-Nbw C√m-Ø-h-cmWv Ah¿. s]s´-∂mWv AXv kw`-hn-®-Xv. AXn¬ Hcp-Ø≥ Hcp km[-\w-sIm≠v Fs‚ Imen¬Bs™mcpsh´v. Rm≥ sRń-t∏m-bn. Fs‚ Imen¬\n∂pwtNmc s]mSn-™p. shńs‚ i‡n-sIm≠v Fs‚ Nn√-I-fn¬IqSv Iqń-bn-cp∂ Infn-Iƒ F√mw ]d-∂p-t]m-bn.

F¥m-W-h¿ sNøp-∂Xv? F¥n-\m-W-h¿ Fs∂ D]-Z-hn-°p-∂Xv? F\n°v H∂pw a\-kn-em-bn-√. Rm≥ t\m°n\n¬s° Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlw shń\pdp°n Ij-W-ß-fm°nsIń Hcp h≠n-bn¬ B°n sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Aßs\Rm≥ Fs‚ hf¿∂ ÿew-hn´v Fs‚ apØ-—≥ ac-sØ-bpw- Iq´p-Im-cn-sbbpw IqSv Iqńb Infn-I-sfbpw hn´v ]pXnbHcp ÿe-tØ°v ]pXnb Hcp temI-Øn-te°v bmX-bm-bn.

]pXnb ÿehpw ]pXnb Bfp-Ifpw F\n°v Xosc]cn-Nbw C√m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. ""Bimcn'' Ft∂m at‰m ]d-bp∂ Hcmƒ h∂v Fs‚ tZlw- sXm´v XtemSn t\m°n.F\n°v BsI t]Sn-bm-bn. C\n ho≠pw shń \pdp-°p-hm≥BIp-tam? ]t£ t]Sn-®-Xp-t]mse H∂pw \S-∂n-√. Fs‚tZl-Øns‚ Iptd-`m-K-ßƒ Ah¿ ASp-°n-s]-dp°n am‰n-sh-®p. Iptd mK-ßƒ Ah¿ h≠n-bn¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn. F¥n-\m-Wmthm?

Aßs\ Rm≥ Hcp IjvWw Ib-dns‚ _‘-\-Øn¬Hcp aqe-bn¬InS∂p. C\n Hcn-°epw Fs‚ tZlØv Infn-Iƒ IqSv Iqń-√. Cu Nn¥- Fs∂ hfsc thZ-\n-∏n-®p. Fs‚IÆn¬\n∂v IÆp-\ocv hcp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ BcpwAXv i≤n-®n-√.

133

Aßs\ ]nt‰∂v cmhn-se-bmbn. Fs‚ ]`m-X-ßƒ°vCt∏mƒ `wKn-bn-√. Infn-I-fpsS Ie-]n-e-i-_vZ-ßfpw Fs‚

Iq´p-Im-cn-bpsS In∂m-chpw C√mØ BZysØ ]`m-Xw.F\n°v h√msX Zmln-°p-∂p-≠m-bncp∂p. ]t£ sh≈w

hen-s®-Sp-°m≥ Fs‚ Imep-Iƒ Ah¿ shń-bn-t√. Rm≥AhnsS InS-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏m-gmWv C∂se Fs∂

sXm´p-t\m-°nb Bƒ Fs‚ ASpØv h∂-Xv. IqsS thsdNne Bƒ°m¿ IqSn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Fs∂-thsd

GtXm ÿe-tØ°v sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-Ip-d-®vIqSnhnim-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. \√ Im‰pw shfn-®hpw D≈ ÿew. Rm≥

t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ AhnsS Fs∂-t]mse thsd Ipsd-t]cpwD≠m-bn-cp∂p. lmhq! F\n°v kam-[m-\-am-bn. an≠m\pw ]d-

bm\pw Bsc-¶nepw Hs° D≠t√m. At∏mƒ "Bimcn' F∂Bƒ Fs∂ FSpØv Db-c-ap≈ Ft¥m H∂ns‚ ta¬ h®p.

]ns∂ Ft¥m Hcp km[-\w-sIm≠v Fs‚ tZlØv Hcphen, Atøm....... Fs‚ sXmen s]mfn-™p-h-∂p. Cuiz-cm....

Ch¿ Ft∂mSv F¥n-\m-Wmthm Cu tZmlw sNøp-∂-Xv.Fs‚ tZlw IqSp-X¬ an\pkamIm≥ BsW-sX. Aßs\

Fs‚ sXmen Hcp-]mSv t]mbn. Rm≥ \√ an\p-k-ap≈

Bfmbn Aßs\ InS∂p.

]ns∂bpw ]`m-X-ßƒ Hcp-]mSp IS-∂p-t]m-bn. Ah¿

Fs‚ tZlØv Fs¥m-s°tbm sNbvXp. Rm≥ AsX√mw

\ni-_vZ-ambn kln®p InS-∂p.

\mfp-Iƒ Hcp-]mSp Ign-™p. Fs‚ cq]w- amdnamdn

sIm≠n-cp∂p. Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlØv Fs¥-ms°mtbm

sNbvXpsIm≠n-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Aßs\ Hcp-]mSp Imew

Ign-™p. HSp-hn¬ Ah¿ "Ccpºv' Ft∂m at‰m ]d-bp∂

Iptd km[-\-ßƒ Fs‚ tZlØv ]nSn-∏n-®p. Ipd-s®ms°

s\ms¥-¶nepw Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ tZlw -Ip-ds®m∂pb¿∂p.

Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ t]cv "sUkvIv' Ft∂m at‰m BWv F∂v

Btcm ]d-bp-∂Xv tI´p. Aßs\ GtXm ag-°m-eØv s]mń-

ap-f® F\n°v Iptd t]cp-I-fm-bn.

Ah¿ Fs‚ cq]sØ h≠n-bn¬ Ib‰n Ftßmt´m

sIm≠p-t]m-bn. GtXm F©n-\o-b-dnßv tImtfPv F∂p-]-d-

bp∂ ÿe-am-WtX AXv. GXm-Wmthm B ÿew. Fs‚

apØ-—≥ achpw Fs‚ Iq´p-Im-cnbpw D≈ ÿeamtWm

Ft¥m. Hcp-]m-Sp-Zqcw k©-cn® h≠n Hcp henb ÿe-

sØ-Øn. AhnsS AXm Hcp henb sIń-Sw. F¥p hep-Xm-

sWt∂m? CXm-Iptam Fs‚ ]pXnb ÿew. Blm!

ImWm≥ F¥p- w-Kn. Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlw FSpØv Hcp henb

apdn-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-®p. \ndsb P\-ep-Iƒ D≈ apdn-bm-bn-

cp∂p AXv. AXm B apdn-bn¬ Fs‚ cq]-Øn¬ Hcp-]m-Sp-

t]¿ thsdbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F\n°v `b-¶c kt¥m-jw-

tXm-∂n. B, ]ns∂ B apdn-bn¬ Hcp henb IdpØ km[\w

D≠v. AXns‚ t]cv F¥m-sW-∂-dn-bn-√. Fs‚ ASpØv

Ah¿ Hcp km[\w sIm≠p-h-®p. AXns‚ t]cv "s_©v'

F∂m-W-tX. F\n°v hfsc kt¥mjw tXm∂n. H∂p-an-

≠m≥ Hcp Bfm-bn-t√. Aßs\ Rm≥ AhnsS hfsc kpJ-

tØm-sSbpw kuI-cy-tØm-sSbpw InS-∂p.

Ipd®v \mfp-Iƒ Ign-™p. Hcp Znhkw B sIń-S-

Øn¬ \nd®v Bfp-Iƒ h∂p. AXn¬\n∂v Hcp-]‰w Ipń-

Iƒ Fs‚ t\¿°v h∂p. Ah¿ s_©n¬ Ccp∂v Ah-

cpsS km[-\-ßƒ Fs‚ tZlØv h®p. AXm, Ah¿ Ah-cpsS ssIøp-Iƒ Fs‚ tZlØv h®v Infn-Isft]mse Ie-

]n-e-Iq-´m≥ XpSßn. Fs‚ kt¥mjw ]d™dn-bn-°m≥]‰m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ho≠pw Infn-Iƒ Fs‚ Nn√-I-fn¬h∂v

IqSv Iqń-b-Xp-t]m-se. Fs¥-∂n-√mØ kt¥mjw tXm∂nF\n-°v.

Aßs\ Hcp-]mSv Ime-ßƒ°v tijw Fs‚ ]`m-X-

ßƒ ho≠pw \nd-ap-≈-Xm-bn-Xp-S-ßn. Rm\pw ImØn-cn°pwFs‚ Ipń-Iƒ Fs‚ t\¿°v hcm≥, Fs‚ tZlØv

ssIIƒ h®v Ie-]ne Iq´m≥, Fs‚ tZlØv h®v £WwIgn-°m≥, Aßs\ Aßs\ Hcp ]mSp Imcy-ßƒ. kt¥m-

j-Øns‚ Znh-k-ßƒ ho≠pw Fs‚ Pohn-X-Øn-te°v IS∂ph∂p XpS-ßn. Aßs\ Rm≥ Pohn®p XpSßn.

]s£ s] -∂mWv Hcp Znhkw AXv kw -hn-®Xv. Fs‚tZlØv Ah¿ Ft¥m Hcp km[\w sIm≠v IpØn. Hcp

\o‰-em-bn-cp∂p BZyw tXm∂n-bXv. Ft¥m Ah¿ Fgp-Xp-I-bm-W-tX. H∂v Dds° Ic-bWw F∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]t£

c≠v Ccp-ºp-Im-ep-I-fm¬ _‘n® Fs‚ i_vZw Fhn-sS-\n∂v ]pdØv hcm≥. Rm≥ AXv kln-®p-In-S-∂p. ]mhw

Ipń-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-t°ms´ F∂p hnNm-cn-®p.

Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlw apgp-h≥ Fs¥m-s°tbm FgpXn.Hcp Znhkw Ahsc ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Bƒ h∂v Ahsc NoØ

]d™p. F¥n\m Ahsc Aßs\ ]d-™Xv Bthm?Rm≥ H∂pw ]d-™n-√-t√m. ]mhw Ipń-Iƒ. Ah¿ hnj-

an®p ImWpw.

]s£ Cßs\ Nn¥n®p InS∂ Fs‚ ta¬ Hm¿°m-

]p-dØmWv AXp kw`-hn-®-Xv. AXm Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlwhen-°p-∂p. hen®p s]mń-°p-∂p. Cuiz-cm...-Fs‚ tZl-am-

k-Iew Ah¿ hen®v s]mń-°p-I-bm-Wv. s]s´∂v Ah¿Fs∂ Ccpºp Imep-I-fn¬ \n∂v hnap-‡-\m°n. ]s£ AXv

C√msX F\n-°n\n \ne-\n¬∏n-√t√m. Rm≥ AXm Hcphenb i_vZ-tØmsS Xmsg hoWp. Fs‚ tZl-Øn¬ \n∂v

tNmc s]mSn-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F√m-hcpw B i_vZw tI´vHmSn-°qSn. ]s£ Bcpw Fs‚ B Ah-ÿsb i≤n-°p-

∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F\n°v AhnsS InS∂v H∂v Ic-bp-hm≥tXm∂n. ]t£ AXn-\p-t]mepw ]‰mØ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-

cp∂p Rm≥.

C\n F\n°p ]Icw Ah¿ thsdmcp km[\w CcnºpImen¬ hbv°m≥ t]mhp-I-bm-W-tX. Fs‚ kvYm\w C\n

Fhn-sS-bmtWm Bthm. C\n Hcn-°epw F\n-s°s‚ Ipń-I-fpsS Ie-]ne i_vZw tIƒ°m≥ ]‰n-t√? Fs‚ a\- ns‚

tXß¬ Bcpw tIń-√. Ah¿ Fs∂ Ftßmt´m sIm≠p-t]m-bn.

Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ Hcp Ccp´p apdn-bpsS aqe-bn¬ BWvCcn-°p-∂-Xv. ChnsS \nd®v s]mSn-bmWv. shfn-®hpw Im‰pw

Xosc C√. Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ ]`m-X-ßƒ°v Xosc \nd-an√BsI-IqSn Fs∂-t∏mse InS-°p∂ Iptd cq]-ß-fpsS tXß-

ep-Iƒ amXw. Aßs\ Rm≥ H‰bv°v, Hcp aqe-bn¬,Aßs\, Aß-s\.....

Nne-t∏mƒ tXm∂pw B Xpem-h¿j ag-bn¬ s]mń-

ap-f-bv°msX Ccp-∂n-cp-s∂-¶n¬.....

134

Fßpw Ccp-ńs‚ a¥-[z-\n, cmXn-bpsS Imsem® \ni-_vZ-X-bn¬ Ah≥ tI´p. B \ni-_vZX Ahs\ `b-s∏-SpØn. AXv Ah-\n¬ \n∂v Dd-°sØ t]mepw ]ngp-sX-Sp-Øp. Ahs‚ D≈n¬ Bbn-c-am-bncw tNmZy-ßƒ Ipan™pIqSn. F¥n-\mWv Xm≥ `b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂v Ah≥ ]e-X-hW Xt∂m-Sp-Xs∂ tNmZn-®p....-]s£ DØcw \¬Im≥a\ v hnk-ΩXn°p∂Xp t]mse. ASp-Ø-Zn-hkw Xs∂kw_-‘n-s®-Sp-tØmfw Hcp Ahn-kva-c-Wob Znh-k-am-sW-∂-dnbmw. Cu ZnhkØn\mbv FX sImXn-®n-cn-°p∂p.F∂n v Ct∏mƒ F¥mWv ]‰n-bXv F∂v Ah\vv a\- n-em-bn-√. \mfsØ HutZym-KnI Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-sb-∏‰n Btem-Nn®vAh≥ Hcp hn[w t\cw shfp-∏n-®p.

kqcys‚ BZysØ IncWw qan-bn¬ ]Xn-®-t∏mƒ kam¿DW¿∂p. kt¥m-jhpw DXvI-WvTbpw IqSn-I-e¿∂v Ah\vka\ne sX‰ptam F∂v tXm∂n. Ah≥ H∂p IqSn d-thm-bpsS Xpeyw-Nm¿Ø-tem-Sp-Iq-Snb B £W-]Xw FSpØphmbn®p t\m°n. X\n°v In´m≥ t]mIp∂ _lp-a-XnsbIpdn®v Btem-Nn-®p. XpS¿∂v ^d-thmsb I≠m¬ X\n°vka¿∏n-°m-\p≈ kΩm\w `Z-ambn FSpØp, F∂n´vAXns‚ `wKn Bkz-Zn-®p. Ah≥ Xs∂ D≠m-°nb in¬]-am-sW∂pw, CXp t]msem∂v D≠m-°m≥ km[m-cW Hcpin¬]n°pw km[n-°n√ F∂Xpw Hm¿Øv Ah≥ A¬]wAl-¶-cn-®p. Ahs‚ \oe \nd-ap≈ IÆp-Iƒ kt¥m-j-Øm¬ hPw t]mse Xnf-ßn.

FX \S-∂n´pw Xm≥ F¥mWv FØm-ØXv F∂v kam¿Btem-Nn-®p. hgn-Iƒs°√mw \ofw IqSn-b-t]mse kz]v\wI≠p \S-∂n-cp∂ kam¿ sRń DW¿∂Xv Hcp Ic-®n¬ tI´m-Wv. Hcp ]nc-anUv ]Wn-bpsS ta¬ t\m´-°m-c≥ Xs‚ ASn-asb Ft¥m -sX-‰n\v in£n-®-t∏mƒ ASna Ic-™-XmWvkam¿ tI´-Xv. At∏m-gmWv kam-dn\v ÿe-Ime t_m[wD≠m-bXv. At∏m-gmWv Abmƒ°p a\- n-em-bXv Xm≥ ]nc-anUv ]Wn-bpsS ASpØp amXta FØn-bn-´p≈qsh∂pwC\nbpw sIm´m-cØnte°v Gsd Zqc-ap-s≠∂pw. C\nbpwX\n°v \S-°-W-at√m F∂m-tem-Nn®v kam¿ \SØØns‚thKX Iqń.

sIm´mc Ihm-S-Øn¬ [mcmfw Bfp-Iƒ XSn®p IqSn-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-sc√mw ^d-thm-bpsS s]mXp ]cn-]m-Sn--°mbnFØn-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ Ahn-sS-sbØn A¬]-k-abØn\p-≈n¬ Imlf\mZw Db¿∂p. kpc£m S≥amcm¬]cn-tk-hn-X-\mbn ^dthm FØn. At±lw knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ Bcq-V-\m-b-Xns\ XpS¿∂v A∂sØ ]cn-]mSn Bcw-`n-°p-I-bm-bn.

"in¬]n kam¿', Xs‚ t]cv hnfn-®Xp tI´v Xs‚ Dug-sa-Øn-b-Xmbn kam-dn\p a\- n-em-bn. kam¿ Xs‚ in¬]-hp-ambn ^d-thm-bpsS ka£w FØn. B in¬]w ^d-thm-bpsS ]mZ-Øn¬ ka¿∏n-®p. B in¬∏-Øns‚ kuµ-cy-Øn¬^dthm aXn-a-d-∂p-t]m-bn. AXns‚ Ic-hn-cpXv AX-ta¬A\p-]-a-am-bn-cp-∂p. ^d-thm, kam-dns\ Xs‚ Acn-In¬hnfn®v Xs‚ Iøn¬ InS∂ kph¿Æ tamXn-c-aqcn kam-dns‚hnc-en¬ AWn-bn®v Ahs\ BZ-cn-®p. XpS¿∂v At±lwkam-dns\ Xs‚ Bÿm\ in¬]n-bmbn hmgn-®p.

^d-thm-bpsS Bÿm\ in¬]nbpw ASpØ kplrØpwD]-tZ-i-I-\p-ambn kam¿ AXn-thKw hf¿∂p.-^-dthm Xs‚]nc-an-Uns\ tamSn-]n-Sn-∏n°p∂-Xns‚ Npa-Xe kam-dns\G¬∏n-®p. kam¿ Xs‚ Iem-hn-cpXv AXnepw ]I-S-am-°n.

Hcp d-thm-bpsS ]i-kvXn-h¿≤n-°p-∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚]nc-an-Un¬ IqSn-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Xs‚ ]nc-an-Uv as‰√m ]nc-an-Up-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kpµ-chpw hyXy-kvXhpw Bbn-cn-°WwF∂v ^dthm°v \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\mbn A-t±lwtemI-Øn¬ In´p∂ F√m kpµ-c-h-kvXp-°fpw tiJ-cn®pAt±lw Xs‚ ]nc-anUv IqSp-X¬ tamSn ]nSn-∏n-®p.

^dthm \ncym-X-\mbn. At±-l-Øns‚ arX-tZlwkwkvI-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ mK-ambn AXv aΩn-bm-°n. ap∏Xp Znh-ksØ ]m¿∞-\m-b-⁄-Øn-\p-tijw aΩnsb ]nc-an-Un¬AS°w sNøm-\mbn ]nc-an-Un\p apºn¬ hfsc henb HcpktΩ-f\w Bcw-`n-®p, ]m¿∞\I-ƒ°p tijw ][m\Im¿Ωn-I≥ acn® ^d-thm-bpsS acW]Xw hmbn-®p. BacW ]Xw Cß-s\-bmWv Ah-km-\n-®-Xv.... k-am¿ Fs‚]nb kplrØmWv. At±-l-Øns‚ kmao]yw \mw hfscCjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. B kmao]yw Fs‚ ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-Ønepw F\n°v Bh-iy-amW.v'' Cu hm°p-Iƒ tI´ kam¿kvX_v[-\m-bn. C\nbpw Xm≥ d-thm°v H∏w Xs∂. AXm-bXv ac-W-Øn¬ d-thmsb A\p-K-an-°p-I. AXmWv Xs‚hn[n....

]nc-an-Uns‚ henb hmXn-ep-Iƒ henb I√pIfpw hP]ibpw h®v AS-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]pdØv P\w kam-dns‚ "`mKy-Øn¬' Bi-vN-cy-∏-Sp-Ibpw Abmƒ°v Pbv hnfn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. kam¿ CsXm∂pw Adn-™n-√. Abmƒshfn-®-Øn-te°v B¿Øn-tbmsS t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. C\nHcp sNdnb IncWw amXw _m°n. AXn-eqsS kqcy≥ AI-tØ°v FØn t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. Xma-kn-bmsX kqcys‚IÆp-Ifpw I√v XS-™p. kamdpw ^d-thmbpw X\n-®mbn.C\n F¥v?? kam¿ kzbw tNmZn-®p. ^d-thm-bpsS Dd-°-Øn\v Imh-en-cn-°p-I...... At±-lsØ DW¿ØmsX ......-kzbwDd-ßp-∂Xp hsc....

DEEPA JOYS3 CS

135

""]q thW-am..... -]q....,-\√ sNØn-∏q, ap√-∏q....'' tK‰n-\-cn-In¬ B Zo\i_vZw tIń-´mWv cho-µ≥ \mb¿ ]mXn ab-°-Øn¬\n∂p-W¿∂-Xv.sk‰n-bn¬ \n∂v Bbm-k-s∏´v Fgp-t∂‰v sN∂v t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ \o≠v saen™v, c≠v ssII-fnepw \ndsb Ip∏n-h-f-I-f-Wn-™v, apSn \ndsb sh≈bpwa™bpw ]q°ƒ sh®-e-¶-cn-®v, aq°p-Øn-b-Wn™v, Icn-ajn]pc-≠, Ipgn™ IÆp-I-fp-ambn Hcp s]Ïp-ń.

\ndw aßn, tim` h‰nb Hcp t\¿Ø tNe-bp-Sp-Øm-W-hƒ \n∂n-cp-∂Xv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂-dn-bn-√, Hcp t\¿Øs\mºcw Ah-fn¬ Xßn-\n¬°p-∂-Xmbn Abmƒ°ptXm∂n. apJØv IrXn-a-amb Hcp aµ-lmkw hcp-Øn-sIm≠vAhƒ tNmZn-®p,""]q thW-am, km¿, \√ sNØn-∏q, ap√-∏q....'', F¥p sImt≠m Hcp adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ Abm-fpsS\mh-\-ßn-bn√. Ah-fpsS B \n›-e-Zriyw Abm-fn¬ Hm¿Ω-bpsS, `qX-°m-e-Øns‚ Bbncw NnXßƒ hncn-bn-®p. Bambm aco-Nn-I-bn¬ \n∂v Xncn-sI-sb-Øn-b-t∏mƒ tK‰n-\-cn-In¬ Ahƒ \n∂-bnSw iq\y-am-sW∂v Abmƒ a\- n-em-°n.

sk‰n-bn¬ sN∂n-cp∂v Abmƒ Fs¥m-s°tbm Btem-N-\-I-fn¬ apgp-In. B Znhmkz]v\-Øns‚ A¥y-Øn¬Abmƒ Hcp Dd-°-Øn-te°v hgpXn hoWp.""-c-hn-tb-´m,....hmXn¬ Xpd-°q.....'', cho-µ≥ \mb¿ sN∂v hmXn¬ Xpd-∂p. kc-kzXn AI-tØ°v Ibdn h∂p. kc-kzXn cho-µ≥\mb-cpsS kl-[¿Ωn-Wn-bm-Wv. Abm-fpsS F√m t\´-ß-fnepw tIm´-ß-fnepw ZpxJØnepw kt¥m-j-Ønepw F√mwHcp km¥z\hpw ]¶m-fn-bp-am-W-hƒ. Abm-fpsS BKlwt]mse Xs∂ Hcp s]¨-Ip-™ns\ ]k-hn-®-hƒ.

""chn-tb´m, tamfp hnfn-®n-cp-∂p, Ahfpw cmPqw ASpØamkw \mń-te-°v≠v-tX.....-Rm≥ ]d™p \∂m-bo-∂v. Iptým-sfms° FX \mfm∂v h®m ]ncn-™n-cn-Iym.... C]m-hiyw

H∂p c≠p amkw Ignt™ Ahtf Rm≥ hnSq. Fs‚Nn∂qs\ H∂v t\sc sNms∆ I≠n´p IqSoey Rm≥, Ah-fns∏m hep-Xm-bn-´p-≠mhpw, At√ chn-tb-´m......''

""Duw'' Abmƒ aqfn.

""AhƒsS IØp-Iƒ h®v t\m°nbm X\n apØ-—s‚kzcq]m Nn∂q-\v.'' ""At∏m Fs‚ tamfp Hcp kpµ-cn-°p-ń-bmIpw, AXn¬ kwi-b-eym...'' Abmƒ Ifn-bmbn ]d-™p.

]nt‰∂v kc-kzXn tPmen°v t]mb tijw, cho-µ≥\mb¿ ]X-ß-fn-eqsS ItÆmSn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-km\sØ t]Pn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p≈ hm¿Ø I≠v AbmƒsRń, ""tamjW ia-Øn-\nsS Xangv kvXoIƒ Ad-Ãn¬''B NnX-Øn-en-≈-h-cn¬ Hcmƒ Ah-fm-bn-cp-∂p, Abmsf]q¿∆ Ime-Øns‚ amkva-cnI Nn¥bnte°v sIm≠p t]mb,B Ip∏n-h-f-I-fn´ s]Ïpń Xs∂.

F¥p-sImt≠m Abmƒ thZ-\n®p t]mbn. Xte-∂sØB Zo\ cq]w Abmƒ°v Hm¿Ω h∂p, ""hni∏v kln°msX-bmhpw Ahƒ...'' Abmƒ Xs∂-Xs∂ Biz-kn-∏n-°m≥\s∂ hnj-an-®p.

C\n Ahfpw "ImP-en's\t∏mse... th≠, IqSp-X¬ImSp Ib-d≠. Abmƒ Xs∂-Xs∂ \nb-¥n-°m≥ ian®p.]s£ a\- v, AXv ISn-™m-Wn-√mØ IpXn-c-sb-t∏m-se-bm-Wv, Ftßm-s´-∂n-√msX ]mbpw AXv.

cho-µ≥ \mb-¿°pw Xs‚ a\- ns\ ]nSn®p \n¿Øm-\m-bn-√. Gsd Ime-Øn\p tijw Abmƒ A∂-h-tf-°p-dn-t®m¿Øp. "ImP¬'-˛-Np-cn-°n-∏-d-™m¬, t_mws_-bnseAt\-Im-bncw tNcn-I-fnsem∂n¬ Pohn-°p∂ Hcp \mS≥s]Ïp-ń. ]s£ "chn' F∂ cho-µ≥ \mb-cn¬ AhƒHcp Ae-bmbn C∂pw B™-Sn-°p-∂p.

chn A∂v t_mws_-bn¬ Hcp ]apJ am¿°-‰nßv Iº-\n-bn¬ P\-d¬ amt\-P-cmbn tPmen t\m°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.h¿jw 1978, ]mbw Ccp-]-Øn-b-©n-\SpØv, ASn-b-¥n-cm-hÿXI¿sØ-dn™ t_mws_-bpsS apJw ho≠pw H∂p ]p©n-cn-®p hcp∂-tX-bp-≈q. as‰√m ÿe-ßsft∏msebpw, As√-¶n¬ AXn¬°q-Sp-X-embn AI-a--ßfpw ]oU-\-ßfpw _emXv-kw-K-ß-fp-sa√mw B alm-\-K-csØ Hcp- a-lm-\-c-I-am°nam‰n. \mSns‚ DW-¿∆mtI≠ ]e sNdp-∏-°mcpw aZy-Ønt‚bpw I©m-hn-t‚bpw el-cn-bn¬ ASn-a-s∏´v IqØmSn\S∂p. P\m-[n-]Xyhpw \nbakwln-Xbpsa√mw shdpwt\m°p-Ip-Øn-I-fmbn \ne-sIm-≠p.

cho-µ\pw Cu ]d™ Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ap‡-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. aZyhpw Oc- p-sa√mw Abm-fpsS Zu¿_-ey-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. bmsXmcp \nb-¥-Whpw _m[y-X-I-fp-an-√mØPohnXw aZn®p \S-°p∂ H‰-bms‚ `mhhpw cq]hpw Bbn-cp∂p A∂-bmƒ°v.

SRINATHS5 CE

136

Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcm-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn-te°v kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw ]W-b-Øns‚bpw ]pXp tX≥Xp≈n-Iƒ Xfn®psIm≠m-W-hƒ h∂-Xv ""Im-P¬''.

Xms\ sdbn¬sh tÃj-\n¬ kplrØv tKm]n-\mYns\kzoI-cn-°m≥ t]mIp∂ hgn-bn¬ sdbn¬th tÃj\p ]n∂n-em-bp≈ tNcnbpsS ap≥h-isØ Xpd- mb ssaXm-\Øpsh®mWv Abmƒ Ahsf BZy-ambn I≠-Xv.

ss]∏n-\-Sn-bn¬ sh≈w \nd-bv°p∂ _°‰v hbv°m≥a‰p admØn s]Æp-ß-fp-ambn tImem-leap≠m-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Ahƒ. Xm≥ Ahsf i≤n-°p-∂p-s≠-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒAhƒ H∂v im¥-bm-bn. CS-°-Æn v H∂p t\m°n X¬£WwXs∂ t\m´w ]n≥h-en-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Ah-fpsS tNe-bnepw Ahƒ Ccp ssIønepw [cn-®n-cp∂ ]e \nd-Øn-ep≈ Ip∏n-h-f-I-fnepw, aq°n-en- n- p≈ aq°p-Øn-bn-ep-sa√mw Abmƒ Hcp ]pXp kuµcyw Is≠-Øn.I¨ \ndsb Icn-a-jnbpw tX®v.""-X\n Hcp \mS≥ s]Æm-W-hƒ'', Abmƒ a\- n¬ ]d-™p.-tKm]n hs∂-¶nepw Ah-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥-I-fn¬ apgpIn Abmƒ ]e-t∏mgpw kz]v\temI-Ø-e™v \S-∂p. ""Iym lphm `mbo,? Ipd®v Znh-k-ambn Hcp kz]v\w ImW-ev, F¥v ]‰n Ip´m............'' tKm]nIfn-bm-°n.

""H∂p-an-s√-tS....'' Abmƒ Hgn™p amdn.

F¶nepw ]gb t]mse IqØmSn \S-°epw e°p sI´vDd-ßepw F√mw Abmƒ Dt]-£n-®p. Pohn-X-Øn\v Hcpe£yhpw A¿∞-hp-sa√mw h∂Xp t]mse Abmƒ°vtXm-∂n.

Hc-h[n Znhkw shdpsX apdn-bpsS ap∂n¬ ]pd-tØ°vIÆpw \´v Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Abmƒ. At∏mƒ XmsgKen-bn-eqsS Ahƒ \S∂p \oßp-∂p. Abmƒ HmSn s]s´∂pXs∂ Xmtg-s°Øn. ]s£ Ahsf ImWm≥ Ign-™n-√.Ch-fnXv CX s]s´∂v Ftßm´v t]mbn F∂pw Nn¥n®v\ncm-i-tbmsS XncnsI \S-°m-≥ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ ap∂n¬AXm Ahƒ. Abmsf Ku\n-°msX Ahƒ \S∂p \oßn.]n∂mse sN∂v Abmƒ Ah-tfmSv ""Iym \mw sl Xpam-cm.......?'' F∂p tNmZn-®p.

sX√v A\n-jvS-tØmsS Abmsf t\m°n-bn´v Ahƒ\S∂p \oßn. ""s]Æn\v AX Al-¶m-c-tam,'' Abmƒ hnNm-cn-®p. H‰-tbm-´-Øn\v Ah-fpsS ap∂n-seØn Abmƒ, F∂n´vho≠pw tNmZyw Bh¿Øn-®p, ""Iym \mw sl.........?'' CØ-hW Ahƒ tXm¬hn kΩ-Xn®p. Np‰pw H∂v ItÆm-Sn®vBcpw Xßsf i≤n-°p-∂n-s√∂v a\ nem°n Ahƒ]d™p, ""ImP¬, -Hu¿ Ip®v Pm\v\m sl...? ]qt®m \m......''Ahƒ tZjy-tØmsS tNmZn®p. F¶nepw Abmƒ H∂pw]d-™n-√. Nhn-ń-°p-ep°n sIm≠v Ahƒ \S∂p \oßp-tºmƒ Ah-fpsS ssII-fn¬ \nd™p InS-°p∂ Ip∏n-h-f-Iƒ XΩn¬ Ie-ln®v _l-f-ap-≠m-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

"ImP¬', Abm-fpsS lrZbhpw a\- p-sa√mw ho≠pwho≠pw B t]cv G‰p-hm-ßn.

]n∂oSv Ahsf ImWm-\p≈ hgn-Iƒ Abmƒ Xs∂Is≠-Øn. Ahƒ t]mIp∂ hgn-Ifpw Ken-I-fp-sa√mw Abmƒa\- n-em°n. ]Xps°∏Xps° Ahƒ Abmsf t\m°n]p©n-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. B ka-bØv Hcm-bncw \£-X-ßƒB apJØv hncn-bp-∂Xv Abmƒ I≠p.

ItaW Ahƒ Abm-tfmSv kwkm-cn-°m\pw XpS-ßn.Ah-fpsS IpSpw_tØ°p-dn-®p≈ Imcy-ß-sf√mw Abmƒ

tNmZn-®-dn™p. A—≥ Hcp Iº-\n-bn¬ sXmgn-em-fn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ bmsXmcp ]Wn-bp-an√. GXp ka-bhpw I≈p-Ip-Sn®v e°v sI´v \S-°p-I-bmWv. AXv ]d-bp-tºmƒ AhƒIc-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AΩ IjvS-s∏ v In´p∂ Imip-sIm-≠mWvAh¿ Pohn-°p-∂Xv. Ah-fpsS IY tI´-t∏mƒ Abmƒ°vAh-tfmSv IqSp-X¬ kvt\lw tXm∂n.

""\o t]Sn-t°≠ ImP¬, \n\-°n\n F∂pw Rm\p-≠v,\nt∂bpw \ns‚ IpSpw-_-tØbpw Rm≥ t\m°pw, \o Ft‚-Xm-Wv, Ft‚Xp amXw.....'' Abm-fpsS a\ v a¥n-®p.

]n∂oSv ]e XhW Ah¿ XΩn¬ Is≠-¶nepw Xs‚BKlw ]I-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Hcn-°epw Abmƒ°v Ign-™n-√.Ahƒ ASp-sØ-Øp-tºmƒ GtXm Hcp amkva-cnI he-b-Øn¬s∏´Xp t]mse Abmƒ°p tXm∂n.

""Fs‚ chn, Xm\m sIm®n-t\mSv Imcy-ßfv Fß-s\-¶nepw H∂v ]d, As√-¶n-e-hfv h√-h-cptSw IqsS-t]m-t∆......''

tKm]n Abmsf Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øn.

]nt‰∂v Xs∂ F√mw Ah-tfmSv ]d-bm-sa∂v cho-µ≥tKm]n°v Dd∏v sImSp-Øp.

F∂m¬ cho-µ≥ ]nt‰∂v Ahsf I≠n-√. ]n∂o-sSm-cn-°epw I≠n-√. Abmƒ Ahsf At\z-jn®v t_mws_alm-\-Kcw apgp-h≥ Np‰n \S-∂p. F¶nepw ImP-ens\ Is≠-Øm-\m-bn√. ImP-ens‚ hoń¬ sN∂ chn°v AhnsS \n∂vhy‡-am-sbmcp hnhcw Inń-bn-√. ImP-ens‚ AΩ acn®pt]mbtX. AXn-\p-tijw B hońse Btcbpw B `mK-Øp-≈-h¿ I≠n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

cho-µ≥ BsI XI¿∂p. tPmen-bn¬ Abmƒ°vXm¬]-cy-an-√m-Xm-bn. Pohn-X-am-Ip∂ Cu \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂vc£-t\-Sm≥ Abmƒ sImXn-®p. BZy-ambn Abmƒ°vXt∂mSv Xs∂ shdp∏p tXm∂n. ""Hcp s]Æn-t\m-Sp≈ CjvSwt]mepw Xpd∂p ]d-bm≥ Ign-bmØ hnUvVn'', Abmƒ kzbwhne-]n-®p.

cho-µs‚ PohnXw ho≠pw aZy-Øn-s‚bpw I©m-hn-s‚bpw el-cn-bn¬ ]Xn-™p. F√mw ad-°m≥ th≠nAbmƒ el-cn-bn¬ BdmSn \S-∂p. Abm-fpsS D≈n-se-cn-bp∂ I\-ens‚ NqSv Bcpw Adn-™n-√.

Aßs\ Hcp \mƒ cmXn aZy-]n®v Abmƒ Ahn-SpsØtNcnbnse Hcp Ip]-kn≤ thiym-e-b-Øn-te°v sN∂p. H∏wtKm]n-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. thWtam th≠tbm F∂v i¶n®p\n∂ chnsb tKm]n Hcp apdn-bn-te°v ]nSn®p X≈n ]pdØv\n∂v IX-I-S-®p.

Hcp s]Ïpń AhnsS ]pdw Xncn-™n-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂pXs∂ ]m]n-°m≥ hcp-∂-h-t\bpw ImØv. Abmƒ Ah-fpsSASpØv sN∂v Ahsf X\n-°- n-ap-J-ambn \n¿Øn. B £W-Øn¬ Abmƒ tjmt°‰Xp t]mse Xcn®p \n∂p. AX-h-fm-bn-cp-∂p ˛ "ImP¬'.

Ip∏n-h-f-°n-ep-°hpw ]mZ-k-c-hp-a-Wn™v Xs∂ tamln-∏n® AtX s]Æv. ]s£ Ah-fpsS IÆp-I-fn¬ ]gb Bamkva-cn-I-X-bn-√. ]Icw Hcp Xcw ac-hn∏v amXw. AhƒAbmsf t\m°n thZ-\-tbmsS aµ-l-kn-®p. Abmƒ A]-am-\n-X-s\-t∏mse \n∂p \odn-∏p-I-™p.

Abm-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ Hcm-bncw Ip∏nh-f-Iƒ Nn∂n-®n-X-dn.

137

I¿°n-SIØnse Hcp i]n-°-s∏´ sh≈n-bmgvN. tImcn-s®m-cn-bp∂

ag. CS-bv°n-S-bv°p≈ CSn-an-∂¬ cmXn-bpsS ImTn-\ysØ h¿≤n∏n®p

-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. B AΩ-bpsS a\- nepw P\m-ebv°p shfn-bn-te-Xp-t]mse

CSn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb s]cp-a-g-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn-°epw tXmcmØ ag, ]Xo-£bv°p

bmsXm-cp-h-Ibpw C√m-Xn-cp-∂n´pw B AΩ tIWp ]m¿∞n-®p. Cuizcm,

Fs‚ Ip™n-s\m∂pw hcp-Øt√. \n -lm-b-bmb B AΩ-bv°v AX-

bt√ ]‰q. Ah-cpsS a\- n¬ ZpxJw Xfw sIń-\n-∂p. FX `b-¶-c-amb

Iqc-X-bmWv hn[n Xt∂mSv ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. X\n°v G‰hpw ]nb-s∏´

Xs‚ Ip™v.... Xs‚ Poh\pw amwk-hp-amb Xs‚ Ip™v... Ahƒ°v

kln-®n-√. Ah-cpsS sXm´-cp-In-embn tkXp-am-[-h≥, B kvXobpsS

`¿Ømhv \n¿∆n-Im-c-\mbn Ccn-°p-∂p. B BLmXw At±-l-Øn\p Xmßm-

hp-∂-Xn-ep-ta-sd-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp tUmIvS¿ IqSn-bmb tkXp-hns‚ tPyjvT≥

cma-\m-Y≥ AXym-ln-X-hn- m-K-Øn\v AIØpw ]pd-Øp-ambn sh]m-f-s∏´p

\S-°p-∂p. Bip-]-Xn°p ]pdØv Xnan¿Øp s]øp∂ ag-bn¬ IÆp-\o-

tcmsS ]m¿∞n-°p∂ Hcp Iq´w tNcn-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ, Ah¿°v hf-sc-tbsd

]nb-s∏- -h-\mWv AIØv Poh-\p-th≠n ]nS-bp-∂-Xv. ]s£ Ah-sc-t∏mse

Xs∂ ssZh-Øn\pw Ah≥ ]nb-s∏- -h-\m-sW∂v Ah¿ ad-∂p-t]m-tbm.......

tkXp-am-[-h≥ Hcp km[m-cW IpSpw-_-Øn¬ P\n-®p-h-f¿∂ Hcp

am\y≥. At±-l-Øns‚ ]bXv\w sIm≠pw amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS ]m¿∞-\-

sIm≠pw At±lw Hcp sF.-F.-Fkv Hmô-k-dmbn. AXn-\p-ti-j-amWv

At±lw A\m-Ym-e-b-Øn¬ hf¿∂ Kucnsb ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ah-fpsS

imeo-\-Xbpw \njvI-f-¶-Xbpw tkXp-hns\ h√msX BI¿jn-®p. amXm-

]n-Xm-°-fpsS kΩ-X-tØmsS Xs∂ Ah¿ H∂m-bn. Aßs\ kt¥m-j-

tØmsS Ah¿ Hcp IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-am-cw-`n-®p. tkXp-hn\v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-

tØ°v ÿew-am‰w Inń. HutZym-KnI hkXn ths≠-∂p-sh®v Ah¿ ]pXn-

sbmcp hoSp-hmßn. tkXp-hns‚ hoSv Dƒs∏sS c≠p-aq∂v henb hoSp-

Iƒ Ign-™m¬ ]n∂-hn-Sp-≈Xv apgp-h\pw IpSn-ep-Ifpw sjÕp-I-fp-am-Wv.

F¥n-\n-ß-s\mcp ÿew sXc-s™-SpØp F∂p tNmZn-®m¬ X\n-°p-≠m-

hp∂ Ip™v ]mh-s∏-´-h-tcbpw I≠dn™v hf-cs´ F∂v tkXp ]d-bpw.

PohnXw kt¥m-j-tØmsS apt∂m-´p-t]m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmgpw

Kucn°v Hcp k¶-S-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnhmlw Ign™v \mev h¿jw Ign-

™n´pw Ah¿°v Hcp Ip™p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ D≈nse hnjaw ad-

®p-sh®v tkXp Ahsf Biz-kn-∏n-°pw. F√m-‰n\pw Hcp ka-b-ap-≠v. ka-

b-am-hp-tºmƒ F√mw icn-bm-bn-s°m-≈pw. Aßs\ Ah-cpsS ImØn-cn∏v

F´p-h¿jw hsc \o≠p. Kucn Xs‚ PohnXw ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ°pw

hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ°p-ambn \o°n-sh-®p. tkXp-hns‚

tPyjvT≥ cma-\m-Ys‚ D]-tZ-i-]-Imcw ]e

tUmIvS¿am-scbpw I≠p. HSp-hn¬ Cuiz-c≥

Ah-cpsS ]m¿∞\ tI´p. Ah¿s°m-cmÏp-

™p-≠m-bn. AsXm-cm-tLm-j-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu

Imew-sIm≠v tkXphpw Kucnbpw tNcn-°m-cp-

tSbpw ]nb-s∏- -h-cmbn amdn-bn-cp-∂p. t]c-°pń

P\n-®-X-dn™v tkXp-hns‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw

Ah-tcm -sSm∏w Xma -kn -°p -hm -s\ -Øn.

Ip™ns\ hnfn-°m-\mbn Kucn Is≠-Ønb

t]cp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p tkXp-hns‚ amXm-]n-Xm-

°ƒ I≠p-sh-®n-cp-∂-Xpw. DZ-b-kq-cys‚ apJ-

am-bn-cp∂ Ahs\ Ah¿ "BZn-Xy≥' F∂p hnfn-

®p. Ah-sc-√m-hcpw Hcp-t]mse Ahs\ "BZn'

F∂p sN√-t∏cn-´p. sNdp-∏-Øn-t‚-Xmb F√m

Ipdp-ºp-Ifpw Imń Ah≥ hf¿∂p. tNcn-bnse

Ipń-I-fp-ambn Iq´p-Iq-Sn. tNcn-\n-hm-kn-I-fp-tSbpw

]nb-s∏-´-h-\mb amdn-°-gn-™n-cp∂p Ah≥.

BZn-bpsS GXp Ipkr-Xn-Ø-c-Øn\pw Iq´v B

tNcn-\n-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS A\p-hm-

Z-an-√msX Kucn°v BZnsb iIm-cn-°m-\p≈

Ah-Imiw t]mep-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp If-IvS¿

Bbn \n∂p-sIm≠v B tNcn-°p-th≠n sNøm-

hp∂ F√mw tkXp sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. B

\µnbpw IS-∏mSpw Hcn-°epw Ah¿ ad-∂n-√.

Ah¿°v Hcp Bi-b-am-bn-cp∂p tkXp-hns‚

IpSpw_w. Kucn°pw Ahsc as‰m-cp-X-c-

Øn¬ ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

"tNcn-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ' F∂ th¿Xn-cnhv Hcn-

°epw Ah¿°v tkXp-hns‚ hoń¬\n∂pw

D≠m-bn-ń-√. BZn-bm-sW-¶n¬ tNcn-bnse

tN´≥am-cp-tSbpw tN®n-am-cp-tSbpw IÆn-ep-

Æn-bm-Wv.

BZn°v sNdp∏w apXte Hmtcm CjvS-

ßfpw A\n-jvS-ßfpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \∂mbn

NnX-ßƒ hc-bv°p∂ BZn°v G‰hpw ]nb-

s∏´ \ndw Nph-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. Nph∂ ]q°sf

Ah≥ Gsd kvt\ln-®p. tdmkm-]q-°ƒ

Ahs‚ Poh-\m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂

Ah\v ]nb-s∏-´-h-bm-bn-cp∂p Kp¬tam-l¿

JINCY P. MANUELS1S2 AE

138

]q°-fpw. AXns‚ Nph∂ CXƒ \J-Øn-sem-ń®v Iq´p-Imsc t]Sn-

∏n-°m≥ Ah-t\sd CjvS-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Ahs‚ \n¿_-‘-

]-Imcw Ah-cpsS ho´p-ap‰w sNSn-I-fm¬ \nd-™p. ]t£ Hcp

]qt]mepw Bcpw sXmSm≥ (t]m-epw) ]mSn-√. AX-h\v \n¿_-‘-am-

bn-cp-∂p. F∂pw cmhnse Ah≥ ap‰-Øp-t]mbn F√m ]q°-tfmSpw

kwkm-cn-°pw, hg-°nSpw, F∂mepw ]q ]dn-°m-dn-√. AX-amXw

Ah≥ Ahsb kvt\ln-®n-cp-∂p. ]q°-tfm-Sp≈ Ahs‚ Bthiw

hoń-ep-≈-h¿ Bkz-Zn-®n-cp-∂p. ]q°-tfm-Sp≈ t]mse-Xs∂ apØ-»n-

tbmSpw Ah\v hfsc CjvS-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apØ-»n-bpsS aSn-bn¬

Xe-NmbvNv IY tI´p-d-ßm≥ Ah≥ \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p. Ahs‚

A\n-jvS-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw ][m\w `£-W-ambncp∂p. AXv AΩ

\n¿_-‘n®v hmcn-s°m-Sp-Ømse Ah≥ Ign-°q.

A∂v B i]n-°-s∏´ Znh-khpw AXp-X-s∂-bmWv kw`-hn-®-

Xv. AΩ `£Ww FSp-°p-∂-Xp-I≠v BZn Iq´p-Im-tcbpwsIm≠v

sSd- n\p apI-fn¬ Hfn-°p-hm≥ t]mbn. apØ»n AXp I≠p-an-√.

Aßs\ apI-fn-en-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv \ndsb ]q°-fp-ambn Xs∂ t\m°n

Nncn-°p∂ Kp¬tam-l¿sImºv BZn I≠-Xv. AXv sSd- n\p apI-fn-

te°v FØn-\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. BZn AXv ]dn-°p-hm-\mbn ssIIƒ

\oń. ]t£ Inń-bn-√. Ah≥ ]Xnsb sSd- n\p Np‰p-ap≈ sIń\p

apI-fn¬ Ib-dn. ]qhm-sW-¶n¬ Inń Inń-bn√ F∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-emWv

\n¬°p-∂-Xv. a‰v Ipń-Iƒ Ah\v Bthiw sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cp-

∂p. _lfw tI´v apØ»n ap‰-tØ°v Cd-ßm≥ XpS-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. s]s´∂v Hcp sIm®p Im‰p-ho-in. BZn sXmSm≥ FØn-\n-∂n-

cp∂ sImºv ]nd-tIm´p amdn. Imep-sX-‰nb BZn \nb-¥-W-an-√msX

Xmtgm´p hoWp. X\n°v tNmdp-ambn ImØn-cp∂ AΩ-bpsS apºn-

te-°v. tNmc-bn¬ Ipfn®p InS-°p∂ Xs‚ Ip™n-s\-°≠v AΩ

\Sp-ßn. AΩ Ip™ns\ HmSn-s®-s∂-SpØp amtdm-S-W-®p. ]ns∂

F¥p-≠mbn F∂v Kucn-t°m¿Ω-bn-√. t_m[w hcp-tºmƒ Ahƒ

Bip-]Xn InS-°-bn-em-Wv. k‘y-bm-bn. AkvX-an-°p∂ kqcys\

t\m°n Ahƒ a\- n¬ sR´-temsS hnfn®p ""BZn.......''. IqsS-bp-

≠m-bn -cp -∂-h¿ Ahsf Biz-kn-∏n -°p-hm≥ ian -®p. ]t£

Hc-Ωsb Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ F¥p ]d-™mWv Biz-kn-∏n-°m≥

km[n-°p-I.

]pdØv Hmtcm CSn-sh- p-tºmgpw Kucn-bpsS a\ v sR -temsS

hnfn°pw, BZn...... BZn... apØ-—\pw apØ-»nbpw ]pd-Øp-\n∂v hnßn-

s∏mń ]m¿∞n-®p. ""Cuizcm Ahs‚ Poh\p ]I-c-ambn Cu c≠p

Poh-s\-Sp-tØmfq''. ]t£ kabw Gsd sshIn-bn-cp-∂p. BZn-Xy≥

Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn AkvX-an-®p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. Ah\v akvXn-jvI-a-

cWw kw`-hn®p F∂v tUm.-cm-a-\m-Y≥ sR´-temsS a\- n-em-°n.

]t£ Ahs‚ D≈n¬ Pohn®p sImXn-Xo-cmsX XpSn-°p∂ Hcp lrZ-

b-ap-≠v. Hcp tUmIvS-dpsS ZuXy-t_m[w cma-\m-Y\v At∏mƒ D≠m-

bn. a‰p tUmIvS¿amcpw cma-\m-Ys‚ A`n-]mbw icn-sh-®p. ]t£

AXn\p Kucn-bp-tSbpw tkXp-hn-s‚bpw kΩXw thWw. acWw Dd-

∏mb Hcp Ipńsb i≤n-°p-∂-Xnepw \√Xv B Ipń-bn-eqsS Pohn-X-

ap-≠m-hm≥ t]mhp∂ \mep-t]-cpsS Imcyw i≤n-°p-∂-Xn-e-t√. Aß-

s\-bt√ Hcp tUmIvS¿ Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ ]mSp-≈q. cma-\m-Y\pw a‰p

tUmIvS¿amcpw H∂n®v tkXp-hns\ Imcyw ]d™p a\- n-em-°n.

bmsXmcp ]Xn-I-c-W-hp-an-√msX tkXp Ccp-∂p. Aev]-k-a-b-Øn-

\p-tijw Imcyw Kucn-tbmSv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ tkXp ]d-™p, Ah-

tfm-SXv ]d-bm-\p-≈ Ic-fp-d∏v tkXp-hn-\p-t]m-

e p - a n - √ m - b n - c p - ∂ p .

HSp-hn¬ cma-\m-Y≥ Xs‚ mcysb Imcy-ta-ev]n-

®p. kvXoIƒ°v kvXoI-fpsS a\- -dn-bm-a-

t√m....... CSn-sh-t´-‰-Xp-t]mse Kucn Imcy-ßƒ

tI´psIm≠ncp-∂p. X\n°p h∂ Ime-t°-Sn\v

Ahƒ Btcbpw ]gn-®n√, hn[n-sb-t∏m-epw.

X\n°v Btem-Nn-°m≥ kabw thW-sa∂v

Kucn ]d-™p. tUmIvS¿am¿ cmhnse hsc

kabw sImSp-Øp. kz¥w Ip™ns‚ icocw

]e-Xmbn `mKn-°p-∂Xv GX-Ω-bmWv kln-°p-

I. ]t£ Kucn kΩ-Xn-®p. \nd-ßƒ ImWm-

\m-K-ln-°p∂ BZn-bpsS IÆp-Iƒ C\nbpw

\nd-ßƒ ImW-W-sa∂v Ahƒ BK-ln-®p.

Pohn-°m≥ sImXn-°p∂ B lrZbw C\nbpw

Pohn-°s´ F∂-hƒ tamln-®p. tUmIvS¿am¿

Ahƒ°-\p-h-Zn® ka-b-Øn\p aptº Ahƒ

Ah¿°v kΩ-Xw- sIm-Sp-Øp. ]ns∂ sshIn-

bn√, tUmIvS¿am¿ Bh-iy-°m-cmb \mev tcmKn-

Isf sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. IÆp-Iƒ, lrZ-bw,

hr°-Iƒ Hs∂m-∂mbn BZn-bn¬\n∂pw Ah-

cn-te°v amdn-s°m-≠n-cp∂p, BZn Adn-bm-sX......

ASpØ kp]-`m-X-Øn\v F∂p-ap≈

tim`-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. BZn-Xy≥ Hfn-a-ßnb

Hcp DZ-b-amWv A∂-tØ°v am‰n-sh-®-Xv. Fhn-

sSbpw Hcp ivaim\ aqI-X. BZn-bpsS hndp-ß-

en® icocw Bw_p-e≥kn¬ Ib-‰n-b-t∏mƒ

B aqI-Xbv°v A¥y-am-bn. Iq´-\n-e-hnfn

Db¿∂p. apØ»n Ahs\ aSn-bn¬ InS-Øn.

]t£ IY-tIƒ°m≥..... B Bw_p-e≥kv IS-

∂p-t]m-hp∂ hgn-Øm-c-I-fn¬ \ndsb hmI-Iƒ

]q°ƒ sImgn-®n- n-cp-∂p. ]s£ AXp ImWm≥

BZn°p Ign-bp-I-bn-√-t√m. Ae-ap-d-bn´p Ic-

bp∂ \m´p-Im¿°n-S-bn-eqsS IsÆØm Zqc-

tØ°v Hcp s]m´p-t]mse B hml\w ad-™p.

B ap‰sØ tdmkm-∏q-°ƒ C∂p hncn-

bp-∂n-√. Hmtcm sam´pw Xe-bp-b¿Øn Np‰pw

t\m°pw. BZn ASp -Øpt≠m? Ahs\

ImWmsX, B Npw_\w In´msX, B sam´v

hnScpw aptº sImgn-™p-t]mIpw, BZn-sb-

t∏mse. ho´p-ap-‰sØ Kp¬tam-l¿ F∂pw

\ndsb ]q°-fp-ambn ImØp-\n¬°pw. Fs∂-

¶nepw BZn-bpsS IÆp-Iƒ Xßsf ImWm≥

FØpw. B lrZbw Ahsc tXSn

-h-cpw. A∂v Kucn-tbmSpw tkXp-hn-t\m-Sp-sam∏w

Hcp-]mSv kvt\l-tØmsS Ahs\ hc-th-

ev°m≥ B ]q°fpw D≠mhpw. BZnsb

kvt\ln-®, BZn kvt\ln® ]q°ƒ.

139

FFFFFs‚ Icn-™p-W-ßnb `mh-\-bn¬ apf-®p-s]m-ßnbFungus BWo cN-\. at\m-a-fi-e-Øn¬ Dcp-≠p-Iq-Snb ap´-IƒIqń apń s]mń D≠mb omelette BWo cN-\. Hcp College]Wbw. cmXn ""tImbo an¬ Kbm'' I≠v Ign™v InS-°p-tºmƒHcp-aWn Ign-™n-cp-∂p. cmhnse ssSw]okv cm£-ks‚ Ae¿®tI´mWv DW¿∂-Xv. Nph-cn-em-Sn-°-fn-°p∂ Ie-≠-dn¬ 12- mw XnøXn.s]s´∂v Xe-t®m-dn¬ Hcp an∂¬ ]m™p-t]m-bn. ""C∂t√ College¬ Juniors hcp∂ Znh-kw'', thKw Fgp-t∂‰v Ipfn®v Ip´-∏-\mbnCollege te°v h®p ]nSn-®p.

tImtf -Pns‚ ]Sn -Iƒ Ib-dp -tºmƒ NoticeBoardte°v Adn-bmsX H∂v t\m°n-t∏m-bn. AhnsS

taml≥-em-ens‚ ]S-Øns‚ t]mÃ¿ Hń-°p-∂Xp t]mse

Hń-®n-cn-°p-∂p “Ragging is a Criminal Offence” .B t]∏¿

hen®p Iodn Hcp kml-kn-I-\m-hWw F∂v tXm∂n-sb-

¶n-epw, kml-kn-I-X-bv°p≈ ]Xn-^-e-ambn ]n≥kn-∏¬

Xcp∂ suspension F∂ hocm-fn-∏-ńs\ Ipdn-t®m¿Ø-

t∏mƒ, F∂nse kml-kn-I≥ second show bv°v t]mbn.

¢m n¬ Ib-dn-s®-∂-t∏mƒ AXm AhnsS Ipd®v

s]Ïp-ń-Ifpw Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ “Sugar Boy” F∂-dn-b-

s∏-Sp∂ hnZym¿∞nbpw Ccn-°p-∂p. Ahs‚ knc-I-fn¬

HmSp-∂Xv ]©m-c-em-b-\n-bm-Wv. AXns‚ Hcw-i-sa-¶nepw

Fs‚ knc-I-fn-tem-Sm-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Rm≥ Akq-bm-ep-

hm-bn. Bag sIm≠v last bench¬ ÿew ]nSn®v Ist floorte°v bmX-bm-bn. First yearss\ ImWm≥. AhnsSFØn-b-t∏mƒ \ncm-i-bm-bn-cp∂p êw.

ACME FRANCISS5 AE

Bcpw FØn-bn -ń -√. Ipsd t\cwAhnsS Np‰n-∏‰n \n∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿ 10- a-Wnt°hcq F∂v Adn-™p. cmhnse 4 hours BWvD≈-Xv. BZy-tØXv Mobile¬ Ifn®pw c≠m-a-tØXv cut sNbvXpw aq∂m-a-tØXpw \mem-a-tØXpw Dd-ßnbpw Ah-km-\n-∏n-®p.

Aßs\ ImØn-cp∂ kph¿W-k-abwhs∂-Øn. Btcm-KyZrVKm-X-cm-b-hsc Hgn-hm°n ]mh-ß-sf-bmWv Rßƒ sXc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xv. (A-Sn-sIm-≈p-∂Xv F\n°v Xosc CjvS-a -√). Aßs\ henb IÆp-I-fp≈ HcpsNdnb s]Ïp-ńsb Rßƒ hnfn -®p.Ahsf ]cn-N-b-s∏´v A`n-hm-Zy-amb SalutekzoI-cn®v Ign-™-t∏m-tg°pw Rß-fn¬ Hcp-h\v Ah-tfmSv ]W-b-am-bn. “Love at first sight”,F∂v thW-sa-¶n¬ ]d-bmw. Ah\pw Fs‚IqsS _m°n D≠m-bn-cp-∂-hcpw AhƒsS]n∂mse t]mbn. “Ragging\m¬ \n_n-V-ambLibrary hcm-¥-bn¬ Rm≥ H‰°v \n¬°p-tºmƒ Cf-¶m-‰n¬ apSn-]m-dn-®p-sIm≠v tImtf-Pns‚ XcwKw F∂v Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ s]Ïpńhcp-∂p. Imhym-am-[-hs‚ IÆp-Iƒ, AishwaryaRaibpsS Np≠p-Iƒ, Aßs\ samØ-Øn¬Hcp Film star S®v D≈ Hcp kpµ-cn. Rm≥ Fs‚

c≠p ssIIfpw Db¿Øn Ah-tfmSv lmbv ]d-™p.Ahƒ t]am¿Z-amb IÆp-I-fm¬ Fs∂ t\m°n ]d-™p. ""Fgp-t∂¬°v, FX t\c-ambn hnfn-°p∂p''. Rm≥tNmZn-®p ""F¥v?'' s]s´∂v Hcp A⁄mX i‡n h∂vFs‚ DZ-c-`m-KØv ]Xn-®p. Rm≥ sXdn®v tImWn-∏-Sn-I-fn¬ hoWp. ]Sn-I-fn-eqsS Dcp≠p hogp-tºmƒ Rm≥Fs‚ IÆp-Iƒ Cdp-°n-b-S®v AtΩ F∂v Dds° hnfn-®p. DS≥ h∂p Readymade answer ""Ft¥m?''. Rm≥IÆp-Iƒ Xpd∂p t\m°n. Film star kpµ-cn -bpsSÿm\Øv Rm≥ I≠Xv Fs‚ A\n-b-s\-bm-Wv. kw`-h-ÿ-e-tØ°v AΩbpw HmSn-sb-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ clockte°v t\m°n. kabw 5.30. \S∂sX√mw kz]v\-am-bn-cp∂p F∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ GXm\pw \nan-j-ßƒ th≠nh∂p. cmhnse HmSm≥ t]mhm-\p≈ A\n-bs‚ wake callBbn-cp∂p B A⁄mX i‡n F∂v ]n∂oSv a\- n-em-bn. Every Action has an equal and opposite reaction F∂m-Wt√m. AXnse B opposite reaction Fs‚ A\n-b\vkΩm-\n-®p-sIm≠v Rm≥ HmSm≥ Cd-ßn. Hcp a[p-c-kz-]v\-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω-I-fp-am-bn.

140

ccccc≠v h¿j-ßƒ°v apºv, IrXy-ambn ]d-™m¬ 2003sk]vXw-_¿ amk-Øn-emWv ]Xo-£-bpsS mfihpw t]dnRßƒ sF.-C.-F- ns‚ ]Sn Nhn-ń-b-Xv. dmKnßpw ko\n-tb-gvkp-sam∂pw C√mØ Hcp temIw Rßsf ImØn-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tImtfPv tlmÃ¬ XpS-ßm-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬tIc-f-h¿Ω tImtf-Pn-\-Sp-Øp≈ "Ir]' tlmÃ-en-emWvRßƒ FØn-s∏-´-Xv. AhnsS Rßsf kzoI-cn-°m≥ Znhm-I-tc-´-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tlmÃ¬ hm¿U-s\-∂-Xn-ep-]cnRßƒ°-t±lw Hcp apXn¿∂ ktlm-Z-c-s\-t∏m-se-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CW-°-ßfpw ]nW-°-ß-fpw-, sIm®p sIm®p Ifn-Nn-cn-I-fp-ambn Rßƒ F√m-hcpw hfsc thKw \√ kplr-Øp-°-fmbn amdn. ]e-t∏mgpw A¿≤-cm-Xn-°-∏pdw \ofp∂tUmbnwKv tlmwh¿°p-Ifpw kn\n-a-I-fpw -A-Xn-\n-S-bvs°ms° Aev]w ]T-\-hp-ambn Znh-k-ß-tfmSn ad-™p.

InkvXp-akpw \yqC-bdpw i_vZ-tIm-em-l-e-ß-fp-ambn"Ir]' PohnXw Rßƒ BtLm-jn-®p. H‰ cq]m Xp´p-Iƒ°p]Icw Ccp-]-Ø©v ss]km-Øp- p-Ifpw tImbn≥ t_mIvkn-en v hnfn-°m-sa∂ "hnπ-h-I-c-amb' I≠p-]n-SpØw \S-Øn-bXpwAs∂-t∏mtgm Bbn-cp-∂p. aSp-∏n-°p∂ ]I-ep-I-fn¬ I\Ø]mT-]p-kvX-I-ß-fpsS t]Pp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ kzbw \jvS-s∏áWn-°q-dp-Iƒ.... Assk≥sa‚p-Ifpw Syqt´m-dn-b-ep-I-fp-ambn]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS s]m≈n-°p∂ ho¿∏p-ap-´-ep-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬\n∂pw Iq´p-Im-tcm-sSmØv IpkrXn Imńbpw Xam-i-Iƒ]d™pw a\- nse ]W-bsØ Km\-ß-fmbn aqfnbpw Dudn-®n-cn®pw Aß-s\.. Aß-s\... tImtfPv Zn\-ßfpw IS-∂p-t]m-bn. "em_v FIvkm'ans‚ NqSv s^_p-h-cn-bnse XWp-∏ns\ adn-I-S-∂p. Aßs\ B Znh-kw... s^_p-h-cn-˛28hs∂-Øn.

a[pckz]v\-Øns‚ amkva-cn-I-X-bn¬ \n∂v sRń-bp-W¿∂Xv Aem-dsØ i]n-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. a\- ns‚ CSp-ßnb tImWp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Btcm a¥n-®p. "em_vFIvkmw'. a‰p _m-©p-Iƒ kpJ-am-bn Iq¿°w hen-®p-d-ßp-∂p. A∂m-Zy-ambn Ah-tcmSv Akqb tXm∂n. tai-bn¬ NnX-dn-°n-S∂ sdt°m¿Up-I-fn¬ \n∂pw "^nknIvkv sdt°m¿Uv'X∏n-sb-Sp-°p-tºmƒ, Xte∂v Dd-°w-H-gn®v ]Tn® sIan-kvSn-bnse cmk-hm-Iy-ß-sfm- p-ap-°mepw Ftßmt´m am™p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. ]pkvX-I-ß-fp-am-bp-≈ bp≤-Øn-\n-S-bvs°-t∏mtgmZnhm-I-tc-´s‚ "tP°-t∫.....' F∂p≈ hnfn ImXn¬ apg-ßn-b-t∏mƒ sdt°m¿Up-Isf hI-™p-am‰n £-W-Øn\p ap∂n-

te-t°m-Sn.... A∂pw ]Xn-hp-tZmi Rßsf ImØn-cn-°p-∂p≠m-bn-cp-∂p. _mKpw "em_v tIm´p'ambn _kv kvt‰m∏n-te-bvt°m-Sp-tºmƒ ]Xn-hp-_kv In´ptam F∂ Bi-¶-bm-bn-cp-∂p Rß-fpsS D≈n¬. ]Xo-£n-®-Xbpw ]iv\-ß-fn-√msX \mev em_v FIvkm-ap-Ifpw Ign-™p. BZy-_ n¬Xs∂ ]q¶p-∂Øp h∂n-dßn CS-h-gn-bn-eqsS \S∂v i¶-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aº-e-Øn-\-cn-In-se-Øn. Aº-e-∏-d-ºn\p \Sp-hn¬]S¿∂p]-¥-en®p \n¬°p∂ B¬a-c-Ø-W-en¬ Ipd-®p-t\cwhni-an-®n´p t]mImw F∂v Iq´-Øn-emtcm ]d-™p. hni-a-Øn-\p-tijw Pe-tP-®n-bpsS IS-bnse anTm-bnbpw \pW-™p-sIm≠v \S-∂-t∏mƒ a\ v Xnc-sbm-gn™ IS¬t]mseim¥-am-bn-cp-∂p.

tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS apJy-I-hm-SsØ ]n∂n-em°n Ir]-bpsS hmXn¬°-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ F∂pw ]p©n-cn-bp-ambnRßsf ImØp-\n¬°p∂ Znhm-I-tc- -s\-b√ A∂p ImWm≥Ign-™-Xv. Xpd-∂n´ hmXn¬∏-Sn-bn¬ \n¬°p∂ Znhm-I-tc-´s‚ æm\-amb apJw Rß-fn¬ Akz-ÿ-X-bp-f-hm-°n. H∂p-ap-cn-bm-SmsX he-Xp-h-isØ Pme-I-∏m-fn-bn-te°v At±lwhnc¬ Nq≠n. Ahn-sS-sbm- n-®n-cp-∂, ]g-°w-sIm≠v aßn-Øp-S-ßnb Hcp sh≈-°-S-emkv Rß-fpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬s∏- p. CS-Xq¿∂ A£-c-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬\n∂pw "]sØm-º-Xp-e-£ØnAº-Xn-\m-bncw' F∂ kwJy-bn¬ Rß-fpsS IÆp-S-°n.t\mó-knse hcn-Iƒ hy‡-ambn H∂p hmbn-®-t∏mƒ Ir]P]vXn sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p F∂ bmYm¿∞yw Rßƒ°vDƒs°m-≈m-Xn-cn-°m-\m-bn-√. "C\n-sb-tßm v'? F∂ tNmZywF√m-h-cpsS D≈nepw apg-ßn. hnZym¿∞n-I-sf∂ ]cn-K-W-\-sIm-≠v, P]vXn-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ c≠p Znh-k-tØ°v \oń-h-bv°m≥_m¶v A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Xøm-dm-bn. tlmÃ-ep-Sa hcpØn sh®IS-_m-[y-X-bm-bn-cp∂p Rß-fpsS B Ah-ÿbv°v Imc-Ww. A∂p cmXn ]m°nwKpw Ign™v Dd-ßm≥ InS-∂-t∏mƒa\ v kp\m-an-Øn-c-Iƒ B™-Sn-°∂ IS¬t]mse ]£p-_v[-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]nt‰∂v Rß-fn¬ Ipd-®p-t]¿ Znhm-I-tc-´-t\msSm∏whoSp t\m°m-\n-d-ßn. Ipd-®p-t]¿ F√mw ad-°m≥ kn\n-abv°pt]mbn. Hcp Znh-kw-sIm≠v hosS-ßs\ Xc-s∏-Sm-\mWv?Aßs\ Rmb-dm-gvNbpw IS-∂p-t]m-bn. Rß-fpsS Ir]-bnse Ah-km\ Znh-khpw hs∂-Øn.

A∂p cmhnse tImtf-Pn-seØn A[n-Ir-X-tcmSv hnh-c-ßƒ [cn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Ah-cpsS \n -lm-bX shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. Fßpw ÿew Inń-bn-s√-¶n¬ sdbn¬th-tÃ-j≥kpc-£nX ÿm\-am-sW∂v ]d™ A≤ym-]n-I-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ Xam-i-bmbn Icp-Xm-\m-hp∂ Hcp am\-kn-Im-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-∂n√ Rßƒ.

""]mºp-Iƒ°p amf-ap-≠v, ]d-h-Iƒ°m-Im-i-ap-≠v,a\p-jy-]p -X\v Xe Nmbv°m≥ aÆn-en -S -an√''

F∂v ]mSnb kl-]mTn F¥m-bn-cn°pw Dt±-in-®Xv?D®-bq-Wn-\n-S-bn¬ Znhm-I-tc-´s‚ t^m¨ h∂p, ""tlmÃ-ep-Sa Hcp hoSv icn-bm-°n-bn-´p≠v''. sshIp-t∂cw Ir]-bn-se-Øn-b-t∏m-tg°pw km[-\-ßƒ Ib-‰nb sSwt]m Rß-tfbpwImØv InS-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ir]-tbmSpw tIc-f-h¿Ω-tbmSpw Hcn -°¬IqSn hnS-sNm√n bmX-bm-Ip -tºmƒZnhm-I-tc- -t\m-sS¥p ]d-b-W-sa∂v Rßƒ°m¿°p-a-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xnsb \oßn-Øp-S-ßnb h≠n-bn-te°v t\m°nssIho-in-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Znhm-I-tc- s\ C∂pw Rßƒ Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p.

BABURAJ P.R, BITTO JOHN JOB, RAKESH R.S5 CE

A\p-`-h-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ

141

""C∂v _ v In´ptam...... Ft¥m??'' ]Xn-hp-t]mse Ahƒ HmSn-sb-Øn. ""inhm,

t]mtbm... tN®o?....'', ASpØv \n¬°p∂ tN®n-tbmSv Ahƒ tNmZn-®p. ""t]mbn-ń-√.....'',

""`mKyw......'', ""Ft¥? tamsf...... ASpØ _ n¬ t]mbm¬ t]mtc??....'' AXns‚ sXm´p-

]p-d-In¬ Xs∂ thsdbpw _ p-I-fp-≠v. ""AXv.... t\cw sshIpw tN®o......'' Ahƒ ]d™p.

Hcp t\m°v.....

SARITHA P. S.S5 CS

_ v h∂p. ]Xn-hnepw Xnc-°p-≠v. kvIqƒ PwKvj≥ Ign-™m¬ Xnc°v Ip-dbpw. \nd®v kvIqƒ Ipń-I-fm-Wv. AXv

Ign-™m¬ Ccn-°mw. ""F∂mWv Cu..... _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ H∂v Ah-km-\n-°p-I....''

ASpØ tÃm∏n¬ _ v H∂v BSn-\n-∂p.... Ahƒ ]pd-tØ-°p-t\m-°n. B IS-bpsS apºn¬ C∂pw Abm-fp-≠v....

Bcm-W-bmƒ?? \√ apJio D≠v. ]o®v If¿ j¿´pw _u¨ If¿ ]m‚pw C´p-\n¬°p-∂p. c≠p-˛-aq∂p Znh-k-ambn ChnsS

ImWp -∂p. . . . s]s´∂v Abmƒ t\m°n. Ah-cpsS IÆp -Iƒ CS -™p.. . . Ahƒ s]s´∂v IÆp -Iƒ

Xncn-®p. At∏m-tgbv°pw Infn s_√-Sn-®p.... h≠n \oßn. H∂p t\m°n-bm-tem...?? Abmƒ Fs∂ t\m°p-∂pt≠m?? th≠

F¥n\m shdp-sX..... ÿe-ßƒ Hmtcm-∂mbn Ign-™p-t]m-bn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.....

Hmô-kn¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ Ahƒ°v Ft¥m Hcp kt¥mjw tXm∂n. F¥n-\m-W-bmƒ t\m°n-bXv?? Fs∂-bmtWm??

Bhn√.... Ahƒ Ah-fpsS tPmen-bn¬ i≤n-®p....

]nt‰∂v B _ n¬ Xs∂ Ahƒ Ibdn. AXm..... Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. Ahsf Xs∂-bmWv t\m°p-∂-Xv. Ahfpw

t\m°n. Adn-bmsX Xs∂ Ahƒ H∂p aµ-l-kn-®p, Abmƒ Xncn-®pw.... Cuiz-cm... Bcm-W-bmƒ?? _ v H∂v A\-ßn. hnS

]dbpw t]mse Abmƒ Xe-b-\-°n. Xncn®v Ah-fpw.....

Znh-k-ßƒ IS-∂p-t]m-bn... Abmƒ F∂pw AhnsS Nncn-®p-sIm≠v \n¬∏p-≠m-hpw.

]Xn-hp-t]mse A∂pw Ahƒ B tÃm∏v FØm≥ ImØn-cp-∂p. i\nbpw Rmbdpw I≠n-√. C∂v Xn¶ƒ, Cs∂-

¶nepw ImWWw...... ]s£ AhnsS Abmƒ C√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahƒ AhnsS apg-ph≥ t\m°n... I≠n√!!!, C∂v _ v t\c-sØ-

bmtWm??? _ v A\-ßn... C√.. ImWm-\n-√.... _ v \oßn-Øp-S-ßn... Ahƒ t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p....

XpS-cpw...

God was in the process of creating the universe andhe was explaining to his subordinates-

DILIP RAMAKRISHNANS5 CE

BALANCING CREATION

“Look, every thing should be in balance. For every ten deers there should be a lion. Look here, my fellow angels,here is the country of United States, I have blessed them with prosperity and money. But at the same time I havegiven them insecurity and tension. And here is Africa, I have given them beautiful nature. But at the same time Ihave given them climatic extremes. And here is South America, I have given them lots of forest. But at the sametime I have given them lesser land so that they would have to cut off the forests..... so you see fellows everythingshould be in balance”.One of the angels asked, “God, what is this beautiful country here?” God said ''Ahah, that is the crown piece ofall, India. My most precious creation, they have understanding and friendly people. Sparkling streams, serenemountains. A culture which speaks of the great tradition that they live. Technologically brilliant and with a heart ofgold''.The angel was quite surprised. “But God, you said everything should be in balance”.God replied, ''Look at the neighbours I gave them!!''

Compiled by

142

a™ps]-øp∂ B cmXn shfp-Ø-t∏mƒ kqcys‚

BZy-In-cWØgp-I-te‰v Ahƒ Fgp-t∂-‰p. Ahƒ aoc. AUz.-

ao-c... cmXn apgp-h≥ hmZn-°m-\p≈ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏p-Iƒ°v CS-

bn¬ GtXm bma-Øn¬ Ahƒ Adn-bmsX Dd-°-Øn-te°v

hgpXn hoWp.- ]t£ At∏mgpw Ah-fpsS a\ v Dd-ßn-bn-

√. Dd-ßm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ImcWw \msf Ah-fpsS

Pohn-X-Øns‚ Xmfw- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p∂ B tIkns‚ hmZw

XpS-ßp-I-bm-Wv.

]mh-am-bn-cp∂p kn≤m¿∞v. Pohn-X-kw-L¿j-ßƒ°n-

S-bn¬ Ahƒ°v km¥z-\-am-bn-cp∂p Abmƒ.

Ime-Øn-s‚- I-Æp-Iƒ Ahsf t\m°n K¿÷n-®-t∏mƒ

Ahƒ°v \jvS-s∏-´Xv Pohn-X-Øn-s‚- k-t¥m-j-ß-fpsS ]gp-

Xp-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. A—\pw AΩbv°pw aoc GI-a-I-fm-bn-cp-

∂p. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS kz]v\-km-^-ey-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-fpsS

sImgn™ ]pjv]w

SANGEETHA K.S1S2 CS

hnhm-lw. GI-a -I -fpsS hnhmlw

Ah¿ B¿`m-S-ambn Xs∂ \S-Øn.

]t£ Ah-fpsS B bmX Hcp henb

Zpc -¥-Øn -te -°m -bn -cp∂p F∂v

Ah¿°-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p. B bmX-bv°n-

S -bn¬ Ahƒs°√mw \jvS -s∏-´p.

`¿Øm-hn-s\, At±-l-Øns‚ amXm-]n-

Xm-°-sf, Aßs\ ]e-tcbpw. Cu Zpc-

¥-Øns‚ \Sp-°-Øn¬ Ahƒ°v Ah-

fpsS A—-s\bpw AΩsbbpw \jvS-

s∏-´p. Cuiz-cs‚ n£-bmbn Ah-fpsS

Poh≥ amXw _m°n-bm-bn.

]t£ hn[n-bpsS IqcX CXp-

sIm≠pw Ah-km\n®n√. A∂v Ahƒ

BZy-ambn Abmsf I≠p, kn≤m¿∞n-

s\. Pohn-X-km-l-N-cy-ßƒ sIm≠v Hcp

]‰w ZpjvS-a-\p-jy-cpsS CS-bn¬ AI-

s∏-´-h-\m-bn-cp∂p kn≤m¿∞v. Ah-

fpsS `¿Øm-hn-t‚bpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp-

tSbpw Imc-W-tl-Xphmb B A]-ISw

Hcp bmZr-›nI A]-I-S-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

AsXmcp Bkq-XnX sIme-]m-X-I-

ambn-cp-∂p. hnk-Ω-X-\mbn Abmƒ°pw

AXn\v Iq v \n¬t°≠n h∂p. Hcp-]mSv

hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-ßƒ tImS-Xn-bn¬ Ac-

tß-dn. Ah-km-\-hn-Pbw kXy-Øn-\m-

bn-cp-∂p. ]Xn-Iƒ in£n-°-s∏-´p.

]t£ ]ns∂bpw Iqc-hn-[n-Iƒ

Ahsf ]n¥p-S-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xn-

Im-c-Zm-ln-I-fm-bn-cp∂ B arK-ß-fpsS

apºn¬ Ahƒ AI-s∏-´p. ac-WsØ apJm-apJw Z¿in® \nan-j-ßƒ.

Hcp tZh-Zq-X-s\-t]mse At∏mƒ AhnsS FØnb kn≤m¿∞v Ahsf

c£n-®p. ]t£ AXn-\p-th≠n Abmƒ \¬tI≠n h∂ hne Abm-

fpsS PohnXw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ°v AXn-\mbn Hcp sIme-]m-

XIw Xs∂ sNtø≠n h∂p. sNbvX sX‰p-Iƒ°p ]mb-›n-Ø-sa-∂-

hÆw Abm-fXv kt¥m-j-]q¿∆w sNbvXp.

]t£ Cu kwL¿j-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Adn-bmsX Ahƒ Abmsf

]W-bn®p XpS-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. timIm¿Z-amb Ah-fpsS B GIm-¥-Po-

hn-X-Øn¬ Hcp km¥z\w Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p Abm-fpsS kmao-]yw. B

XW¬ Ahƒ°v \jvS-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Cu tIkv Ahƒ°v Pbnt®

]‰q. ]t£ AXn-\m-bp≈ IS-º-Iƒ XcWw sNøm≥ GI-bmb

Ahƒ°v Ign-bptam? Hcp-]mSv Iqc-X-Iƒ Im´nb hn[n Ah-tfmSv C\n-

sb-¶nepw Aev]w IcpW ImWn-°ptam? kXyw Pbn-°Ww F∂ hn[n-

\ymbw \S-∏n-em-°n-bm¬ Ahƒ°v GIm¥ Pohn-X-amIpw hn[n. Ahƒ

ImØn-cp-∂p....

hn[nsb ]gn-°msX, hn[n tIƒ°m≥!!

Ah-fpsS Pohn-X-hn[n tIƒ°m≥!!

Hcp sImgn™ ]pjv]w t]mse

F√mw \jvS-s∏´ Ahƒ ImØn-cp-∂p.....

143

_____‘p-ho-ńse I√ym-W-cm-hm-bn-cp∂p C∂se. Hcp-°-ßƒ°v

Iq´m-hm≥ sN∂-t∏mƒ Iq´p-Im¿°pw _‘p-°ƒ°pw Gen-bs\ I≠

IuXp-Iw. ""Hm... Aô-tkm..! \obn-t∏mgpw Pohn-®n-cn∏pt≠m..?'' Btcm

tNmZy-sa-dn-bp-∂p. c≠p h¿j-ßƒ°v tij-amWv Cßn-s\-sbmcp IqSn-

t®-c¬. AXns‚ apgp-h≥ CjvS-t°-Sp-I-fp-ap≠v F√m-h-cp-sSbpw apJ-

Øv... icn°pw H‰-s∏-´-t]m-se... sdt°m-Uv, em_v, bqWn‰v sSÃv, Ct‚-

W¬, CXn-s\-√m-an-S-bn¬ kz¥w hoń¬t]mepw A\y-\mbn amdnb Hcp

F©n-\o-b-dnßv hnZym¿∞n-bpsS ZpxJßƒ Ch¿°v Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Bh-

W-sa-∂n-√.

c≠v sIm√-tØm-f-ambn Pohn-X-Øn\v h√mØ bm¥n-I-X-bm-Wv.

cmhnse Ggv aWn°v _ nse Xnc--°n¬ IpØn-∏n-Sn®v H∂-c-a-Wn-°q-

tdmfw bmX-sNbvXv tImtf-Pn-se-Øm-\p≈ _≤-∏m-Sn-\n-S-bn¬ t_°v-

^mÃv Ign-°m≥ t\c-ap-≠m-hm-dn-√. F∂-tØbpwt]mse t_°v^mÃv

Ign-°msX bmX-]-d-bp-tºmƒ ]cn-`hw Ie¿∂ DΩ-bpsS apJ-Øn\v

Bizm-k-am-hm≥ th≠n-amXw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p. ""Im‚o-\n¬ \n∂v £Ww

Ignt® ¢mkn¬ Ib-dq''.. F∂pw DΩsb \pW ]d™p ]‰n-°p-∂-Xn¬

Ip‰-t_m-[-ap-≠v. ]mhw DΩ, hońse Xnc-°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ggv aWn°v

apºv t_°v^mÃv Hcp-°m≥ Ign-bm-dn-√... ]t£, Un∏m¿´vsa‚n¬

kq£n® XSn-b≥ A‰≥‚≥kv _p°n¬ FÆw Ipd-™p-t]m-bm¬ Ct‚-

W¬ am¿°v Ipd-bp-sa∂ `b-w F√m-h¿°pap≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂

t_°v^mÃv ]e¿°pw Ah-[n-Zn-h-k-ß-fnse Ae-¶m-c-am-Wv.

cmhnse 8.45\v sshZy-im-e-bn¬ _ n-dßn tImtf-Pn-te°v \S-

°p-tºmƒ Ipń-Iƒ hcp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-t∂-bp-≈q. ¢mkn\v apºnse CS-

\m-gn-bn¬ \uêpw sPeo-\bpw XΩn¬ Kuc-h-am-sbt¥m kwkm-cn-

°p-bm-Wv. Fs∂ I≠-t∏mƒ s]s´∂v sPeo\ bmX ]d-™p-t]m-bn.

ASp-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Ahs‚ apJ-Øn\v ]gb ]k-cn-∏n-√. c≠p aq∂p

Znh-k-ambn \u^¬ sPeo-\-tbmSv Imcy-am-sbt¥m kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

Imcyw Xnc-°n-b-t∏mƒ Ah≥ ]d™p XpS-ßn.. ""Ahƒs°s∂ a\-

n-em-hp-∂n-√.. CX-sbms° ASp-Øn-´pw..'' Ahs‚ IÆp-I-fn¬ hnjm-

Z-Øns‚ \\-hv... Ah-\nX sk‚n-sa‚-embn Rm≥ I≠n-ń-√. Ah\v

th≠n sPeo-\-bp-ambn Rm≥ kwkm-cn-°m-sa-t∂-‰p. e©vt_-°n¬

ssII-gpIn Iq´p -Im -cn -I -fp -ambn \S-∂p -t]mb Ahsf Rm≥

]n∂n¬\n∂pw hnfn-®p. tNmZy- m-h-Øn¬ ASp-Øp-h∂ Ah-tfmSv \u -

ens\ Nq≠n Hcp apJ-h-c-bp-an-√msX Rm≥ kwkm-cn®v XpS-ßn. ""Ah\v..

Ipńsb b¶c CjvS-am-Wv..'' ""AXn-\p≈ adp-]Sn Rm≥ \u^-en-t\mSv

]d-™t√m...? ""]t£ Ah-\Xv a\- n-em-hp-∂n-√.. AXbv°pw CjvS-

am-Wv..'' ""CXv hey IjvSm-b-t√m... As√-¶nepw B¶pósf hniz-kn-

°m≥ sIm≈q-e.. kulr-Z-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ CØcw

NXn-°p-gn-Iƒ Hfn-∏n-°p-∂-h-cmWv ]ecpw. ASp-Øn-

S-]gInbXv sX‰n-≤-cn-°-cpXv F∂v ]d-bWw Iq´p-

Im-c-t\m-Sv..'' hm°pIƒ°v h√mØ IWn-i-X. ]Iz-

X.. k¶Swap‰nb \u^-ens‚ apJ-tØ-°-h-ƒ

t\m°n-bn-√. F¥mWv c≠pt-]-tcmSpw ]d-tb-≠-

sX∂v F\n-°-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ipd®v t\csØ

\ni-_vZ-X-bvs°m-Sp-hn¬ Ahƒ ho≠pw ]d-™p-

Xp-S-ßn.. ""F‚-—≥ Kƒô∂v Iym≥k-embn h∂-

XmWv... A∂v Iº-\n-bnse kºm-Zy-Øn¬ \n∂v

an®-ap-≠m-°nb \mev e£-tØmfw cq] Kpcp-hm-

bqcv ImØ-enIv kndn-b≥ _m¶n¬ C≥shÃv

sNbvXn-cn-°ym-Wv... AXn¬\n∂v 40,000 cq]

C∂se ok-S-®p. AUvan-j\v Ac e£-tØmfw

cq] sNe-hm-bn. C\n- hcpwsIm√ßfnse ôkv

bqWnt^mw, ]pkvXIw Fs‚ tImgvkv Ign-bp-

tºm-tg°pw h√Xpw _m°n-bp-≠mthm Ft¥m..?''

Ipd®v t\cw Ah-sft¥m Btem-Nn-®p. ""CXn-\n-S-

bn¬ A—s‚w AΩ-bpt-Sbpw IÆocv ImWmt\

CXv sIms≠ms° Ign-bq.. kvt\lhpw t]a-hp-

sams° ]d™v `mhn \in-∏n-°m≥ F\n-°m-hn-

√..''

B¿Z-amb hm°p-Iƒ Hgp-t°msS hen-s®-

dn™v Iq´p-Im-cnIƒs°m∏w bmX-bm-hp-tºmƒ

Ah-sfm-∂pIqSn Rßsf Hm¿Ωs∏-Sp-Øn. ""πokv...

_n ]mIvSn-°¬..'' \u^-ens\ Biz-kn-∏n-°m≥

hm°p-I-fn-√m-Xm-bn-t∏m-bn. Im‚o-\n-te°v \S-°p-

tºmƒ hm°p-Iƒ izmkw apń-a-cn® Rßƒ°n-S-

bnse \ni-_vZ-Xsb XtemSn Hcp Im‰v Rß-fpsS

Imº-kn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-bn.

Im‚o -\n¬ henb Xnc -°n -√. c≠v

s\bvt®mdpw Hcp Nn°≥ Idnbpw ]¶p-sh®v Ign-

°p-tºmƒ Rßƒ c≠p-t]cpw au\-Øns‚ XS-

h-d-bn-embncp∂p. lrZ-b-Øns‚ Bg-ß-fn-te°v

s]cp-a-g-t]mse s]bvXn-d-ßnb sPeo-\-bpsS

hm°pIfmbncp∂p a\ p \ndsb....ôkv....]pkvX-

I-ßƒ.... ôk-S-°m≥ C\n aq∂v Znhkw IqSn

_m°n-bp-≠v. Rm\n-Xp-hsc ok-S-®n- n-√. C∂se

cmXn \oń-b-Sn® t^m¨s_¬ tI´-t∏mtg Dd-

∏n-®n-cp∂p D∏-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v.... F√m sh≈n-bm-

gvNbpw B t\cØv D∏ hnfn-°m-dp-≠v. CS-bvs°-

t∏mtgm DΩ-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ ImXn¬ Xd-®p.

""c≠v Znhkw IqSntb D≈q..... Ahs‚

¢mkn¬ Ah-s\m-gnsI F√m-hcpw ôk-S-®-

t X. . . . . . . . Fßn -s\ -sb-¶n -epw . . . . '' ]ns∂

Rms\m∂pw i≤n-®n-√. DΩm°v D∏-bpsS \n -

MUHAMMED ABDUL ASEES P.S3 AE

144

lm-bm-hÿ Adn-bmw. A_p-Zm-_n-bnse sNdn-sbmcp tÃj-

\dn IS-bn¬\n∂v In´p∂ hcp-am-\-Øn¬ hen-sbmcp ]¶v

iºfw sImSp-°mt\ XnI-bq. Kƒ^nse BtKmfhXv°-

cWw aqew Iq‰≥ \ne-I-fp≈ kq∏¿am¿°-‰p-Iƒ Bcw-`n-®-

t∏mƒ D∏-bpsS Kƒ^v ]Xo-£-Iƒ AkvX-an®v XpS-ßn-bn-

cp-∂p. F¶nepw hoń¬ A√-en-√msX Pohn-°m≥ F∂pw

B IS-bm-bn-cp∂p XpW.

am¿_nƒ hncn® ¢mkns‚ CS-\m-gn-I-fn¬ Bƒ°q-´-

ßƒ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p. C∂-se-bmWv t\mókv t_m¿Un¬

Placement s\ Ip-dn®v t\mókv h∂-Xv. ¢mkn¬ a[p-km¿

Placement s\ Ip-dn®v Zo¿L-ambn kwkm-cn-®p. am¿°pw

A‰≥U≥kpw A®-S-°hpw Placement \v Hcp henb LS-

I-am-sW∂v a[p-km¿ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ dn°n ]ndp-

]n-dp-Øp. ""At∏m.. C\n Id°w Ipd-bv°Ww''. AsX, F√m-

hcpw Hcp-ßp-I-bm-Wv, ]pXn-sbmcp temI-Øn-\m-bn. tPmen-

sb∂ kz]v\ km£m-XvIm-c-Øn-\mbn \mtSm-Sp-tºmƒ

\Spth HmSp-hm≥ Xøm-sd-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Xncn®p ¢mkn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ ap∂nse s_©n\v Np‰pw

Ipd®v Ipń-Iƒ Iq´wIqSn \n¬°p-∂p. BImw-£-tbmsS

FØn-t\m-°n-b-t∏mƒ Ah¿ "HmtPm t_mUv' Ifn-°p-bm-

Wv. \mW-b-Xp-´p-I-fn¬ Bflm-hns\ sIm≠p-h-cp-∂Xv

tlmÃ¬hmkn-I-fmb ARvPphpw kpanbpw. Aº-c∏v

Ie¿∂ ItÆmsS Acp-Wns‚ tNmZyw. ""F‚-—≥ Pohn-®n-

cp-∏p-t≠m-sb∂v tNmZn-°v..'' kpan-bpsS ssIh-® tImbn≥

‘No’ Fs∂-gp-Xnb If-Øn¬. Acp-Wns‚ Aº-c∏v B›-cy-

Øn\v hgn-am-dn. ""F‚-—≥ FX hb- nem acn-®Xv?'' ho≠pw

tNmZyw. tImbn≥ BZyw 5epw ]ns∂ 2epw. Acp-Wn\v hniz-

kn-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. ""52-˛mw hb- n¬ lm¿´-‰m-°m-bn-cp∂p

A—-\v..'' ¢mkn¬ I\Ø \ni-_vZ-X. ""Ch¿s°√mw h´mWv''.

kpta-jm-Wv. ¢mknse _p≤n-Po-hn. Hgn-hp-k-a-bsØ√mw

Xs‚ _mKn¬ kq£n-°p∂ XSn-b≥ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ hmbn®v

¢mkn-en-cn-°m-dp-ff kpta-jns‚ A`n-]m-b-ßƒ ¢mknse

Ah-km-\-hm-°m-hm-dp-≠v.

""F©n-\o-b-dnßn\v ]Tn-°p-∂-h¿ \mW-b-Øp-´p-I-fn¬

Bflm-hns\ hcp-Øp∂p!'' Ahs‚ i_vZ-aev]w Db¿∂n-cp-

∂p. A¥-co£w H∂-b-™-t∏mƒ sas√ F‚-Sp-Øn-cp∂v

Ah≥ ]d-™p-Xp-Sßn ""Aôkv, Placement Dw AssignmentDw attendance Dw sh®v A®-S-°-ap≈ Hcp kaq-lsØ

hm¿sØ-Sp-°p-I-bmWv kmam-PyXzw. AXns‚ Cc-I-fmWv

\Ω-sf-√m-h-cpw. Ah¿ \ap°v Xcp∂ Db¿∂ iº-fw,

sImtfm-Wn-b-en-k-Øn\v hgn-s∏-Sm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cmb \ap-

°p≈ ]Xn -^-e -am -Wv . \ΩpsS tNmc -bn¬\n∂pw

aÆn¬\n∂pw Ah-cq-‰n-sb-Sp-Ø-Xn¬ _m°n-h∂ ]n®-°miv''.

F\n-°-\y-amb GtXm `mj-bn-em-W-h≥ kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

""F\n°v a\- n-em-bn√''.

""A®-S-°-ap≈ Imº-knte A®S-°-ap≈ hnZym¿∞n-

I-fp-≠m-hqtX. FX hnVn-Ø-am-W-Xv. 70-tebpw 80-tebpw

\Ivkepw t_mw_p-sam-s°-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ tImgn-t°mSv RECbn¬ \n∂mWv G‰hpw anSp-°-cmb F©n-\o-b¿am¿ D≠m-b-

Xv. A∂mWv REC IAS s‚ ]Wn-∏pc F∂-dn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv.''

H∂v \ndpØn Ah≥ ho≠pw XpS¿∂p, ""\Ω-sfm∂pw

H∂p-am-hn√, Aô-kv. A—-t‚bpw AΩ-bp-tSbpw B ]gb

Aaq¬ t__n-I-fn¬\n∂v tIm¿∏-td‰v ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS

hn\oXhnt[b-b-∑m-cmb ASn-a-I-fn-te-°p-ff Zqcw AX hep-

X-√..''

CXbpw Iqń-t®¿Øv ¢mkn¬ \n∂v Ah-\n-d-ßn-t∏mbn.

""Sm, \ns‚ C° h∂n-´p≠v'' ]pdØv \n∂v \u^¬ hnfn-®p-

]-d-™p. Hm, C∂v Open House BWv, ad-∂p. Internal ¬Hcp t]∏¿ tXm‰n- p≠v. Fs¥m-s°-bm-Wmthm kmd-∑m-cpsS

hmZ-K-Xn-Iƒ.

`mKy-Øn\v H∂pw ]d-™n-√. dnt∏m¿ v t\m°n a[p-km¿

]d™p ""Aôkv, S^v BsW-∂-dnbmw. F∂mepw Ipd®v

IqsS Cw]qhv sNø-Ww. As√-¶n¬ Placement In´-Øn√.''

Hm Placement, Job Card, icn°pw `b-ambn XpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v.

¢mkv t\c-sØ- hn-´-t∏mƒ t\sc temWn-te°v sN∂p.

\n[n\pw dnjm\pw _m_phpw, \u^-epw, dn°nbpw F√m-

hcpw IqSn-tN¿∂v h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bp-tºmƒ Rm≥ ]d-™p.

""F\n°v t]mWw''. ""\obn-cn°v F¥mX s]s´∂v''? tNmZyw

dnjms‚ hI. ""C°m°v hnk Inń-bn-´p-≠v. C\n Ipd®v

Znhkw IqSntb D≈q C°msS IqsS''.

""\o mKy-hm-\mWv, Aôkv. Hcp-]mSv C°-amcv, s]ß-

amcv. Fs‚ hoń-em-sW-¶n¬ Rm\pw A—\pw AΩbpw

amXw. kwkm-cn-°m≥Xs∂ t\c-ap-≠m-hm-dn-√. cmXn A—≥

Iºyq-´-dnepw AΩ Sn.-hn.-bnepw Xe-]qgvØn Ccn-∏m-hpw.

]h¿I´v \n¿Ø-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ G‰-hpw-Iq-Sp-X¬ thZ-\n®

tIc-fo-b≥ Rm\m-bn-cn-°pw. ImcWw ]h¿-Ińs‚ Ac-a-Wn-

°q¿ F\n-s°s‚ A—t\w AΩ-tbbpw kwkm-cn-°m≥

In´p-am-bn-cp∂p. Ct∏m AXp-an-√m-Xmbn''.

sNdnb Nncn-tbmsS dnjm≥ ]d-™p-\n¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ

Bcp-sam∂pw an≠n-bn-√. FX wKn-bm-bn-´mWv Ah≥ thZ-

\-I-sf-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-®-Xv.

temWn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂‰v \S-°p-tºmƒ km_p Hm¿Ω-

s∏-SpØn ""Ct∏mgpw \n\°v Airtel to Airtel free Xs∂-bt√.

C∂v cmXn Hcp tIm¨ -d≥kv sNbvXp-X-c-Ww. kvanX-bpsS

\º-dn¬ Rm≥ cmXn miss call sNømw.'' Ahs‚ ]W-b-

Øn\v Airtel s‚ D]-lmcw.

kvIqƒ hn´ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Rßƒ°v apºn-eqsS

[rXn-bn¬ \S-∂p-t]m-bn. ""+2 Ign-™-t∏mƒ c£-s∏-s´-∂v

IcpXn. ]t£ \Ω-fn -t∏mgpw kv°qfn¬ Xs∂-bt√.

bqWnt^mapw, kvIqfn\pw tImtf-Pn-\p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp aXn¬

sIń-√m-ØXpw, AsX \Ω-fn-t∏mgpw XS-h-d-bn-emWv'',

\u^¬ F√m-h-tcm-Sp-ambn ]d-™p. ""AsX \Ω-sfmcp Pbn-

en-emWv. tImtf-sP∂ Pbn-en¬ kne-_-sk∂ aXn¬sI-ń-

\p-≈n¬ \mev h¿jw ITn-\-X-Shv hn[n-°-s∏´ ]tcmƒt]m-

e-pan-√mØ Pbn¬]p-≈n-Iƒ'' kptajv ]d-™p-Xp-Sßn.

""As√-¶n¬ \mev h¿jw c£n-Xm-°ƒ C≥shÃv sNbvX

e£-ßƒ Xncn®v ]nSn-°m-\p≈ D]-I-cWw. C≥sh-Ãvsa‚ v

]mgm-bn-t]m-h-cpXv. Campus Selection, Placement B.....

\ap°v Returns \v th≠n ]b-Xv\n-°mw''.

Rß-f-t∏mƒ "sshZy-ime'bnse-Øn-bn-cp∂p. Xnc-s°m-

gn™ _kn¬ hoń-te°v bmX-bm-hp-tºmƒ t\cw Ccp-ń-

Xp-S-ßnbncp-∂p.

145

tktktktktkXp-e£van Np‰p-]mSpw ]c-Xn. Ah-fpsS apJw hen-™p-ap-dp-In. H∂pw

ImWm-\m-hmsX Ahƒ ]mX-ßfpw a‰pw X´n-a-dn-®p. i_vZw tIƒ°m≥

AhnsS a‰mcpw C√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahƒs°t¥m h√mØ bw tXm∂n. Fs¥-

∂n-√mØ tZjy-hpw. Bcp-sS-sbm-s°tbm Im¬s]-cp-am‰w B \n»-_vZ-

Xsb `⁄n®p. Ahƒ apdn-bpsS Hcp tImWn-te°v HXp-ßn. `bw-sIm≠v

Ben-e-t]mse hnd-®p. Ah-fpsS Im¬ hnc¬ Bcp-tStbm kv]¿i\w Xncn-

®-dn-™p. Ahƒ F√mw ad∂v \ne-hn-fn-®p. ""AtΩ......'' Ahƒ IÆp-Iƒ

apdp°n AS-®p. FX t\c-sa-∂-hƒ Hm¿Øn-√. Ccp´v Ib-dnb IÆn¬

shfn®w hoin-b-t]mse Id‚v h∂p. Ct∏mƒ Ahƒ°v F√mw ImWmw.

Imen¬ \n∂pw ]d-∂-I-ep∂ B ]m‰sb t]mepw.

Ccp-´n¬\n∂pw

shfn-®-Ønte°vshfn-®-Ønte°vshfn-®-Ønte°vshfn-®-Ønte°vshfn-®-Ønte°v

RANJITH PILLAIS5 CE

1. Why do they call it rush hour when nothing moves?

2. A bank is a place that will lend you money if you can prove that you don’t need it.

3. Men with pierced ears are better prepared for marriage, they have experienced painand bought jewellery.

4. Money won’t buy friends, but you get a better class of enemies.

5. It’s so simple to be wise. Just think of something stupid to say and then don’t say it.

6. Women don’t want to hear what you think, they want to hear what they think, in adeeper voice.

7. If your parents never had children, chances are you won’t either.

8. If modern banks are open 365 days a year, 24 hours a day and 7 days a week, why dothe doors have locks on them ?

9. A guy knows he’s in love when he loses interest in his bike for a couple of days.

ARUN BABUS5 AE

TOP 9 ONE LINERSTOP 9 ONE LINERSTOP 9 ONE LINERSTOP 9 ONE LINERSTOP 9 ONE LINERS

148

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Wit

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INDO QUARTZ34/1658 (C), H.No.7, Chandrathil Road, Nr. State Bank of Travancore, Edapally, Kochi-682 024

Dealers : Survey Instruments-Levels, Theodolites, Totalstation, GPS etc.: Geo Technical Instruments


ELMACTICSENTERPRISES

Engineering Lab Equipment Suppliers & Lab Setters & FUTURE TECHAdvanced Training In PLC, DCS, SCADA, Embedded Systems etc, Coaching for Engineering Lab Practicals

With best

compliments of: 33/ 153 L, 1st Floor, S.N.D.P. Shopping Complex,

Alinchuvadu, Edappally P. O., Cochin - 24Phone : 0484 - 2807068, 0484 - 5534523.Fax : 0484 - 2807068. e-mail : [email protected]

PHILTECH LIBRARY SERVICES

ONE AND THE ONLY NAME IN THE FIELD OF LIBRARY MATERIALSONE AND THE ONLY NAME IN THE FIELD OF LIBRARY MATERIALSONE AND THE ONLY NAME IN THE FIELD OF LIBRARY MATERIALSONE AND THE ONLY NAME IN THE FIELD OF LIBRARY MATERIALSONE AND THE ONLY NAME IN THE FIELD OF LIBRARY MATERIALS

Phone : 0481 - 2457800 (O) 2457030 (R)

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Lib ra r y Requ i s i t e s Supp l i e r sL i b ra r y Requ i s i t e s Supp l i e r sL i b ra r y Requ i s i t e s Supp l i e r sL i b ra r y Requ i s i t e s Supp l i e r sL i b ra r y Requ i s i t e s Supp l i e r sPulickalkavala P. O., K. K. Road - 14th Mile, Kottayam - 686 515

1373, Sathy Road, Ganapathy, Coimbatore - 641 006. Phone : 0422 - 2531006 (Off). Tele fax : 0422 - 2531840, Res. Ph : 0422 - 2531127,Mob No. 098430-53184, 0422 - 9363109693. E-Mail : [email protected], [email protected]

Branch Works/Office: M/S. Engg Eqpt Enterprises, 196-C. Nayay Khand - II,Indirapuram,Ghaziabad - 201 010. Ph : 0120-2606958, Mobile No : 09811888915

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With best compliments of

asthithva - a journey to the roots

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