assignment presentation 1

8/14/2019 Assignment Presentation 1

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PARTS OF THE

COMPUTERCourse No. : ESC101

By :-Kartikeya Tiwari

ROLL NO. -08BT01209



Explore the Parts of a

Computer



Components

Modem, Motherboard, Drives, Video Card, CPU

Power Supply, Ports, Memory and Bios

The inside of the cabinet



CPU (Microprocessor)CPU (Microprocessor) TheThe CCentralentral PProcessingrocessing UUnit, which is the heart of thenit, which is the heart of the

computer. It does all the thinking for the computer andcomputer. It does all the thinking for the computer andprocesses all the information to be turned into files onprocesses all the information to be turned into files on

your computer. your computer. It is actually a very small chip on the motherboard.It is actually a very small chip on the motherboard.

The clock speed of the microprocessor in now measuredThe clock speed of the microprocessor in now measuredin gigahertz (GHz).in gigahertz (GHz). – The higher the number; the quicker the information processed.The higher the number; the quicker the information processed.

– The chip shown below can process up to 2.80 GHz.The chip shown below can process up to 2.80 GHz.



PortsPortsPorts are located on the outside of a computer and ports arePorts are located on the outside of a computer and ports are

where we plug in other hardware. On the inside of the casewhere we plug in other hardware. On the inside of the casethey are connected to the expansion cards. Today, most newthey are connected to the expansion cards. Today, most newcomputers usecomputers use USB portsUSB ports..

Keyboard &Mouse

Printer

Scanner (USB) Monitor or LCD



DrivesDrives They are normally located in theThey are normally located in the

case but we can also be externalcase but we can also be externalto the computer.to the computer.

The most common types of usThe most common types of usare floppy Disk and CD-ROM.are floppy Disk and CD-ROM.

– floppy drives read and write smallfloppy drives read and write smallamounts of data (up to 1.44 MB)amounts of data (up to 1.44 MB)

– CD-ROM disks store up to 800 MBCD-ROM disks store up to 800 MBof informationof information

Newer types of us that can beNewer types of us that can be

found today are CD-RW, whichfound today are CD-RW, whichcan read and write CDs andcan read and write CDs andDVD, which holds even moreDVD, which holds even moreinformation than CD drives.information than CD drives.



Video CardVideo Card It is the part of the computer that is in chargeIt is the part of the computer that is in charge

of controlling the video display.of controlling the video display. It is sometimes referred to as a graphics card.It is sometimes referred to as a graphics card. It varies in the resolution (number of pixels)It varies in the resolution (number of pixels)

and number of colors it can display.and number of colors it can display.– Typically it will show at least 800 pixels (points on the screen)Typically it will show at least 800 pixels (points on the screen)wide by 600 pixels high, with each pixel capable of beingwide by 600 pixels high, with each pixel capable of beingdisplayed in one of several millions of colors.displayed in one of several millions of colors.

– Older cards operate at 640X480 pixels using only 256 colors.Older cards operate at 640X480 pixels using only 256 colors.



Power SupplyPower Supply It supplies power for the computer.It supplies power for the computer.

– supply power to the motherboard and the drivessupply power to the motherboard and the drives

It contains a fan that helps assist in the task ofIt contains a fan that helps assist in the task ofcooling the computer.cooling the computer.

It comes in a variety of wattages.It comes in a variety of wattages.– 200 watt and 250 watt, are the most commonly used200 watt and 250 watt, are the most commonly used



ModemModem

It has its own speaker. When we connect to the internet and hear it dialing, it is this speaker that we hear the sound coming from.It has its own speaker. When we connect to the internet and hear it dialing, it is this speaker that we hear the sound coming from.

It converts the computer's digital data, into analog waves, so that the data can travel through the phone lines to another computer.It converts the computer's digital data, into analog waves, so that the data can travel through the phone lines to another computer.

It is rated by how many bits per second it can transmit and receive data.It is rated by how many bits per second it can transmit and receive data.

–Just because a modem is rated at 56K (56,000 bits per second), does not necessarily mean that it will be able to send and receive at this speed. Phone lines and your internet provider alsoJust because a modem is rated at 56K (56,000 bits per second), does not necessarily mean that it will be able to send and receive at this speed. Phone lines and your internet provider alsoplay a big part in how fast your computer can receive and send information via the internet. Many, if not most, phone lines are only capable of transmitting at 28.8k.play a big part in how fast your computer can receive and send information via the internet. Many, if not most, phone lines are only capable of transmitting at 28.8k.



MotherboardMotherboard It is the part of theIt is the part of the

computer that is like thecomputer that is like theblood vessels inside theblood vessels inside thehuman body, which connecthuman body, which connect

to all the vital organs.to all the vital organs.

– Instead of blood vessels, theInstead of blood vessels, themotherboard uses tinymotherboard uses tinyelectrical paths to connectelectrical paths to connecteach component of theeach component of thecomputer.computer.

One important part on it is the BIOS, which is whereOne important part on it is the BIOS, which is wherethe computer's settings are stored and changed.the computer's settings are stored and changed. In the picture above, we can see most of theIn the picture above, we can see most of the

connecting slots, ports, and connectors. Each isconnecting slots, ports, and connectors. Each islabeled to show which component it connects to.labeled to show which component it connects to.



BIOS It stands for Basic Input/Output System.It stands for Basic Input/Output System.

It is the program which wakes the computer up whenIt is the program which wakes the computer up whenwe turn it on and reminds itself what parts it has andwe turn it on and reminds itself what parts it has andwhat each part is supposed to do.what each part is supposed to do. • After booting and performing a few system checks, it turnsAfter booting and performing a few system checks, it turns

the computer over to the operating system.the computer over to the operating system. It is normally stored in an EPROM chip (ErasableIt is normally stored in an EPROM chip (Erasable

Programmable Read Only Memory)Programmable Read Only Memory)– The BIOS chip contains enough information to operate theThe BIOS chip contains enough information to operate the

computer by itself without any disks or even a hard drive.computer by itself without any disks or even a hard drive.



User Interactive Hardware Components

peripherals, monitor , keyboard, mouse, and case



Computer CaseComputer Case It protects all the electronic components inside theIt protects all the electronic components inside the

computercomputer It provides adequate ventilation to prevent overheatingIt provides adequate ventilation to prevent overheating

It is capable of allowing us to expand our hardware ifIt is capable of allowing us to expand our hardware ifthe need arises.the need arises.



Mouse and KeyboardMouse and Keyboard

They are the main input devices onThey are the main input devices ona personal computer.a personal computer.

They allow us to interact with theThey allow us to interact with thecomputer.computer.

Everything we do on a computerEverything we do on a computermust be done through them.must be done through them.



MonitorMonitor It is the computer part that allows us to see what weIt is the computer part that allows us to see what we

are doing. Without it our computer would be virtuallyare doing. Without it our computer would be virtuallyuseless.useless. It has really come a long way in the past couple of yearsIt has really come a long way in the past couple of years

(along with the rest of technology).(along with the rest of technology).– Some variations of it are centimeters thick and have about aSome variations of it are centimeters thick and have about a

20" viewing screen.20" viewing screen. It also have a variety of built in functions such as low-It also have a variety of built in functions such as low-

power standby, degauss, and screen-adjusting controls.power standby, degauss, and screen-adjusting controls. Due to the development of new technologies we will soonDue to the development of new technologies we will soon

see larger viewing screens and smaller widths.see larger viewing screens and smaller widths.



ScannerScanner

There are a variety of scanners. Each come with their ownThere are a variety of scanners. Each come with their ownsoftware program. They are usually connected to either asoftware program. They are usually connected to either aSerial port or a USB port.Serial port or a USB port.

Power plug

USB plug

Serial port



PeripheralsPeripherals They are "extras" on things such as computers.They are "extras" on things such as computers.

They are separate components that enhance aThey are separate components that enhance acomputer's effect or ability.computer's effect or ability.– Among these would be speakers, external modems, printers,Among these would be speakers, external modems, printers,

scanners, microphones, servers, hubs, or even sub woofers.scanners, microphones, servers, hubs, or even sub woofers.

Now a days, printers, speakers, and even scannersNow a days, printers, speakers, and even scannerscome with many computer packages.come with many computer packages. – Speakers generate the digital and acoustic sounds that areSpeakers generate the digital and acoustic sounds that are

bits of information on a computer.bits of information on a computer.



Disk Cache in computer science a portion of a computer’s random access memory



Disk Cache, in computer science, a portion of a computer s random access memory(RAM) that is set aside for temporary storage of information. A disk cache does

not hold entire files like a RAM disk (a portion of memory that acts as if it were aseparate disk drive). Instead, a disk cache is used to hold information that hasrecently been requested from disk or has been written to disk. For example, a

program might need to read the same portions of a data file repeatedly from disk.

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